Unit Two
True Love
Section A
Wilde‟s Love for Hawking
PART I Background Information
1. Stephen Hawking
Stephen William Hawking was born on 8 January 1942. He is a British theoretical physicist. Hawking is the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge, and a Fellow of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. He is known for his contributions to the fields of cosmology and quantum gravity, especially in the context of black holes, and his popular works in which he discusses his own theories and cosmology in general. These include the runaway popular science bestseller A Brief History of Time, which stayed on the British Sunday Times bestseller list for a record-breaking 237 weeks.
His key scientific works to date have included providing, with Roger Penrose, theorems regarding singularities in the framework of general relativity, and the theoretical prediction that black holes should emit radiation, which is today known as Hawking radiation, or sometimes as Bekenstein-Hawking radiation. His scientific career spans more than 40 years and his books and public appearances have made him an academic celebrity and world-renowned theoretical physicist. He is an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts. Hawking is disabled by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症), commonly known in the United States as Lou Gehrig‟s Disease. The illness has progressed over the years and he is now almost completely paralysed. 2. Black hole
A black hole is a region of space in which the gravitational field is so powerful that nothing can escape after having fallen past the event horizon. The name comes from the fact that even electromagnetic radiation (e.g. light) is unable to escape, rendering the interior invisible. However, black holes can be detected if they interact with matter outside the event horizon, for example by drawing in gas from an orbiting star. The gas spirals inward, heating up to very high temperatures and emitting large amounts of radiation in the process.
While the idea of an object with gravity strong enough to prevent light from escaping was proposed in the 18th century, black holes, as presently understood, are described by Einstein's theory of general relativity, developed in 1916. This theory predicts that when a large enough amount of mass is present within a sufficiently small region of space, all paths through space are warped inwards towards the center of the volume, forcing all matter and radiation to fall inward.
While general relativity describes a black hole as a region of empty space with a pointlike singularity at the center and an event horizon at the outer edge, the description changes when the effects of quantum mechanics are taken into account. Research on this subject indicates that, rather than holding captured matter forever, black holes may slowly leak a form of thermal energy called Hawking radiation. However, the final, correct description of black holes, requiring a theory of quantum gravity, is unknown.
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3．A Brief History of Time
A Brief History of Time is a popular science book written by Professor Stephen Hawking and first published in 1988. It rapidly became a best-seller, and had sold 9 million copies by 2002. It was also on the London Sunday Times best-seller list for a record-breaking 237 weeks.
A Brief History of Time attempts to explain a range of subjects in cosmology, including the Big Bang, black holes, light cones and superstring theory, to the nonspecialist reader. Its main goal is to give an overview of the subject but, unusual for a popular science book, it also attempts to explain some complex mathematics.
The author notes that an editor warned him that for every equation in the book the readership would be halved, hence it includes only a single equation: E = mc².
In addition to Hawking‟s abstinence from equations, the book also simplifies matters by means of illustrations throughout the text, depicting complex models and diagrams.
The book is considered by many to be an “unread bestseller” which is a book many people own but few have finished.
4. Music to Move the Stars
Music to Move the Stars is a memoir published by Jane Hawking in 1999. The book details much background about Jane‟s courtship with Stephen, their marriage, and the problems in their marriage due to the domestic friction that one would expect when a family member is seriously handicapped. Even though her Ph.D. was not in science, but Spanish poetry, Jane explains modern cosmology with almost the same elegance, fluidity, precision and accuracy as that of her world-famous husband. The book provides much insight on the age-old conflicts between science and religion, a subject that Jane discusses in depth. Jane also provides much insight into the minds of the world‟s leading scientists, especially cosmologists. It also contains her own long-term relationship with a family friend whom she later married.
PART II Language Study
1. A school friend broke the news a couple of years before, saying that Stephen was suffering from „some terrible, paralyzing, incurable disease‟. (Para. 1)
A few years before, a school friend told her the bad news that Stephen was badly ill with „a certain terrible disease that would make him lose the ability to move and couldn‟t be healed ‟.
2. This is probably a fair illustration of what was known then about motor neurone disease, long before the worldwide success of A Brief History of Time and Stephen‟s battle against the illness combined to raise its public profile. (Para. 1)
This is perhaps a sound description about motor neurone disease prior to Stephen‟s worldwide famous work A Brief History of Time and his struggle against this kind of disease, which together increased its public awareness.
illustration: n.
1) [C/U] example or a story which is used to explain the point or make it clear （作说明用的） 例证，实例
Let‟s take a very simple illustration to have a case study. 我们来举一个非常简单的例子来做一个案例分析。
These events are a graphic illustration of the fact that their promises cannot be trusted.
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这些事件都是生动的实例，说明他们的承诺不能相信。
The teacher cut an apple into four equal pieces as an illustration of what 1/4 means. 老师把一个苹果切成相等的四块，以此说明什么是四分之一。
2) [C] picture, design or diagram which is used to decorate or explain parts of the writing in a book, etc. （作说明用的）插图，图案，图表 The kite is assembled as shown in the illustration. 风筝是按照图示说明组装起来的。
Illustrations in children‟s dictionaries are clear, lively and in full colour. 幼儿词典中的插图清晰、生动，而且是用彩色印刷的。
We would like to present a simplified illustration to show the flow of product costs. 我们想用一个简化的图表来表述产品成本流程。
combine:
v. 1) two or more things exist together（使）结合；（使）联合
Morality and national pride combine in his public statements.
道德观念和民族自尊心融合在他的公开声明里。
Relief workers say it‟s worse than ever as disease and starvation combine to kill thousands. 救援人员称疾病加上饥饿夺去了数千人的生命，其严重程度前所未有。
This suits China‟s aim of gradual industrial reform combined with fast economic growth. 这符合中国的目标，即产业的逐步改革与经济的迅速增长相结合。 2) do two or more activities at the same time 兼做，同时做（两件以上的事） All the things I longed for were combined in this fair lady. 我所渴望的东西这个窈窕淑女一身都兼备了。
This film that won the Oscar awards succeeded in combining education with recreation.
这部获得奥斯卡金像奖的电影成功地把教育同娱乐融合在一起。 It‟s difficult to combine family life with a career. But this career woman manages to find a balance between them.
要兼顾家庭生活和事业是件不容易的事。但是这位职业女性却成功地在这两者之间找
到了平衡点。
n. group of people or organizations acting together for a particular purpose 联合（企业） a newspaper combine 报业联合企业
a production expert from the tobacco combines 一位来自烟草联合企业的生产能手 profile: n. [C]
1) public image of a person or organization, and attention that they get from the public or journalists （人或组织的）形象，姿态
The entire marketing team is trying to raise the author‟s profile. 整个营销队伍正着力提升该作者的形象。
The company currently enjoys a high profile with its new line of mobile phones. 该公司目前以其新的手机系列而备受瞩目。
The CEO participated in this charity activity in order to raise his company‟s public profile. 这位首席执行官参加这次慈善活动是为了提升公司的公众形象。
Although this superstar enjoys abundant fame and wealth, he always maintains a low profile.
尽管这位超级明星享用着无尽的荣华富贵，但他总是保持低调。 2) description of a person, group, or organization that contains all the details that someone needs （人、团体或组织的）简介，概况
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We first build up a detailed profile of our customers and their requirements. 首先，我们建立起我们的客户及其需求的详细资料。
A Washington newspaper published comparative profiles of the candidates‟ wives. 华盛顿的一家报纸刊登了几位候选人夫人的简介，并作了比较。
3. There is little doubt that Jane Wilde‟s appearance on the scene was a major turning-point in Stephen Hawking‟s life. (Para. 2)
There is no doubt that Jane Wilde‟s appearance was a significant and decisive moment in Stephen Hawking‟s life.
on the scene: in a place where something is happening出现，到场，在场 By the time I came on the scene, it was all over.
我来到的时候，一切都结束了。 This great leader came on the scene just when his country needed him. 这位伟大的领袖就在国家需要他的时候上台了。
There were many policemen and journalists on the scene of the accident happening during the rush hours.
有很多警察和记者出现在发生于上下班高峰期的事故现场。
turning-point:n. [C] point at which a decisive change occurs 转折点；转机 The Industrial Revolution was a major historical turning-point. 工业革命是一个重要的历史转折点。
The fall of the Berlin Wall marked a turning-point in East-West relations. 柏林墙的倒塌标志着东西方关系的一个转折点。
At times, history and fate meet at a single time in a single place to shape a turning-point in man‟s unending search for freedom.
有时，历史与命运在某时某地汇合，成为人类不断寻求自由这一进程中的一个转折点。 4. It was finding Jane that facilitated him to break out of his depression and regenerate some belief in his life and work. (Para. 2)
Finding Jane helped him to get rid of his sadness and renew some belief in his life and work.
Note: this sentence adopts The Emphatic Pattern (It is + who (that)...). It is worth mentioning here that when the part needing emphasizing refers to the time, the place or the reason, the structure is “it is … that…” instead of “it is … when…”, “it is … where…” or “it is … why…”. It was only when I reread his poems recently that I began to appreciate their beauty. It was in Qingdao that I saw the sea for the first time.
It was because of bad weather that the football match had to be put off.
facilitate: vt. make it easier for something to happen or be done 使(事情等)变得容易；使便利 Dividing students into small groups usually helps facilitate discussion. 把学生分成小组通常会使讨论更容易进行。
He argued that the economic recovery had been facilitated by his tough stance. 他认为他的强硬立场推动了经济的复苏。
Friendly contacts between different peoples facilitate the cultural and economic interchange. 各国人民的友好接触促进文化和经济交流。
break out of: escape from something such as a situation or way of life 改变，逃脱（某种情形或生活方式）
He has the strong desire to break out of the boring routine of normal daily living. 他非常渴望摆脱乏味的日常生活。
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He got fed up with poverty-stricken life and was extremely eager to break out of poverty. 他已厌倦了穷困潦倒的生活，非常渴望摆脱贫穷。 depression: n.
1) [U] extreme melancholy, often with a reduction in vitality and physical symptoms 消沉；忧郁；沮丧 She was gradually coming out of her depression. 她正逐渐从抑郁中恢复过来。
A period of acute depression can sometimes follow childbirth. 分娩之后可能会有一段时间的急性抑郁期。
Never before, in any mood of depression, had she given evidence of suicidal thoughts. 过去她不论心绪如何抑郁寡欢，从未流露出自杀的念头。
After he broke the bad news to her, a glow had passed away from her, and depression sat upon her features.
他告诉她这个坏消息之后，她脸上的红晕消失了，跟着露出郁闷的样子来。
2) [C/U] time of great reduction in the activity of a country‟s industries or economy, which causes a lot of unemployment and poverty 长期萧条；不景气 The housing market has gone into depression. 房市陷入了萧条期。
The country is experiencing a severe economic depression. 该国正在经历严重的经济萧条。
During the depression, millions of the unemployed wandered around in the streets. 经济萧条时期，有好几百万的失业者在街头游荡。
He never forgot the hardships he witnessed during the Great Depression of the 1930s. 他永远不会忘记20世纪30年代经济大萧条时期他所亲眼目睹的苦难情形。 regenerate: vt. cause to begin and develop again 重新产生
The lottery is expected to regenerate substantial funds for charities. 这次彩票的发行有望重新为慈善事业筹集到丰厚的资金。 Living cells regenerate new energy from food. 活细胞重新用食物制造新能量。
This creature‟s tail has the regenerative power and is capable of regenerating if it is cut off. 这种动物的尾巴有再生功能，割掉后能再长出来。
In the past several decades, scientists believed that unlike other cells in the body, those in the brain did not regenerate.
在过去几十年里，科学家认为脑细胞不同于身体的其他细胞，不能再生。
5. It changed his life, gave him something to look forward to and made him determined to survive. (Para. 2)
It changed his life, gave him something to expect eagerly and happily and helped him to make up his mind to live on.
determined: a. having a strong desire to do something, so that you will not let anyone stop you; resolute 有决心的; 意志坚定的; 坚决的
She used to make a determined effort to give up smoking, but failed. 她曾下过坚定的决心要戒烟，但是失败了。
He always holds a determined attitude when facing with challenges and difficulties. 当面对挑战和困难时，他总是抱以坚定的态度。
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From the beginning the other party was determined to dominate the most important negotiations. 从一开始，对方就下定决心要控制最重要的谈判。
6. Without the help that Jane gave him, he would almost certainly not have been capable of carrying on or had the will to do so. (Para. 2)
Without Jane‟s help, he would surely not have been able to keep on living or not even have had the will to do so.
Note: this sentence applies the sentence structure: “without + subjunctive mood”. Implied condition in subjunctive mood can be expressed by clauses which are introduced by the preposition or prepositional phrases such as, without（没有), but for（要不是), in the absence of（如果没有), were it not for（要是没有), but that（假设„„不），etc. Without air (If there were not air), there would be no living things. 如果没有空气的话，就不会有生物了。
But for your help (If it hadn‟t been for your help), I couldn‟t have done it. 要是没有你的帮助，我就不可能完成这件事。
I would have finished the work, but I have been ill. (If I hadn‟t been ill, I would have finished the work.)
我本来该完成这项工作的，但我生病了。(如果我没生病的话，我就会完成这项工作的。) capable: a.
1) (of people or things) having enough ability or power to do something 具有„„能力的，适合于„„的
Show me what you are capable of. 让我看看你有什么本事。 He‟s quite capable of lying. 他很会撒谎。
She is capable of judging works of art. 她有鉴赏艺术品的能力。
The kitchen is capable of catering for several hundred people. 这个厨房能给好几百人供应饭菜。
2) (of people) who has skills or qualities necessary to do a particular thing well or is able to do most things well 能胜任的，有能力的，有才能的
He has proved himself an extremely capable manager. 他已证明自己是一个极其能干的经理。
We need to get a personal assistant who‟s capable and efficient. 我们需要一个有能力、有效率的私人助理。
I‟m going away next week, so I‟ll be leaving everything in your capable hands. 我下周将离开，所以我把一切留给你来处理。
7. Hawking himself has said that what really made a difference was that he got engaged to a woman named Jane Wilde. (Para. 3)
Hawking himself has said that getting engaged to a woman named Jane Wilde had an important impact on his life and changed his life greatly.
make a difference (to somebody / something)
1) have an effect (on somebody / something)(esp. a good impact) or improve a situation a great deal（对某人/某事物）有作用或影响 (尤其指好的影响)；状况有极大改善 The sea air has made a difference to her health.
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海上的空气改善了她的健康状况。
A hot bath makes all the difference in the morning. 上午洗个热水澡能让人精神振奋。
I care about his opinion, and what he has told me may make a difference to my own position. 我在乎他的观点。他告诉我的一切，可能影响我自己的看法。
I hated the house when I first went to see it, but the new furniture made all the difference. 我第一次去看那幢房子时，心里很不喜欢，可是里面一放新家具，情况就完全不同了。 This is an area where I believe some creative collaboration and partnerships could make a difference.
我认为，这是通过某种创造性合作与伙伴关系可以改观的领域。
2) be important (to somebody / something); matter （对某人/某事物）重要 It makes a difference between his leaving or staying. 这关系着他的去留。
I successfully applied for a raise, which made a tremendous difference to me. 我成功地申请加薪了，这对我来说至关重要。
I suppose what the CEO likes or doesn‟t is going to make a difference to people keeping their jobs around here.
我想首席执行官喜欢什么，不喜欢什么，对今后在这儿工作下去的人来说关系重大。 8. This gave him something to live for. (Para. 3)
This made him look forward to the future and continue living.
live for: to have something or someone as the most important thing in your life为„„而生活 I had three suggestions: Live Each Day Fully; Live for Today; or Make Today Count.
我提供了三个可考虑的题目：“充实地过好每一天”、“为今天而生活”、“把握今天”。
You are not supposed to forget so easily that you are not only living for yourself but for me and people who love and care about you.
你不应该这么容易就忘记你不只是为你自己而活着，你必须为我和而关心爱护你的人而活着。
9. What is striking about Jane‟s account of their courtship is her readiness to marry someone with such a grim diagnosis, whose physical condition was deteriorating before her eyes. (Para. 4)
What is so impressive about Jane‟s description of their relationship is her willingness to marry someone with such a serious disease, whose physical condition was getting worse and worse in front of her eyes.
striking: a. impressive; attracting attention 印象深刻的；突出的；引人注目的 The picture was striking in its simplicity. 这幅画的引人注目之处在于它的简洁。
What is immediately striking is how resourceful, steady and mature the children are. 即刻引起人们注目的是孩子们的机智聪明以及成熟稳重。
At first sight his address is certainly not striking; and his person can hardly be called handsome. 乍一看来，他貌不压众，语不惊人。 readiness: n. [U]
1) state of being willing to do something 愿意，乐意 We appreciate his readiness to help others. 我们很欣赏他乐于助人的品性。
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He expressed his readiness to accept the challenge. 他表示愿意接受挑战。
The company has declared its readiness to fight a challenge in the courts. 公司宣布愿意对簿公堂。
The CPC‟s readiness to run risks for peace was bound to be greater than that of the Kuomintang.
中国共产党必然比国民党更加愿意为谋求和平而冒风险。
2) state of being ready and able to deal with what might or will happen 准备就绪 the troops‟ readiness for battle 部队的临战状态
We prepared a room and meal in readiness for their arrival. 我们预备了房间和饭菜，就等他们到来。
The President decided to declare his readiness to trade off our atmospheric series and research and development of nuclear weapons.
总统决定宣布，他随时准备让美国放弃大气层试验和核武器的研发。
grim: a. unpleasant, depressing, and difficult to accept 令人不快的；令人沮丧的 We were running out of money and things were looking grim. 我们花完了钱，情况看来不妙。
The occasion was a grim reminder of the shortcomings of his brother. 这个场合无情地暴露了他弟弟的缺点。
We had barely enough to live on in those grim Depression years.
在那经济萧条时期的严酷岁月里，我们的收入只勉强够维持生活。
The consequences for developing countries would range from the awkward situation to the grim one.
对发展中国家将产生的后果是从问题棘手发展为问题严重。 diagnosis: n. [C] identification of a disease from its symptoms诊断 The two doctors made different diagnoses of my disease. 两位医生对我的病下了不同的诊断结论。
Experts are analyzing a diagnosis of heart disease in order to figure out a cure. 专家们正在研究分析一份心脏病的诊断结果以便找到一种诊治方法。
deteriorate: vi. become worse in condition or quality or become more difficult or unpleasant 恶化；变坏
They got into an argument that deteriorated into a fistfight. 他们开始争论，后来演变成一场斗殴。
Relations between the two countries have deteriorated since the agreement was signed. 自协议签署以来，两国的关系不断恶化。
After an encouraging start, the negotiations deteriorate into a lengthy haggling session. 开局不错，但之后的谈判却陷入没完没了的讨价还价。
10. frank (Para. 4): a. honest, sincere and truthful, even when this might be awkward or make other people uncomfortably直率的，坦白的，直言不讳的 We‟ve always tried to be frank with the kids. 我们一直在尝试对孩子们坦诚相待。
In an unusually frank speech, Glenn acknowledged the gravity of the economic situation. 在一次异常坦诚的讲话中，格伦承认经济形势很严峻。
To be frank and open with you, I don‟t like this job, but I have a family to support.
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坦白地说，我不喜欢这份工作，但是我必须要养家糊口。 11. fulfil (Para. 4): vt.
1) achieve or carry out something that was wanted, asked, promised or expected 完成；兑现；履行（诺言）等
He never fulfilled his potential as a basketball player. 他从来没有充分发挥自己作为一名篮球运动员的潜能。 Will the government fulfill its pledge to hold free elections? 政府会履行其举行自由选举的诺言吗？
Businessmen shall fulfil the promise according to the state regulations or the agreement with consumers and must not deliberately resort to delay or refuse to comply without reasons. 商人应当按照国家规定或者约定履行，不得故意拖延或者无理拒绝。
2) reach a particular standard or have the qualities that are necessary for something 满足 He amply fulfilled the weight of expectation that his parents had placed on him. 他没有辜负他父母对他所寄予的厚望。
The housing commission chose the site because it fulfilled a need in the neighborhood. 住房委员会选择了这个场所是因为它满足了社区的需要。
12. marital (Para. 4): a. of marriage or marriage relations婚姻的；婚姻关系的
Wearing a ring on your left ring finger can show your marital status — married. 把戒指戴在你的左手无名指上表明你婚姻状况是已婚。
The stress of the job causes marital problems for many police officers. 工作中的压力给许多警察带来了婚姻方面的问题。
13. His mother tried to warn her about the horrifying symptoms to expect, but Jane declined the offer of information. (Para. 4)
His mother tried to make her aware of the terrible later stages of the disease, but Jane refused to listen to this kind of information.
horrifying: a. shocking or disgusting 使恐惧的，使惊骇的
The scale of the problem is horrifying, which is totally beyond my expectation. 问题之大令人震惊，完全超出了我的预料。
These were horrifying experiences; therefore he felt reluctant to recall sometimes. 这些都是令人震惊的经历，因此他有时不愿回忆。 symptom: n. [C]
1) something wrong with someone‟s body or with the way that it works, that is taken as a sign of illness 症状；症候
The tablets help relieve cold symptoms. 这些药片能帮助减轻感冒症状。
Common symptoms of diabetes are weight loss and fatigue. 糖尿病的常见症状包括体重下降和疲劳。
He‟s been HIV-positive for six years, but just recently he‟s started to develop the symptoms of AIDS.
他成为艾滋病毒携带者已有六年，可最近突然开始呈现出艾滋病的症状。
2) something that happens in a society and that is taken as a sign of something seriously wrong with that society征兆；预兆
The fighting is a symptom of growing insecurity in the region. 这次争斗是该地区越来越缺乏安全保障的征兆。
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The disappearance of certain jobs is a symptom of a deeper socio-economic change. 某些职业的消失是更深层的社会经济变化的一个反映。 decline:
vt. say no politely when someone invites you somewhere, offers you something, or wants you to do something 谢绝，婉言拒绝、推辞
I invited her to join us, but she declined. 我邀请她和我们在一起, 可是她婉言谢绝了。
She declined to have lunch with her friend, saying that she wasn‟t feeling well. 她说她身体不舒服，婉拒了与朋友共进午餐。
Offered the position of chairman, Smith declined, preferring to keep his current job. 史密斯比较喜欢他现在的工作，婉言推辞了就任主席一职。
vi.1) become gradually worse in quality, get worse, and deteriorate逐渐衰退、衰落，恶化 As one grows older, his / her memory declines. 人的记忆力随着年龄增长而衰退。
Her health has been declining progressively for several months. 几个月来她的健康每况愈下。
This ancient city with glorious history and civilization, over the centuries, had suffered a gradual economic decline.
这座古老的拥有辉煌的历史和文明的城市在过去几百年中经济上已逐渐衰退。 2) become smaller, weaker and fewer变小，变弱，变少
Toy sales peaked just before Christmas and are now declining. 玩具销售额在圣诞节前夕达到最高峰, 现已逐渐下降。
The factory has laid off workers because the sales amount declined. 因为销售额减少, 工厂解雇了一批工人。
This candidate‟s political influence declined after she lost the presidential election. 这位候选人落选后她的政治影响力大为降低。
n. [C/U] gradual and continuous loss of strength, power, numbers, etc.（力量、权力、数量等的）消减
a decline in population / prices / popularity 人口的减少/价格/声望的降低 The company has gone into a decline because of falling demand. 由于市场需求下降, 这家公司的生意每况愈下。
Thanks to the effective measures taken by the government, the number of robberies in the area is on the decline.
多亏了政府采取的有力措施，这一地区的劫案在减少。
Illegal hunting is leading to the decline of some birds, which are facing the danger of extinction.
非法捕杀导致某些濒临灭绝的鸟类数量减少。
14. “I replied that I would prefer not to know the details of the prognosis,” she writes, “because
I loved Stephen so much that nothing could deter me from wanting to marry him.” (Para. 5)
“I replied that I would not like to know the details of the forecast of the disease,” she writes, “because I loved Stephen so much that nothing could stop me from wanting to marry him.”
prognosis: n. [C] prediction by a doctor of how a particular illness will develop and how likely it is that the patient will be cured 预后（指医生根据症状对疾病的发展以及是否能治愈所作的
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预测）
The doctor‟s prognosis for his mother was not hopeful. 医生对他妈妈的病情的发展不乐观。
Doctors say his prognosis is good, and they expect a full recovery. 医生们说对他的病情发展的预测良好，有望痊愈。
deter:vt. prevent somebody from doing something by making it difficult for him / her to do 吓阻；制止
We need severe punishment to deter people from dealing in drugs. 我们有必要实施严厉的惩罚来制止人们贩毒。
Failure did not deter him from moving forward and upward. 他并未因失败而畏缩不前。
I was deterred from emigrating by the thought of leaving my family.
我舍不得离开家人, 所以决定不移居国外了。
15. I would cook and wash and shop and make a home for him, dismissing all my own previous ambitions which were now insignificant by comparison with the challenge before me. (Para. 5)
I would cook, wash, shop and make a home for him. I would give up all my own earlier
aspirations. Compared with the challenge I am facing now, they were unimportant. previous: a. coming before in time or order （在时间，次序上）前的，先的 This issue was discussed in the previous chapter. 这个问题在前一章中已经讨论过了。
Training is provided, so no previous experience is required for the job. 这项工作有培训，因此不需要之前有经验。
The previous owners of the house had hired an expensive interior decorator. 原先的屋主高薪聘请了一位室内设计师。 ambition: n.
1) [C] something that someone wants to do very much, usu. something that is difficult to achieve 抱负，志向
She seemed set to achieve all her ambitions. 她似乎决心要实现所有的抱负。
His ambition is always to become a successful writer.
他的志向一直是想做个成功的作家。 Swallow and sparrow cannot understand the ambition of swan. 燕雀安知鸿鹄之志。
My family are more important to me than politics and personal ambition. 我的家庭对我来说比政治和个人抱负更为重要。
2) [U] strong desire to become successful, rich, famous, etc. 雄心；野心 His ruin was that the ambition had laid hold of him. 他之所以毁灭，是由于野心迷住了他的心窍。
Knowledge of inequality has stimulated envy, ambition and greed. 对不平等的了解激起了妒嫉、野心和贪婪。
The vain ambition and arrogance of my youth has become a fate upon me in old age. 我青春时代的狂想野心和傲慢自大，已成了我暮年不能摆脱的命运。
insignificant: not large or important enough to be worth considering 不重要的；无意义的；无
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足轻重的
I felt very insignificant in the company of such renowned experts. 我觉得自己在这家拥有这么多著名专家的公司里显得无足轻重。
Last year‟s spending is insignificant when compared with the proposed building renovations. 去年的开支与提议的房屋翻新费用相比不值一提。
comparison: n. [C/U] process of considering how things or people are different and how they are similar 比较；对照
That‟s a good dictionary, but it doesn‟t bear comparison with this one. 那是本好词典, 但比不上这本。
I thought I was badly treated but my experiences pale in comparison with yours. 我以为我被虐待了，可是我的经历与你的比起来，真是小巫见大巫。 We have made a systematic comparison of the techniques used by the different players. 我们对不同运动员运用的技巧作了系统的比较。
by comparison (with): used for talking about the ways in which two things are different （与„„）比较而言
Their lives were exciting and glamorous; ours seemed dull by comparison. 他们的生活刺激精彩；比较而言，我们的就显得沉闷了。
By comparison with the lively teenagers, the adults were a joyless lot and more depressed. 和活泼的年轻人比起来，成年人一点也不快乐，情绪更低落。
16. It is hard to avoid the conclusion that Jane, who had not yet graduated from college, did not
know what she was taking on. (Para. 5)
We can easily draw a conclusion that Jane who had not yet graduated from college had no idea what she was undertaking.
Note: this sentence applies the sentence structure: “It is +adj.+to do sth.” Normally, these adjectives here in this sentence structure are: easy, fit, difficult, hard, awkward, convenient, impossible, pleasant, tough, unpleasant, etc. This sentence structure needs an infinitive as its complement, and the infinitive takes active voice. Examples:
Every one has different taste. So it is very difficult to please everyone.
每个人的口味不同，所以很难让每个人都高兴。
It was tough to pull through the toughest time back then, but it taught us to appreciate what we have today even more.
过去最艰难的时期很难熬，但它却教育了我们更加珍惜今天所拥有的。 take on:
1) accept some work or responsibility, undertake something 接受；承担 Don‟t take on more than you can cope with. 要量力而行。
I‟ve taken on the organization of this outing.
我负责这次郊游的组织工作。
If you agree to take on this project, it will mean a lot of extra work. 你如果同意承接这项工程，这将意味着大量的超额工作。
The doctor says I‟m too tired and has advised me not to take on any more work at the moment.
医生说我太疲劳了，并劝我目前不要承担更多的工作。
2) develop a particular character or appearance 呈现
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When we mentioned his son, his face took on a worried expression. 我们提起他儿子时，他脸上流露出忧郁的神情。
Our website is taking on a brand-new look. 我们的网站正呈现出一幅崭新的面貌。 His voice took on a deeper tone as he began the prayer. 当他开始祈祷时，他的嗓音更加深沉。
After the reform and opening-up, China took on a prosperous look. 改革开放后，中国呈现出欣欣向荣的景象。
As a result, DIY work doesn‟t have to look crude, and it can take on just about any style. DIY的作品因此看起来就不再粗劣, 它们可以呈现任何风格。
3）(infml.) become fashionable or popular 流行; 时髦; 受欢迎
The idea never really took on. 这一观念一向不太得人心。 The kind of lifestyle did not take on anymore.
这种生活方式已经落伍了。
17. Although Stephen defied the coming up death sentence passed upon him, and is still alive
today, the details of his physical decline are relentless. (Para. 5)
Even though Stephen challenged the upcoming death sentence given to him, he is still alive, the worsening of his health never stops.
defy: vt. refuse to obey something or do not behave in the expected way 公然违抗 The commander defied a direct order to surrender. 指挥官不服从直接的投降命令。
They are wrong to defy the order of the Court.
他们违抗法院的指令是不对的。
If we had defied him on this question it would have cost us our jobs. 我们要是在这个问题上反抗了他，我们早就失业了。
pass upon: announce a judgment, sentence, judge, identify宣布(判决等)，判断，鉴定， The court finally passed sentence upon an offender. 法庭最终宣布对罪犯判决。
His optimism helped him bravely face the cancer passed upon by the doctor. 他的乐观精神帮助他勇敢地面对已被医生确诊的癌症。
relentless: a. (something bad) never stopping or improving , oppressively constant （不好的事情）不间断的，无休止的
He seems to be under relentless pressure at work. 他好像是在持续的压力下工作。
He strived hard to put up with relentless criticism from his boss so as not to be sacked. 为了免被炒鱿鱼，他竭力容忍上司无休止的批评。
18. Jane‟s determination to care for him, and to create an environment in which he could
continue his groundbreaking work on black holes, takes up many more pages than her account of their eventual separation. (Para. 6)
The description of Jane‟s firm willpower to take care of him and to create a circumstance where he could continue his pioneering work on black holes occupies many more pages (in the book) than her description of their ultimate parting.
determination:n. [U] quality that makes you continue trying to do something even when this is
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difficult 决心；果断；坚定
He has overcome difficulties with courage and determination. 他的勇敢和决心帮他克服了困难。
The president underlined his determination to pursue the rebels. 总统强调了他追捕叛乱分子的决心。 They had survived by sheer determination. 他们全凭坚强的决心幸存下来。
groundbreaking:a. using new methods or achieving new results开创性的；开辟新天地的 a groundbreaking study of plant diversity 关于植物多样性的开创性研究 a groundbreaking report / style具有开创性的报告/创新风格
This is a groundbreaking work that will prove beneficial to students, teachers and professional linguists.
这是一部具有开创性的著作，对学生、教师和语言学专家们都将是大有裨益的。 take up:
1) fill or occupy (the specified space or time) 填满, 占据（某空间或时间） These files take up a lot of disk space.
这些文件占去了很多的磁盘空间。
Her time is fully taken up with writing, which is not only her job but also one of her hobbies. 她的时间都用于写作了。写作不仅是她的工作，也是她的一个爱好。
This desk takes up most of my office. Could you please do me a favor by changing a smaller one?
这张桌子太占我办公室的地方。你能否帮我换一个小点的？
2) continue to discuss or deal with an idea, problem, or suggestion 继续（谈论或处理某事） She took up the narrative where John had left off. 她接着讲约翰未讲完的故事。
She fell silent, and her brother took up the story. 她陷入沉默，她哥哥接着讲了下去。
Most high school graduates have to take up jobs although many of them have a strong desire for further study.
大部分中学毕业生将走上工作岗位，尽管其中很多人都非常渴望能够继续学习。
eventual: a. happening at the end of a long period of time or after a lot of other things have
happened最终发生的；结果的
the eventual winner of the tournament 锦标赛的最终胜利者
It is impossible to predict what the eventual outcome of global warming will be. 无法预测全球变暖的最终结果。
Due to frequent accidents and unqualified education, the village school may face eventual closure.
由于事故频出以及不合格的教育水平，这所乡村学校最终可能面临被关闭。 separation:n.
1) [C] legal arrangement by which a couple remain married but live apart （法庭判 定的）夫妻分居（婚姻关系仍保持但分别居住）
The effects on children of separation and divorce are tremendous. 分居和离婚对孩子的影响是巨大的。
Friends managed to reconcile him with his wife after years of separation.
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经过多年分居后朋友们设法使他与妻子重修旧好。
They decided on a trial separation. If their marriage really couldn‟t work any more, divorce was at the option of both husband and wife.
他们决定尝试分居。如果他们的婚姻无法维持下去，夫妻双方都同意离婚。 2) [U] separating or being separated 分离；分开；隔开
the separation of infectious patients from other patients 传染病人与其他病人之隔离 Separation from his friends made him sad. 离开了朋友，他十分难过。
The separation of a known infected individual who suffers from H1N1 flue from healthy ones would continue until the danger of transmission passes.
把受到H1N1型流感传染的病人同正常人分隔开，直至病人不再具有传染性为止。
19. If Stephen‟s struggle to keep his mind clear is heroic, so is her determination to balance his
escalating needs and those of their three children. (Para. 6)
If Stephen‟s struggle to keep his mind clear is brave, her strong will to satisfy his growing needs
and those of their three children is also very courageous.
heroic:a. of, fit for, or like a hero; very brave 英雄的；神勇的，英勇的 These doctors perform heroic work in difficult conditions. 这些医生在困难的条件下勇敢地工作着。
A heroic display by the goalkeeper saved the home side from disaster. 守门员的神勇表现将主队从灾难中拯救出来。
escalate: v. increase, enlarge, or intensify, esp. at a fast rate that causes problems（使）逐步增强、扩大、升级
The cost of living is escalating in the country. 这个国家的生活费用在上涨。
The Government is deliberately escalating the war for political reasons. 政府出于政治目的蓄意使战争逐步升级。
The escalating rate of inflation will almost certainly bring escalating prices. 通货膨胀的不断上升几乎必然会导致价格上升。
20. Jane emerges as decent and honest, even if her prose sometimes resembles the summaries of
family news that fall out of cards at Christmas. (Para. 6)
Even though sometimes her prose seems plain and unattractive just like the summaries of family news that fall out of cards at Christmas, Jane shows up in public in a well-mannered and honest way. decent: a.
1) conforming with standards of decency 正派的；端庄的 A decent caring man is very appealing to single women. 待人宽厚、关心他人的男人很受单身女性的青睐。
It is decent of David to offer to pay and treat us, even though we offer to go Dutch. 戴维真好，尽管我们提出AA制，他仍主动提出要付钱请客。 2) proper; acceptable, good enough 过得去的；合意的；尚可的 The hospital has no decent equipment. 这家医院没有像样的设备。
You can‟t have good acting without a decent script. 没有像样的剧本是不可能有好的表演的。
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After such rudeness, the chairman should do the decent thing and apologize publicly. 在如此粗鲁的举动之后，主席应当做该做的事，公开道歉。
resmeble: vt. be like or similar to (another person or thing) 与（他人或他物）相似；像 A small object resembling a pin is applied in this invention. 像大头针的一个小物件被运用到这个发明里。
He resembles his brother in looks, so it is hard to distinguish one from the other. 他和他弟弟长得很像，所以很难把他俩区分开来。
21. Hers is the story of a marriage based on a pairing of male ego and female submissiveness, the worldly expressions of which she finds disturbing. (Para. 7)
Her marriage is described as the pairing of male pride and female obedience, and this kind of inaccurate shallow expression upsets her.
ego: n. [C] self; part of the mind that reacts to reality and has a sense of individuality 自我 Skinner has a big ego and always feels superior to others. 斯金纳很自高自大，总觉得自己比别人优越。
I am glad that she got the job, which can boost her ego and superiority complex. 我很高兴她得到了那份工作，这能增强她的自信心和优越感。
submissiveness: n. [U] trait of being willing to yield to the will of another person or a superior force etc. 服从，顺从
Her mother is a woman with submissiveness. 她母亲是个顺从的女人。
The stereotype that submissiveness is the typical feature of Chinese women is false. 认为逆来顺受是中国妇女特质的模式化观念是错误的。 worldly: a.
1) relating to the practical rather than the spiritual aspects of life 世俗的；尘世的 They were ambitious for worldly power and possessions. 他们有追逐世俗权势和财富的野心。
Members of the church tried to isolate themselves from worldly influences. 教会成员试图把自己和世俗的影响隔离开来。
2) (of person) having a lot of experience and knowledge of life 老于世故的；善于处世的 Marilyn is a worldly New Yorker in her 60s. 玛丽莲是个60多岁、见多识广的纽约人。
Teenagers today are much worldlier than I ever was. 当今的青少年比我那时候世故得多。
He combined curious qualities of naivety with incisive wit and worldly sophistication. 他集天真质朴的好奇、锐利的机智和老练的世故于一体。
22. relegate (Para. 7): vt. consign or dismiss to an inferior position 把„„降级，把„„置于次要
地位
I was relegated to the kids‟ table for Thanksgiving. 我被降格安排到孩子们的桌子吃感恩节大餐。
I used to be the chairperson‟s right arm, but now I am relegated to the role of an ordinary
assistant.
我曾是主席的得力助手，但现在我已经降到普通助手的位置了。
23. This is an early cause of dissent in the Hawking household, making Jane feel she has
become “little more than a drudge, effectively reduced to that role which in Cambridge
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academic circles epitomized a woman‟s place”. (Para. 7)
This is an early cause of argument in the Hawking family. It makes Jane feel her role in the family has become merely a har laborer, the role that is well expected of women in Cambridge academic circles. dissent:
n. [U] difference, esp. from the established or official opinion 异议（尤指对已确认的观点或官方观点）
He banned political parties and crushed dissent. 他取缔政党，压制不同意见。
The arrests are part of a government effort to suppress political dissent. 逮捕一些人是政府消除政治分歧的一种手段。
When the time came to approve the proposal, there were one or two voices of dissent. 到了要批准这项建议的时候，出现了一两声异议。
vi. express strong disagreement, esp. with what people in authority think or with what most people think 不同意，强烈反对（尤指权威观点或多数人的想法） He dares to dissent from the authority‟s view. 他敢于质疑权威的观点。
Anyone wishing to dissent from the motion should now raise their hand. 任何人想表示对动议有异议的，现在请举手。
Four of the panel‟s members dissented from the majority‟s opinion. 四名委员对大多数人的观点持有异议。
little more than: no more than, nothing more than 只不过；不过是„„而已 Aid to the Third World is at present little more than a drop in the ocean. 目前对第三世界的援助不过是杯水车薪。
His all worldly possessions amounted to little more than the clothes he stood up in. 他在人世间的全部财产，除了身上所穿的外，别无他物。
effectively:ad. used to describe what you see as the real facts of the situation, in fact实际上，事实上
This means that effectively we have no chance of finishing on time. 这意味着我们实际上没有可能准时完成。
He is leader in name only: his deputy has effectively taken over.
他不过是个名义上的领导, 他的副手实际上已取而代之。
epitomize: vt. make or be a perfect example of (a quality etc.) 成为„„的代表， 作为„„的典型
Singapore‟s Changi airport epitomizes the state‟s efficiency. 新加坡的樟宜机场是该国效率的典型范例。
With little equipment and unsuitable footwear, she epitomizes the inexperienced and unprepared mountain walker.
她所带的必需品很少，穿的鞋也不合适，正是没有经验又准备不足的山区步行者的典型。 24. Cruelly, her husband‟s fame and his disease seem to progress in tandem; his body ever
more wasted as his celebrity increases. (Para. 8)
Harshly, it seems that her husband‟s reputation and his disease develop at the same time. His body becomes much thinner and weaker as his fame increases.
fame:n. [U] (condition of) being known or talked about by many people 名声；声望；名誉
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He rose to fame in the British cinema of the early sixties. 他在60年代初的英国电影界一举成名。
Jack has always been a lucky dog. Fame and fortune have come easily to him. 杰克总是很走运，轻而易举地名利双收。 in tandem:
1) with something or at the same time as something happens 同时地；协力地 The two systems are designed to work in tandem. 这两套系统是为同步工作而设计的。
He and his wife run the business in tandem. 他和妻子共同经营这生意。
Scientists from these two universities are working in tandem on this project. 这两所大学的科学家正在合作开展这个项目。
As the times progress and society advances, the Tibetan language develops in tandem, with its vocabulary and grammar continuously enriching.
随着时代的进步和社会的发展，藏语文的词汇和语法得到不断充实、丰富和发展。 2) one behind another 一前一后地; 排成纵列
The two bicycle riders are riding in tandem, dashing to the finish line in the Tour de France. 两名自行车手正一前一后地骑车向环法自行车赛的终点线冲刺。 Horses harnessed in tandem are ready to pull the cart. 前后串套着的马已备好了准备拉车。
wasted: a. looking extremely thin and weak, esp. because they are ill （尤指因生病而）
十分瘦弱的
Disease made his body wasted.
疾病使他身体衰弱。
His body is ever more wasted than it used to. 他的身体比以前虚弱多了。
Underneath the hospital blankets I could see the outline of her poor wasted body. 在病床毯子下，我看得出她那可怜的被病魔耗空的躯壳轮廓。 celebrity: n.
1) [U] fame, state of being famous名声；名望 Unlike many actors, he never enjoyed his celebrity. 和许多演员不同的是，他从不喜欢出名。 He enjoys lots of celebrity as a superstar. 他作为一名超级明星很有名望。
Joanna has finally made it to the first rank of celebrity after 25 years as an actress. 当了25年的演员后，乔安娜终于跻身一流明星之列。
2) [C] someone who is famous, esp. in the entertainment business 名人，名流 The hotel is well-known for its celebrity guests. 这家饭店因有明星入住而闻名遐迩。
In 1944, at the age of 30, Hersey became a celebrity overnight. 1944年，30岁的赫西一夜成名。
25. transform from… into… (Para.8): completely change the appearance or character of somebody / something 完全改变某事物/某人的外观或特性 18
She used to be terribly shy, but a year abroad has completely transformed her into a talkative and extroverted girl.
她过去十分腼腆, 但在国外呆了一年以后完全变成了一个健谈的、外向的女孩。
The teacher is using transparencies to illustrate the process by which caterpillars are transformed into butterflies.
老师正在用幻灯片来演示毛虫变为蝴蝶的过程。
26. maternal (Para. 8): a. relating to a mother or to being a mother; motherly 母亲的；母亲般的 Her feelings towards him were almost maternal. 她对他的感情是近乎母亲般的。
Maternal smoking can damage the unborn child.
母亲吸烟可能会对尚未出生的婴儿造成不良影响。
She felt that he had escaped her, and was in the maternal nest no more. 她觉得他与她越来越疏远，不再靠在母亲的怀抱中了。
27. That this development might be fatal to the marriage is obvious, although Jane hopes in vain for a new kind of relationship, based on intellectual companionship. (Para. 8)
It is clear that this development can be disastrous to the marriage, even though Jane hopes uselessly for a new kind of relationship that is focused on academic company. fatal: a.
1) with very serious negative effects on something 毁灭性的；灾难性的 This loss could prove fatal to their championship hopes. 这次失败可能会毁了他们夺冠的希望。
We all counted on him to lead us to win this game, but his illness was fatal to our plans. 我们都指望他带领我们赢得这场比赛，但是他生病后我们的计划就落空了。 2) causing someone to die or ending in death 致命的
That desperate criminal gave a police sergeant the fatal stabbing. 那个穷凶极恶的罪犯刺了一名警官致命一刀。
A hospital spokesman said she had suffered a fatal heart attack. 医院发言人说她死于心脏病发作。 vain: a.
1) useless, fruitless, futile无效的，无结果的，徒劳的 He made funny faces in a vain attempt to cheer her up. 他做鬼脸想让她高兴，但却徒劳无功。
The drafting committee worked through the night in a vain effort to finish the constitution on schedule.
起草委员会为按计划完成宪法而通宵未眠，但结果是白费力气。
2) having too high an opinion of one‟s looks, abilities, etc; conceited 自负的；爱虚荣的 She played a role as a vain and vulgar woman in the film. 她在这部电影里扮演了一个爱慕虚荣庸俗的女人。 I think he is shallow, vain and untrustworthy. 我认为他浅薄、虚荣、不可信任。
in vain: without success in spite of efforts 没有成功，徒劳 We walked a couple of blocks, looking in vain for a cab. 我们走了两三个街区寻找出租车，但没找到。
Workers tried in vain to keep the building from collapsing.
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工人们努力不让该建筑物倒塌，但没有成功。 intellectual:
n. [C] someone who is well educated and interested in art, science, literature, etc. at an advanced level 知识分子
Intellectuals launched a united movement against the government. 知识分子发动了抵制政府的联合运动。
Former Soviet intellectuals helped change the political climate of the country. 前苏联的知识分子促进了该国家政治气候的改变。
a. 1) well educated and interested in art, science, literature, etc. at an advanced level 才华横溢 的；才智超群的
They were very intellectual and witty. 他们聪明而机智诙谐。
This think tank is made up of several intellectual elites. 这个智囊团由一些知识分子精英组成。
2) of or appealing to the intellect 智力的；使用智力的
It is of great significance to attach importance to the intellectual development of children. 重视孩童的智力发展非常重要。
It is not just a comedy but an intellectual film.
这不仅仅是一部喜剧，而且还是一部发人深思的电影。 companionship:n. [U] relationship you have with a good friend who spends a lot of time with you伴侣关系，同伴关系
I had to change car and lost the companionship of a well-informed newspaper man. 我不得不换车，这样就不能再与那位消息灵通的新闻记者结伴同行了。 Mrs. Greene keeps dogs for companionship and security. 格林太太养狗是为了有伴和安全。
28. This unusual arrangement is disrupted not by Jane‟s decision to leave Stephen for her lover,
which she insists was never her intention, but her husband‟s eventual abandonment of her for one of his nurses. (Para. 8)
The odd arrangement did not come to an end because of Jane‟s leaving her husband for her lover
but because of her husband‟s leaving her for one of his nurses. And Jane insists that she didn‟t mean to leave Stephen for her lover. disrupt: vt.
1) interrupt the continuity of 使中断
The strike is expected to delay and disrupt flights from Britain. 预计罢工会延误和中断来自英国的航班。
Bus services will be disrupted tomorrow because of the bridge closure. 明日公共汽车将因大桥停止通行而受影响。
2) make it difficult for something to continue in the normal way 使混乱
An accident has disrupted railway services into and out of the city. 一场事故使得进出城市的铁路交通陷入混乱。
A crowd of anti-war demonstrators succeeded in disrupting the meeting. 一群反战示威者们成功地扰乱了会场。
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29. What is suggestive, however, is her overwhelming need to believe in something — either
God, whose existence is denied by Stephen, or that form of authority represented by her genius husband. (Para. 9)
However, what is indicated is her strong need for belief. The belief is either God whose existence is refused by Stephen, or the type of authority that is represented by her smart husband.
suggestive: a. putting particular ideas or associations into somebody‟s mind 暗示的；引起联想的
The sounds were suggestive of whales calling to each other. 这些声音使人联想起鲸的互相呼唤。
In the middle of the picture is a shape suggestive of a flying bird. 图片的中间是一个能令人联想到一个飞翔的鸟的图形。 overwhelming:a.
1) (of emotion) very strong, often so strong that someone cannot think or behave normally （感情）强烈的，无法抗拒的
an overwhelming victory 极大的胜利 I had the overwhelming desire to get up and leave. 我极想起身离开。
She had an overwhelming urge to play computer games. 她有一种难以克制的冲动去打电脑游戏。
The task won‟t feel so overwhelming if you break it down into small, easy-to-accomplish
steps.
如果将这个任务细分为简单易行的若干步骤来做，便不会感到如此困难。
2) much larger, stronger, more important, etc. than anything else in a situation 压倒性的 An overwhelming majority of the members are women. 成员中的绝大多数是女性。
An overwhelming majority voted against his proposal, which was a big blow to him. 压倒多数的人投票反对他的提案，这对他来说是个沉重打击。
The overwhelming majority of small businesses go broke within the first twenty-four months. 绝大多数小企业在头24个月内就破产了。 genius: n.
1) [C] person with exceptional intellectual or creative power or other natural ability or tendency天才
Bach‟s Magnificat is clearly the work of a genius. 巴赫的《圣母颂》显然是天才之作。
You don‟t have to be a genius to see that they are in love! 傻子也能看出来他们相爱了！ Genius is one percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration. 天才是1%的灵感，99%的汗水。
2) [U] exceptional intellectual or creative power or other natural ability or tendency 天赋；创造能力
Kimble has a genius for motivating his employees to work hard and make contribution to the company.
金布尔有激发员工努力工作，为公司做贡献的天赋。
She is born with special sort of genius; her teachers recognized it early on.
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她与众不同的天赋与生俱来；她的老师很早就发现了。 30. no longer (Para. 9): not any more 不再 Full-length coats are no longer the vogue. 长外套不再流行了。
His parents no longer have any real influence over him. 他的父母对他不再有任何真正的约束力了。
He will no longer touch the secret anguish in his heart. 他再也不想碰这内心的隐痛了。
The General no longer confided in him as he used to, and no longer lectured him. 将军再也不像以前那样把他当作心腹了，不再给他讲大道理了。
31. faith (Para. 10): n. [U]
1) belief and trust in God（尤指宗教）信仰；信念
He‟s a man of deep religious faith. To him, God is everything. 他是个虔诚的宗教信徒。对他来说，上帝就是一切。
Her faith in God is unshakable. Whenever she encounters difficulties, she turns to God for help through prayers.
她对上帝的信仰是无法动摇的。她无论何时遇到困难，她总是借助祷告向上帝求助。 2) strong feeling of trust or confidence in someone or something 信任；信心 The public has quite simply lost faith in the political process. 公众对政治进程已完全失去信心。
Seeing how people worked together after the hurricane has restored my faith in human nature. 看到人们在飓风之后的齐心协力让我恢复了对人性的信心。 32. namely (Para. 10):ad. that is to say; in other words 即；也就是说
Some groups, namely students and pensioners, will benefit from the newly-enacted law. 有些群体，即学生和领退休金的人，将从新制定的法律中受益。 One group of people seems to be forgotten, namely the poor. 有一类人也就是那些穷人，似乎被遗忘了。
33. “I would not have been able to marry Stephen in the first place because I wouldn‟t have
had the optimism to carry me through and I wouldn‟t have been able to carry on with it.” (Para. 10)
“I would not have been able to marry Stephen at the very beginning because I wouldn‟t have had the power to go through this difficult and unpleasant situation, and I wouldn‟t have been able to maintain our marriage, either.” in the first place:
1) before now, in the beginning, earlier起初，从一开始，早些时候
I should never have believed your words in the first place. And now I only have myself to blame.
我当初本不应该相信你的话。到如今我只能怪我自己。 Why didn‟t you tell me the truth in the first place? 为什么你起初不告诉我真相呢？
2) To begin with, firstly (used when making points in an argument) （用于列举理由时）首先，第一点
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In the first place, more and more children are addicted to foreign snacks, which contain too much fat. The second place, they hardly ever take part in physical exercises. So there are many overweighted children in present society.
首先，越来越多的小孩嗜好国外脂肪含量很高的零食。其次，他们很少运动。因此，现代社会里存在很多超重小孩。
In the first place, I would like to quote an old saying to support my argument. 首先，我想引用一句古话来支持我的论点。
optimism: n. [U] inclination to hopefulness and confidence 乐观
We had better have a mood of cautious optimism when dealing with this kind of hot potato. 当处理这种棘手问题时，我们最好具备谨慎乐观的心态。
Chinese Prime Minister has expressed optimism about China‟s future relations with the US. 中国总理对未来中美关系表示乐观。
carry sb. through: make it possible for someone to deal successfully with trouble or a difficult and unpleasant situation 帮助某人度过难关(或麻烦)等 His courage will carry him through the difficulties. 他的勇气将帮他度过困难。
In the end, it was her passionate belief in justice that carried her through.
最后是她对公正的热忱信念帮助她度过难关。
34. When Jane reflects on her life since the separation and divorce, she sounds a little
directionless in spite of her own happy second marriage. (Para. 11)
When Jane looks at her life since the departing and divorce, she seems to be a little lost regardless of her own happy second marriage.
35. be willing to (Para. 11): be ready to do something; do something gladly and without being
forced 主动地；乐意去做某事；心甘情愿做某事 He was willing to lay down his life for his country. 他愿意为祖国牺牲他的生命。
I am willing to accept every item on the list.
我愿意接受单子上所有的条款。 Considering our long relations, we are willing to waive the claim. 考虑到我们多年的关系，我们自愿放弃索赔。
As the job market is very tight this year, he will be willing to settle less. 因为今年的就业市场不景气，所以他甘愿接受低于期望值的职位。
36. She has strived to support his academic career by sacrificing academic interests of her own.
(Para. 11)
She has tried her best to support his academic career at the cost of giving up her own academic interests.
strive: vi. make a very great effort, usu. over a long period of time, to get it or to do it 努力，力争
After surviving last accident, he strives hard to keep himself very fit. 从上次事故中劫后余生后，他努力使自己保持健康。
Mr. Annan said that the region must now strive for economic development as well as peace. 安南先生说该地区现在必须为经济发展与和平而奋斗。
37. Maybe this depressing ending turned out to be what she doesn‟t deserve. (Para. 11)
Perhaps she ought not to suffer this kind of miserable ending.
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depressing: a.making you feel very unhappy and disappointed 令人忧愁的，使人沮丧的 a depressing sight / prospect / film 令人沮丧的景象/前景/影片 This makes me recall the most depressing day of last year. 这让我回想起了去年那个最令人沮丧的一天。
The chief problem was to find how to prevent surpluses from depressing domestic prices. 首要问题是设法防止由于产品过剩而使国内价格下降。
ending: n. [C] way, esp. story, film, play or word, etc. finishes（尤指故事、 电影、 戏剧或 词语等的）结尾, 结局
a story with a happy ending 结局圆满的故事
I quite enjoyed the book but found the ending rather tame. 我很爱看那本书, 只是结尾颇觉逊色。
It was so complicated that I could neither made a beginning nor ending of them in words. 它太复杂了，以至于我无法把它的来龙去脉用言语说出来。 turn out: prove to be in the result or end结果是；证明是 She turned out to be a friend of my sister. 她原来是我妹妹的朋友。
The job turned out to be harder than we thought. 这工作结果比我们想的要难。
It looked like rain this morning, but it has turned out to be a fine day.
今早看起来要下雨，结果是个好天。 It turned out that this country is resorting to force to handle this issue. 结果证明这个国家正在诉诸武力来解决这个问题。
38. But when it comes to love, it is very complicated and it is very hard to distinguish right
from wrong. (Para. 11)
But regarding love, it is not that simple and it is very difficult to tell who is right and who is wrong.
when it comes to: concerning, regarding, when the subject comes up当涉及到，当谈到
When it comes to my motoring conviction, my wife can‟t help throwing it in my face every time. 每当谈到我开车违章判罪一事时，我妻子就会忍不住拿此事责备我。 He‟s no expert when it comes to cooking. 要说到烹饪他可不是个行家里手。
complicated: a. difficult to do, deal with, or understand, esp. because of involving a lot of different processes or aspects 复杂的，难懂的 The situation in Lebanon is very complicated. 黎巴嫩的情况十分复杂。
A very complicated voting system is not popular with citizens. 非常复杂的选举体制不受民众的欢迎。
The tax laws are so complicated that only an expert can provide enlightenment. 税务法非常复杂，只有专家才能解释清楚。
Part III Guided Writing
Writing an Expository Paragraph
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Exposition is a form of writing whose main purpose is to explain. Unlike narration which tells what happens and description which tells how something looked or felt or sounded, expository writing explains something by dealing with processes and relationships of things. While narration follows time order and description follows space order, exposition follows logical order. In general, expository writing answers the questions of how? and why?
Histories, philosophies, literary essays, theories of economics, studies of government and law, the findings of sociology, the investigations of science—all these, however different they may be, have their same purpose to explain, i.e., to expose, meaning “to reveal”. Although the expository writing is formal and academic, it also appears in magazines and newspapers, in any place where people look for explanations. It is the most common kind of writing, the sort with which we conduct our workday affairs—the business letter, the doctor‟s case study, the engineer‟s report, the analysis in college courses, compositions and research papers—and the writing with which we attempt to control our world, whether our means in doing so is a complicated system of philosophy or an easy cook book. All in all, it is a wide net.
The main types of exposition are exemplification, process analysis, cause and effect, definition, classification, and comparison and contrast, etc.
Key to Exercise
The topic sentences of Number 1, 3, 5, and 6 are suitable for expository writings while the topic sentence of Number 2 and 4 are not.
Now You Try It
The complete paragraph goes like this:
Being the oldest child of five, I had the greatest number of household responsibilities. Whenever my parents needed help from work around the house, I was the one they asked. Washing the clothes, vacuuming the house, doing the dishes, keeping the room clean — all these were my chores. My parents knew that they could trust me to do the work well. Often I was the babysitter for my two brothers and two sisters. My mother worked two jobs and my dad stayed late at the office. Many nights I cooked dinner and supervised my sisters‟ and brothers‟ homework. I resented the time I spent doing housework. Overall, these responsibilities prepared me for adulthood.
Part IV Key to Exercises
II.
1. A school friend said that Stephen was suffering from „some terrible, paralyzing, incurable disease‟, which was known as motor neurone disease.
2. Because Jane facilitated him to break out of his depression and regenerate some belief in his life and work. She changed his life. She gave him something to look forward to and made him determined to survive.
3. She loved Stephen so much that nothing could deter her from wanting to marry him.
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4. The title is Music to Move the Stars. What is striking about her account of their courtship is her readiness to marry someone with such a grim diagnosis, whose physical condition was deteriorating before her eyes.
5. It is that in Cambridge, and at conferences all over the world, physicists gather in excited groups, while their wives are relegated to the status of second-class citizens.
6. The development that Jane is gradually transformed from his wife into his nurse, her functions becoming “maternal rather than marital”, might be fatal to the marriage.
7. She responds by finding a friend and lover, a musician who is accepted into the household. 8. Stephen abandoned Jane for one of his nurses.
9. She overwhelmingly needs to believe in either God, whose existence is denied by Stephen, or that form of authority represented by her genius husband.
10. Jane Hawking is a Christian. Her faith in God pulls her through.
III.
1. intellectual 2. ambition 3. genius 4. facilitate 5. symptom
6. deteriorates 7. submissiveness 8. illustration 9. resembles 10. fulfil
11. Decent 12. Optimism 13. Depression 14. complicated 15. decline IV. 1. taken up
2. in tandem
3. by comparison with
4.
make a difference 5. transformed turned out 9. take on deter
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6. in vain 7. in the first place 8.
10. combined 11. on the scene 12.
13. break out of 14. carry ...through V. 1. 1) horrified horrifyingly 2. 1) determine 3. 1) devote 4.
1) astonishes 2) astonished 3) astonishing 4) astonishment
5) astonishingly VI. 1. carefree
2. interest-free 6. wireless
3. meaningless 7. heartless
4. helpless
2) devoted
3) devotedly 4) devotion
2) determined 3) determination 2) horrified
3) horror
4) horrifying
5)
5. duty-free VII.
8. timeless
1. The doctors were working very hard to keep this patient who was badly injured alive.
2. She is living proof that anyone can succeed in this business.
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3. That is a live fish. If treated properly, it can still live for a few days. 4. The street was alive with the sound of children playing at Christmas. 5. This DVD consists of the live coverage of this music band’s second World Tour
Concert. VIII. 1. live 2. alive 3. living monument 4. living language 5. living things IX.
1. I would not have succeeded
2. the ship would have arrived on time last night 3. can you imagine what the world would be like
4. all of the vegetation and animals on the earth would / could die soon 5. thousands of families would have become innocent victims X.
1. It is difficult for the colleagues to get along well with this quick-tempered man. 2. It is easy for these experts to fulfill this task.
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3. It is impossible for me to fulfill this difficult project.
4. It is hard for me to understand this article because I don’t have background knowledge of special terms.
5. It is convenient for us to go shopping by taking the free supermarket bus. XI.
1. He was looking forward to taking on heavy responsibilities together with the new assistant.
2. It never rains but it pours. Two bad things happened to him in tandem. 3. In order to raise his public profile, he is willing to let work take up all of his time.
4. Family’s support, friends’ help and his own determination carried him through the crisis.
5. By comparison with that of other countries, the price of electronic products made in Japan is lower.
6. Things haven’t been the same since multimedia computers came on the scene. 7. We would have finished the job long ago if we had listened to him in the first place.
8. Zhang Haidi strived to break out of her physical boundaries, and was determined to have positive influence on others with her optimism. 9. Without your help, the party would have not turned out to be so successful. 10. It is hard to make me determined to do something, but once it does, nothing can
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deter me from doing it.
11. He strived to clear himself of the suspicion but it turned out that he did it in vain.
Part V Translation
王尔德对霍金的爱
1 1965年，当简·王尔德和一个名叫史蒂芬·霍金的年轻研究生结婚时，她就已经知道他病得很严重了。几年前就有一位校友曾透露说史蒂芬正饱受“某种严重的、致人瘫痪的不治之症”的折磨。这种对于运动神经元疾病的描述在当时可以说是很恰当的，而在很久以后《时间简史》的闻名于世和史蒂芬与这种疾病的抗争这两件事才让公众对它有所瞩目。 2 毫无疑问，简·王尔德的出现，对于史蒂芬·霍金的人生是个重大的转折点。他们两个人开始频繁地见面，并培养了深厚的感情。简的出现帮助他摆脱了消沉的情绪，重新激发了他对生活和工作的某种信念。对于霍金来说，他与简的婚约可能是他有生以来最重要的事。这场婚姻改变了他的生活，给予了他希望，并让他下定决心活下去。如果没有简所给予的帮助，他几乎不可能继续活下去，甚至没有活下去的意志。
3 他们于1965年7月结婚。霍金自己曾说他人生的真正转折点是与一位叫简·王尔德的女人定了婚，这给了他活下去的希望。
4 在简所撰写的回忆录 ——《感动星星的音乐》中她对于他们恋爱时期的描述让我们印象深刻的是她写到 —— 她乐于嫁给一个患有严重疾病，身体健康状况正在她面前逐渐恶化的男人。史蒂芬的父亲坦诚地对她说，他儿子的生命将会是短暂的，“他履行婚姻义务的能力”也会很短暂，所以建议她尽快要孩子。史蒂芬的母亲也试着提醒她即将到来的可怕的病状，但是简婉拒了她的善意提醒。 5 她写道：“我回答说我宁愿对那些病况预测的细节一无所知，因为我非常爱史蒂芬。没有什么可以阻挡我嫁给他。我要为他洗衣做饭，购置家用，为他营造一个家，我会放弃自己之前的所有志向，因为那些与我现在面临的挑战相比都已经毫不重要了。” 我们不难下这样的结论：对于还没有从大学毕业的简来说，她根本没有意识到自己正要担负起什么。虽然史蒂芬与步步逼近的“死刑判决”做着顽强的抗争，并且今天依然活着，但身体状况仍在不断恶化。
6 她决心照顾他的生活，并且为他创造工作环境，以便让他继续研究史无前例的黑洞理论。她在书中对这一部分的描述占的篇幅很大，而对他们最终分手的描述的笔墨相对要少得多。如果说霍金与病魔抗争这一行为是英勇无畏的，那么简照顾好越来越耗费她时间和精力的丈夫以及三个孩子的决心也可谓如此。尽管她的行文像圣诞贺卡上有关家庭近况的描述那样平淡，但她给世人的形象却是端庄而坦诚。
7 这是一个自负的男人与一个顺从的女人相结合的婚姻故事，这种世俗的说法令她感到不安。在剑桥，在全世界各大讨论会上，物理学家们齐聚一堂，而他们的妻子却被降级到二等公民的行列。这便是霍金一家早期产生意见分歧的原因，简觉得自己的身份已经被贬低到和苦工没什么区别的地步，剑桥学术圈内女人的地位集中体现在了她的身上。
8 尽管如此，她仍旧设法把孩子抚养成人，甚至拿到了她的博士学位。残酷的是，他丈夫的名望和疾病的恶化好像是并驾齐驱的。随着他的名望的步步高升，他的身体状况却每况愈
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下。简的角色从妻子渐渐变成了护士，起的作用也从“妻子”变成了“母亲”。 很明显这样的发展对于他们的婚姻来说是毁灭性的。虽然简曾经试图把他们的关系重新定位于学术伙伴，但却都是徒劳的。令人吃惊的是这个拥有传统背景和基督信仰的女人，选择了以找一个朋友也是情人的方式，来应付这种家庭关系的窘迫。这个音乐家情人被她的家里人所接受。然而这种非同寻常的安排却未能长久，而这并非是因为简为了自己的情人而离开史蒂芬，她一直坚持说从没有过这样的意图，而是她的丈夫最终因他的护士而抛弃了她。
9 对于某些读者来说，她依然爱自己丈夫这个答案也许已经足够了，但这其中暗含着她对于信仰的强烈需要，这个信仰或许是被史蒂芬否定存在的上帝，也或许是她的天才丈夫所代表的某种权威。就在他们的婚姻关系破裂之前，她向一名记者透露，她已经不再能帮助他走向成功，而是“告诉霍金他并不是上帝”。
10 简·霍金是个基督徒。她在1986年时曾经这样说过，“如果没有对上帝的信仰，我绝对没有能力在如此的境况下生活，”也就是指她丈夫病情日趋恶化的状况。“我当初也不可能嫁给史蒂芬，因为没有信仰，我根本就不能乐观地去承受这一切，也没有能力去维持这段婚姻。” 11 当简回忆起他们分居继而离婚的那段日子时，她总是显得有些无所适从，尽管她的第二次婚姻很美满。她爱过史蒂芬，并且依然爱着他。她愿意终生为他奉献自己的全部。她全力地支持他的学术事业，不惜牺牲自己的学术兴趣。也许这个令人沮丧的结局本不该是她所应有的。但是，爱情这个问题本身就很复杂，而且很难区分对错。
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Unit Two
True Love
Section B
The Ultimate Diva‟s Romance
PART I Background Information
1. Celine Dion: Rising from humble beginnings in the small town of Charlemagne, Quebec, Celine Dion became one of the biggest international stars in pop music history, selling more than 100 million albums worldwide. She recorded six albums between 1992 and 1996, when her album Falling Into You took her to a new level of stardom. The recording was a runaway hit, winning Grammys for both Album of the Year and Best Pop Album. 1996 also brought her another honor; she was asked to perform at the opening ceremonies of the Atlanta Olympics. In early 2002, Dion announced a three-year, 600-show contract to appear five nights a week in an entertainment extravaganza at Caesers Palace, Las Vegas called A New Day and returned to the public eye in March 2002 with A New Day Has Come.
2. People (People Weekly): People was first published in March 1974 with a national perspective on celebrity and popular culture. People is a valuable source to find out what‟s happening in Hollywood and cultural trends affecting Americans today. With news stories accompanied by photographs People has all you need to stay plugged into pop culture trends. Topics include a heavy emphasis on celebrity news and reports, in addition to stories relating to nationwide events and occurrences as well as medical and technological advancements affecting our culture today. People is best known for its annual publication of the “50 Most Beautiful People”.
3. Grammy Award: The Grammy Awards is the recording industry‟s most prestigious award and the only peer-presented award to honor artistic achievement, technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry, without regard to album sales or chart position. A Grammy is awarded by the Recording Academy‟s voting membership to honor excellence in the recording arts and sciences. The Grammy Awards has 28 fields (Pop, Gospel, Classical etc.) and 101 categories within those fields. It is telecast annually to an international audience of over 2 billion in 180
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countries.
4. Las Vegas: Las Vegas (often abbreviated as “Vegas”) is the most populous city in the state of Nevada, United States, and the seat of Clark County. As an ever-changing fantasy-land of a city, Vegas has seen unbelievable expansion since it emerged from the desert 100 years ago. If you are at all familiar with Las Vegas, you know that the number one item on everybody‟s list there is gambling. You can find anything to gamble on and someone to gamble with somewhere in Las Vegas. And if you‟ve ever spent time in any of the casinos in Las Vegas you‟ll already know that the flow of money back and forth over tables is not interrupted by somebody‟s wedding ceremony. There are private casinos in most of the major hotels on the strip that will allow certain guests, celebrities and high rollers to have their ceremony in these rooms that are not open to the public.
PART II Language Study
1. As Celine Dion‟s career blossomed, so did her feelings for her much older manager, Rene Angelil. (Para. 1)
With Celine Dion‟s profession gradually reaching its height, she fell deeper and deeper in love with her manager, Rene Angelil, who was much older than her. blossom: vi.
1) mature, thrive, develop and become more successful 发展, 成熟；繁荣，兴旺
That small fishing village where he was born has gradually blossomed into an important port. 他出生的小渔村已逐渐发展成为一个重要的港口。
Romance blossoms on the internet, but there is still public concern about the safety of online dating.
网恋发展得很快，但公众还是很关心网恋的安全性。
The town has blossomed into the country‟s most popular beach resort. 这个城镇已经发展成为该国最受欢迎的海滨度假胜地。 2) produce flowers 开花
The apple trees blossom in spring and are laden with fruit in autumn. 苹果树春天开花，到秋天果实累累。
The roses in the park are blossoming out early this year, which attracts many tourists. 公园里的玫瑰很早就开花了，吸引了许多游客。
2. He was a protector, her knight in shining armor, a father figure, a manager. (Para. 1)
He protected her, like a knight in a fairy tale with shining armor. He is also like a father, a manager to her.
3. In Celine‟s eyes, Rene is considerate, strong, steady, determined, ambitious, and enterprising, with whom she has always experienced the feeling of being loved and cared; with whom she has gone through ups and downs; with whom she has shared happiness and bitterness; with whom she has shared tears and laughter … (Para. 1)
In Celine‟s eyes, Rene is thoughtful, strong, stable, determined, motivated, and a self-starter. With him she has always felt loved and cared for. They have gone through good times and bad times. They have shared joy and sadness, tears and laughter …
considerate: a. always thinking of other people‟s wishes and feelings 关切的，体贴的 He was considerate of everyone. 他对大家都很体贴。
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We young people should be considerate of the comfort of old people. 我们年轻人应该为老年人的舒适着想。
It was considerate of you to try not to make noise while I was asleep. 在我睡觉时，你尽力不发出声响, 真是体贴入微。
go through: experience something, esp. an unpleasant or difficult one 经历（苦痛） South Africa was going through a period of irreversible change. 南非正在经历不可逆转的变革时期。
He is going through a very difficult time, and it is a must for me to stay beside him and get him through the tough period.
他正在经历艰难时期。我必须留下来陪在他身边和他一起度过难关。
ups and downs: alternating periods of good and bad fortune, experiences or spirits that happen in any situation or relationship 沉浮，兴衰
Her life was a series of ups and downs, which was both comic and pathetic. 她的生活里充满了一系列大起大落，又喜又悲的沉浮。
Like most married couples we‟ve had our ups and downs, but life‟s like that. 像大多数的夫妻一样，我俩的婚姻波折迭起，但生活就是这样。
4. As time passed by, Celine Dion scored another hit with “When I Fall in Love,” a cut from 1993‟s “The Color of My Love” that became the theme to the film, “Sleepless in Seattle.” (Para. 2)
As time went by, Celine Dion had another success with “When I Fall in Love”. This song was taken from 1993‟s song named “The Color of My Love”, and went on becoming the theme to the film named “Sleepless in Seattle”. hit:
n. [C] something that is very popular and successful, a success 受欢迎的（成功的）事物； 成功
The song became a massive hit in 1945.
这首歌曲在1945年非常流行。 The American sitcom — Friends has made a hit.
美国情景喜剧——《老友记》风靡一时，受到普遍的欢迎。 His new novel is making a great hit with the reading public. 他的新小说大受读者欢迎。
vt. have a bad effect on somebody or something 产生不良影响。 The tax increases will certainly hit the poor.
增税肯定会加重穷人的负担。
Inflation and price increases hit everyone‟s pocket and people‟s confidence in economy. 通货膨胀和物价上涨冲击了每个人的钱袋以及人们对经济的信心。 Tsunami hit this poor country and its rural areas had been worst hit by it. 海啸袭击了这个贫穷的国家，对农村地区的影响最大。 v. discover or meet esp. by chance 偶然遇见，偶然发现，突然想到
When she said that to me, suddenly it hit me how I was gonna get back at her. 当她对我那么说的时候，我忽然想到了报复她的方法。
Manager General hit on / upon a win-win solution which finally got us out of our difficulty. 总经理想出了一个双赢的解决办法，最终使我们摆脱了困境。 theme: n. [C]
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1) short melody which is repeated, expanded, etc. in a sonata or symphony主题，主旋律 The theme song to his latest album is a hit, and it is also my favorite. 他的最新唱片中的主题曲非常流行，也是我的最爱。
This pianist took the challenge to play the theme from this household movie. 这位钢琴师接受挑战演奏这部家喻户晓的电影的主题曲。
2) subject or topic of a talk, book, etc. （讲话或书中等的）话题，题目，主题 The novel‟s central theme is the perpetual conflict between men and women. 小说的主题是男人和女人之间永恒的冲突。
The need to strengthen the family has been a recurrent theme for this TV talk show. 要让家庭关系变得更加密切是这个电视脱口秀屡次涉及的主题。 5. terrific (Para. 2): a.
1) very great, wonderful非常好的，了不起的
This company aims at transforming terrific ideas into massive fortune. 这家公司旨在把极好的点子转化成巨大的财富。
All of the employees released pressure in their work through this vacation, and they all had a terrific time.
所有的雇员都通过这次假期释放了工作中的压力。他们都玩得开心极了。 2) very large 巨大的，极度的
All of a sudden there was a terrific bang and a flash of smoke. 突然，传来惊天动地一声响，还冒出一股烟。
In order to catch up with the fast pace of people‟s life, the new kind of train traveling at a terrific speed is to appear.
为了赶上人们生活的快节奏，一种速度极快的新型火车即将诞生。
6. And it holds up today, you play that record and it sounds just as good as it did 10 years ago. (Para. 2)
And it survives the test of time and is still popular; when you play that record and it sounds just as nice as it did 10 years ago.
hold up: remain strong or successful or in good condition 保持强大、成功；保持完好
They took for granted and thought no one could hold up under such hardship. But we carried it through.
他们想当然地以为没有人能忍受得住这种艰苦，但是我们还是挺过来了。
This is only a stopgap measure to stop the engine from leaking. I hope the repairs hold up until we can get to a garage.
这只是防止发动机漏油的权宜之计。我希望这样的修理能挺到我们到达修车厂之时。
7. Having kept their relationship a secret for five years, the 51-year-old manager and the 25-year-old pop star made a decision to leave a message in the liner notes for all to see. (Para. 3)
The 51-year-old manager and the 25-year-old pop star have kept their relationship secret for five years. They finally decided to write a note on the CD cover to tell everyone about it. liner: n. [C] piece of material used to cover the inside surface of something 衬里；衬垫 The liner of this dress is made of silk.
这条裙子的衬里是丝制的。
Liners can be added to the diaper, on the inside, for extra absorbency. 尿布里面还可以加衬垫来增加吸水性。
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8. album (Para. 3): n. [C]
1) record with several pieces by the same musician, singer （有同一人的几项演唱或演奏的）歌集唱片，专辑
The singer recorded her second album in Los Angeles after she came back from Europe. 这位歌手从欧洲回来后在洛杉矶录制了她的第二张专辑。
She has not put out a new album this year and the new one will come out next spring. 她今年没有出版新专辑，新专辑将在明年春天问世。
2) blank book in which a collection of photos, stamps, etc. can be kept 影集（邮册等） Can you show me your wedding album?
能把结婚相册给我看看吗？
I usually keep the photographs in an album, but my wife never does so. 我通常把照片放在相册里，但我妻子从来不这样做。
9. It‟s getting too powerful. Let me paint the truth and show you how I feel. (Para. 3)
My love for Rene is becoming too strong. Let me tell you the truth and show you how I feel. 10. Fans were anything but upset. (Para. 4)
Fans were not worried or unhappy at all.
anything but: used to emphasize that something is not the case绝对不是„„ There‟s no evidence that he threatened anyone to say anything but the truth. 没有证据能证明他事先威胁过任何人绝对不要说实话。
Action speaks louder than words. Judging from his behavior, we can know that he is anything but an enterprising leader.
事实胜于雄辩。由他的行为判断，我们能知道他绝对不是一个有抱负的领导。
11. On December 17, 1994, they lined the streets of Montreal hoping for a glimpse of Dion and Angelil on their wedding day. (Para. 4)
On December 17, 1994, fans queued and stood along the streets of Montreal. They wished to have a look at Dion and Angelil on their wedding day. glimpse:
n. [C] look at somebody or something for a very short time 瞥见；一瞥 A glimpse of her face will tell you that she is innocent. 只要看看她的脸就会明白，她是无辜的。
Some of the fans had waited 24 hours outside the five-star hotel to catch a glimpse of their idols.
为了瞅一眼他们的偶像，一些影迷已经在五星级酒店外等了24小时了。 vt. see somebody or something for a moment, but not very clearly 瞥见 She glimpsed a group of people standing on the bank of a river. 她瞥见站在河岸边的一群人。
I glimpsed her among the crowd before she disappeared from sight. 就在她即将消失在人群里之前，我瞥见了她。
We glimpsed the charming mountain views through the windows of our train. 我们从火车窗口瞥见了迷人的山色。
12. At the helm of the wedding was Dion‟s friend and former publicist, Mia Dumont, who said it was as if she was marrying off her own daughter. (Para. 4)
Mia Dumont, Dion‟s friend and ex-publicist, was in charge of the wedding. She said that it was as though she was arranging her own daughter‟s wedding.
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at the helm: in charge, or in the position of a leader 负责，掌管 He has been at the helm of this multinational corporation for 31 years. 他已经在这家跨国公司做了31年的高层领导。 At the helm of the strike is an experienced ex-general. 负责和领导此次罢工的是一个经验丰富的前任将军。
marry off: make certain that someone, esp. a female member of your family, gets married, or that they marry the person you have chosen为（某人）寻得配偶；嫁出女儿
She insists that she will not marry herself off to a poor man, no matter how deeply he loves her. 她说她决不会嫁给一个穷光蛋，不管他爱她有多深。
I shall be glad when the last of my daughters is married off, then I might have some peace of mind.
等我的最后一个女儿出嫁时我会高兴的，因为到那时，我也许会享受到一点安宁。
13. So I did something that I hope she will remember all her life. A fancy fairytale wedding. (Para. 4) So I arranged a wonderful and magic wedding like in the fairy tale. I hope she will remember
this throughout her life. fancy:
a. usually complicated, often in an unnecessary way不寻常的; 精致的 They added a lot of fancy footwork to the dance.
他们给这个舞蹈增加了许多复杂的舞步。
Many of the marathon runners compete in fancy dress.
许多马拉松选手身着奇装异服参加比赛。
n. [U] power of creating mental pictures 想像力（尤指对非现实的事物） I think he would come, but it‟s only a fancy of mine.
我想他会来的，不过这仅是我的幻想罢了。
It is not strange that children usually have a more lively fancy than adults. 儿童们往往比成人有更丰富的想象力，这一点不奇怪。
14. In 1997, “My Heart Will Go On,” the theme song from “Titanic,” cemented Celine Dion‟s status as a superb superstar. (Para. 5)
In 1997, “My Heart Will Go On,” the theme song from the movie “Titanic,” strengthened Celine Dion‟s position as an outstanding superstar.
cement: vt. make a relationship, idea etc. stronger or more certain巩固 Our holiday together cemented our friendship. 我们一起度假加强了我们的友谊。
Our object is to further cement trade relations between our two countries. 我们的目标是进一步加强两国之间的贸易关系。
The President‟s visit was intended to cement the alliance between the two countries. 总统的访问是为了加强两国间的联盟。 superb: a. first-class, of very good quality 极佳的，杰出的
It is a superb day for a walk. There isn‟t a cloud in the sky. 今天是适合散步的好天。空中一丝儿云彩都没有。
Marcus is undoubtedly one of the world‟s top players; his feel and timing are just superb. 马可斯毫无疑问是世界上最好的演奏者之一；他的乐感和节奏感棒极了。 15. At the end of 1999, Dion said goodbye to the spotlight. (Para. 5)
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At the end of 1999, Dion left the stage. spotlight:
n. situation in which you get a lot of public attention 公众瞩目 This used-to-be-popular music band is back in the spotlight. 这支过气的乐队组合重新成为大众关注的焦点。
This superstar got fed up with the spotlight and wanted to enjoy a plain life. 这位明星已厌倦了聚光灯华丽的光圈，想要享受普通平淡的生活。
This singer is a green-horn; he is eager to expose himself in the spotlight and tries very hard to steal others‟ thunder.
这位歌手是个新人。他非常渴望大家的关注，并竭力去抢别人的风头。 vt. make people notice and focus on 使大家关注；使大家的目光聚焦
The article spotlights the difficulties of the handicapped. 这篇文章突出报道了残疾人的困难。
Let me introduce a new book spotlighting female entrepreneurs to you. 让我介绍一本关注女企业家的书给你。
16. Her final concert before her interval culminated 20 years of her music business. (Para. 5) Her final concert before her break was the height of her 20 years of music career. interval: n. [C] period of time between two events 间歇；间隙 There was a long interval before he answered the telephone. 隔了好久他才接了电话。
Leading cadres have meetings at regular intervals to hear the masses‟ views. 领导干部定期开会，听取群众意见。
Work at the photographic studio starts early, stops late, and is broken only by a very short luncheon interval.
照相馆的工作上班早，下班迟，中间只有很短的午餐休息。
culminate: vi. end or cause to end, esp. to reach or bring to a final or climactic stage; climax达到最高点；达到高潮
Her career culminated in her appointment as director. 她一生事业的顶峰是当上了董事长。
The Christmas party at school culminated in the distribution of the presents. 学校的圣诞晚会在分发礼物时达到最高潮。
Twenty years of intense research work now culminated in success by the end of 2008. 到2008年底，20年的紧张研究工作终于完成了。
17. It was a bittersweet night — dedicated to her husband. (Para. 5)
It was a night with happy moments and sad ones, which was performed as a token of her affection and gratitude to her husband. dedicate: vt.
1) address (a book etc.) to a friend, patron, etc. （在书等上写）题献给（朋友，赞助人等） She dedicated her first album to her beloved mother. 她把她的首张专辑献给了自己亲爱的妈妈。
The monument was dedicated to the memory of the national hero. 这座碑是为纪念那位民族英雄而建造的。
2) give a lot of time and effort to something 献身；献身于 She has dedicated her life to caring for others.
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她一生致力于照顾别人。
As a hard-working and loyal employee, he dedicated himself to this company. 作为一名勤奋、忠诚的员工，他为这家公司贡献了一生。 18. The ballad from “Titanic” was an international hit. (Para. 5)
The popular love song from “Titanic” instantly became famous worldwide.
19. But at the height of her popularity, at the summit of her career, Dion chose to walk away from her career and enjoy her personal life. (Para.6)
At theh peak of her popularity and career, Dion chose to leave the spotlight and enjoy her personal life.
popularity: n. [U] quality of being widely admired or accepted or sought after 流行；普及 The press broke her scandal at the height / peak of her popularity. 就在她红极一时的时候，媒体曝光了她的丑闻。
The increasing popularity of natural produce among middle-class consumers was excellent news for organic farmers.
天然农产品在中产阶级消费者中越来越受欢迎，这对施有机肥的农民来说是个极好的消息。 summit: n. [C]
1) highest point of something esp. mountain top顶点，最高点
At the age of twenty, she was at the summit of her powers as a dancer. 20岁的时候，她的舞技如日中天。
Sometimes he feels lonely even though he is an authoritative individual at the summit of power-pyramid.
尽管他是处在权力金字塔顶端的实权人物，可有时候他觉得很孤独。
2) official meeting or series of meetings between the leaders of two or more governments 政府首脑会议，最高级会谈；峰会
These important measures were decided at a summit in Japan in August.
这些重要的措施是7月在日本召开的峰会上决定的。
On behalf of China, he attended the two-day international summit on drugs.
他代表中国参加了为期两天的毒品问题国际峰会。
20. Beginning in 2000, Dion went on a planned two-year interval from her career to care for her husband, Rene, and to have a child. (Para. 6)
At the beginning of 2000, Dion began a two-year temporary leave from her career in order to take care of her husband, Rene, and to have a child.
21. But just months after announcing the hiatus, Dion noticed a lump on her husband‟s neck while they were flying to Texas. (Para. 6)
But just a few months after announcing the break, Dion noticed a lump on her husband‟s neck when they were flying to Texas.
22. Dion began taking care of the man who for so long had watched over her. (Para. 6) Dion started looking after her husband. He had taken care of her for so long. watch over: take care of somebody or something 照看，照顾 I am his best friend, and I will always watch over him. 我是他最好的朋友，我会永远照顾他。
The mother bird is watching over her young and the father bird is standing outside the nest. 鸟妈妈正在照看小鸟，鸟爸爸站在鸟巢外。
23. Five days later in Las Vegas, the couple renewed their marriage vows before family and
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friends in an over-the-top Arabian-inspired ceremony. (Para. 6)
Five days later in Las Vegas, the couple said their marriage promises again in front of their family members and friends in a very Arabian style ceremony. renew: vt. revive; make new again 使获得新生；更新
This party is a very good chance to renew acquaintance with old friends. 这个聚会是与老友重叙旧情的好机会。
My mother bought some material and renewed the covers on the chairs last Sunday. 我妈妈上个星期买了些布料更换了椅套。 vow: n. [C] formal and serious promise誓, 誓言；誓约 Nothing will persuade me to break this vow. 无论什么都不会让我违反此誓言。
The young girl kept her vow of silence until she died in a small village. 年轻的女孩履行了誓言，一直保守秘密直到在一个小村庄死去。 inspire: vt.
1) give somebody the idea for something, esp. something artistic or imaginative 激发（某人的）创造力
hope that some of these ideas will inspire you to create. 我希望这些想法会激发你的创造力。
If you want to inspire your customers, you must first inspire your employees. 要激励更多的客户，你就必须首先激励公司的员工。 2) give somebody the desire, confidence to do something well鼓舞（某人）
This book has served to inspire many thousands of students, teachers throughout the world. 这本书鼓舞了全世界成千上万的学生和老师。 He has been considered the best speaker for his ability to inspire his listeners. 由于他有鼓舞听众的能力，因此被认为是最好的讲演者。
24. “It was a must. I had to take those two years. I have met life for the first time,” she said.
(Para. 7) “It was an absolutely necessary thing for me to do. I had to take off those two years. It was for
the first time that I have faced life and the challenges for real,” she said.
must: n. [C] (colloq.) something that is absolutely necessary 必须要做的事情；必需物 It is a must for him to sacrifice his career in order to take care of his family. 对他来说他必须牺牲他的事业以便照顾他的家庭。
A Business English Certificate for advanced level is a must for this job. 要想获得这个工作，商务英语高级证书是必需的。
I know you may feel reluctant to do this, but it is a must, no bargaining, no other options. 我知道你可能不太愿意做这件事情，但必须要做，不得讨价还价，也没有其他选择。 25. Taking time off to have a baby, start a family, take care of (her husband) Rene who is, you know, battling cancer, going through in-vitro fertilization. (Para. 7)
Having a short break to give birth to a baby, to start a family, look after (her husband) Rene, who is fighting against cancer and experiencing in-vitro fertilization in order to have a baby.
take time off: spare some time or have a particular amount of time away from work 抽出一部分时间；休假；休息
You mustn‟t take time off just because you want to see a football match or to play computer games.
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你不能只是因为想看足球赛或玩电脑游戏就休假不上班。
Parents who take time off from work to care for newborns can receive two-thirds of their net monthly salary, up to a maximum of 1, 800 euros, for 12 months.
停职在家照顾孩子的父母每月可得到相当于税后月收入三分之二的补贴，每月最高可达1 800欧元，为期一年。
26. I mean, it was sort of like a soap opera. (Para. 7)
All I am talking about here is just like a soap opera instead of real life. sort of: somewhat, more or less有几分，有点 I sort of thought you might say that. 我多少料到你也许会那么说。
He was friendly in a funny sort of way. 他很友善，但友善得有点儿怪。
Isn‟t it sort of foolish to loan money to a cheat who had deceived you once? 把钱借给曾骗过你的骗子不是有点儿傻吗?
soap opera: a series of television or radio programmes about the lives and problems of a particular group of characters. The series continues over a long period and is broadcast (several times) every week肥皂剧；电视连续剧
Tom likes cartoon, his mother likes soap opera and his father likes sitcom and sports. 汤姆喜欢卡通节目。他的妈妈喜欢肥皂剧而他的爸爸喜欢情景喜剧和体育运动。
The soap opera (“Desire” being its representative) in 1990s became one way of entertainment most loved and widely known by Chinese common people.
九十年代以《渴望》为代表的电视连续剧成为中国百姓生活中最喜闻乐见、家喻户晓的消费娱乐方式。
27. reduction (Para.8):
1) [C/U] act of making something less or smaller降低；减少；缩小 There has been a dramatic reduction in the birth rate. 出生率已经大大降低。
A small percentage reduction in the cost of materials would mean a significant increase in profit.
材料成本的小幅降低会带来利润的大幅提高。 牛津搭配 The reduction of the speed limit resulted in fewer traffic accidents. 车速极限的降低使交通事故减少。 英汉大词典
2) [C] amount by which the price of something is reduced 降价 On occasion, this supermarket sells goods at a huge reduction. 偶尔，这家超市大幅度降价出售货物。
In order to attract more consumers, the manager decided to make / offer reductions on certain articles.
为了吸引更多的顾客，经理决定对某些商品减价。
The government has found it difficult to make real reductions in government spending. 政府发现要真正缩减政府开支相当困难。
28. The couple had tried to get pregnant in vain for five years until Dion underwent in-vitro fertilization. (Para. 8)
The couple had tried to have babies unsuccessfully for five years until Dion undertook in-vitro fertilization.
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undergo: vt. experience something, esp. something that is unpleasant but necessary 经历，经受 This city underwent great changes. 这座城市经历了巨大的变化。
You may have to undergo disappointment and failure before experiencing success. 你在尝到成功的滋味之前，也许得忍受失望与失败。
I hope that I shall never again have to undergo such unpleasant experience. 我希望我永远不会再遭遇到这种不愉快的经历。
29. press (Para. 8): n. [C] (the ~) the journalists and photographers who work for newspapers and magazines记者，新闻工作者；新闻界
She has been criticized in the press for not speaking out on this issue. 她因没有坦率地发表对这件事的看法而受到报界的批评。
As usual the conservatives are saying that the press has a liberal bias. 保守派照例说媒体有种自由主义的偏见。
At the concluding press conference, both leaders said that the talks had been constructive. 在总结性新闻发布会上，两位领导人都说会谈富有建设性。 30. Celine Dion made a rare appearance during her hiatus. (Para. 9)
Celine Dion appeared once publicly during the period of her interval. rare: a.
1) unusual, not often happening 稀少的；罕见的
John Smith is one of those rare people who believe in ancient myths.
约翰·史密斯是那些少有的相信古代神话的人之一。 In Beijing, it is extremely rare for it to be this hot in April.
在北京，四月份就这样炎热是极其罕见的。
2) existing only in small numbers and therefore valuable or interesting稀有的；珍贵的 The stamps he gave us were not rare enough to be interesting.
他给我们的这些邮票不够罕见，难以称奇。
After much effort during many years, the populations of some rare and endangered animals have increased.
经过多年的努力，一些珍稀濒危动物种群数量有所增加。
31. At the July 2001 baptism of her son, hundreds of fans and paparazzi lined the streets outside the cathedral making it more of a red carpet event than a family affair. (Para. 9) At the July 2001 baptism of her son, hundreds of fans, photographers and reporters queued up on the streets outside the cathedral, which made it more like a big event or ceremony rather than a family event.
red carpet: carpet laid down for important visitors隆重接待(欢迎) Her family rolled out the red carpet for her teacher. 她全家诚恳而热烈地欢迎她的老师。
We must give our distinguished guests the red carpet treatment. 我们得隆重接待贵宾。
They rolled out the red carpet for the prince when he arrived in Australia.
亲王到达澳大利亚时，他们给予了他隆重的欢迎。
32. In March, Dion returned to the spotlight, with a No. 1 album and a new attitude on the important things in life. (Para. 10)
In March, Dion came back to full publicity, with an album that ranked first place and with a new
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attitude on the important things in life. 33. nightmare (Para. 10): n. [C] 1) frightening dream噩梦
This morning my boss told me that he had a nightmare last night.
今天早上我的老板跟我说他昨晚做了一个噩梦。
In the middle of the night the little boy woke cold and shaking from the nightmare. 半夜，这个小男孩从噩梦中醒来，吓得直打冷颤。 2) (colloq.) haunting fear, horrible experience 噩梦般的经历（或环境） The trip to the south turned into a nightmare when they both got sick.
这次南方之旅成了一场噩梦，他们俩都病了。
Mary‟s death had been a nightmare that had haunted her family for the last ten years. 玛丽的死对于全家来说就是一场噩梦，在过去的十年中一直忘不掉。
34. So if I can do both, making a difference in my son‟s life, in my husband‟s life, and at the same time come here and talk to you about it and sing a couple of songs in between that, I can‟t be happier. (Para. 10)
So if I can do both, playing an important role in my son‟s life and in my husband‟s life as well, and at the same time if I can come here and talk to you about my life and sing a few songs I am happy.
35. Beyond the glamour, fame and fortune, Dion said she remembers her roots in a small Canadian village. (Para.11)
More than charm, reputation and great wealth, Dion said she remembers it all started from a small Canadian village.
glamour: n. [U] charm and enchantment魅力，诱惑力
The glamour of Hollywood draws many young talented people there every year.
好莱坞的魅力每年把许多有才华的年轻人吸引到那里去。
At night, tourists from different countries were lying on the beach, enjoying the glamour of moonlight on a tropical sea.
夜晚，来自不同国家的游客们躺在岸边，欣赏着月光照在热带海面上的迷人景色。 fortune: n.
1) [C] large amount of money巨大的财富
The machine is spinning its inventor a huge fortune.
这台机器正在给它的发明者创造巨大的财富。 My husband‟s cousin received a large fortune when his uncle died. 我丈夫的表弟在他叔叔去世时得到了一大笔财产。 His great grandfather made two fortunes and lost them, dying a poor man. 他的曾祖父两度发财，两度失去财产，死时很穷。 2) [U] chance or luck, esp. in the way it affects people‟s lives机会；运气 He did not deserve such fortune. 他不配得到这种好运气。
These two brothers decided to go to America to try their fortune. 这兄弟俩决定去美国碰碰运气。
3) [C] good and bad things that happen to a person, family, country, etc. 命运 She told my fortune by reading my palm. 她靠看手相给我算命。
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He is ready to do anything on earth to better his fortunes.
他随时准备竭尽全力改善自己的境遇。
Through all his changing fortunes, the young man never lost courage. 任凭命运变换，这个年轻人从不丧失勇气。
PART III Reading Skills
Identifying main ideas in paragraph
All writing has the desire to transmit a message from the writer to the reader. One of the easier ways for writers to transmit the message is organizing their ideas into paragraphs.
How can readers get and tell the point of reading material in a simple way? One basic method is to ask one question about the information in each paragraph—and then a general question about the point of the whole reading. A one-or two-sentence answer to each question gives the main idea.
The writer of a reading selection doesn‟t always state all of his or her ideas in a clear, direct way; instead he or she may imply or suggest certain facts or personal views. It is left to readers to infer (figure out) what the writer wants to communicate according to the information in the text, and context clues in the material.
Now let‟s look at a paragraph to see if you can pick out the main idea.
In the workplace, employers can continue to monitor workers with relatively few restrictions. One form of electronic monitoring, done by computer, may include searches of employee computer files, voicemail, E-mail, and other networking communications. A recent case occurred in the Nissan Motor Corporation in Southern California where two employee trainers were coordinating their efforts by keeping in touch via E-mail. At time, their messages consisted of negative remarks about upper management. They did not realize that their boss was monitoring their E-mail remarks, until they were called in and reprimanded. The two women sued Nissan for invasion of privacy, but the court ruled in favor of the company because Nissan owned the computer system. Because of the threat to individual privacy, the growth of E-mail litigation is one of the fastest growing areas in the United States. Federal and state laws have not kept up with the diverse use of E-mail. (Unit3, Section A) Use the method mentioned in the student book and hints, we can easily find the main idea of this paragraph: In the workplace, employers can continue to monitor workers with relatively few restrictions.
If you are able to rephrase your choice of a topic sentence into a question and then determine if the passage answers your question, you have been successful at selecting a main idea.
If we rephrase the topic sentence of this paragraph “In the workplace, employers can continue to monitor workers with relatively few restrictions.” into a question “In the workplace, can employers continue to monitor workers with relatively few restrictions?”, all the sentences in this paragraph can answer this question clearly: Yes, they can. So we can be very sure that we are very successful at selecting the main idea of this paragraph.
Key to Reading Skills
Exercise
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A. 5 B. 3 C. 1
PART IV Key to Exercises
I.
1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. D 9. C 10. B
II.
1. blossom 2 . considerate 3. cemented 4. fortune 5. dedicated 6. fancy 7. opera 8. undergone 9. glimpse 10. rare 11. at the helm of 12. theme 13. must 14. spotlight 15 summit
III.
1.vows 2. renew 3. pregnant 4. lump 5. wedding 6. ceremony 7. nightmare 8. popularity 9. superb 10. interval
IV.
1. to 2. at 3. in 4. to 5. at 6. over 7. through 8. of 9. in 10. with
PART V Translation
歌唱女神的罗曼史
1 在席琳·迪翁歌唱事业如日中天的同时，她心里对年长她很多的经纪人勒内·昂杰利尔的感情也悄然滋生着。“我知道，”迪翁的前任宣传员也是她的好朋友米娅·迪蒙说，“我那时就猜想她已经爱上那个男人了。”《人物》杂志的副执行编辑皮特·卡斯特罗说:“他是她的保护神,是她穿着闪亮盔甲的骑士,不仅是她的经纪人,而且更像个慈父。难怪迪翁会爱上他。”在席琳眼中，勒内体贴、坚强、稳重、坚定、有志向、有进取心。跟他在一起，她总是能感受到关心和爱护；她与他共同经历着人生的起起落落，分享着欢乐与痛苦，分担着泪水与欢笑„„
2 随着时间的流逝，席琳·迪翁再次以一曲《当我坠入爱河》而风靡全球，此曲选自1993年推出的专辑《爱之色彩》，并成为电影《西雅图未眠夜》的主题曲。同时，收录在同一张专集里的《爱情的力量》成为她第一个位居榜首的主打歌。一位曾经与迪翁一起工作过的词曲作家兼制片人大卫·福斯特评价道：“那是一张了不起的专辑。时至今日依旧魅力不减当年，当你播放这张唱片的时候，你会觉得它如十年前一样悠扬动听。”
3 这首歌也表达着她对昂杰利尔的情感，这一点她的歌迷并不了解。当他们的关系对外保密了5年之后，51岁的经纪人与25岁的流行歌星做出决定，要将这一消息写在唱片封套上的说明里公布于众。迪翁说：“我在专集的后面写了这样几句话——勒内是我的爱人，我再不能将这秘密深藏在心底。这爱已经变得太过强烈。就让我说出这个事实，告诉你我的感受。勒内，你就是我爱情的色彩。” 4 歌迷们并没有一丝沮丧。相反，他们在1994年12月17日那天聚集在蒙特利尔大街两旁，希望能在迪翁和勒内的婚礼上一睹他俩的风采。为迪翁操办婚事的是她的好朋友，也是她的
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前任宣传员——米娅·迪蒙。在她眼里，为迪翁主婚就如同看着自己的女儿出嫁一样。迪蒙说：“我问她，‘你想要的是什么？’她回答说，‘我想要那种能让自己终生难忘的婚礼’。”所以我就做了一件我希望能让她终生难忘的事——为她安排了一场童话般的婚礼。
5 1997年，一首电影《泰坦尼克号》的主题曲《我心永恒》巩固了迪翁超级巨星的地位。1999年底，迪翁告别了歌坛。她暂别歌坛之前的最后一场演唱会将她20年的音乐生涯推向巅峰。那是一个献给她丈夫的，有欢笑也有泪水的夜晚，并以一首12岁时妈妈写给她的歌曲《那只是一场梦》结束了整场演唱会。在她20年的音乐生涯中，她曾五次荣获格莱美奖，销售一亿两千万张唱片。《泰坦尼克号》的主题曲更是风靡全球的情歌。
6 但是就在她名声大震之时和事业的巅峰期，迪翁选择了离开她的事业，去享受自己的生活。2000年初，迪翁决定按照自己的计划，将事业暂歇两年，用这段时间来照顾她的丈夫，并且生个孩子。就在她宣布这个决定几个月之后，在飞往德克萨斯途中她发现丈夫的脖子上长了一个肿瘤。这个肿瘤是癌症。昂杰利尔立刻开始接受放疗，迪翁开始照顾这个一直守护着她的男人。五天后，在拉斯维加斯，这对夫妇在一个极为阿拉伯化的仪式上，当着亲人和好友们的面重温了结婚誓言。
7 “那是我必须做的事。我必须告别歌坛两年。那是我第一次直面生活。”她说，“我陪伴在丈夫身边，那是他人生中最需要我的时期。”2000年的1月1日那天，她从公众的目光中消失，接下来的两年是她人生中最具挑战性的两年。皮特·卡斯特罗说道：“腾出时间生孩子，建立一个家庭，照顾她的丈夫勒内，是啊，他正在与癌症抗争，并在进行体外授精。我的意思是说，这有点像一部肥皂剧，可以名为‘当席琳的世界发生了巨变时’。” 8 五个月过后，2000年的6月8日这对夫妇一起收到了他们人生中最重要的消息：昂杰利尔的癌症病情有所好转，同时迪翁怀孕了。五年间，这对夫妇一直尝试要一个孩子，却只是徒劳一场，直到迪翁实施了体外受精。在她怀孕的八个月零一周的期间里，迪翁注意不做任何有可能导致流产的事。她说：“因此我不做任何剧烈运动。我足不出户，不打高尔夫，避免过多日晒，也不做太多锻炼。”2001年1月25日医院召开新闻发布会，宣布迪翁顺利生下勒内·查尔斯。他们的朋友说这个孩子的降临是一次改变人生的经历。莫托拉说：“我还记得在席琳生下勒内·查尔斯之后，我第一次见她的时候。我看到了一个不一样的席琳，一个完全不一样的席琳。”
9 休息期间，席琳·迪翁很少抛头露面。2001年7月在她为儿子做洗礼的时候，几百名歌迷和狗仔队齐聚在大教堂门外的大街上，这使得洗礼超乎于一个家庭仪式，而更像是一个盛大的典礼。“席琳做事情并非是完全保密的。”卡斯特罗说，“很不可思议，她的孩子的洗礼仪式就是又一个与歌迷分享她的生活的例子。”
10 三月，迪翁带着她位居榜首的唱片重返舞台，那时的她已经对生命的重要意义有了全新的认识。“迈出的第一步，长出的第一颗牙，做的第一场噩梦，经历的第一次耳痛，第一声叫‘妈妈’，那对我来说真是太重要了。”她说，“如果我可以兼顾两样，让孩子和丈夫的生活过得更好，同时可以来这里把一切讲给大家听，期间再唱上几首歌，我将再开心不过了。” 11 拥有了魅力、名望和财富，她从来没有忘记那个加拿大的小村庄，她来自那里。“我知道自己来自何方。我了解自己要去向何处。我爱他。我的孩子在等待着我，他是快乐的，我正盼望着今晚与他共进晚餐。”她说，“我真的从来没有感觉像现在这样幸福。这是我生命中最快乐的时光。知道吗，我的余生都将这样快乐着。”
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Unit Two
Love and Eternity
Section C
Mandela‟s Love for Winnie
PART I Translation Techniques
Repetition （2）
II. Repetition for Emphasis
In English sentences, some key words are often repeated for emphasis. When we translate sentences like these, it is strongly recommended that we use the translation technique of repetition by keeping the repeated words in the Chinese version. Two types of repetition techniques are often used. 1. Repeating what is repeated in English
This means we keep the repetition in the Chinese version. For example: “He believed himself to be one of the greatest dramatists in the world, one of the greatest thinkers, and one of the greatest composers.” In this sentence, the phrase “one of the greatest” is repeated three times ( in Chinese means “最伟大的”). In order to keep the emphasis, we repeat “最伟大的” three times in the Chinese version. Therefore, the Chinese translation is “他认为自己是世界上最伟大的戏剧家，最伟大的思想家，最伟大的作曲家之一” . Here are more examples:
Example 1: Her eyes searched him, and searched him, to see if he would recognize her. 她在观察他的表情，一遍又一遍地观察，想看看他是不是还认得她。
Example 2: Children complain that their classes are boring, their textbooks are boring, and their
teachers are boring.
孩子们抱怨课程乏味、课本乏味、教师乏味。
Example 3: Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.
读书足以怡情，足以博彩, 足以长才。
Example 4: Never yield to force, never yield to the apparently overwhelming might of the enemy. 永远不要在武力面前低头，永远不要在貌似强大的敌人面前屈服。
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2. Repeating with synonyms
Translation of synonymy means we keep the repetition in the original sentence by using synonyms in the Chinese equivalents. For example: A thin man in a thin overcoat watched them out of thin emotionless eyes. In this sentence, the word “thin” is repeated three times. It means “单薄的，瘦的” in Chinese. However, we use the Chinese way of expressions to translate the three “thins” to conform to the Chinese usage. The Chinese translation goes like this: “一个骨瘦如柴、衣服单薄、双目失神的男子注视着他们。”
More examples are in the following sentences:
Example 1: He wanted to send them more aid, more weapons and a few more men. 他想给他们增加些援助，增添些武器，增派些人员。
Example 2: She was shocked when she heard their vicious words, saw their vicious manners. 当听到他们恶毒的话语、看到他们卑劣的举止时，她震惊了。
Example 3: The little girl came into the room quietly, spoke to her ill mother quietly, and then left the
room quietly.
小姑娘静静地走进房间，悄悄地和生病的妈妈说话，然后又默默地离开了房间。 Example 4: The painter not only wears a long hair, but also wears a long beard. 这个画家不但留着长发，还蓄着长长的胡须。
III. Repetition for Vividness
Sometimes no words are repeated in the original sentences. However, the repetition technique is still employed. When translating English to Chinese, we use this technique to make the Chinese version vivid. At present time, people tend to use four-character expressions in their translation. Two major types of four-character techniques are used.
1. Using the four-word structures
The first method is to use reduplicated syllables. The four-word expressions are not necessarily Chinese idioms, but normal reduplicated words, which are concise in structure and vivid in meaning. For example: “Despite these pressures our love for each other and our devotion to our marriage grew and intensified.” (Unit 2 C) In this sentence, the author used “grew” (in Chinese增长)and “intensified” (in Chinese使强烈), which mean “develop, increase” and “become stronger” respectively. If we translate it literally, the translation is “尽管有这么多的压力，我们之间的爱和对婚姻的忠诚增长了，也加强了。” This translation reads very dull, lacks beauty of language. So, we use four-word expressions to improve the translation. The revised version is “尽管有这么多的压力，我们之间的爱和对婚姻的忠诚与日俱增，愈久弥坚。”,which fully reflects the author‟s intention, vivid and smooth. More examples: Example 1：Biosphere 2 made headlines in the early 1990s and then faded out of the news. (Unit 1 A)
20世纪90年代初期，生物圈2一度成为头条新闻，之后就逐渐销声匿迹了。
Example 2: Every leaf, brick, shingle and blade of grass is fresh-washed and shining. 每片树叶和草叶，每块砖头和卵石都冲洗得纤尘不染，熠熠发光。
Example3: Pacing through the house from window to window, I am moved to open-mouthed
wonder by the outside view.
我在房间里踱来踱去，从一个窗口走到另一个窗口，外面的景色使我瞠目结舌，
惊叹不已。
Example 4: What characterizes almost all Hollywood pictures is their inner emptiness.
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几乎所有好莱坞影片都有一个特征，那就是内容空洞无物。
2. Using the reduplicate words
In this method, again four-word expressions are used, in which the character is repeated. This method makes the translation vivid and effective. For example, “totter (走路不稳，踉跄)” is translated as “摇摇晃晃地走”. This Chinese version of translation reads smoothly and beautifully. Example 1: All my worries have been washed away by the glories of the storm. 我所有的烦恼都已经被这辉煌壮丽的暴风雨荡涤得干干净净。
Example 2: My husband can tinker with odd jobs around the neighborhood and pick up a few dollars
to go with relief.
我的丈夫还能够在附近干一点修修补补的零活，挣几块钱。
Example 3: A citizen in a drug-induced haze, whether on his back-yard deck or on a mattress in
ghetto crack house, is not what the founding fathers meant by the “pursuit of happiness”. (A Guide to English-Chinese Translation of Stylistic Varieties, by Chen Xin)
一个人沉迷于毒品，昏昏噩噩，无论是在自家后院的地上，还是在贫民窟毒品馆的床垫上，都绝不是开国的先辈们所指的“幸福的追求”。
Example 4: Not to educate the child is to condemn him to repetitious ignorance.
如果我们不对儿童进行教育的话，那就要使儿童沦入世世代代的愚昧状态。
As we said earlier, English is as complex and sophisticated a language as Chinese is; and, as is the case with Chinese, a word is capable of being used in many senses, depending on the different collocations or contexts. Therefore, the repetition technique needs to be used with caution. We must bear in mind that this technique should be used in a proper way. When using this technique, we need, on the basis of a good comprehension of the original, to make sure that this technique does help us have a good representation of the original.
Key to Translation Techniques Exercise
1. 我们可以想象，对于古人来说，这该是一种多么令人心惊胆战的景象啊，他们一生都不会
忘记。
2. 这是一个月明之夜，十分寒冷；我们的马车在冰冻的路上疾驰。 3. 他身材欣长，面容英俊，所以很多女孩都喜欢他。
4. 我倾听着，倾听着——乐声越来越微弱，越遥远，逐渐地逝去。 5. 欢迎新校长的只有几下轻轻的、零零落落、冷冷淡淡的掌声。
6. 午夜，在一阵狂风暴雨中我们的船出港了。周围闪烁着令人头昏目眩，杂乱无章的灯光。 7. 他直爽坦白，文质彬彬。他大部分的青春都是在海上度过的，可是这巨大的海洋却使他变得迟钝。
8. 三种简单却又极为强烈的情感支配着我的生活：对爱情的渴望，对知识的追求和对人类苦难的无比同情。
9. 我渴望了解人心；我渴望懂得星星为什么发光。
10. 农村一定是风光秀丽，草木丰茂，花儿盛开。大地一片葱绿，阳光灿烂。
PART II Key to Exercises
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I.
1. Y 2. N 3. Y 4. Y 5. N 6. N 7. Y 8. NG 9. N 10. N
II.
1. She said that it would kill her to be parted from her son for two years.
2. The girl felt deeply that her destiny had been shaped by her gender, but she didn‟t want to give up. 3. The famous physicist retained a tender affection for his wife till the end of his life. 4. The clip-clop of the horse‟s hooves faded away into the distance.
5. Lucy‟s face lit up with pleasure and excitement when she saw the presents under the Christmas tree.
6. The guide told us that this guidebook was indispensable for travelers to southern Italy. 7. In view of the shortage of time each person may only speak for ten minutes.
8. He suffered a stroke in 2008, which left him unable to speak, but his mental capacity wasn‟t affected.
9. Her imagination was kindled by the exciting stories her grandmother told her.
10. The teacher asked the student to sum up the main points of the lesson in three sentences.
PART III Translation
曼德拉对温妮的爱
1 1992年4月13日，曼德拉在约翰内斯堡的新闻发布会上宣布与妻子分开。事态已经发展到难以回转的境地，他感到分手对于所有相关各方——非国大，他们的家庭以及温妮本人，都是最有益的选择。
2 在会上曼德拉宣读了以下声明：
3 “我与妻子，诺姆扎莫·温妮·曼德拉同志的关系已成为许多媒体猜测的焦点。我在此发表声明以澄清目前的状况；并希望所有进一步的猜疑就此告终。 4 在为国家的解放而奋斗的非常时期我与诺姆扎莫同志结为夫妻。我们都忠诚于非国大的事业并致力于消除种族隔离，由此而带来的压力使我们不能享受正常的家庭生活。尽管面对种种压力，我们的爱情以及对婚姻的忠诚却与日俱增，愈久弥坚„„
5 在罗本岛的二十年里，对于我本人来说她是不可缺少的支柱与安慰„„ 诺姆扎莫同志独自挑起抚养孩子的重任„„ 她以极大的勇气经受住了政府施加的骚扰和压力，并且从未动摇过为了自由而奋斗的信念。她的坚定意志加深了我个人对她的尊重、爱恋和与日俱增的情感。这也使她赢得了世界上广泛的崇敬。现在我对她仍然是爱意不减。
6 但是，最近这几个月里我们在一些问题上产生的分歧，使得我们的关系变得紧张起来，鉴于此，我们都认为分开对两个人都有益处。我的这个决定并不是针对最近媒体对她的不利报道而做出的„„在她这些艰难的日子里，诺姆扎莫同志得到我毫无保留的支持，而且将来也会如此。
7 我个人绝不会为我和诺姆扎莫同志共同努力走过的日子感到后悔。然而我们无法控制的外界因素却使得情况变成了另外一回事。我与妻子分开，但不会指责她。反而会用我全部的爱去拥抱她。这份爱从我第一次遇到她开始，无论是我在狱中还是狱外，都被我一直精心地呵护着。女士们、先生们，希望大家能够体谅我所经历的痛苦。 8 或许有些事情我还没有理清头绪，这是因为我为自己不能履行一个丈夫对于妻子和一个
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父亲对于孩子们的责任的痛苦造成的。但正如我所确信的那样，当我被监禁的时候我妻子的生活要比我艰难许多；而我的归来给她造成的困惑更多于对我自己。她嫁给了一个男人，而这个男人很快离她而去。这个男人成为了一个神话。而当这个神话回家的时候，神话破灭了，他也不过是个凡人。
9 就像后来我在女儿津茨的婚礼上说的那样，为自由而奋斗的人的命运决定了他们不能拥有稳定的个人生活。当你的生活和斗争联系在一起时，正如我曾经经历过的那样，那你的生活里就没有了家庭的位置。我最遗憾的事情莫过于此，而且是我做抉择时最令我痛苦的一方面。作为一国之父是无尽的荣光，但作为一家之长则拥有更大的欢乐。” 10 曼德拉在入狱的日子里经常与妻子通信。那些信伴他度过那些艰难岁月并给了他活下去的信心。下面摘抄其中的部分内容，这些信件见证了他们之间弥足珍贵的爱情。
1976年4月15日
你的爱与奉献将成为我永远都不会试图偿还的一笔债，因为这笔债是如此之大，即使我再用一个世纪的时间分期付款也无法还清。
1976年10月26日
我最亲爱的温妮：
自从你被拘留后，我只收到了一封你写于8月22日的信。我对家里的事情一无所知，不知道房租、电话费、照顾孩子和他们的花费是多少，还有你被释放后能否找到工作等。要是收不到你的来信，我就无法安心，内心如干涸的沙漠。
你和家人的来信有如夏日里的甘霖滋润了我的生命，使它生机勃勃，欢乐无限。每次给你写信，我都能感受到发自体内的暖流，那股暖流会使我把所有的烦恼都抛到脑后，全身被爱包围着。
1979年1月21日
我每时每刻都爱着你，无论是在充满苦难和寒冷的冬日，还是明媚和煦的温暖夏日。当你开怀大笑的时候，我幸福至极。这就是你时常出现在我脑海中的形象：我们家的母亲，总是事务缠身，却无论境况如何都带着一张笑脸。
1979年1月21日
你充满爱意的信件，还有为圣诞节、生日以及结婚纪念日写来的信件总是那么及时，总让我期盼着下个月还能收到同样令人兴奋的信。十四年每周都收到同一个人的来信应该会让人习以为常，进而失去新奇感和幸福感。然而，每次收到你的信，我都心情愉快。感觉自己飞到了连雄鹰都无法到达的地方。虽然我知道你善于用简洁明了的方式来表述事情，但当你用这种方式来描述我们在一起生活的十八年——也是你人生中最恐怖的十八年——你还是深深地吸引了我。同往常一样，那封信顷刻间震撼了我，使我热血沸腾。
1983年3月31日
你上个月的来访完全出乎我的意料。或许这就是我如此开心的原因之一。像我这种年纪的人原本以为自己不会再有年轻人的冲动和激情，但事实似乎并非如此。只要一见到你，甚至只要一想到你，我胸中就会燃起团团爱火。
尽管2月19日那天你看上去很开心，但疾病还是挂在了脸上，眼中的泪花也遮住了你往日里散发出的情爱和温柔。尽管如此，单凭过去20年中我对你的了解，即使疾病使你无法传递那份爱，我仍能感受到。
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10月29日那天你穿着深绿色的连衣裙，使你更加高贵，更显出使人无法抗拒的魅力。那时候我在想，我既不能和你有身体接触，又不能告诉你我对你的感受，你应该为此而感到幸运。有时候我感觉自己简直就是个局外人，是个与美好生活无缘的人。
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