(8B Unit 4)
基础自测
一、词汇拓展
1. cooking (n. ) ____________ (n.) 厨师___________(n.)厨具 2. knowledge (n.)____________（adj.）有见识的，知识渊博的 3. writer (n. )___________ (vt.) 书写__________ (n.)作品；著作 4. touch ( vt.) ___________ (adj. )动人的，令人同情的 5. tiny（adj. ）___________（adj.）（比较级）较小的__________(adj.)（最高级）最微小的 6. refuse (vt.) _____________(adj.)被拒绝的_____________（vt.）（反义词）接受
7. success (n.)__________(adj.)成功的__________（adv.）成功地 ___________(v.)成功 8. sales (n. ) _____________（v.）销售
9. advice (n.)___________（v.）建议_________（vt.）（同义词）建议 _________ (n.)建议 10. habit (n.) ____________（adj.）习惯的 二、短语归纳
1. 怎么处理这些书_____________________ 2. 在冰箱上 _______________________ 3. 对……感兴趣______________________ 4. 历史书 _________________________ 5. 过去的知识 _______________________ 6. 在空闲时间 _____________________ 7. 撞到岩石上_________________________ 8. 与某人一样……__________________ 9. 对某人大喊________________________ 10. 继续做某事 ____________________ 11. 一群人___________________________ 12. 逃跑 __________________________ 13. be tired out _________________________ 14. look down ______________________ 15. run away from ______________________ 16. fall over ________________________ 17. hand in ____________________________ 18. return the books __________________ 19. on time ____________________________ 20. in the future _____________________ 21. collect information ___________________ 22. different types of books ____________ 23. lots of advice _______________________ 24. open up _________________________ 三、句型再现
1. Have you decided what to do with these books, Hobo?
(what.(to) do with.力固定句式，意思是“怎么对待……；怎样处理……”，类似的句型还有what.(to) think of 和how.(to) deal with.，注意不能用how. do with.） (1)我不知道怎样对待我的儿子。
I don't know what I can_________ ___________my son. (2)他说他知道他应该怎样处理这个烂苹果。
He says he knows ________he should __________ ____________ this bad apple. 2. However, they soon got up again and continued moving across my body.
（continue doing sth. 为固定句式，表示“某人继续做某事”，而continue to do sth.表示“继
续做另一件事”）
这场雨整整持续了一个下午。
The rain_________ __________ all afternoon.
3.I tried to pull one hand free and finally managed to break the rope.
（manage白do sth.为固定句式，表示“某人成功做成某事；设法做”。） (1) 你是怎么到达那里的？
_________________________________________________________________ (2) How did you manage to get out of danger?
_________________________________________________________________
要点聚焦
一、词汇精讲
1. touch vt， 感动，触动
课文：The story of the ugly man Quasimodo really touched me. 丑陋人卡西莫多的故事感动了我。 拓展：be touched by被……感动
get in touch with sb. 与某人取得联系 keep in touch with与某人保持联系 lose touch with sb. 与某人失去联系
She fell asleep the moment her head touched the pillow. 她的头一挨枕头，就睡着了。
What the teacher said touched all the students. 老师的话使同学们都感动了。
Linda and I kept in touch by writing to each other. 琳达和我用书信互相保持联系。 活学巧用 ① Don’t touch the notebook on my desk. (翻译句子) ____________________________________________________________ ②我们都被这部影片深深感动了。 We are all __________ _____________by the movie. ③毕业并不意味着你将会与老同学失去联系。（翻译句子） _______________________________________________________________ 相约中考
(2019.苏州) For these people, the senses of smell, sound, sight, ___________(触摸), and taste are not separate (分开的). 2. either adv. 也
课文：I did not know what to say either. 我也不知道要说什么。 辨析：either，too，also，as well
either too also as well 表示“也”， 用于否定句中，常用于句末 表示“也”，多用于口语，位置通常放在句末，前面常有逗号，也可用在句中，前后都有逗号 表示“也”，较正式，位置通常接近动词，不用于句末，用于肯定句中 通常放在句末，意为“也”，相当于too ---Do you like the winter here? 你喜欢这儿的冬天吗？ ---Yes, I like the summer as well for it's not too hot. 是的，我也喜欢夏天，因为天气不是很热。 If you don't go,1 won't either. 如果你不去，我也不去。 活学巧用 用also, too, as well, either填空 ① I am sorry. I don't know the home address,______________. ② Li Lin is good at history, and he is good at maths, ____________. ③ The foreign visitor knows some about the ancient China ___________. ④ Peter is ___________ one of the best players on the school football team. 3. on time准时
课文：You must return them on time. 休必须准时归还它们。 拓展：in time及时
at a time每次，一次 all the time -直 at one time 曾经 at the same time同时
at the right time适时，在适当的时候 at times时常，间或 from time to time不时地
If you want to know much more information, get in touch with them in time. 如果你想得到更多的信息，请及时与他们联系。
If you can't arrive there on time, you should let them know. 如果你不能及时到达那里，你应该让他们知道。 One task at a time. 一次完成一项任务。 活学巧用 ① ( )They got the station __________to catch the train. A. all the time B. at the same time C. in time D. at times ② ( )The teacher asks us to finish our homework _______. A. on time B. in time C. at times D. in a time ③ ( ) We know that we'd better not eat too much _______keep healthy. A. at the right time B. from time to time . C. at a time D. at one time : ④ She asked me some questions from time to time. (翻译句子） ___________________________________________________________ 相约中考 (2019.无锡) I hope the train will arrive _______ _______ (准时) , but it’s beyond my control. (2019.镇江) The show is that sometimes four or even ten ostrich (鸵鸟) are marching forward ______ _______ ________ (每次，一次), and this is seriously strange. 4. refuse vt. &vi 拒绝，回绝
课文：At first all the British publishing houses refused to publish it. 刚开始英国所有的出版社都拒绝出版它。 拓展：refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 She refused to attend the tea party.
她拒绝参加茶会。 活学巧用 那个小男孩拒绝去上学。（翻译句子） _________________________________________________________________ 5. advice n. 建议，忠告，劝告
课文：My friends give me lots of advice on books. 我的朋友们给了我很多关予书籍的建议。 拓展：advice为不可数名词
give sb. advice on sth. 在……方面给某人建议 take the advice采纳建议
ask sb. for advice 向某人寻求建议
这个题目太难了，能给我一些建议吗？
The problem is very difficult, could you give me some advice? 如果在你的家庭作业上有任何困难，你都可以向我寻求建议。
If you have any trouble with your homework, you can ask me for advice. 活学巧用 ① 当面临重大决定时，我会向朋友寻求建议。（翻译句子） __________________________________________________________ ② 当建议合理时，你应该采纳别人的建议。 You should _______ others’ ___________ ,if the advice is reasonable. 相约中考 (2019.淮安) Follow the doctor’s _________ (advice / information) and you will get better soon. 二、句型突破
1. Have you decided what to do with these books, Hobo? 霍波，你已决定怎么处理这些书了吗？
点津：(1)本句是“v. +疑问词+（n.）+to do”的形式，其中疑问词包括疑问代词what，which，
who和疑问副词how，when，where等。如： We haven't decided which room to live in. 我们还没决定住哪个房间。
(2)在“疑问词十动词不定式”结构前，也可以是如sure，clear等的形容词。如： I'm not sure how to look after the dog. 我不确定怎么样照顾这个狗。
(3)“疑问词十动词不定式”结构在句中可以改成由该疑问词引导的从句。如： I don't know what to do. = I don't know what I should do。 我不知道应该做什么。
(4)“疑问词十动词不定式”结构还可以在句中做主语和表语。如： How to deal with the problem is very important to us. 如何解决这个问题对我们来说很重要。
(5)“疑问词十动词不定式”结构中若不定式部分的动词是不及物动词，其后的介词或副
词不能省略。如：
I don't know who to talk with about this book.
我不知道和谁讨论这本书。
活学巧用 ① ( ) We can't work out the physics problem Can you_______ tell us____? A. how to do B. what to do it C. how to do it D. what should to do ② 请告诉我怎么去那儿。 Please tell me ______ ________ ________there. ③ I don't know how______ ______ _______（借书）from the library. 2. After our ship crashed against the rocks, I swam as far as I could. 在我们的船撞土礁石损坏之后，我奋力前游。
点津：句中的“as far as I could' 表示“尽我所能地远”，使用“as +形容词／副词+as”结构，当其用作比较级时表示“和¨一样……”；as. ，. as的固定搭配还包括as long as “只要”，as soon as “一……就”。
Please call me back as soon as possible. 请尽快给我回电话。
This dictionary is as useful as you think. 这本字典和你想象的一样有用。 活学巧用 ① 这个问题没有我想像得那么困难。（翻译句子） __________________________________________________________ ② Lily sat down ________ __________away from him _______ ________. (尽可能远) 3. I must run away from therm 我必须逃离他们。
点津：must与have to是两个常用的情态动词，两词后面都接动词原形。在使用时，应注
意两词间的差别。
(l)must表示主语有义务“必须”做某事，强调说话人的主观看法，主要用于肯定句和疑
问句；must还可以表示肯定推测，意思是“一定”。have to强调的是客观需要，意思是“不得不”;have to有人称和数的变化。
(2)must的否定形式是must not，其缩写为mustn't，表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许”。
have to的否定形式是do not have to表示“不需要，没有必要”，其缩写为don't have to相当于needn't(在学习过程中要注意与can't“不可以，不能”及may not“可能不”区分开)。
I must work hard at my lessons. 我必须努力学习功课。（主观意愿）
I have to look after mother at home for she is ill. 我得在家照看妈妈，因为她病了。（客观需要） You mustn't make any noise in class. . 上课时你们不许吵闹。 活学巧用 ① 在图书馆星必须保持安静。 You ___________ keep quite in library. ② 你必须及时返还书籍。如果想续借，你不得不重新申请。 You _________ return the books on time. If you want to keep them longer, you ___________renew them. ③ ( )---Can you come to have dinner with me this evening?: ---I'm afraid not. I ___________take care of my grandmother. She is ill. A. can B. have to C. may D. could 易错防范
一、must, have to的用法辨析 ·典例呈现.
( ) The house price is too high. We ________ do something to stop lt. A. must B. have to C. can D. may 【答案】B
【易错剖析】must表示主语有义务“必须”做某事，强调说话人的主观看法，主要用于肯定句和疑问句；must还可以表示肯定推测，意思是“一定”。have to强调的是客观需要，意思 是“不得不”。另外must只有一种形式（在宾语从句中可以表示过去），而have to则有多种时态形式。
二、advice，suggestion的用法辨析 ·典例呈现.
( )There are a few __________on quitting smoking.
A. advice B. suggestions C. suggestion D. ideas 【答案】B
【易错剖析】suggestion和advice都可以表示“建议，忠告”，但‘是advice，是不可数名词，没有单复数的区别；而suggestion为可数名词，有复数形式。句中提示词a few修饰可数名词。
巩固训练
一、单项填空
( )1. Although there's still a long way to go, we'd better_________ to the end.
A. continue B. concern C. consider D. decide ( )2. We don't know what to________ the problem.
A. deal with B. do with C. go with D. begin with ( )3 I wonder if you can give me some _________ on my report.
A. voices B. words C. opinions D. stories ( )4. What makes a _________ person? Or what leads to _____________?
A. success; successful B. successful; success C. success; success D. successful; successful ( )5. They decided ____________ after dinner.
A. have a broke B. have a break C. to have a broke D. to have a break ( )6. She lost _________ with Linda because Linda's address changed. A. touch B. line C. close D. information ( ) 7. All passengers _________ go through safety check before they take a plane.
A. can B. may C. must D. ought ( )8. We don't know __________ it next. Let's go and ask Mr. Li.
A. what to do B. to do what C. whether to do D. to do whether ( )9. ---Would you mind if I open the window?
---_____________. I've had a cold for two days.
A. You'd better not B. Never mind C. Of course not D. All right ( )10. If you don't finish your homework__________, your teacher will be unhappy. A. in time B. all the time C. on time D. the same time ( )11. ---Please ____________ the paper, Jimmy! ----But I haven't checked it yet, Mr. Black.
A. hand in B. take out C. look at D. go through
( )12. Jack missed his footing and __________ .
A. fell over B. fell in C. fell into D. fell from ( )13. There is no reason for us to ___________ his help.
A. resist B. reduce C. refuse D. repeat ( ) 14. Someone has put away the books. You ____________ do it.
A. mustn't B. don't have to C. shouldn't D. can't
( )15. Amazing ! ________ have they dealt with all the rubbish in _______ short time? A. How; such B. What; such a C. How; such a D. What; such 二、完成句子
1.太神奇了!你是怎么做到的 ?
Amazing! How did you______ ______ _______ it? 2. 邮局在银行对面。
The post office ________ _________ to the bank. 3. 这个新工作将会为我开辟一个新的世界。
This new job will _______ ____________a new world to me. 4. 我不知道如何逃走。
I don't know________ ___________ _____________ ___________. 5. 我跳舞跳了一早上了，我筋疲力尽。
I was dancing all the morning, I was________ __________. 三、词汇运用
A. 用括号中所给汉语意思填空
1. In____________（德国）there are different kinds of high schools. 2. With _________________（知识）we have conquered (战胜) nature. 3. We have to ______________(归还) these books on time. 4. Did you ______________（触动）my plate just now? 5. Their _________________（成功）is not an accident. B. 根据括号内动词的适当形式填空’
6. He made a_________________(decide) not to go to Beijing this summer. 7. Each _____________(write) has a view.
8.The horse was_____________ (tie) to the tree.
9. The city's hospitals are ___________(able) to cope (应付）with growing numbers of patients. 10. Three workers _______________ (lift) the heavy box from the truck yesterday.
答案：
基础检测
一、1. cook; cooker 2. knowledgeable 3. write; writing 4.touched
5. tinier, tiniest 6. refused; accept 7. successful ; successfully ; succeed 8.sale 9.advise, suggest; suggestion 10. habitual
二、1. what to do with these books 2. on the fridge 3.be interested in
4.history books 5.knowledge of the past 6.in spare time 7. crash against the rocks 8. the same… as sb 9. Shout at sb. 10. continue doing sth. 11. an army of people 12, get away 13. 筋疲力尽 1 4．向下看 1 5．从……逃跑 16．摔倒 l 7．递交 1 8．归还这些书 19．准时 20．在未来 2 1．收集信息 2 2．不同类型的书 23．大量的建议 24．打开
三 1. (l) do with (2) what; do with 2. continues falling
3. （1） How did you manage to get there? (2) 你是怎么脱离危险的？
要点聚焦
一、1．①别碰我桌子上的笔记本。② deeply touched ③ Graduation doesn't mean you will
lose touch with your old classmates. 2. ① either ② too ③ as well ④ also either 3. ① C ② A ③ C ④她时不时地问我一些问题 on time at a time 4. The little boy refused to go to school. 5. ① When faced with big decision, I would ask my friends for advice ② take; advice advice
二、① C ②how to get ③ to borrow books 2. ① The problem is not as difficult as I thought. ② as far; as possible 3. ① must ② have to; have to ③ B
巩固训练
一、l. A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.C 8.C 9.A 10. C 1l.A 12.A 13.C 14.B 15.C
二、 1. manage to do 2. is opposite 3. open up 4. how to get away 5. tired out 三.A. l. Germany 2.knowledge 3.return 4.touveh 5. success B. 6.decision 7. writer 8. tied 9. unable 10. lifted
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