Cuisine- 菜系 cooking (ex. Sichuan cuisine)
Ingredient- 成分 anything used to make food/dishes (vegetables, spices, sauces, flour) Staple- 主食 a main, common food in a cuisine (Rice is the staple of southern Chinese food.)
Recipe-食谱 instructions on how to make certain dishes Nutrition-营养 n. what you need to eat to be healthy
New England cuisine
• Seafood and dairy (酪农业)
• • • • • • • • •
• • •
Historical reliance on its seaports and fishing industry Extensive dairy farming (ex. Vermont)
– Creams, cheese
Native Ingredients- Maple syrup (槭糖浆) and cranberries (酸莓) Standard food- potato
Common spices- parsley (香菜) and sage Caribbean spice- nutmeg (肉豆寇)
Cooking techniques- stewing (熬) and baking (烘)
75% of African-Americans live in the Southern United States “Soul Food”
Closely Related to Southern Food in general
Tends to be very high in fat, salt and calories
Fried chicken, fried fish, sweet potatoes( 红薯) , cornbread, biscuits, okra (秋葵), black eyed peas, turnip greens, etc.
American BBQ (comes from the SOUTH!) Barbecue or barbeque (BBQ)
• • • • •
The word barbecue is also used to refer to a social gathering where food is served, usually outdoors in the early afternoon In the South
– Called “cookouts”
Uses heat and hot gases of a fire, smoking wood, or hot coals of charcoal (木炭) Put marinade (卤汁) or sauce on thmeat/vegetables
Barbequing at home
– Usually cooked in outdoors
– Popular in summer and on holidays (Independence Day, Father’s Day, Memorial
African-American Influence in the South
-Term originated in the 1960s
Day)
Common Southwest Food
• • • • • • •
Salsa Chili Burrito Rice and beans Stuffed peppers Taquitos Tacos
Cuis ine
- Influenced by Central, Northern & Eastern Europe
• Simple but hearty dishes
– What most people think of as \"American food\"
•
“Breadbasket of America\"
– center for grain production
– Wheat (小麦), corn and soybeans
•
Casseroles
– meat and a vegetable mixed together with a binding ingredient (soup or a sauce)
and a topping
Common Products
• Dairy products, especially cheese • Wisconsin: \"America's Dairy Capital\" Upper Midwest
•
Prime fruit-growing region
– apples, blueberries, cranberries, cherries (樱桃), peaches and other cold-climate
fruit
•
Headquarters for several hamburger restaurants
– McDonald's in Oak Brook, Illinois
Apple Pie “America’s National Pie” Midwestern
• Specialty foods: -Chicago Style Pizza -Polish Hot Dogs
• Ethnicities that influenced the Midwest: -Mostly: Polish, Italian, German
Western Region and Pacific Coast
• Food is less traditional than other regions. • Generally more healthy.
-Other regions, may eat a hamburger. On the west coats they like their veggie burgers. • Lots of seafood (Pacific coast)
-Salmon, crabs
• More laid-back lifestyle + many immigrants = diverse tastes, healthy and casual • • •
Huge number of multi-ethnic immigrants. Mainly of Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, Polynesian and Portuguese descent.
40% of Hawaiians are Asian-American
Hawaiian food is greatly influenced by Asian and tropical food cuisine.
Hawaiian
Typical Hawaii Cuisine Staples
• • • • • • •
Wasabi = a spicy dip used with seafood Tofu
Spam = a canned meat, soaked in water Melons Soy sauce
Turkey, beans, sunflowers peppers, and squash (including pumpkins) Corn (Maize)
– Essential crop for the early settlers
– Cornbread, grits, whiskey, moonshine
• Important trade items
•
Common Foods most Americans enjoy Common Popular Foods
• • • • • • • •
Cheesesteak Oatmeal燕麦 Chicken pot pie Chocolate chip cookies Cornbread Corn dog Hamburgers Hot dogs Potatoes
Native American Influences
Other Common Foods
• • • • • •
Hush puppies
Macaroni and cheese Onion Rings Pancake
Peanut butter and jelly sandwich Sloppy Joe
Meals in America: When to eat what Breakfast Foods
• Carbohydrates (碳水化合物) (toast, bagels, cereals, pancakes, doughnuts 油炸圈饼)
• • • • Lunch
Light, quick, sometimes cold Common Lunch foods:
• •
Sandwiches Salads
Sugar (fruit, fruit juice,)) Dairy (milk, cheese, yogurt)
Protein (朊) (eggs, sausage, bacon)
Vegetables- usually combined with eggs (peppers, potatoes, tomatoes, onions)
• Soups
• Fresh fruit and vegetables The “Sack Lunch
30-minute lunch in school
• Children can buy food from the school’s cafeteria, or bring their own “sack lunch” or
“cold lunch” from home
Typical Sack Lunch:
• • • • •
Sandwich
Fruit (apple, banana) Milk, water, juice, soda Vegetable (carrot sticks, celery) Small Dessert
Dinner
• Usually biggest meal of the day Typical American Meal: • Appetizers- salads, soups
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Main Entrée- usually meat
– Beef, chicken, pork, turkey, fish Side Dishes- vegetables Bread
Dessert- fruit, cake, ice cream
Coffee or tea
Typical AmeriMain Entrée: Steak with mushroom sauce Vegetable Sides: Steamed broccoli and mashed potatoes Bread: French rolls Small garden salad
Minestrone soup Dessert: cheesecake Main Entrée: Grilled Chicken
Vegetable Sides: Baked potato and boiled green beans Bread: Cornbread
Chef salad (with egg & ham)
• Broccoli cheese soup
• Dessert: home-made cherry pie Americans always have a drink with meals
• • • •
Have drinks with meals Glasses are BIG
Drinks are usually cold (add ice) Sometimes more than one drink
– Water- cold water served before meal at almost every restaurant and some homes – Other drink- soda (Coke, Pepsi, etc.), fruit juice, alcohol, iced tea, milk
Dining Manners: When eating w/ Americans or in the US…
• Eat quietly- don’t eat your food loudly
• • • • • • •
Eat slowly- talk about pleasant things, share stories, relax No elbows on the table
Sit up straight- don’t bend over plate Serve yourself, but need to serve others Put your napkin on your lap Chew with your mouth closed Don’t talk with food in your mouth
• Don’t take big bites of food
• Don’t spit your bones where people can see! Spit into a napkin!! Americans are picky about meat…
• •
Only eat the skin, fat, and muscle of animals
No eyes, intestines, stomachs, hearts, blood, tongues, heads, brains
American Chinese
• Chefs would create many dishes
•
– Kung Pao Chicken and General Tso's Chicken
American Chinese food uses vegetables as a secondary ingredient instead of emphasizing vegetables (like in China)
• Meat is main ingredient in American Chinese food American Chinese Food
• • • • •
Cooked very quickly with lots of oil and salt Quickly and easily prepared
Inexpensive ingredients
Most common ways of cooking: Stir-frying, pan-frying, and deep-frying using a wok High levels of MSG (味精)
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