图表、图片分析型
图表作文的命题形式是根据图片或者图表，要求考生用简洁、生动的语言把图表中所提供的信息准确、完整地表达出来。然后进行分析和评论，并得出合乎逻辑的结论。图表作文是一种信息的转换。也就是说，写图表作文时，首先要以题目中的要求为指导，审慎读图，准确把握图表传达的信息，将其扩展成文。图表作文往往是以说明为主，图表中的数据是为了说明某个问题而提供的，只要问题能阐释清楚，就不必面面俱到地把所有数据都在文章中引用出来。考生要切忌毫无目的地引用图表中的数据。引用数据过多的同学往往得分很低。
二、图表作文的段落设计
1. 开头段—--说明该图表反映的概况，选择能充分说明主题的典
型数据进行概述；
2. 中间段—--对数据进行仔细地分析比较，归纳出增减速率，找
出产生变化的原因；
3. 结尾段—--写出看完图表后的想法或评论，得出自己的结论。
Structure
From the graph ( table, chart ), we can clearly see the increase ( decrease ) of _______. It added up to ( decreased ) ___________ in 19____, while it
increased ( decreased ,were ,was ) to _____in 19____. Therefore, it can be predicated that ________ is ( are ) to be on the rise ( on the decrease) in the future.
There are chiefly _______ reasons for the increase ( decline ). In the first place, owing to ______, _______have realized the importance of _______. Secondly, with the development of ( with the growth of, with the increase of , with the improvement of ), ________ have adopted more active and effective methods.
In spite of what’s mentioned above, there are some problems. The graph indicates that _______ was ( were ) fluctuated ( 波动 ) . Hence, the situation is still serious and how to improve ________ is still a challenging task. 图表作文模板
①As can be clearly seen from the graph/table/chart,
great changed have taken place in _________ ①图表显示的情况 Or: As is shown in the table/figure, .
②The __________ have/has skyrocketed/jumped from _____ to _____. ② 描述变化
③When it comes to the reasons for the changes, different people give different explanations. Here I shall just give a few. ③概述原因 ④To begin with, . ④ 原因之一 ⑤What’s more, . ⑤原因之二
⑥Last but not least, . ⑥ 原因之三
⑦While it is desirable that ___________, there are still some problems and difficulties for __________ ⑦话题转移 ⑧Firstly, __________ ⑧要点一 ⑨In addition, __________ ⑨要点二 ⑩In a word, __________ ⑩总结
Changes in People Diet Outline:
state the changes in people’s diet in the past five years give possible reasons for the changes draw your own conclusion
From the graph, we can clearly see that great changes have been taking place in people’s diet over the period from 1992 to 1996. The consumption of grain is decreasing year by year, while that of some high energy food, such as milk and meat, is increasing steadily.
There are two major reasons. In the first place, with the improvement in the living standard, people can afford to buy much more expensive food with better nutrition. Secondly, people now pay more attention to the quality of it, because they know it is of great benefit to their health to diet in a scientific way. Therefore, they try their best to improve the structure
of their food.
From the above, we can see that people’s living level has been rising markedly in the past five years. And it can be concluded that there will be a more prosperous future waiting for us.
图表分析型
(1) As is shown in the bar chart above, we can see that college students are now spending much more time on the computer, from one hour to four hours per week from 1990 to 1995. (2)It is self-evident that it sharply increases to twenty hours in the year of 2000. (3) And still, the time that college students spend in using computers is on the rise. (4) Three possible reasons contribute to this phenomenon.(4) One reason is that most college students now can afford a personal computer due to the sharp decline in its price. (5) Another reason is that they find the computer a wonderful thing to have fun with. For instance, they can chat through QQ or playing games online. (6) What’s more, from Internet, they can learn things much more quickly than simply from reading books so that they can secure a good job in the future. (7) All these lead to much more time spent in using computers.
(8) However, in my opinion, there are some complaints from both teachers and students. (9) For one thing, students complain about the less
availability of computers and slow speed of the network. (10) For another, some teachers worry that the much more time spent playing computer games or surfing online will lead students to ignore their studies and even do cheating instead of doing research by their own. (11) To sum up, in spite of problems concerning the use of computer, computer is still of more merits than defects.
Production of Radios and TV Sets in Factory A 根据左图，写一篇120字的短文。 Production of Radios and TV Sets in Factory A
According to the graph, during the period from 1980 to 1989, there was gradual decline in the production of radios in Factory A. It fell from 1,600 sets per month in 1980 to 1,000 ,sets per month in 1989. Thus, there was a total fall of 600 sets per monthly output during the ten years.
On the other hand, there was a marked increase in the product km of TV sets, The factory produced only 200 sets in 1980, but the output rose to 1, 200 sets per month in 1989. Thus. there was a total increase of 1,000 sets per month during the ten years period. The present output appears stable at 1,200 sets per month. Traveling Abroad
补充：
1.As we can see from the chart/graph/table/diagram„ 2.The chart/graph/table/diagram shows that„ As is shown in„; According to„; As can be seen in„ 3.
This
chart/graph/table/diagram
shows
a
great/sharp/sudden/slow/rapid„. increase/drop...
4. To make a generalization; on the whole; in general/generally speaking 5. 表示增长、上升的词汇
increase, rise, climb, go up, soar, skyrocket，副词：sharply, remarkably, obviously, significantly, gradually, slowly
6. 表示下降、减少的词汇decrease, drop, fall, go down, decline 7. 表示持续不变的词汇level off; remain steady/unchanged 8. 表示倍数的词汇
double; triple the number of/the percentage of; four/five times 9. 表示多少的词汇
a little/ much/ a lot more/less than„, over„ 图表作文框架: 第一段只写三句
第一句：As is shown in the graph above, we can see clearly that great changes have taken place in „ from„to„ 第二句：The first „ years saw„ 第三句：The last „ years witnessed „
第二段只写四句
第一句：What has caused this problem? It seems to me that there are „ reasons.
第二句：Firstly, „/ 第三句：Secondly,„/第四句：Finally,„ 第三段只写四句
第一句：How to solve the problem has become a hot issue among many people.
第二句：For one thing, „//第三句：For another, „
第四句：Only in this way can we successfully solve the problem. 不同观点作文 第一段一般只写三句
第一句：It is widely believed that by many people for some time that ... 第二句：One reason they think is that... 第三句：The other reason they hold is that... 第二段一般只写三句
第一句：While others argue that ... 第二句：They maintain that... 第三句：They also claim that... 第三段写四句
第一句：From what has been discussed above, we may come to the conclusion that ...
第二句：On the one hand, ...
第三句：On the other hand, ... 第四句：Only in this way can we ... The Harmfulness of Smoking
1. Show your understanding of the symbolic meaning of the cartoon; 2. Give reasons why smoking is harmful; and 3. How we can solve the problem.
Model Composition
As is shown in the cartoon, when the man is enjoying the cigarette, the smoke becomes a monster （怪物） which will devour him. This picture tells us vividly that smoking is harmful to people.
The harmfulness of smoking can be illustrated in three aspects. First of all, smoking does harm to people’s health. It is common knowledge that many deadly diseases derive from smoking. The best example is lung cancer. In addition, smoking costs a lot of money. It is estimated that tens of billions of yuan is spent on cigarettes every year in our country, which is a huge waste. Last but not the least important, smoking may cause fire. Do you still remember the big fire in Northeastern China which caused serious damages to people’s lives and properties?
Since smoking does so many harms, every one of us should try to do something to put an end to the problem. The government should make
stricter rules to prohibit smoking in public places and the smokers should give up smoking. The Tears of A Bird
1· Describe the cartoon and deduce the purpose of the drawer of the picture;
2· State the harmful effects of the phenomenon; 3· Give suggestions as to how to solve the problem.
As can be clearly seen from the cartoon, a bird is sitting on the top of a huge ax, with tears streaming from its eyes. Because all the trees are cut down, the bird will have no habitat. The cartoon conveys the meaning that it is urgent to preserve the woods for the birds and protect the environment for human beings.
The cutting of trees, as well as the destruction of our environment, may lead to several harms as follows. In the first place, the trees provide us with many vital things we humans need, such as oxygen, food, shelter and so on. The animals, such as the bird in the picture, also need the trees. In the second place, if trees are cut down, then there will be nothing to retain the rain water, thus floods will happen more often in the future. Last but not least, there is only one earth. If the environment is destroyed, then we will have no place to live in.
Since this phenomenon causes so many harmful effects, we have to
come up with some measures to deal with it. First of all, the authorities should adopt the policy of “sustainable development”, just as our government has been doing. What’s more, every citizen should realize the seriousness of the problem and make concerted efforts to protect our environment. Love
Among all the worthy feelings of mankind, love is probably the noblest, but everyone has his/her understanding of it.
There has been a discussion recently on the issue in a newspaper. Write an essay to the newspaper to
1· show your understanding of the symbolic meaning of the picture below,
2· give a specific example, and 3· give your suggestion as to the best way to show love.
It is generally believed that love is a hot topic which is most talked about. This is true not only in China but also in other countries. Love is of the utmost importance to the human beings. As is described in the picture, “love is a lamp which is brighter in darker places.” This is indeed true. People in darker places need more light than ordinary people.
Take my neighbor as an example. There are three members in their family and the two adults were laid off last year. The only child will have to drop out of school next semester. In order to help them, I donated all my money—300 yuan to pay the tuition. And I plan to call on others to donate more money. Though I cannot do a lot, I have given love which is like a lamp in a dark place where light is most needed.
So to sum up, we should offer our help to all who are in need. We expect to get love from others and we also give love to others. I believe that the relationship between people will be harmonious and our society will be a better place for us to live in.
Nowadays many people prefer __________ (主题) because it plays a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. On one hand, _____________(主题的优点1). On the other hand ___________________ (主题的优点2).
However，every coin has its two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent/ evident. One of the important disadvantages is that
_________ (主题的缺点1). To make matters worse, __________ (主 题的缺点2).
Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects far outweigh its negative aspects. Whatever effects it has, it is certain that________ (主题) itself is neither good nor bad. It is the effects to which it is put that determine its value to our society.
问题解决型
问题解决型作文通常首先提出一个有待解决的问题，然后要求考生就该问题提出解决方法、途径，有时还要求考生最后谈论适合自己的方法。这种题型常见的结构模式是：
第一段：导言。描述现状、困难，提出问题。
第二段：方法。列举说明处理某事的方法或解决某个问题的途
径。
第三段：评价、建议或个人选择。针对第二段所阐述的方法给
予简要的评论，也可提出个人建议或选择，并简述理由。
本题型的写作重点在How,即解决办法。 真题实战
How to Succeed in a Job Interview? (2001.1)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of the topic How to Succeed in a Job Interview? You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below.
1. 面试在求职中的作用
2. 取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止、谈吐、能力、专业知识、
自信、实事求是„„
问题解决型 范文欣赏
With the development of our modern society, the interview is becoming more and more important in job-hunting. So it is of great importance for us to master skills on interview. On the one hand, if a job seeker can leave a good impression on the mind of the interviewer, he
may be lucky enough to get the job competed for by many applicants. On the other hand, if the job hunter gives a poor performance during the interview, he is unlikely to stand a chance.
To be successful in a job interview, we have figured out many ways to make an excellent performance in an interview. First, the applicant ought to pay attention to his appearance and manner of speaking. Second, he is supposed to display his ability. Finally, a really impressive job seeker must convey a sense of self-confidence. In a word, if the interviewee displays these characteristics and presents his most attractive qualities during the interview, the interviewer might make an on-the-spot decision to take him on.
To sum up, the job interview is indeed important. It is high time for us to pay attention to the skills. Therefore, if the interviewee has made full preparations for it and given a fairly confident and honest performance, his or her success can be ensured.
How to Succeed in a Job Interview?
Currently, great importance has been attached to interviews by both the employer and the job-hunters. On the one hand, it provides the interviewer with a chance to learn about the interviewees, including their work experience, educational background and personalities so as to pick out the right person. On the other hand, the interviewee can make
use of the opportunity to know the job, including salary, working condition and opportunities for future development. (引出问题)
Therefore, the job interview is very important to a job-hunter. But how can we succeed in it? First of all, dress properly and neatly, since the first impression is one of the keys to success. Secondly, behave politely and confidently. Don’t be too proud, and neither too shy. Show your expertise and abilities to the potential employer with respect and confidence. Last but not the least, the interviewee ought to be honest about his or her personal as well as academic
background, for honesty is the best policy.（解决办法）
To sum up, the job interview is indeed important, but there is no need to be nervous. As long as you put the above principles into practice, you will most probably succeed in it.（总结强调）
Recently，great importance has been attached to____. On the one hand, ________________.On the other hand, _________. （引出问题）
Therefore, ___________ is very important to _______. But how can __________?First of all, _________. Secondly, ____________. Last but not the least, _______ _________（分析解决问题）
To sum up, ____________ is indeed important. As long as you can put the above principles into practice, you will most probably _____________ （总结强调）
With the development of modern society, a growing number of people are concerned about the problem that______________ (主题问题). Accordingly, ____________(伴随主题问题出现 的新问题) is becoming increasingly serious.
Confronted with _______________________ (主题问题)， we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, _____________________ (解决方法1). For another, _______________________________(解决方法2). Finally, _________________________________ (解决方法3). As far as I am concerned, the best way out is ___________ (解决方法3). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because ____________________ (解决方法3的优 点和好处).
1. Nowadays, „ It has become such a serious problem which has aroused the concern from„
2. Recently, the problem of „ has become increasingly serious in „
3. Today, with „, a serious problem has arisen---„ 4. Currently, there is growing concern over„
1. To solve/undo/remove/relieve/get rid of the problem,„ 2. As is known to all, there are many ways/approaches to „ 3. To put an end to this problem, in my opinion, several measures should be taken/ adopted by„
4. If you want to solve the problem, the following advice may be helpful. 5. My suggestions to deal with/ relieve the problem are as follows. In the first place, „
6. At first thought, the problem seems far too involved(复杂), but it can be solved when seriously dealt with.
It is high time that something was done about„ On the whole, it is high time that every one„ It is essential that effective measures be taken to„
In short/ In a word/ In conclusion/ In summary/ In brief/ To sum up/ To conclude/ All in all„
1999.1真题
Don’t hesitate to say “No”
1.别人请求帮助时，在什么情况下我们会说不； 2.为什么有些人在该说不时不说不； 3.该说不时不说不的坏处
Don’t hesitate to say “No”
In our daily life, there are many occasions on which we should say “no” when asked for help. For instance, when it is beyond our ability, we should give a direct negative reply. When the thing we are asked for is unreasonable or even illegal, we should say “no” without hesitation.(引出论点)
However, in our real life, more often than not, it’s not easy to say “no”. For example, some people are afraid to lose their face, for they think refusal means inability. Some people prefer to say “yes” for fear of offending or hurting others when they should say “no”.（论证） In fact, doing like that is quite harmful and dangerous If you agree to do the thing which is beyond your ability, the result will only be worse. And if you agree to do unreasonable or even illegal favors, you would do nothing but harm to others and yourself as well. Therefore, please don’t hesitate to say “no” when you ought to.（论证+总结 强调）
In our daily life，it is believed that___. （引出论点） _________. For example, ______. （分析解决问题） In fact, ____________. If you ___________________, you will __________. Therefore, _______ .（总结强调）
1. It is said that„
2. It is commonly believed that „ 3. It is well-known to all that„ 4. It goes without saying that„ 5. There is no doubt that„ 6. There is no denying that„ 正面论证
1. Many examples can be found to prove that„ 2. As long as„ we will be able to „
3. Only in this way/ when/ through„ , will/ can we„ 反面论证
4. If you„, you will probably„
5. If we let the situation go as it is,„ By that time, „
现象分析型
作文命题是关于某个社会现象或社会问题的，要求考生分析该问题所
产生的原因或造成的后果。 例
2007年12月
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic What Electives to Choose. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 各学校开了各种各样的选修课 学生选课有不同原因 就我而言
What Electives to Choose
Currently, many universities are opening various electives for students to choose, which has aroused great concern. Optional courses provide a good chance for the students to make better use of their spare time.
There are many factors deciding what electives the students choose. Among all these factors, the interests of the students plays a decisive role. On Students Selecting Lecturers (2006. 6)
1. 有些大学允许学生自由选择某些课程的任课教师 2. 学生选择教师时所考虑的主要因素
3. 学生自选任课教师的益处和可能产生的问题
Moreover, many students will consider whether they can learn some practical skills through the electives. Besides, the ability and the prestige of the teacher who teaches the electives will also influence the students’ choice. Consequently, it is no wonder that different students may choose different optional courses.
For my part, I choose history as one of my electives, because not only can it enrich my knowledge but also will it open up my horizons. In a word, different electives own different topics, so electives should be chosen according to our own needs.
Many factors lead to the trend of increasing in examination.
There are several reasons why some people prefer to travel by bike, and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones here.
There are three reasons, I think, for the growing number of ads on TV.(使用插入语)
What is to account for„? In fact the reasons are not difficult to get. First,„ . Second„ .
It may give rise to a host of problems. It will exercise a profound influence upon...
Its consequence can be so great that... Thank you
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