北师大高一英语知识点

2020-01-17 来源：乌哈旅游

-北师大高一英语知识点(总69页)

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北师大版高中英语知识概要与语法总结

必修一 1.共有三个单元 2.各单元知识点

第一单元：一般现在时，现在进行时，be going to 第二单元：一般过去时，过去进行时，现在完成时第三单元：被动语态，情态动词 3.全书单词数量为：204个词组数量为：44

北师大版高一英语必修一第1单元

一.重点句法词法。

Lesson 1

1.疑问句+do you think+陈述句结构。该句式常用来询问对方对某事的意见或想法。Do you think 在句中作插入语。除了think以外，动词believe, imagine, suppose, guess, suggest等也常用于该句式。

Who do you think will give us a talk next week 你觉得下星期谁给我们做报告

What do yor think he will do tomorrow 你认为他明天会做什么

think…but…常用来表达先是肯定然后转折。

I thought he should come by air, but he preferred to drive is new car.

我以为他会坐飞机来，但他更愿意驾驶他的新车。

. Relaxing 是由及物动词relax+ing构成的形容词，意思是“轻松的，令人放松的”。Boring和relaxing的构词法相同，意思是“令人厌烦的，单调乏味的”。

Relaxed“放松的”和 bored“无聊的”常用来修饰人；而relaxing和boring均表示“令人……”，常修饰物。 Mary felt relaxed to make a relaxing conversation with a good friend, while Peter got bored with a lot of boring homework to do.和一个好朋友的轻松交谈让玛丽感到很放松，而要做很多无聊的作业使彼得感到很厌烦。

The teacher said something relaxing to get him relaxed, so Peter decided to do something satisfying to make the tacher satisfied.老师对他说了一些让人放松的事情使他放松，于是彼得决定做点儿令人满意的事情让老师满意。

（认为，猜想）的用法。

(1)suppose+that从句，表示“猜测，假定”。

I suppose that you are right.. 我想你是对的。 (2)supose+名词/代词+to be…表示“认为……是……” Many people suppose him to be over 50.许多人认为他已经50多岁了。

(3)suppose/supposing作“假定，设想”讲，相当于连词if. Suppose you are wrong,what will you do then 假如你错了，你将会怎样做呢

(4)be supposed to“被期望做……，应该做……”表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等，相当于情态动词should.

Am I supposed to clean all the rooms or just this one 我是应该打扫所有房间呢还是只这一间

They were supposed to be here an hour ago. (5)用于简略答语中。

-Do you think we’ll have good weather this weekend 你认为周末天气会好吗

-I suppose so/not. 我想会吧/我想不会。 .

Imagine 常用于祈使句，表示一种假设或设想的情况，用法和意义与suppose基本一样。

Imagine you marry such a lazy man. 想象一下你跟一个这样懒惰的人结婚。

(1)imagine (doing) something. 想象（做）某事。 She imagined walking into the office and handing in her report. 她想象着自己走进办公室，递上报告。 (2)imaging sb. Doing sth. 想象某人做某事

I just can imagine him saying that! 我确实能想象到他那么说！

(3)imagine sb./sth.(to be)认为某人/某事…… Don’t imagine your husband to be always wrong. (4)imagine+that从句想象，误认为

Your can’t imagine he should make such a mistake.你不到他竟然犯了这样的错误。

是复合形容词，作定语，其中year不能用复数。

The Eiffel Tower in Paris is a 120-year-old building. 巴黎的埃菲尔铁塔是一座有着120年历史的建筑。

注意：（1）复合形容词中，被修饰的中心词与动词为主谓关系，该动词用现在分词形式；或动词与其修饰的中心词之间存在被动关系，则该动词用过去分词形式。 English-speaking countries讲英语的国家 a horse-drawn carriage一辆马车

(2)复合形容词中若含有句词，名词往往用单数形式 a three-year-old child一个三岁的孩子

a three-hour-drive开车三小时的行程

7.与turn相关短语

turn on 打开（自来水、电灯、煤气、无线电等） turn off 关掉（自来水、电灯、煤气、无线电等） turn up 把音量调大；出现、露面 turn down 把音量调低；拒绝 turn in 上缴，归还 turn out 结果是，证明是 turn over翻转，翻身 turn to转向，求助于

到……（时间、地点）为止

He stayed here until twelve o’clock. 他在这里一直待到十二点。

Until还可以作连词。not…until…意思是“直到……才……”

He will not give you any answer until he has thought it over. 他对此事仔细考虑之后才会给你答复。

8.与“开、关”有关的词

(1)open/close/shut与door, window, box, book,eyes等连用

(2)switch on/off多与radio, TV, light, computer等连用 (3)turn on/off比switch on/off更通俗，多与radio, gas, water等连用。

引导时间状语从句，意思是“当……的时候，与……同时”，表示两个动作同时进行或两种状态同时存在。

He was still studying while the others were sleeping. While还可以表示“然而、却”，连接两个并列句，含有对比的意味。

Many people try their best to help the homeless while some just stand by.

很多人尽力于帮助那些无家可归的人，而有些人只是袖手旁观。

’t do…without… 这是一个双重否定结构。

Without your help, I couldn’t have made such great progress then.没有你的帮助，我不可能取得那么大的进步。

11.与go有关的相关短语

go about着手干；四处走动；（故事等）流传 go against反对；违背；对……不利 go over检查；复习 go on with继续

go without没有……而勉强应付；没有……也行 go away/out离开；出去

go after sb./sth.追求某人/谋求某事

go through审查，检查，经过，度过；经历（痛苦、困难等） go in for 参加（考试或比赛）；爱好 go wrong/mad出毛病/疯了 go by时光流逝；顺便走访

takes sb. Some time to do sth.

It takes some time for sb. To do sth.

这两个句型是固定句型，意思是“某人花费多少时间做某事”

13.“get+过去分词”构成系表结构，通常强调动作的发生，也可指状态的变化。此类结构还有： get lost 迷路 get dressed 穿衣 get hurt 受伤 get paid得到报酬

get married结婚

14.动词不定式作后置定语。当被修饰的名词或代词有序数词、形容词最高级或next, last only等限定词时，要使用动词不定式作定语。

I am always the first person to get to the office. 我总是第一个到办公室。

Miss Brown is the last person to rise to speak.布朗小姐是最后一个站起来发言的人。

15.与take有关的短语 take up占据 take turns轮流 take off 起飞 take over接收，接管 take in欺骗，收留 take down记下 take on 呈现；雇用

filled with充满着，相当于be full of fill…up with用……装满，填满 fill in填写；度过（时光）

+形容词或副词+that…引导结果状语从句，意思是“如此……以至于……”

(1)so that=in order that

He works very hard so that he can buy his own apartment.他努力工作，为的是能买一套自己的公寓。 (2)such…that作“如此……以至于”讲，连接一个表示结果的状语从句。

He was such an honest man that he was praised by the teacher.他非常诚实，因而受到了老师的表扬。

注意：如果后边的名词前由many, much,few, little等词修饰的话，则不用such而用so.但当little的意思表示“small或young”时，仍然使用such…that…结构。

组成的短语

bring back拿回，带回，恢复，使……想起 bring down降低，使下降 bring up扶养，养育

bring in引起，带来，赚钱，赢利 bring out使显露，生产 bring about使发生，导致

to of sth. 向某人抱怨/诉苦……

complain about sth. to sb. 向某人抱怨某事

She is always complaining about something. 她总是满腹牢骚

Lesson 2

find painting or drwing very relaxing 这句用的是“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构类似的结构有： Find+宾语+形容词/副词 Find+宾语+名词

Find+宾语+现在分词/过去分词/to be不定式 Find+宾语+介词短语

She woke up and found herself in a hospital bed.

lay/place/put stress on 把重点放在……上

place与happen, occur的用法区别

take place:指按计划、安排“发生”；“举行，进行”，相当于hold

happen：指偶然、意外的“发生”；“碰巧”，后面接动词不定式

occur作“发生”解，一般可与happen互换。Occur还表示“想起、想到”

It happened that the driver was his cousin. 那位司机碰巧是他的表弟。

When will the basketball game take place 篮球赛何时举行

The idea occurred to him in a dream.

与suffer from

Suffer:意为“遭受（痛苦、损失）”，其宾语为pain, loss, punishment, wrong, hardship等

Suffer from:指遭受战争、自然灾害带来的苦难及患病之苦 They suffered a great loss in the earthquake. 在地震中，他们遭受了重大损失。

They suffered from all kinds of diseases in those years. 那些年他们身患各种各样的病。

…to 表示“减少到……”；其中介词to表示“减少后的结果”

reduce…by表示“减少了……”；其中介词by表示“减少的程度或幅度”

can’t stand talking in front of others.

“talking in front of others”为动名词短语作stand的宾语

后跟劝名词作宾语的动词还有：consider, admit, avoid, practise, appreciate, risk, imagine等

We are considering buying a new car.我们在考虑买一辆新车。

She tried to avoid answering my questions.她试图避而不答我的问题。

sth./doing sth.更喜欢…… Prefer to do sth.. 宁愿做某事

Prefer sth./doing sth. to sth./doing sth.宁愿……而不愿……

Prefer sb. To do sth.. 宁愿某人做某事

Prefer to do sth. rather than do 宁愿……而不愿…… Prefer that sb. (should) do sth.宁愿某人做某事

Lesson 3

（1）作名词，表示“志愿者”常接介词或不定式

The volunteers for community service are doing a good job. 社区服务的志愿者做得很出色。

（2）作动词，表“自愿去做”常跟to do 不定式

The young man volunteered to help the old man. 那个年轻人主动去帮助那位老年人。 Voluntary: adj. 自愿的，志愿的

She does voluntary work for the Red Cross. 她自愿义务为红十字会工作。

2. pay attention to…注意，留心，重视，相当于fix one’s attention on/upon

Draw/attract one’s attetion (to)引起某人的注意；使某人注意……

Lesson 4

1.连词before引导的时间状语从句

I’m always tried before I arrive at work. 这样每天到办公室内前，我就已感到很疲倦。连词before的常见用法：

（1）it will be/was+时间段+before+时间状语从句：过了（一段时间）……才……

It was quite a few years before he finally finished his novel. 过了好多年他才写才了这本小说（2）It won’t be/wasn’t+时间段+before+时间状语从句：没过多久……就……

It won’t be long before we meet again.

（3）强调从句动作还没有发生，主句动作就发生了，作“还没来得及/没等……就”讲

Before I could sit down he offered me a cup of tea. 没等我坐下，他就给我端上一杯茶。（4）趁着……

Try to grasp the opportunity before it is too late. 趁现在还不晚，一定要抓住机会。

2.有关make sure的短语 (1) make sure that+宾语从句

注意：make sure 后面常接that引导的宾语从句，后接名词时需加介词of/about一般不用不定式，没有make sure to do sth.的句型。

(2) be sure to do sth.务必/一定会做某事

(3) be sure of/about… be sure that+从句，表示肯定……，对……有把握

, specialy, particularly

especially:意为“尤其、特别地”。用来加强语气，常用在所强调的主语、介词短语、形容词、副词及状语从句前。 specially:意这“特意的，专门地”。强调不广泛，是专门为某一目的而进行的特地行为。

Particularly：=in particular“特别的，尤其”；表过某事不寻常、过分或特别重要。常用于修饰名词、介词短语。

4. at the moment此刻，目前，常用于现在进行时 For the moment暂时，目前 For a moment片刻，一会儿 In a moment 立刻，马上 The moment“一……就……”

…anymore和no more意思想同，表示“不再……”

Hurry up! I can’t wait anymore. = Hurry up! I can no more wait.. 快点，我不能再等了。

a result因此，结果

As a result of +n./pron.由于…… Result in 导致，造成……结果 Result from起因于，由于

Without result毫无结果地，徒劳地

up with 提出，想出（计划、主意等） Come across偶然遇到 Come about发生，产生

Come out（花儿）开放；出版权，发行； Come true成真，变成现实

8. include与contianin

Include作“包含”解时，其后的宾语只是整体中的一部分，侧重于范围

Contain作“包含”解时，其后的宾语指的是整体的全部或部分，侧重于内容

The bottle contains two glasses of beer.这瓶子能装两杯啤酒。

Six people were killed, including a child. 6人死亡，其中包括一句小孩。

9. “主语+be+said/thought/believed/supposed等+动词不定式”句型表示“据说，人们说……”，相当于”It is/was+said/thought/believed/supposed等+that从句” It is said that Sydney is beautiful.

a difference：有关系，有影响 Make no difference:没有影响 Make some difference：有一些影响二.语法 1.一般现在时构成和句式：

肯定式：主语+do/does 或be(me/is/are)+其他否定式：主语+do/does+not或be(me/is/are)+not+其他疑问式：Do/Does或Be(am/is/are)+主语+其他用法：

（1）表示现在发生的动作或存在的状态。 You look good in this new suit.

（2）表示经常性，习惯性的动作或存在的状态。常与usually, often, always, every day, sometimes, once a month, never等连用。

I often feel cold at this time of year. （3）表示普遍真理和客观存在的事实。

But it is spring now. It is warm in spring.

（4）表示计划、安排好的将来动作。常用表示位置转移的动词。如go, come, arrive, leave, start, begin等。 The train leaves a 3:30 .

（5）在时间或条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

We’ll go to the park if it does not rain tomorrow.

2.现在进行时构成和句式：

肯定式：主语+ be(me/is/are)+doing+其他否定式：主语+ be(me/is/are)not+doing+其他疑问式：be(me/is/are)+主语+doing+其他用法：

（1）表示正在时行的动作。 Peter, what are you doing there?

（2）表示现阶段正在进行而此刻不一定进行的动作。 We are studying Spanish this semester.

（3）表示将要发生的动作，一般跟时间状语，表明动作发生的时间。常见的动词有arrive, begin, come, go, leave,start, stay等。

He is leaving for London next week. （4）表示发展中或正在改变的情况

The weather is getting colder and colder. （5）现在进行时可与always, forever, continually, constantly等副词喧嚣用，表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作，含有抱怨、赞叹、厌倦等感情色彩。 He is always changing his mind.

（6）用于动词hope, want, 和wonder等，表示一种比一般现在时态更委婉的证据。

I am wondering if you can lend me your bike.

3.一般将来时构成及用法：

（1）“will+动词原形”，常用来表示将来存在的状态、将要发生的动作；还可表示一种没有经过仔细考虑的主观意图，可能是在说的当时才作出的决定。 It will be my birthday in two days.

I will buy you a new car for your birthday.

（2）“be going to+动词原形”：可以表示近期的打算，常用来表示事先已经决定或安排要做的事，常译为“准备做……”或“打算做……”；还可以表示“有迹象表明或预示着……”。

How are you going to spend your weekend?

（3）现在进行时表示将来：现在进行时往往表示计划好或准备要做的事。若用一些表示位置转移的终止性动词，如go, come,leave, start, begin, take等，则表示马上要做某事。 I’m taking the kids to the zoo this Sunday.

（4）一般现在时表示将来：主要指严格按昭原定计划、时刻表将要发生的事情；在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。

I will return your car I you remember to buy a new car for my birthday.

（5）“be to+动词原形”表示将来：这种结构表示计划中约定的或按职责、义务和要求必须做的事或即将发生的动作。 I am to do some shopping.

（6）“be about to+动词原形”表示将来：这一结构表示眼下马上要发生，不强调主观，一般不能与具体的时间状语连用。 Oh, the store is about to close.

北师大版一轮复习必修一单元练习 Unit 1 Lifestyles 1．—How’s your tour around the North LakeIs it beautiful

—It ________ be，but it is now heavily polluted. A．will B．would C．should D．must

2．The train________ arrive at 11∶30，but was an hour late.

A．was about to B．was likely to C．was supposed to D．was certain to 3．Progress so far has been very ，we are sure that

the project will be completed on time. A．However B．Otherwise C．Therefore D．Besides 4．During the war，he________ much pain. A．is suffered B．suffered

C．was suffered D．was suffered from 5．I would keep my________ from that dog，if I were you—it will bite.

A．space B．distance C．length D．reach 6．The old lady came in，________ herself with a walking stick.

A．raising B．supporting C．lifting D．rising

7．Ladies and gentlemen，please switch________ your mobile phones！The plane is taking off. A．over B．on C．to D．off

8．—Would you like me________ the radio a bit? —No，it’s all ’m used to________ with the radio________.

A．to turn up；work；on B．to turn down；working；off

C．turning up；working；off down；working；on

D．to turn

9．After studying in a medical college for five years，Jane________ her job as a doctor in the countryside.

A．set out B．took over C．took up D．set up

10．—Four dollars a pair？I think it’s a bit too much.

—If you buy three pairs，the price for each will________ to three fifty.

A．come down B．take down C．turn over D．go over

11．When day broke，we found ourselves________ on the shore.

A．lying B．lain C．lay D．to lie 12．—Have you finished your homework?

— A．How about you B．How come C．How so D．How about it 13．—John！Is this bag yours?

— is the same bag________ I lost did you find it?

A．which B．as C．that D．so

14．________ about the economic crisis that he decided to look for more information about it.

A．So curious he was B．So curious was he C．Such curious he was D．Such curious was he

15．Does_______ matter whether he can finish the job on time

A．this B．that C．he D．it

北师大版高一英语必修一第2单元

Warm-up 的用法

calm down平静下来

keep clam/remain calm保持冷静 calm oneself down使自己镇静下来词汇辨析：

calm:平静的，沉着的，指无风浪或人的心情不激动

You should keep calm even in face of danger. quiet:宁静的，安静的。指没有声音、不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、忧虑

Could you keep the kids quiet while I’m on the phone?

still:静止的，不动的，指没有运动或动作的状态 Keep still while I brus your hair.

silent:寂静的，沉默的，不出声的。指没有声音或不讲话。 He was silent for a moment, then began his answer.

慷慨的，大方的

be generous to sb.对某人宽容 be generous with sth.(用钱等)大方

It is/was generous of you to take so much interest in my work.

He is always generous with money when his friends turn to him for help.

: n性格，品质。一般用来指人的性格特征。

characteristic：adj 特征的，特性。一般用来指一事物与他物区别的不同的特征。

Lucy and Lily are twins, but they have different characters.

A characteristic of this species is the blue stripes.

Lesson 1 一.句法与词法

1.多个词一起修饰一个名词，其顺序通常为：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠。 The old lady wants to buy a beautiful red Chinese silk dress for her daughter as a present.

In the middle of the room stands a beautiful round wooden table.

from:从……中挑选

choose…as…:挑选……作为……

v.（使）分离；（使）分开；分手 adj.单独的；独立的词汇辨析：

separate:表示“将……与……分开”，指把原来连在一起或靠近的分隔开来

separate…from…把……和……分开

It’s impossible to separate belief from emotion.信仰和感情是分不开的。

divide：往往指把某个整体划分为若干部分 divide…into…把……分成……

The world is divided into seven continents and four oceans.世界分成七大洲和4大洋。

of…由于……，因为……

后面常跟名词、代词、动名词。because是连词，引导从句 He failed the final game because of his carelessness. =He failed the final game because he was careless. I come back because of the rain.

Liwei had several tasks to complete during the flight and only slept in the spaceship for about 3 hours. 本句中不定式to complete作后置定语修饰tasks，由于tasks作其宾语，不定式动词又和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，所以不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。如果没有这种主谓关系，则不定式需要用被动形式。

I have got a letter to write.

The manager has a letter to be typed.

当不定式作表语形容词的状语，又和句中的主语构成动宾关系时，这时用不定式的主动形式表被动意义。常可以样用的形容词一般有：easy, difficult, hard, pleasant, nice, interesting等。

The grammar book is difficult to understand. The task is necessary to finish in time.

Liwei showed the flags of China and the United Nations, expressing the wishes of the Chinese people to explore and use space peacefully.

Expressing the wished of the …….为现在分词短语用作伴随状语，与句子主语之间构成上的主动关系。

They came into the classroom, following the little boy. 现在分词除了可作伴随状语，还可作方式、条件、原因、让步、结果、时间状语。

Her mother died, leaving her with four younger brothers and sister. （表结果）

Being too old, he couldn’t walk that far. （原因状语）

out释放，放开；泄露（秘密、消息等）；发出（叫喊等）；放宽，放大（衣服等）

They were let out of prison last month. let alone更不用说 let down使某人失望

The baby can’t ever walk, let alone run. I’m afraid she let us down. of

当hundred, thousand, million, dozen等以单数形式存在时，其前常用表示具体数量的词或several, some, many等修饰。

当hundred, thousand, million, dozen等以复数形式存在时，其后要加of，但前面不能用表示数量的词修饰。

v.挥手致意，招手；起伏 n.波浪，挥手 wave at/to sb.向某人挥手/摆手 wave sth. at sb.向某人挥动某物

wave goodbye to sb.= wave sb. goodbye.向某人挥手告别

…to…太……而不能……

在此结构中，too后面跟形容词或副词，to后面跟动词原形

该结构还可以拓展为too…for sb. to…

(1)当too后的形容词是表示心情的形容词时，如glad, pleased, surpised, happy, eager, anxious等，此时，too相当于very或very much.

I’m too glad to meet you.见到你我非常高兴。 (2)too…to…与never, not等连用时，也表示肯定意义。 It is never too late to mend.亡羊补牢未为晚也。 (3)a little, a bit, rather, a lot, all, much等都可以修饰too，表示不同的程度。Very, fairly, quite, pretty等词不能用来修饰too.

Joan tried on the skirt. It was a bit too big for her. =at that time 这时，在那时（表示动作发生的突然性）

in one’s opinion 在某人看来

(就自己而言，就我个人而言), as far as I（在我看来） equal to…… 与……相等/平等

be equal to (doing) sth. 胜任（做）某事 14. struggle to do sth. 努力去做某事 struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来 struggle against 与……作斗争 +反对的对象 struggle for 为（争取）……而斗争/奋斗 +目的 struggle with （1）与……作斗争，（2）和……一起搏斗 v. 判断，断定；估计，评价

judging from/by ……根据……判断 content to do sth. 对(做) ……满意 be content with sth. n. 技术，技能，技巧

skilled adj. 有技能的，熟练的；需要特殊技能的 be skilled in 熟悉/擅长…… adj. 习惯的，使用过的 useful adj. 有用的，有益的 useless adj无用的 uselessness n. 无用，无效

二．重点语法 1．一般过去时构成和句式：

构成：主语+动词过去式或be(was, were)

句式：否定句not加在did或be后，疑问句把did或be提到主语前。用法：（1）

表过去某一时刻发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表

示过去的时间状语连用。

I visited the Water Cube a month ago.

（2）表示过去一段时间内经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。

We sometimes went to swim last summer. （3）表示过去相继发生的一系列的连续动作。

He got up, washed his face, and went to school by bus. （4）在时间、条件、让步、方式等从句中表示过去将来的动作。

Tom said he would come if I promised to wait for him. （5）used to do或would do表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

I used to leave for work a 7:30.

（6）在虚拟证据中表示现在或将来的情况，常和could, would等连用。

If I had time, I would go and visit you. （7）和一般过去时连用的时间状语有two weeks ago, yesterday, last week, the other day, during the night, in ancient times, once upon a time, in those days, earlier this month等。

Mr Smith came to see you just now.

2．过去进行时构成和句式：

构成： was\\were+doing

句式：否定句not加在be，疑问句把be提到主语前用法：（1）

表示过去某一时或过去某一阶段内正在进行的动

作。

I was watching the football match at this time yesterday.

（2）表示另外一个动作发生的时间背景。

It was snowing when they got to the top of the mountain.

（3）可与always, forever, continually, constantly等副词连用，表示过去反复出现的或习惯性的动作，带有感情色彩。

She was always ringing me up when I was in London. (表示厌烦)

（4）go, come, leave, start, arrive等位移动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。

Nobody knew whether she was coming.

（5）和过去进行时连用的时间状语有at that time, at this time last Sunday, at 2 o’clock yesterday afternoon, all morning, the whole night等。

What were you doing at this time last night?

过去进行时与一般过去时的区别：

一般过去时常表示在过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态（包括过去习惯性动作）；过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作

Lesson 3 Sports Stars 1.get on 融洽相处，进展

He gets on well with his classmates.

get on well with也可以说成get along well with,后接sb.表示“与某人相处得好”；接sth.表示“某事进展如何”。 get through通过（考试等）；接通（电话） get away 走开，离开 get away from摆脱 get around四处走动；说服 get in 收割

get over恢复过来；克服 get together聚集，相聚

2.since then“从那以后”，相当于from then on,可以放在句子开头或末尾。

Since then, he has developed another bad habit. Since的基本用法

(1)prep. “自……以来”，后面接名词或名词性短语，经常与现在完成时连用。

I have been there many times since the war.

(2)conj.“自……以后，自……以来”，后面接时间状语从句，从句中一般用一般过去时，主句中用现在完成时。 Ten years has passed since I graduated form the university.

意为“因为，既然”，引导原因状语从句。

Since you misunderstood Alice, you should say sorry to her.

3.look back回首，回忆有关look的短语小结 look back on 回忆……

look out (for...)当心（……） look through浏览 look up查阅；向上看 look down upon/on...轻视 look forward to sth.盼望……

4.compete v.比赛，竞赛 competition n.比赛

competitor n.[c]竞争者，对手，比赛者 competitive adj.竞争的，有竞争力的 in competition with和……竞争/比赛 compete in参加……比赛 compete for为……竞争/比赛 compete against/with sb.与某人竞争

5.so that以便于

(1)so that既可以表结果，也可表目的。

I hired a boat so that I could go fishing.我租了一条船，为的是可以去钓鱼。

(2)so...that...结构中，“so+形容词/副词”位于句首时，句子用倒装结构。

So hard does he work that he seldom goes home.他工作那么努力，几乎不回家。

6.keen adj.热心的；渴望的 He is keen on winter sports. Be keen on 喜欢；热衷于

Be keen (for sb.) to do sth.渴望（某人）做某事

I wasn’t keen on going to the party.我不太想去参加这次聚会。

I’m not keen to go again.我不太想再去了。

7.come to an end结束，终止达成 at the end of ...在……尽头；在……末端 in the end终于；最后 by the end of...到……末 come to an end结束

put an end to...结束，使终止 at the end结束；终结 bring...to an end使……结束

注意：come to an end是不及物动词短语，不能跟宾语，而put an end to与bring...to an end均为及物动词短语，后可跟宾语。

I hope the war will come to an end soon. =I hope we will put and end to the war soon. =I hope we will bring the war to an end soon.

8.amazing adj.令人惊讶的，令人惊异的 amazed adj.感到惊讶的 amazement n.惊讶

amaze vt.使惊奇 amaze, surprise和shock

amaze：强调“使心慌，困惑”间或还有“惊奇、佩服”的意思，比surprise更具有意外性

surprise：指一般的吃惊或令人感到意外。 shock：意为“震惊”，吃惊的程度最大。 I was amazed by his calmness.

It surprised me to see so many people there. We were all shocked at the news of his death.

9.event n.事件，大事；比赛项目 event/matter/affair/thing用法辨析

event：通常指具有很大影响、意义重大的事件或运动会的比赛项目。

matter：意为“事情，问题”，通常指遇到的意外麻烦或令人烦恼的“问题”。

affair：指已经发生或必须去做的事情，通常用复数形式表示“事物，事态”。

thing：意为“事情，东西”，指大事，小事，好事，坏事，但一般不用来指专门的事务。

The fashion show is an annual event. What’s the matter with you today?

We should be concerned about state affairs. To say is one thing but to do is another.

10.progress n.[U]进步，进展

Make progress取得进步，取得进展（常与good, great, rapid, no等形容词连用）

Make progress in...在……方面取得进步 2、重点句式

agree and disagree（赞同或者反对） I agree/I think… 我认为…… in my opinion… 在我看来…… 语法：现在完成时构成：

肯定式：have/has+过去分词

否定式：have/has not+过去分词+其他疑问式：have/has+主语+过去分词+其他？ I have already finished all the work. I have not read this book before. Have you finished your homework? 用法：

1.表示过去发生的动作对现在所产生的影响，句中常与already, just, yet, before, ever, never等副词连用。 --Have you had lunch yet?

--Yes, I have. I’ve just had it.

2.从过去某时开始的动作、状态一直持续到现在，常和for, since, so far, up to now, till now, in the past (last) few years...，this week (month, year...), all day, all this week等时间状语连用。

Her life has run smoothly up to now. He has been teaching here since 1981.

注意：一些短暂性动词即含有终止或短暂意义的动词，如begin, end, die, buy, borrow, come, arrive, join, marry等通常不和表示一段时间的状语连用，需要时要用相应的表示延续状态的动词替换。

He has borrowed a book from the library.他已从图书馆借了一本书。

He has kept the book for a week.那本书他已借了一个星期了。

3.在时间或条件状语从句中，现在完成时代替将来完成时，表示将来某个时刻之前已经完成的动作。

I shall go as soon as I have finished my lessons.我一完成我的功课就走。

Once you have promised ,you should keep it.你一旦许下诺言，务必遵守。 4.常用句型：

a.It is the first/second...time that...that从句要用现在完成时。

b.This is the+最高级+名词+that...that从句要用现在完成时。

This is the best film that I’ve (ever) seen. This is the first time (that) I’ve heard him sing. 注意：现在完成时和一般过去时的区别：

两者都可表示过去发生过的动作，但前者表示的是过去的动作对现在的影响或有可能继续下去，而后者则表示过去动作的事实或该过去动作现已终止。

I’ve lived here for ten years.我在这里住了10年。（现在仍住这儿）

I lived here for ten years. 我在这里住过10年。（现在不住这儿了）

北师大版一轮复习必修一单元练习Unit 2 Heroes

1．Ten years ago the population of our village was ________that of theirs.

A．as twice large as B．twice as large as C．twice as much as D．as twice much as

2．I do not feel equal to________ her the truth. A．tell B．told

C．telling D．being told 3．People are struggling________ pollution. A．for B．against C．to D．on

4．The police chief advised his men to keep________ and not lose their tempers. A．calm B．quiet C．still D．silent

5．After she made herself up，she ________ herself in the mirror. A．found B．admired C．showed D．enjoyed

6．“Neal，listen，” she said，looking straight at him.“I ask you not to get________ in this kind of ’s none of your business.” A．caught B．involved C．attached D．connected 7．The building work will go ahead，despite________ from local residents.

A．protection B．hope C．protest D．favor

8．Jordan’s performance________ his teammates and they finally beat the other team. A．signaled B．promoted C．opposed D．inspired 9．Disabled Australian woman________，she is greatly respected________ 10 Paralympic Games. A．although she is；to take part in B．though she is；to have joined

C．as she is；to have competed in D．while she is；having participated in

10．I’d like to have a car________. A．of my own B．on my own C．my own D．own

11．—How are you managing to do your work without an assistant? —Well，I________ somehow. A．get along B．come on C．watch out D．set off 12．—Hi， you like to go to the concert this evening?

—Sorry，Tom. ________ tomorrow’s lessons，I have no time to go out with you.

A．Not preparing B．Not having prepared

C．Not to prepare D．Being not prepared 13．It is________ for us to deal with.

A．an enough difficult situation B．such a difficult situation

C．too difficult a situation D．so difficult a situation

14．How________ I________ what has become of him A．am；to know B．am；knowing C．was；to know D．will；know

15．—My mother is preparing my favorite with me and have a taste，okay?

— I’ll be glad to meet your parents. A．I think so B．I’d love to C．I’m sure D．I hope so

2012届高考英语一轮复习顶尖学案：必修1 Unit 3

Celebration 庆祝（北师大版）

核心词汇

1．He seized the o____________ to invite her home for dinner.

2．We should ____________(运用)both theories in the language classroom.

3．There may be an o____________ for you to see the chairman of the board tomorrow.

take their responsibilities s____________ so you should believe in them.

5．Her hair was in a terrible m____________. 6．Children must be educated to ____________ (服务)their country when they grow up.

7．He supported that country’s ____________(进入)into the European Common Market.

8．The party will be in c____________ of Mother’s silver wedding.

9．He ____________ nothing to us，in other words，he made no ____________ to us.(contribute)

1．occasion 6．serve ；contributions 高频短语

1．________________ 烧毁 2．________________ 参加，参与 3．________________ 请求，申请 4．________________ 根据，依据 5．________________ 即使 6．________________ 给……吹气 7．________________ 竖起，建造 8．________________ 继续，坚持 9．________________ 也 10．________________ 一点儿 11．________________ 扑灭 12．________________ 洗掉，冲走 13．________________ 化装，打扮 14．________________ 醒着

down part in for on if/though up up on

up awake

well bit of out away重点句式

1．On this day，the moon ________________ its biggest and brightest.

据说这天的月亮最大最亮。

2．... nowadays，there are ______________ moon cakes ________fruit，coffee，chocolate and even icecream moon cakes.

……现在有许多不同种类的月饼，包括水果的、咖啡的、巧克力的，甚至有冰激凌的月饼。重点句式

3．Nowadays，most lanterns ________________ light bulbs and batteries，and they ____________ many shapes and sizes.

现在大部分灯笼用灯泡和电池做成，并且还呈现各种形状和大小。

4．The bridegroom’s best man then goes with the couple to the church，________________. 然后伴郎伴随着新郎、新娘去教堂结婚。

5．My sister，Alison，and I sat down in front of the fire and wrote a letter to Father Christmas ____________________.

我的姐姐艾莉森和我坐在火炉前，给圣诞老人写信，告诉他我们想要的礼物。

6．We tried to stay awake ________________ to see Father Christmas but the next thing we knew it was morning.

为了能看到圣诞老人，我们尽可能醒着不睡，但是我们醒来就是圣诞节的早晨了。

7．__________________________，now full of all kinds of small presents and sweets.

装满了各种各样的小礼物和糖果的长统袜放在床的底部。 8．________________any village that did not give food would have bad luck.

人们认为那些没有施舍食物的村子将会有灾难降临。 said to be different kinds of；including

made

with；come in be married him about all the presents we wanted long as possible the bottom of the bed was the stocking was believed that 知识详解

1 .occasion n．时候，时刻；场合；原因，理由；时机，机会

(回归课本P36)The MidAutumn Festival is important because it is a special occasion for family. 中秋节之所以重要是因为对于家人来说它是特殊的时刻。归纳拓展

on occasion有时，间或

on several occasions屡次，好几次on special occasions在特殊场合

on the occasion of在……的时候，值此之际

①(2010年高考陕西卷)There are many occasions for giving gifts in modern industrialized societies. 在现代的工业社会中有许多场合是要送礼物的。

②He has been known on occasion(s) to lose his temper. 大家都知道他有时会发脾气。

③On one occasion，he called me in the middle of the night.

有一次，他深更半夜打电话给我。

④He was presented with the watch on the occasion of his retirement.

他在退休时获赠这块手表。例句探源

1．As he works in a remote area，he visits his parents only________.

A．occasionally B．anxiously C．practically

D．urgently

解析：选A。occasionally偶尔地；anxiously焦急地；practically实用地，实际地；urgently紧急地。句意：因为他在一个边远的地区工作，所以他只能偶尔地回去看望他的父母。

2 .include vt. 包括，包含；把……包括在内 (回归课本P36)．..，but nowadays，there are many different kinds of moon cakes including fruit，coffee，chocolate and even icecream moon cakes. ……但现在有许多不同种类的月饼，包括水果的、咖啡的、巧克力的甚至冰淇淋的。归纳拓展

including prep.包括，包括在内。后接名词或代词included adj.包括在内的。用在名词或代词后面例句探源

①The price includes postage charges. 价格包括邮资在内。

②(2010年高考湖南卷)Muscle(肌肉)problems that can lead to kidney(肾脏) problems，including kidney failure.

肌肉问题能导致肾脏问题，包括肾衰竭。

2．When buying yogurt，always check the label to make sure it ________ live bacteria. A．includes B．contains C．covers

D．contributes

解析：选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：在买酸奶的时候，一定要检查一下标签来确定一下里面是否含有活细菌。live bacteria是yogurt的内含成分，是包含关系，应用contains。

3 .celebration n. [U]庆祝，庆典；[C]庆祝活动；庆祝会 (回归课本P36)It marks the end of the Chinese New Year celebrations.

它标志着中国新年庆典的结束。

celebrate sth.庆祝，祝贺(宾语为物，如节日庆典、结婚纪念、生日庆贺等)

congratulate sth./doing sth.就某事向某人祝贺(宾语为人)

in celebration of/for the celebration of为了庆祝…… 归纳拓展

①(牛津P417)I congratulatedon

②(牛津P306)How do people celebrate New Year in your country?

你们国家的人怎样庆贺新年？例句探源

3．—My daughter has passed the exam. —________！She is really intelligent. A．Congratulations

B．Celebrate you and your daughter C．I wish you good luck D．Come here

解析：选A。口语中向别人表示祝贺常用congratulation的复数形式。

4 .power n.权力，影响力；力量

(回归课本P36)In one story，lanterns were lit to celebrate the power of light over darkness. 在一个故事中，灯笼被点起来去庆祝光明赶走黑暗。归纳拓展

in power当权的，在朝的

in one’s

come to/into power(开始)掌权，上台

do all in one’s power尽力，竭尽全力

have one’s power 控制住某人；能摆布某人power为某人力所能及例句探源

The party expects to be back in power after the election.

该党希望大选以后能重新掌权。易混辨析

energy，power，force，strength

(1)energy指“力”时是依照物理学定义“能”的意思，用在人身上指人生理上的“精力”。

(2)power一般是无论身心隐藏的或外显的力都称为power，其意义为“能力”，也可指水电等发制的“能源”，另有“权力”之意。

(3)force着重指克服障碍，推动人或物朝所要求的方向运动或能产生明显效应的能量。另外可作“武力”解。

(4)strength指身体组织内存在的“体力，力气”，也可用于指人的“长处，优势”。

①It is beyond the power of modern technology to cure him of his strange disease.

②(牛津P794)The rioters were taken away by force. ③(牛津P660)She put all her energies into her work. ④(牛津P1997)He pushed against the rock with all his strength.

4．用power，force，strength的适当形式填空

(1)She didn’t even have the ________ to stand up.

答案：strength

(2)The release of the hostages could not be achieved without the use of ________. 答案：force

(3)New driving regulations are going to come into ________ later this year. 答案：power

5 .serve vt. 招待，侍候；服务 vi. 服役

(回归课本P36)Sweet dumplings are boiled and served in hot water.香甜的水饺被煮好并且连汤一起端上来。归纳拓展

serve sb.(＝serve sth.)为某人提供某物serve sth.把某物和某物一起端上务；服役；供职；帮佣例句探源

①(牛津P1820)They served a wonderful meal to more than fifty delegates.

他们招待五十多位代表吃了一餐美味佳肴。

②(网络)My father served in the navy during the Second World War.

我父亲在第二次世界大战期间在海军服役。

③His father served as a gardener and chauffeur.

serve in/on/under服

serve as为……工作；当……用

他父亲做园艺工人兼司机。

5．(2010年高考山东卷)Your house is always so neat—how do you________it with three children? A．manage C．adapt

B．serve

D．construct

解析：选A。句意：你的家总是这么整洁——你是怎样带着三个孩子打理得那么好的？manage成功做成(某事)，完成(困难的事)，应付(困难局面)；serve服务；adapt适应，改写；construct建设。it在这里指代“Your house is always so neat...”这一现象。 6 .apply v.申请；应用

(回归课本P116)There were twenty other people applying for the job！另外还有二十个人来申请这份工作！归纳拓展例句探源

①I applied to four universities and was accepted by all of them.

我申请了四所大学，全都录取我了。

②His suggestions didn’t apply to the management of the company.

他的建议并不适用于公司的管理。

③Qian Xuesen always applied himself to the scientific research.

钱学森致力于科学研究。

④(牛津P81)Further information is available on application to the principal. 申请书请交给校长，届时将提供详情。

6．(2010年高考江西卷)Parents________much importance to will do their best to give their children that priceless gift. A．attach C．link

B．pay D．apply

解析：选A。句意：父母认为教育很重要。他们会尽全力给他们的孩子那份无价的礼物。本题考查动词短语搭配。attach much importance to...认为……很重要；link...to...把……与……联系起来；apply(...)to运用，应用。 7 .attend vt. 出席；照料

(回归课本P40)Everyone can attend the reception afterwards.

后来任何人都可以参加招待会。归纳拓展

attend a meeting/lecture出席会议/听演讲attend school/church上学/去教堂

be well attended出席……的人数很多be attended by由……陪同；由……照料attend to专心，注意；接待，招待例句探源

①She reminds me that evening I still should attend a meeting.

她提醒我那天晚上我还要出席一个会议。

②(朗文P113)I may be late — I have got one or two things to attend to.

我也许会迟到——我有一两件事要处理。

7．(2010年高考江苏卷)Thousands of foreigners were ________ to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened. A．attended B．attained C．attracted

D．attached

解析：选C。考查动词辨析。attend参加，出席；attain达到，获得；attract吸引；attach系上，绑上，贴上。句意：上海世博会开放当天吸引了成千上万的外宾。根据句意应选C项。A项错误，因为主语foreigners与attend是主谓关系，不能使用被动语态。 8 .opportunity n.机会

(回归课本P116)It’s a great opportunity... 它是个很好的机会……

归纳拓展

provide/have/get/find/create an opportunity提供/有/得到/找到/创造机会

an opportunity of/for sth./to do sth.(做)某事的机会/良机

take the opportunity to do sth./of doing sth.趁机做某事，借此机会做某事例句探源

①(朗文P1606)Games and songs provide the perfect opportunity for classroom interaction and language development.

游戏和唱歌为全班相互交流和发展语言能力提供了良好的机会。

②(牛津P1400)At least give him the opportunity of explaining what happened.

至少给他机会解释一下发生了什么事。易混辨析

opportunity，chance

(1)opportunity侧重指有利于或适合于采取行动，以达到某一目的或实现某种愿望的最佳时机或机会。

(2)chance侧重指偶然或意外的机会，常意味着因运气或偶然而出现的机遇。

①Soon he had an opportunity of explaining that to her. ②It was the chance she had been waiting for. 8．用opportunity，chance的适当形式填空

(1)Ralph was waiting for a ________ to introduce himself. 答案：chance

(2)There are far more ________ now for school leavers than there were fifty years ago. 答案：opportunities

9 .contribute vt. & vi. 捐献，贡献，捐助；投稿 (回归课本P40)But don’t worry，you don’t have to contribute a lot of money.但是别担心，你不需要捐那么多钱。归纳拓展

①Many people contributed their money to the quakehit area，which contributed to the development of the area. 许多人向地震灾区捐款，这有利于该地区的发展。 ②The schoolgirl has contributed to many newspapers and magazines.

这位女学生已经向很多报纸、杂志投稿。例句探源

9．It is believed that the increase in unemployment________the rise in crime. A．contributes to C．adapts to

B．belongs to D．related to

解析：选A。belong to属于；adapt to适应于；relate to与……相关。contribute to在此意为“有助于”，符合句意。句意：人们相信失业的增加促使犯罪行为的增加。 10 .burn down 烧毁；火力变弱

(回归课本P36)The story was about a god who wanted to burn down the town.

这是有关于一个想把那个城镇烧成平地的神的故事。归纳拓展

burn... to the ground把……烧光；把……烧成平地burn up烧光，烧毁；烧得更旺；消耗热能；发烧，体温高burn off烧掉；消耗(能量或脂肪)；消散

burn out烧空(主要指建筑物或车辆的内部)；(精力)耗尽burn...to ashes烧成灰烬例句探源

10．The ancient church was almost ________ before the firefighters managed to control the big fire. A．burned down B．burned out C．burned off

D．burning up

解析：选A。指建筑物被烧毁应用burn down；burn out“烧得精光”；burn off 烧掉；burn up“烧起来，旺起来”。 11 .depend on 根据，依据；依靠；依赖；信赖

(回归课本P116)Well，of course it depends on what kind of party it is.噢，当然它是由什么样的聚会来决定的。 depend on/upon sth.依靠某物；由……决定sth.指望/依靠某人做某事

depend on do

depend on/upon sb./ sth.

指望/依靠某人/某物提供某物

depend on it that...相信某件事(it是形式宾语，真正的内容是that从句)

depend on＋whclause依赖于……That depends./It all depends.归纳拓展例句探源

①(朗文P395)You can’t depend on John—he nearly always arrives late.

你可不能信赖约翰——他几乎总是迟到的。

②(2010年高考上海卷)If our parents do everything for us children，we won’t learn to depend on ourselves. 要是我们的父母为我们做任何事情，我们就不能学会自力更生。

这很难说，得看情况。

11．You may depend on________that your parents will help you. A．them

B．it D．me

C．before

解析：选B。depend on it that...结构表示“相信某事”，it为形式宾语。 12 .even if 即使

(回归课本P40)If a friend gets an invitation to a wedding，you can go with him/her，even if you don’t receive an invitation yourself.

如果一个朋友收到了去参加一个婚礼的请柬，你也可以和他/她一块去，即使你本人没有受到邀请。归纳拓展

even if相当于even though，为从属连词，引导让步状语从句，通常使用假设语气和虚拟语气，其主句不能用but。

(1)使用假设语气时，表示真实情况，用一般时态。(2)用虚似语气时，表示与现在或过去事实相反，可用虚拟现在时或虚拟过去时。例句探源

①Even though we could afford it，we wouldn’t go abroad for our vacation.

即使我们能消费得起，我们也不愿出国度假。

②We got to the airport on time，even if the traffic held us up.

即使我们遇上了堵车，我们也按时到达了机场。 12．完成句子

Even if he ________ a millionaire，I wouldn’t make friends with him. 答案：were

13 .dress up 化装，打扮，伪装

(回归课本P46)To celebrate All Souls Day，people made big bonfires and dressed up as angels，devils，saints and witches.为了庆祝万灵节，人们燃起大篝火并化装成天使、恶魔、圣徒和巫婆。归纳拓展

“动词＋up”短语：

add up(to)加起来(达到) set up建立；竖立 warm up(使)热；(使)热身 send up发射；使上升 wake up唤醒，弄醒 take up 从事；占去；拿起 get up(使)起床，站起来 go up上涨；上升 pick up接送；偶然习得 do up包扎；扣；打扮 stand up站立 give up放弃 end up结束 stay up熬夜，不睡觉

break up分解；解散 cut up切碎；切割开 put up举起；张贴；留宿 turn up调大；出现例句探源

①(牛津P610)The boys were all dressed up as pirates. 这些男孩子都装扮成了海盗。

②(牛津P658)If you go on like this you’ll end up in prison.

如果你继续这样，早晚得进监狱。

13．As it turned out to be a small house party, we________ so formally. A．needn’t dress up B．shouldn’t dress up

C．were not necessary to dress up D．needn’t have dressed up

解析：选D。句意为：原来是一次小型家庭聚会，我们本没有必要盛装出席的。turned out表示的是过去的事情，说明一种事实性结果，故穿着盛装参加是没有必要的。 14 .carry on 继续下去；进行

(回归课本P42)It didn’t seem possible，but we carried on eating.

看上去似乎不可能，但我们继续吃。 carry on doing/with sth.继续做某事

carry out进行；开展；执行(命令、计划) carry off赢得，获得

carry through使渡过(困难、危险等) carry away带走，使失去自控力 carry around随身带着，携带归纳拓展例句探源

①(朗文P312)Will the government carry out its promise to reform the law?

政府真的会履行诺言改革法律吗？

②We must carry on till success in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.

尽管条件极端困难，我们必须坚持下去，直到成功。 ③We can carry on the discussion after lunch. 午饭后我们可以继续讨论。 14．完成句子

(1)We should try our best

________________________________________(执行此计划)．答案：to carry out the plan

(2)_ _______________________________(继续你的工作)while I’m away. 答案：Carry on your work

15 .as well 也；又；还

(回归课本P45)A few of my good friends came as well. 我的一些好朋友也会来。归纳拓展

(1)as well相当于too和also，用于肯定句中，表示“也，又，而且”，用于句尾。

(2)may/might as well表示委婉的建议，一般是针对当时的情况提出另外的提议。意思是“我们不妨……，我们还是……吧”。

(3)as well as用作连词，连接两个相同的成分，如名词、形容词、介词、动词等，通常不位于句首。此时as well as强调的重点在前面，不在后面。连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数与前一个主语保持一致。

(4)as well as作介词，相当于

besides，in addition to，意为“除……之外”，后接名词、代词、动名词。样好”。例句探源

15．Our holidays were ruined by the bad weather；________have stayed at home! A．it may be as well B．it was just as well we C．we might just as well

(5)as well as表示比较，意为“和……一

D．we might do as well as we

解析：选C。may/might as well意为“最好……；还是……为好”。句意：糟糕的天气破坏了我们的假日，我们还不如呆在家里呢！句型梳理

1【教材原句】 On this day，the moon is_said_to_be its biggest and brightest.(P36) 据说这天的月亮最大最亮。

【句法分析】 It is said thatclause(＝ said to do sth.＝People say thatclause)据说……

此类动词有：think，believe，expect，hope，report，announce，consider，know，suppose，judge，agree，prove，estimate等，其中不定式根据句子意思可有一般式(to do)、进行式(to be doing)和完成式(to have done)三种结构。

①It is said that so many deaths in Haiti earthquake were partly due to the poor quality of buildings. 据说在海地大地震中，有那么多人死亡，部分原因与建筑质量差有关。

②The book is said to have been translated into several foreign languages.

＝It is said that the book has been translated into several foreign languages. 据说这部书已被翻译成几种外文。

③20 people were said to have been missing up to that day.

据说到那天为止有20人失踪。

④The banks are widely believed to be planning a cut in interest rates.

人们普遍认为银行正在计划降低利率。

⑤He is reported to have been seen in Brighton. 据说有人在布莱顿见到他了。 16．句型转换

A：It is said that he has gone abroad. B：He is said ________________ gone abroad. 答案：to have

17．His sister is said ________in the supermarket when she was doing shopping there yesterday. A．to be badly treated B．badly treated C．being badly treated D．to have been badly treated

解析：选D。句意为：昨天在超市购物时，据说他妹妹受到不公正对待。B、C两项不是不定式形式，A项不定式表示的时间与句子后半部分时间不一致。只有D项正确。 2【教材原句】

At_the_bottom_of_the_bed_was_the_stocking，now full of all kinds of small presents and sweets.(P42) 长袜在床底下，现在里面装满了各式各样的礼物和糖果。【句法分析】这是一个把地点状语提前的倒装句，句子的主语是the stocking。(now)full of...sweets是一个形容词短语，作主语的补语。完全倒装的情况：

(1)以in，out，up，down，away，off，over，next，such，back等副词作状语置于句首，谓语动词是come，go，rush，run等不及物动词的句子用完全倒装，若主语为人称代词，则用陈述语序。

(2)there，here，now，then引导的句子及there/here be (exist，etc.)引导的表“存在”的句子。

(3)表示“地点”的词语置于句首以强调“地点”概念时。 (4)“作表语的现在分词/过去分词/形容词＋系动词＋主语”结构须用完全倒装。

(5)直接引语的全部或一部分置于句首时。 (6)such置于句首时。

①In the distance was an ox working in a field. 远处有一头牛在田里干活。 ②There goes the bell. 铃声响了。

③Gone are the days when women were looked down upon. 妇女受歧视的年代一去不复返了。 ④Such was what I wanted to tell you. 这就是我想告诉你们的。

18．In the dark forests________，some large enough to hold several English towns. A．stand many lakes B．lie many lakes C．many lakes lie D．many lakes stand

解析：选B。该题考查倒装句的用法。句意：在森林深处有许多湖泊，大的足够容纳几个英国城镇。表示地点的状语放在句首，句子用全部倒装语序。lie意为“坐落”，stand一般用于表示站立物体，如：树木、柱子等。作文指导并列句

◆什么是并列句

并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句构成，这些简单句通过并列连词或表并列关系的副词连接，有时也可以用分号连接，它们在整个句子中的地位是平等的，没有主从之分，互不依从。 ◆主要并列关系

并列句一般由三种方式连接而成，连词、连接副词和分号。一般来说，只有当两个分句之间的关系比较明确时，才会只用分号(不用连词)连接，而大多数情况下都需要使用并列连词或副词进行连接。因此，要正确地表达出句子之间的并列关系，就必须熟悉并掌握英语中常见的表示各种并列关系的连词和副词。

英语中主要的并列关系及常用连词或副词参见下表：关系常用并列连词或副词

并列 and，as well as，both...and，not only...but(also)，neither...nor

转折或对比 but，however，whereas，while，yet，still，instead，nevertheless，notwithstanding，on the other hand，not...but，rather than，in contrast，选择 or，nor，or else，otherwise，either...or 递进 besides，also，even，moreover，likewise，furthermore，what’s more，

因果 for，thus，so，therefore，hence，consequently，accordingly，as a result

时间 then，meanwhile，subsequently，afterward，later 解释 that is(to say)，in other words 【佳句选粹】

①We must make great efforts to catch up with others，or we will fall behind the others forever.(选择关系) ②She wanted to go to the cinema，but her parents told her not to.(表转折)

【分析】以上两句均属于并列句。第①句由or连接，两个并列分句之间是选择关系；第②句由but连接，两个并列分句之间是转折关系。【佳句选粹】

①Either you improve your work or I shall dismiss you.(选择关系)

②Not_only did he speak more correctly，but_also he spoke more easily.(并列关系)

【分析】以上两句均属于并列句。第①句由either...or...连接，两个并列分句之间是选择关系；第②句由not only...but also...连接，两个并列分句之间是并列关系。【佳句选粹】

①There was no news；nevertheless she went on hoping.(转折关系)

②He never went again，nor did he write to apologize.(并列关系)

【分析】有些副词也起连词作用，可帮助构成并列句，第①句由nevertheless连接，两个并列分句之间是转折关系；第②句由nor连接，两个并列分句之间是并列关系。

北师大版一轮复习必修一单元练习 Unit 3 Celebration 1．—What will you buy for your husband’s birthday? —I want to buy a ________ wallet for him.

A．black leather small B．small black leather

C．small leather black D．black small leather

2．As he works in a remote area，he visits his parents only________.

A．occasionally B．anxiously C．practically D．urgently

3．If you need help，I and my car are________. A．at my service B．in service

C．at your service D．served

4．Jack has been out of work for a long he wants to________a job in this factory.

A．care for B．apply for C．wait for D．prepare for

5．When I got there，he was________a wedding party. A．attending B．joining C．attending to

D．joining in

6．It’s said that driving after drinking________ thousands of traffic accidents every year. A．results from

B．contributes to

D．lies

C．devotes to in

7．He has the________ to make things very unpleasant for us. A．force

B．power

C．strength

D．energy

8．Some laidoff workers delightedly took up the work to________ patients in hospitals. A．take on on

C．depend on

D．wait on

B．look

9．Let’s________our Christmas cards________and keep them a while. A．put；away C．put；on

D．put；off

B．put；down

10．The meal over, the managers went back to the meeting room to________their discussion. A．put away C．look over

B．take down D．carry on

11．My classmate can speak English，and he can speak French________. A．neither C．either well

12．We can’t give up________ we should fail 10 times. A．even if

B．since

B．also D．as

C．whether

D．until

13．The flu is believed________ by viruses that can reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and

throat. A．causing

B．being caused

D．to

C．to be caused have caused

14．I know Jack spends at least as much time reading as he________. A．does writing writing C．writes to write

15．I smell something ________ in the I call you back in a minute?

A．burning

B．burnt

D．to

D．does

B．is

C．being burnt be burnt

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北师大高一英语知识点