Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2018·浙江嘉兴四月模考)
When Carson Palmer,a professional American football player,hurt his arm a few years ago,he took a week off from throwing the football.But in his head,Palmer practiced every day.The following weekend,Palmer had the best game of his life.
For more than a century,scientists have been trying to understand how this mental training works.In the 1930s,researchers proved by experiment that when you’re imagining an action,your brain sends signals to your muscles (肌肉),which are too weak to tighten the muscles but might help train the body to perform.In other words,mental practice might create a pattern in your head,like an inner how-to guide for a particular skill.
Sports psychologists have conducted hundreds of studies comparing imagined and physical practice for actions.On the whole,the research shows that mental training works.A 2012 study,for example,compared 32 amateur golfers who practiced hitting the balls to another 32 who merely held a golf club in their hands and visualized (想象) their swings.Under the same training rules,both groups improved their skills by getting the ball about 4 inches closer to the hole.
Visualization has advantages over the real thing:You can do it anywhere,even when injured.It is safe—a major plus for high-risk performers such as gymnasts and surgeons.And you can practice for longer periods of time because you’re not restricted by physical tiredness.“That’s not to say it’s easy.We’ve had Olympic-level athletes sitting in our lab,visualizing the movements for two hours,” says Tadhg Macintyre,a sports psychologist at the University of Limerick in Ireland.“When we’re done,they’re absolutely tired.”
It doesn’t work for everyone,though.“If you’re a novice,the effect can be harmful,” warns Macintyre.“If you’re trying to visualize a free throw,and you don’t even know the proper movement,then you’re probably going to mentally practice the wrong skill.”
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。通过想象的方式进行脑力训练可以提高一个运动员的技能水平。研究表明脑力训练和实践训练都有明显的训练效果,脑力训练由于不受地域及时间的限制,有其明显的优势,但是它并不一定适合每一个人。
1.The author introduces the topic of the text by . A.giving an example B.presenting an argument C.explaining a phenomenon 答案A D.making an assumption
解析推理判断题。文章第一段以一位名叫Carson Palmer的职业运动员通过脑力训练提升技能水平为例,导入话题。故选A项。
2.What happens when one is visualizing an action? A.A special skill is quickly acquired. B.A certain model is formed in the head. C.The muscles grow increasingly tense. D.The brain sends strong messages to the body. 答案B 解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“mental practice might create a pattern in your head”可知,脑力训练可以在大脑中产生一个模型。故选B项。
3.What does the underlined word “novice” in the last paragraph mean? A.Coach. C.Beginner. 答案C 解析词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段内容可知,脑力训练对某些人反而有负面的效果,因为他们原本就不知道正确的技能运用方式,故可推知,这些人应该是初学者。故选C项。 4.What is the main idea of the text?
A.Athletes are likely to win games through imagined practice. B.Practicing a skill properly in mind can produce intended effect. C.Practice whether mental or physical has its own characteristics. D.Scientists have found a safe way for athletes to practice their skills. 答案B 解析主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知,文章主要分析了脑力训练的效果和优势等,故B项符合题意。 Ⅱ.七选五
(2017·浙江)
How to Remember What You Read
Reading is important.But the next step is making sure that you remember what you’ve read! 1 You may have just read the text,but the ideas,concepts and images (形象) may fly right out of your head.Here are a few tricks for remembering what you read.
● 2
If the plot,characters,or word usage is confusing for you,you likely won’t be able to remember what you read.It’s a bit like reading a foreign language.If you don’t understand what you’re reading,how would you remember it?But there are a few things you can do...Use a dictionary;look up the difficult words.
●Are you connected?
B.Specialist. D.Judge.
Does a character remind you of a friend?Does the setting make you want to visit the place?Does the book inspire you,and make you want to read more?With some books,you may feel a connection right away. 3 How willing are you to make the connections happen?
●Read it;hear it;be it!
Read the lines.Then,speak them out loud.And,put some character into the words.When he was writing his novels,Charles Dickens would act out the parts of the characters.He’d make faces in the mirror,and change his voice for each character. 4
●How often do you read?
If you read frequently,you’ll likely have an easier time with remembering what you’re reading (and what you’ve read). 5 As you make reading a regular part of your life,you’ll make more connections,stay more focused and understand the text better.You’ll learn to enjoy literature—as you remember what you read! A.Are you confused? B.Practice makes perfect. C.What’s your motivation?
D.Memory is sometimes a tricky thing. E.Marking helps you remember what you read.
F.But other books require a bit more work on your part. G.You can do the same thing when you are reading the text! 答案与解析 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。怎样才能更好地记忆阅读过的内容呢?作者就此提出了几种有助于阅读记忆的方法。
1.D 根据下文可知,可能你刚读完一篇文章,但对文章所表达的思想及概念等已经记不起来了,这与D项“记忆有时是一件棘手的事情”相一致。故D项符合文意。
2.A 此处为小标题。根据本段内容,尤其是第一句“If the plot,characters,or word usage is confusing for you,you likely won’t be able to remember what you read.”可知,本段主要是围绕“confused”展开的。故A项符合文意。
3.F 此处承接上下文。对于一些书,你立刻就能与其建立联系,而对于另外一些书,则需要你自己去努力了。上文中的“some books”与F项中的“other books”相对应。故F项符合文意。 4.G 阅读需要读者全身心地投入,狄更斯在阅读时的一些做法,值得我们借鉴,因此,我们也可以尝试类似的做法。故G项符合文意。
5.B 根据本段内容可知,如果你经常阅读,你将会更容易记住阅读的内容,这就是“熟能生巧”。故B项“熟能生巧”符合文意。 Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
The end of my sophomore year was approaching.Mom called me at the dorm one evening during the last week of May.My summer break would be spent with Grandma and Grandpa,helping out around their farm.The arrangement made good sense to all the family.
I arrived late that afternoon,deciding I was there to help,not be a burden. Weeks passed.I gradually settled into a routine of daily work with Grandpa and shared stories with Grandma.
The last Saturday in June,Grandpa suggested going fishing.We hadn’t expected what we saw when we got to the pond that morning:One of the swans was dead.Grandpa had given the pair of swans to Grandma on their 50th anniversary.“Why don’t we see about buying another one,” I suggested,hoping the situation could somehow be righted.Grandpa thought for a few moments before answering.
He finally said,“No...it’s not that easy,Bruce.You see,swans mate for life.” He raised his finger to point,holding the fishing pole in his other hand.“There’s nothing we can do for the swan that’s left.He has to work it out for himself.”
A few days later,we drove by the pond while doing our morning check on the cows.We found the other swan lying near the same spot we had found the first one.It,too,was dead.
Then July 12 came.That was the day Grandma passed away.Grandma had died suddenly that morning of a stroke.By the afternoon,my parents were there.The old house was soon crowded with relatives and Grandpa’s friends.
The funeral was held the next day.Grandpa had insisted on having it as soon as possible.On the second day after the funeral,Grandpa urged that the rest of the relatives should get back to their own lives.This was Grandpa’s way of telling them to go home.Grandpa was not a man who could outwardly express his grief around others,and we were all worried about him.
The rest of the summer flowed by.We stayed busy working. 注意:
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语; 3.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好; 4.续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1
September was nearing,and I did not want to leave.
Paragraph 2
Mom called me at school on a stormy October day to tell me Grandpa had died.
参考范文 Paragraph 1
September was nearing,and I did not want to leave. I thought of skipping the fall semester and staying around a few more months.When I mentioned it,Grandpa quickly told me that my place was back at college.The day finally came for me to pack my car and leave.I shook his hand and chanced a hug.As I drove down the driveway,I saw him in the rearview mirror.He waved to me and then walked to the pasture gate to start the morning livestock check.
Paragraph 2
Mom called me at school on a stormy October day to tell me Grandpa had died. A neighbor had stopped by that morning for coffee and found him in the kitchen.He died of a stroke,the same as Grandma.At that moment,I understood what he’d clumsily tried to explain to me about the swan that morning we fished together by the pond.
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