阅读理解训练题08

A

We are all called upon to make a speech at some point in life, but most of us don’t do a very good job. This article gives some suggestions on how to give an effective speech.

So, you have to give a speech—and you are terrified. You get nervous, you forget what you want to say, you stumble over words, you talk too long, and you bore your audience. Later you think, “Thank Goodness, it’s over. I’m just not good at public speaking. I hope I never have to do that again.”

Cheep up! It doesn’t have to be that bad. Here are some simple steps to take the pain out of speech making. Ask yourself the purpose of your speech. What is the occasion? Why are you speaking? Then, gather as many facts as you can on your subject. Spend plenty of your time doing your research. Then spend plenty of your time organizing your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible, and use pictures, charts, and graphs if they help you make your points more clearly. Never forget your audience. Don’t talk over their heads, and don’t talk down to them. Treat your audience with respect. They will appreciate your thoughtfulness.

Just remember: Be prepared. Know your subject, your audience, and the occasion. Be brief. Say what you have to say and then stop. And be yourself. Let your personality come through so that you make person-to-person contact with your audience.

If you follow these simple steps, you will see that you don’t have to be afraid of public speaking. In fact, you may find the experience so enjoyable that you volunteer to make more speeches! You’re not convinced yet? Give it a try and see what happens. 56．The main idea of this article is .

A．that you can improve your speaking ability B．that a poor speaker can never change C．to always make a short speech

D．that it is hard to make a speech 57．Paragraph 2 implies that .

A．many people are afraid of giving a speech B．many people are happy to give a speech C．many people don’t prepare for a speech D．many people talk too long

58．The phrase “talk over their heads” means . A．speak too loudly B．look at the ceiling C．look down upon them D．use words and ideas that are too difficult 59．All of the following statements are TRUE except . A．few people know how to make good speeches

B．a lecturer does not need to organize his speech C．research is important in preparing a speech

D．there are simple steps you can take to improve your speaking ability 60．The title for this passage may be .

A．Do Not Make a Long Speech C．How to prepare for a Speech

B．How to Give a Good Speech D．Try to Enjoy a speech

B

Theories of crime try to explain two quite different sides of the crime problem: first, why certain forms of behavior are described by society as crimes and second, what the causes of criminal behavior are. Theories about what makes up of criminal behavior have varied widely. One traditional belief is that the criminal code stands for God’s law and is independent of the will of man. In contrast, there is the modern idea that the criminal law is simply the instrument by which the ruling class maintains its power.

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There is also a wide variety of explanations for the cause of crime. There is the theory that assumes that an individual choose criminal conduct of his own free will and is therefore responsible for his actions. Other theories describe the criminal more or less as a helpless individual in the grasp of biological, psychological, or social forces beyond his reason or control. Modern studies of crime often depend heavily on statistics（统计）. For example, burglaries are most associated with the poor areas of large cities.

But one thing is clear; it is that criminal behavior is connected with a great number of social, psychological, economic, political, legal, and moral factors. To search for the deciding factor of crime is a too simple action.

61．The author believes that the causes of criminal behavior are . A．primarily social B．simple and direct

C．widely varied D．often religious

62．Laws which emphasize punishment for criminal behavior are based on the belief that .

A．the criminal’s behavior is controlled by social factors. B．The criminal is responsible for his behavior. C．Crime is connected with poor urban areas.

D．There are many causes of criminal behavior

63．The modern idea that the law is a means for the ruling class to maintain its power is essentially a . A．political theory B．psychological explanation

C．moral theory D．biological explanation

C

CBC is a famous air company which has over twenty planes carrying passengers and goods, flying along 12 fixed lines all over the world. Its service is very good but some passengers are still not satisfied with it and that is why in 2003 and 2004 the company received letters of complaints from consumers or passengers who pointed out over a dozen kinds of problems which are divided in groups in the following table. Those about passengers’ things carried by the plane are Baggage problems. Customer service refers to service work with passengers are not satisfied with. Oversales of seats are about the fact that more seats are sold and as a result the plane is too crowded to be safe. Refund problems appear when passengers fail to receive the money paid back to them because of what they have lost. Fares are problems about the price of tickets.

Consumer Complaints Received By the CBC Category Flight problems Baggage Customer service Oversales of seats Refund problems Fares Reservation & Ticketing Tours Smoking Advertising Credit Special passengers Others Total Number of Complaints

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2003 20.2% 18.3% 3.1% 10.5% 10.1% 6.4% 5.8% 3.3% 3.2% 1.2% 1.0% 0.9% 6.0% 2,988 2004 22.1% 21.8% 11.3% 11.8% 8.1% 6.0% 5.6% 2.3% 2.9% 1.01% 0.8% 0.9% 5.3% 1,792 64．About how many complaints about Credit were received by the CBC in 2003?

A．28

B．29

C．30

D．31

65．By about what percent did the total number of complaints decrease from 2003 to 2004?

A．40% B．60% C．75% D．100%

66．If the circle graphs below show total consumer complaints for 2003, which graph shows a dark part that is about Flight problems and Refund problems together?

67．Which of the following statements can be inferred from the table?

a.In 2003 and in 2004, complaints about Flight problem, Baggage, and Customer service together took about 50 percent of all consumer complaints received by the CBC Company.

b.The number of Special passengers complaints was unchanged from 2003 to 2004.

c.From 2003 to 2004 the number of Flight problem complaints increased by more than 2 percent. A．only a B．only b C．a and b D．a and c

68．From the passage we can know that . A．customers are not satisfied with CBC

B．sometimes CBC sells more tickets than its plane’s fixed seats

C．CBC has more than twenty planes which fly to all the capital cities of the world D．customers can only buy tickets with ready money

D

Beijing’s markets will soon be flooded with more and cheaper colourful fruit such as orange mangos and green durian （榴莲） all year round.

Thanks to a new free trade agreement signed last Monday between China and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations（ASEAN）， more and more tropical Southeast Asian fruit will enter the country.

The agreement means that from July 1,2005, China and ASEAN countries will begin to cut tariffs. There are about 7,000 products included in the cuts.

As global communication develops, countries are trading more and more goods with each other. When products are sold across national borders, countries put a tax on them. This type of tax is called a tariff.

Just like removing an obstacle from the path of these goods, the reduction of tariffs will encourage trade between China and ASEAN countries. It means more products and lower prices.

The agreement will bring real benefits for Chinese customers, said a Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman. “In the Beijing markets you will easily find more tropical fruit like durian, which used to very, very, very expensive. Now they will be cheaper.” The current tariff rate on durian is 22 per cent but will fall to zero in 2005.

In the first 10 months of this year China did US＄84.6 billion of trade with ASEAN countries. Experts believe this may reach US＄100 billion next year.

Founded in 1967, ASEAN now includes Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, the Philippines, Thailand, Brunei, Viet Nam, Myanmar, Cambodia and Laos. 69．A tariff is money paid . A．when buying goods

B．to sell or buy products of foreign brand names

C．to sell or buy goods across the border of the country D．to go through the customs

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70．Which of the following statements about the agreement is NOT true?

A．It will result in an increase in trade between China and ASEAN countries. B．In might cause the prices of ASEAN products to fall.

C．It may greatly benefit the Chinese customers. D．It won’t bring any benefits to producers of ASEAN countries. 71．We can infer from the story that .

A．China lacks fruit B．tariffs are an important factor in foreign trade C．tropical countries have cheaper fruit

D．China prefers to trade with ASEAN countries 72．The best title for this passage is . A．Tariff Cut Boosts Trade B．Best Ways To Sell Fruits

C．Tropical Fruit To China D．China Joins ASEAN

E

A summary of the physical and chemical nature of life must begin, not on the earth but in the sun; in fact, at the sun’s very center. It is here that is to be found the source of the energy that the sun constantly pours out into space as light and heat. This energy is liberated at the center of the sun as billions upon billions of nuclei hydrogen atoms clash with each other and fuse together to form nuclei of atoms. The output of light and heat of the sun requires that some 600 million tons of hydrogen be converted into helium（氦） in the sun every second. Thus the sun has been doing for several thousands of millions of years.

The nuclear energy is released at the sun’s center as high-energy gamma radiation, a form of electromagnetic（电磁的） radiation like light and radio waves, only of very much shorter wavelength. This gamma radiation is absorbed by atoms inside the sun, to be remitted at slightly longer wavelengths. This radiation in its turn, is absorbed and remitted. As the energy filters through the layers of solar inner, it passes through the X-ray part of the spectrum（光）, eventually becoming light. At this stage, it has reached what we call the solar surface, and can escape into space, without being absorbed further by solar atoms. A very small fraction of the sun’s light and heat is given off in such direction that, after passing unhindered through interplanetary space, it hits the earth. 73．What does the passage mainly discuss? A．The production of solar light and heat. B．The physical and chemical nature of life.

C．The conversion of hydrogen to helium.

D．Radiation in the X-ray part of the spectrum.

74．The passage indicates that, in comparison to radio waves, gamma waves . A．produce louder sound B．are less magnetic C．do not form in the sun’s center D．are not so long

75．According to the passage, through which of the following does the energy released in the sun pass before it becomes light?

A．The X-ray part of the spectrum. B．Electromagnetic space. C．The solar surface. D．Interplanetary space.

阅读理解训练题（八）答案

56-60 AADBB 61-65CBACA 66-70DABCD 71-75BAADA

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