Part I 词汇
第一册
第一课 中东的集市
1）and of would-be purchasers : intended to be,likely ,possible
2010 2) and the buyers…follow suit: do the same as someone elase has done
3) shopkeepers dealing in the same kind of goods …collect in the same area : gather
2010 4)bargaing is the order of the day : the prevailing state of things; the commanding thing to do 头等大事
2012 5）in each shop sit the apprentices…hammering away at copper vessels: hammering continously
2010 6)the live coals glowing bright and then dimming: glowing or burning
7) it is a vast ,sombre cavern of a room :
8) a trickle of oil ozzes own…into a used petrolcan: no longer new; second hand
第二课 广岛—日本最有活力的城市
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1) because I had a lump in my throat: feeling of pressure in one’s throat, caused by repressed emotion because of strong emotion
2) to have the same preoccupations: 占据思想；全神贯注；心里总想着的事物
3) to rub shoulders with :meet and mix with (people) 与...有来往；和。。接触:
4) bobbed up and down repeatedly in little bows: move up and down automatically(bob上下疾动)
5) ritual formula of gratitude and respect: form of words used as a rite礼节 2011
6) the rear-view mirror ：riving-mirror inside a motor-vehicle for seeing out of the rear window后视镜
7) this intermezzo came to an end: 插曲；间奏曲；幕间剧
8) a porcelain-faced woman: using the traditional white make-up; a face with a fair delicate complexion
9）there are two different schools of thought：group of people sharing the same thought
9) genetic damage form the radiation : 第三课 沙漠之舟
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1）the prospects of a good catch looked bleak: the amount of something caught; in the sentence it refers to the amount of fish caught
2)Slipping his parka back to reveal a badly burned purely speculative exercise: face: waterproof jacket with a hood attached (as worn for skiing, mountain climbing, etc.) 有头套的毛皮外套,风雪大衣 3)Upwind from the ice runway where the ski plane lands: in the direction from which the wind is blowing or usually blows逆风的
4）considering such scenarios is not a purely speculative exercise an outline for an proposed or planned series of events, real or imagined 方案
5)with more than one Tennessee’s worth of rain forest being slashed: equal in area or size 这句话的意思the area of rain forest burned in one year is bigger than the state of Tennessee.
6)methane is released form landfills: 垃圾填埋地
7)from the burning of biomass and from a variety of other human activities : 生物量；用作燃料的植物或动物废弃物
8)according to the theater in which it takes place: a region in which active military operations are in progress战场，战区 冲突
9)large oil spills are fundamentally regional :泄漏
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10）depllyment by one side or the other of some ultimate weapon: furthest or highest in degree or order; utmost or extreme终极的
11）the denial of nuclear technology to rogue states: a deceitful and unreliable scoundrel欺诈的 Rogue states无赖国家,流氓国家，无赖政权
第四课 外婆的日用家当
1.it is like an extended living room: prolonged 扩大的
2.where the child who has made it is confronted, as a surprise ,by her own mother and father：bring face to face; be or come face to face with 出现，使面对
3.she thinks orchids兰花 are tacky flowers俗气的；趣味低下的
4.minutes after it comes steaming from the hog（pig）: emit steam冒热气
5.has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue: 口齿伶俐
6.with nicer hair and a fuller figure :丰满
7.black pumps to match a green suit : low-cut shoes without straps or ties浅口无带皮鞋
8.she was determined to stare down any disaster in her efforts: 用目光压倒
9.who has moosy teeth in an earnest face :长了苔的牙齿
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10.a dree so loud it hurts my eyes: 引人注目的
11.she stoops down quickly and lines up picture after picture of me sitting there:抢拍
12.and I want the dasher ,too. :a rotating device for whipping cream，as in a churn，etc．(奶油)搅拌器
第五课 关于希特勒入侵苏联的讲话
1、had surprised a large portion of the Soviet air force grounded on the airfields : attack suddenly and without warning突袭
2.they will be rounded up in hordes : to gather together scattered things ,people,animals ,to herd together, collect together animals that are scattered. 积攒，使聚拢
2011 3.Hilter was counting on enlisting : expecting with confidence ; rely on sb．or sth．with confidence依靠，信赖，指望
4. devoid of all theme and principle : a unifying idea that is a recurrent element in literary or artistic work;指导思想
2012 5.all this fades away before the spectacle which is now unfolding : 但现在展现在我们面前的景象已经将那一切冲得烟消云散了。 景象；场面 呈现，逐渐展现，展示，展现open to the view, becoming clear
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6.fresh from the cowing of and tying down of a dozen counties刚刚帮它征服并奴役了十多个国家的帮凶爪牙 : very recently最近地adv. Cow: 威胁，恐吓， 吓（倒），威吓，吓唬，胁迫
7.the hateful appetites: 恶毒的，恶意的 characterized by malice;
8.he scene will be clear for the final act腾出场地来演出最后的一幕: 场地
9.fighting for his hearth and home 保家卫国 : 温暖舒适的家庭生活; 家园
2011 10. in every quarter of the globe : part
第六课 讹诈
1. to exercise the bedlington terriers： to walk the dogs ,to talk the dogs out and give them some exercise bedlington terriers is a breed of blue ,wooly-coated, active,typically small dogs.
2.the duchess looked pointedly at the half-burned cigar : in such a manner as to make something clearly evident;
3.i imagine you did not come here to discuss decor ：decoration[法语]装饰，装璜
2010、2011 4.he lowered the level of his incongruous falsetto voice 假声 : unnatural high-pitched
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5.you two was in that hit-and-run. ; 肇事后逃逸
6.this is for real : real
7.three centuries and half of inbred arrogance behind her: 傲慢；自大 祖传下来的狂傲天性
inbred ( adj.) : innate or deeply instilled天生的，生来的，先天的
第二册课后词汇
(一) Face to face with hurricane Camille
1. main: a principal pipe or line in a distributing system for water, gas, electricity, etc.
2.sit out: stay until the end of
3.come by;(American English) pay a visit
4.blow in：burst open by the storm.
5.douse:put out(a light，fire，generator。etc。)quickly by pouring water over it
6.kill：(American English)to cause(an engine-etc．)to stop
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7．swath：the space covered with one cut of a scythe; a long strip 0r track 0f any kind
8．bar：a measure in music；the notes between two vertical lines 0n a music sheet
9．1ean—to：a shed or other small outbuilding with a sloping roof．the upper end of which rests against the wall of another building
1 0．Seabee：a member of the construction battalions of the Civil Engineer Corps of the U．S．Navy，that build harbor facilities，airfields，etc．Seabee stands for CB, short for Construction Battalion．
(二) Marrakech
1．chant：words repeated in a monotonous tone of voice
2．navvy：abbreviation of “navigator”，a British word meaning an unskilled laborer，as on canals，，roads，etc．
3．Stow：put or hide away in a safe place
4．warp：bend，curve，or twist out of shape
5．self-contained：self—sufficient；having within oneself or itself all that is necessary
6．wretched：poor in quality，very inferior
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7．mummified：thin and withered，looking like a mummy
8．reach—me—down：(British colloquialism)second—hand or ready—made clothing
9． charger：a horse ridden in battle or on parade
(三) Pub Talk and the king’s English
1. on the rocks： metaphor，comparing a marriage to a ship wrecked on the rocks
2． get out of bed on the wrong side：be in a bad temper for the day (The meaning is perhaps derived from the expression “You got out of bed the wrong way”． It was an ancient superstition that it was unlucky to set the left foot on the ground first on getting out of bed．)
3．on wings：metaphor，comparing conversation to a bird flying and soaring． It means the conversation soon became spirited and exciting．
4． turn up one’s nose at：scorn；show scorn for
5． into the shoes： metaphor(or more appropriately an idiomatic expression)， think as if one were wearing the shoes of the Saxon peasant，ie． as if one were a Saxon peasant
6 come into one’s own： receive what properly belongs to one，especially acclaim or recognition65
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7．sit up at：(colloquial)become suddenly alert and take notice of
(四) inaugural address
1.the same solemn oath our forebears prescribe：set down or impose
2.mortal: of man (as a being who must eventually die)
3.at issue: in despite; still to be decided
4.disciplined, received training that developed self-control and character
the future of the English英国人的未来
1. reservoir: a supply; especially an extra or reserve supply
2. draw on: obtain something from a reserve, store, etc.
3. shop steward, a person chosen by his fellow trade unionists in an industrial establishment to speak for them to the management and to watch over their interests
4. board, board of managers; governing board of a factory
5. scale, proportion ; relative dimensions
6. keep clear of- avoid, refrain from
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7. overdraft: a)a withdrawal of money from a bank in excess of the amount credited to the drawer; b)the amount with-drawn in excess
8. catch, a deception ; surprise ; a hidden qualification ; tricky condition
9．walk—out：a strike(generally spontaneous and 0f a short duration)
1 O．van：the foremost position in a line，movement，field of endeavor，etc．
11．count：(1egal term)any of the charges in an indictment， each of which gives a reason and is sufficient for prosecution
12．junk：(colloquial)useless—or worthless stuff；trash；rubbish，etc．
13．articulate：expressing oneself easily and clearly
14．conforming to Madison Avenue：adapting to Admassian life styles as advocated by Madison Avenue
15．ungovernable：unruly；(hair)that is difficult to comb down
(五) loving and hating new york亦爱亦恨话纽约
1. holdout: (Americanism) a place that holds out; hold out= continue resistance; stand firm; not yield
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2. 2. live: transmitted during the actual performance
3. 3. charged : tense ; intense
4. 4. put-down: (American slang) a belittling remark or crushing retort
5. 5. foothold: a secure position from which it is difficult to be dislodged
6. 6. measure up: (Americanism) prove to be competent or qualified
7. 7. jingle: a verse that jingles; jingling arrangement of words or syllables
8. 8. expense-account. (Americanism) an arrangement whereby certain expenses of an employee in connection with his work are paid for by his employer
9. 9. illustration= a picture, design, diagram, etc. used to decorate or explain something
10. 10. commercial: (radio and TV) a paid advertisement
11. 11. distancing: be reserved or cool toward; treat aloofly
12. 12. democratic: treating persons of all classes in the same way; not snobbish
13. 13, jealous : very watchful or careful in guarding or keeping
14. 14. high-rise: (Americanism) designating or of a tall apartment house, office buil
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ding, etc., of many stories /(noun) a high-rise building
15. 15. mean: poor in appearance; shabby.
其它研究生词汇
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1. Those who believed their religious leader’s prophecy that the end of the world would come soon went into a panic.
A. announcement B. forecast C. prediction D. declaration
2. It became obvious when the boy floundered through the recitation in class today that he had not taken the trouble to do his homework.
A. meditated B. faltered C. contemplated D. staggered
3. The teacher told the students that they should avoid using clichés in their composition.
A. popular proverbs B. well-known stories
C. famous quotations D. trite expressions
4. After listening to the same old moral lesson all these years, the villagers became
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almost immune to it.
A. insensitive to B. fed up with C. familiar with D. accustomed to
5. I can't claim credit for her English proficiency; after all, she only came to my class this semester.
A. ask for money B. expect payment
C. say that I deserve praise D. declare that I am grateful
6. Believe it or not, this popular novel now you see on every shelf was censored only a few years ago.
A. officially examined and banned B. despised by the general public
C. sold out soon after its publication D. condemned by the critics
7.The party leader regards the result of the election as a personal triumph.
A. victory B. celebration C. satisfaction D. propaganda
8.The immigration officer scrutinized his passport before he was allowed to leave.
A. Stamped B. examined C. returned D. issued
9.He suffered a long period of depression before his first suicide attempt.
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A. Inoculation B. hypertension C. ailments D. dejection
10.He was never able to enjoy the metropolitan delights of cinemas and theatres.
A. artistic B. modern C. urban D. various
11.He quickly _____ behind the building to avoid being hurt by the stones thrown in his direction.
A. eluded B. evaded C. escaped D. dodged
12.His dislike of the course may prove to be a _____ barrier he cannot overcome.
A. Biological B. ideological C. spiritual D. psychological
13.As the Cup Final was drawing closer, the injury of the best player was a _____ for the whole team.
A. misdemeanor B. mistrust C. misfortune D. mischief
14. The best solution to the problem can only be found by a process of trial and _____.
A. error B. mistake C. success D. experiment
15. He thought that he might be able to avoid paying some of his taxes by taking advantage of the ______ in the law.
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A. circles B. loopholes C. exceptions D. misunderstanding
1. His most important innovation was the introduction of the seminary method of instruction for advanced students.
A. change B. beginning C. theme D. discourse
2. The young man acted foolishly in spite of all his father's exhortation.
A. remark B. curse C. praise D. advice
3. Though years have passed, the abandoned child still lives in melancholy. A. surprise B. poverty C. sadness D. joy
4. I resent his hypocritical posing as a friend for he is interested only in his own advancement.
A. selfish B. ugly C. deceptive D. frank
5. The small grocer was at the mercy of people he owed money to.
A. as a result of B. in the power of C. in the interest of D. on account of
6. His remarks are always succinct and pointed. A. witty
B. brief C. instructive
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D. humorous
7. Don't interrupt John. He is grappling with the accounts.
A. persisting in B. working at C. insisting on D. looking up
8. The multitude may laugh at his music, but we know better.
A. Many people B. Young people C. Educated people D. Ordinary people
9. We must make massive efforts to improve things.
A. great B. useful C. vain D. further
10. The children at play among the flowers made a charming spectacle.
A. audience B. crowd C. sight D. photo
11. The manager ______ the clerk for his mistake.
A. rebuked B. rebelled C. referred D. restricted
12. How did it ______ that you didn't report this to us in good time?
A. come about B. come across C. come around D. come at
13. As we know, many ______ influence the result of an election.
A. impurities
B. Impossibilities C. imponderables (不可估量的不确定的)
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D.
impulses
14. After the speech the meeting became a __喧闹____.
A. mass B. Bedlam C. chaos D. disorder
15. It took some explaining to get the point ______.
A. out B. off C. across D. forward
16. This new machine will ______ us from all the hard work we once had to do.
A. emancipate B. remove C. take D. obtain
17. It is a ______ that in such a rich country there should be so many poor people.
A. phenomenon B. fact C. paradox D. belief
18. The leaders decided to organize ______ in order to arouse the members of their party.
A. a convey B. an exercise C. a rally D. a sensation
19. Mr. Green is the manager who ______ the business of the book store.
A. operates in B. presides over C. integrates with D. relieves from
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20. Though they disagreed on details, they were in _______ agreement on the plan.
A. substantial B. all C. thorough D. full
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1. Samsung, with a capitalisation投资，利用 as high as $57bn, has grown as one of the world’s most powerful technology companies in recent years.
A. money B. wealth C. profit D. turnover
2. He just laughed, and dismissed the idea as unimportant. A. treated B. judged C. estimated D. supposed
3. His new book received accolades 嘉奖，表扬from the papers.
A. criticism B. stress
C. underestimation D. strong praise 4. He embraced包括； 包含； 接受； 信奉 at once my offer to employ him.
A. took willingly B. refused
C. dismissed D. laughed at
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5. You should have bought the shares a month ago, and now you’ve missed the party.
A. been slow B. lost a good chance C. failed D. wasted the money
6. He is a very versatile多才多艺的；有多种学问、技能或职业的performer; he can act, sing, dance and play the piano.
A. good B. skilful C. gifted D. emotional
7. The high IQ sets him apart from other children as an infant prodigy.
Part II Paraphrase
第一册
Lesson 1 The Middle Eastern Bazaar
1) Little donkeys thread their way among the throngs of people.
◆Little donkeys make their way in and out of the moving crowds
2) Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market.
◆Then as you go deeper into the market, the noise of the entrance gradually
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disappears, and you come to the silent cloth-market.
3) They narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price down.
◆After careful search, comparison and some primary bargaining, they reduce their choices and try making the decision by beginning to do the really serious job convince the shopkeeper to lower the price.
4) He will price the item high, and yield little in the bargaining.
◆He will ask for a high price for the item and refuse to cut down the price by any significant amount.
5) As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear.
◆As you get near it, a variety of sounds begin to strike your ear.
Lesson 2 Hiroshima -- the \"Liveliest”City in Japan
1）serious-looking men spoke to one another as if they were obvious of the crowds about them
◆They were so absorbed in their conversion that they seemed not to pay any attention to the people around them.
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2）The cab driver’s door popped open at the very sight of a traveler.
◆As soon as the taxi driver saw a traveler, he immediately open the door .
3) The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt.
◆The traditional floating houses among high modern buildings represent the constant struggle between old tradition and new development.
4）I experienced a twinge of embarrassment at the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima in my socks.
◆I suffered from a strong feeling of shame when I thought of the scene of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima wearing my socks only.
5) The few Americans and Germans seemed just as inhibited as I was.
◆The few Americans and Germans seemed just as restrained as 1 was．
6) After three days in Japan, the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible.
◆After three days in Japan one gets quite used to bowing to people as a ritual to show gratitude．
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7) I was about to make my little bow of assent, when the meaning of these last words sank in, jolting me out of my sad reverie .
◆I was on the point of showing my agreement by nodding when I suddenly realized what he meant．His words shocked me out my sad dreamy thinking．
8) I thought somehow I had been spared.
◆I thought for some reason or other no harm had been done to me．
Lesson3 Ships in the Desert
1. the prospects of a good catch looked bleak
◆It was not at all possible to catch a large amount of fish.
◆The editorial accuses the Third International of being pedantically and confusingly wordy.
Lesson 12 The Loons
1. with a face that seemed totally unfamiliar with laughter.(Para. 2) 脸上少有笑容。
◆who looked badly serious, rarely laughed
2. Sometimes old Jules, or his son Lazarus, would get mixed up in Saturday-night bra
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wl (Para. 2) 有时周六晚上，老儒勒或是他的儿子拉扎鲁会打架闹事。
◆Sometimes old Jules, or his son Lazarus, would get involved in a rough fight at night of Saturday after getting drunk.
3. her attendance had always been sporadic and her interest in school work negligible. (Para. 3) 她经常翘课而且对学校功课一点都没有兴趣。
◆She often missed her classes and was not interested in schoolwork.
4. she existed for me only as a vaguely embarrassing presence. (Para. 3) 她的出现对我来说只能让我很尴尬。
◆Her presence would make me feel uneasy.
5. She dwelt and moved somewhere with my scope of vision… (Para. 3) 她生活和活动的范围都在我眼前。
◆She was always within my range of sight. (I saw her, but I paid little attention to her.)
6. If it came to a choice between Grandmother Macleod and Piquette, Piquette would win hands down, nits or not. (Para. 14)
如果要我母亲在麦克里奥祖母和皮格特之间做一个抉择的话，那被选上的毫无疑问就是皮格特，不管她头上是否有虱子。
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◆If my mother had to make a choice between Grandma Macleod and Piquette, it is certain that my mother would choose the latter one without hesitation, whether Piquette had nits or not.
7. Her defiant face, momentarily, became unguarded and unmasked, and in her eyes there was a terrifying hope. 此时此刻，她那揭下面具和保护罩的脸上露出的是一副坚强不屈、敢于挑战一切的神情，她的眼神里也透出一种强烈得令人畏惧的渴望。
◆At that time, we could see an expression of challenge on her face, which was so intense that it filled people with terror.
8. she looked a mess, to tell you the truth, a real slattern, dressed any old how. (Para. 69) 她看上去乱七八糟的，老实说完全是个邋遢的女人，衣着非常马虎。
◆She didn’t look tidy and clean. To be honest, she was a dirty woman, dressed in a careless way.
9. She was up in court a couple of times—drunk and disorderly, of course. (Para. 69) 因为酗酒和扰乱治安，她被法院传去了几次。
◆She was brought in court several times, because she got drunk and harassed the public.
Lesson 15 No signposts in the sea
1.The Colonel, who is not too offensively an Empirebuilder, sometimes tries to talk to
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me about public affairs.
◆The Colonel, an Empire builder who is not too disgustingly aggressive, sometimes tries to talk to me about public affairs.
2.Or maybe Laura’s unwitting influence has called it out.
◆or maybe my suppressed inclination has been brought out under Laura’s unintentional influence.
3.Dissmissive as a Pharisee, I regarded as moonlings all those whose life was lived on a less practical plane.
◆I was as puritanical as a Pharisee and I viewed with contempt all those who live a less practical life than my own and regarded them as inhabitants on the moon.
4.And now see how I stand, as sentimental and sensitive as any old maid doing water-colors of sunsets.
◆Just imagine how I have changed now. Here I stand, sentimental and sensitive, like an old unmarried woman painting a water-color picture of sunsets.
5. I want my fill of beauty before I go.
◆Before I die, I want to enjoy beauty to my heart’s content.
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6.Thus, I imagine, must the pious fell cleansed on leaving the confessional after the solemnity of absolution.
◆I imagine devoted religious people must be experiencing a thorough catharsis as I do now when they leave the solemn confessional after gaining pardon of their sins.
7.there is a touch of rough poetry about him.
◆There is a trace of simple poetic quality in his character.
8.I like also the out-of –the –way information which he imparts from time to time without insistence.
◆I also like the unusual information he conveys to me from time to time without speaking emphatically.
9. I suspect also that there is quite a lot of lore stored away in the Colonel’s otherwise not very interesting mind.
◆There is quite a lot of knowledge stored away in the Colonel’s mind, which is not interesting except for that.
10. This is the new Edmund Carr with a vengeance.
◆This is quiet another Edmund Carr, who has changed so much!
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第二册
第一课face to face with hurricane camille
1. we are elevated 23 feet.
We' re 23 feet above sea level.
2. the place has been here since 1915,and no hurricane has ever bothered it.
The house has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever caused any damage to it.
3. we can batten down and ride it out.
We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.
4. the generator was doused ,and the lights went out.
Water got into the generator and put it out. It stopped producing electricity, so the lights also went out.
5. everybody out the back door to the cars!
Everybody go out through the back door and run to the cars.
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6. the electrical systems had been killed by water.
The electrical systems in the car had been put out by water.
7. John watched the water lap at the steps ,and felt a crushing guilt.
As John watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee inland.
8. get us through this mess ,will you .
()h God, please help us to get through this storm safely.
9. She carried on alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away. Grandmother Koshak sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew dimmer and stopped.
10. Janis had just one delayed reaction. Janis displayed rather late the exhaustion brought about by the nervous tension caused by the hurricane.
第二课Marrakech
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IV. 1.the burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. The buring-ground is nothing more than a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth looking like a deserted and abandoned piece of land on which a building was going to be put up.
2.All colonial empire in reality founded upon that fact. All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies like animals (by not treating the people in the colonies as human beings).
3.they rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and them they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard.
They are born. Then for a few years they work, toil and starve. Finally they die and are buried in graves
第八课The worker as creator or machine
1. Because of the fact itself that man produces, he has developed far beyond all other animals.
2. Work also frees man from nature and makes him into a social being independent of nature.
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3. All the above-mentioned work shows how man has trans formed nature through his reason and skill.
4. Therefore pleasure and work went together so did the cultural development of the worker go hand in hand with the work he was doing.
5. Work became the chief element in a system that preached an austere and self-denying way of life. Work was the only thing that brought relief to those who felt alone and isolated leading this kind of ascetic life.
6. In capitalist society the worker feels estranged from or hostile to the work he is doing.
7. Work helps the worker to earn some money; and earning money only is an activity without much significance or purpose.
8. Just earning some money is not enough to make a worker have a proper respect of himself.
9. Most industrial psychologists are mainly trying to manage and control the mind of the worker.
10. Better relations with the public will yield larger profits to management. The management will earn larger profits if
it has better relations with the public.
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11. The fact that many gadgets are indeed useful is often used by advertisers as a more \"high-minded\" cover for what is really a vulgar, base appeal to idleness and willingness to accept things.
12. The businessman knows the quality or usefulness of his product is not what it should be. He despises the goods he produces, conscious of the deception involved.
第十二课the discovery of what it means to be an American
1. The fate of an American is complicated and hard to understand.
2. They were uneasy and uncomfortable in Europe as I was.
3. They were all trying to find their own special individualities.
4. I don't think I could have accepted in America my Negro status without feeling ashamed.
5. Europe can also have a very frustrating or disabling effect.
6. It is easier in Europe for people of different social groups and occupations to intermingle and have social intercourse.
7. In Europe a good waiter and a good actor are equally proud of their social status and position. They are not jealous of each other and do not live in fear of losing their position.
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8. I was born in New York but have lived only in some small areas of the city.
9. The reconsideration of the significance and importance of many things that one had taken for granted in the past can be very painful, though very valuable.
10. The life of a writer really depends on his accepting the fact that no matter where he goes or what he does he will always carry the marks of his origins.
11. American writers live in a mobile society where nothing is fixed, so they do not have a fixed society to describe.
12. Every society is influenced and directed by hidden laws, and by many things deeply felt and taken for granted by the people, though not openly spoken about.
Part III Translation
Lesson 1 The Middle Eastern Bazaar
1、(2012)The one I am thinking of particularly is entered by a Gothic - arched gateway of aged brick and stone. You pass from the heat and glare of a big, open square into a cool, dark cavernwhich extends as far as the eye can see, losing itself in the shadowy distance.
此时此刻显现在我脑海中的这个中东集市，其入口处是一座古老的砖石结构的哥特式拱门。你首先要穿过一个赤日耀眼、灼热逼人的大型露天广场，然后走进一个凉爽、幽暗的洞穴。这市场一直向前延伸，一眼望不到尽头，消失在远处的阴影里。
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2、It is a point of honor with the customer not to let the shopkeeper guess what it is she really likes and wants until the last moment.
对于顾客来说，至关重要的一点是，不到最后一刻是不能让店主猜到她心里究竟中意哪 样东西、想买哪样东西的。
3、The seller, on the other hand, makes a point of protesting that the price he is charging is depriving him of all profit, and that he is sacrificing this because of his personal regard for the customer.
而在卖主那一方来说，他必须竭尽全力地声称，他开出的价钱使他根本无利可图，而他之所以愿意这样做完全是出于他本人对顾客的敬重。
4、(2010)The pole is attached at the one end to an upright post, around which it can revolve, and at the other to a blind-folded camel, which walks constantly in a circle, providing the motive power to turn the stone wheel.
磙轴的一端与一根立柱相连， 使石磙可以绕立柱作旋转运动，另一端则套在一头蒙着眼罩的骆驼身上，通过骆驼不停地绕 圈子走动来带动石磙旋转。
5、The machine is operated by one man, who shovels the linseed pulp into a stone vat, climbs up nimbly to a dizzy height to fasten ropes, and then throws his weight on to a great beam made out of a tree trunk to set the ropes and pulleys in motion. Ancient girders girders creak and groan , ropes tighten and then a trickle of oil oozes oozes down a stone runnel into a used petrol can . Quickly the trickle becomes a flood of glistening linseed oil as the beam sinks earthwards, taut and protesting, its creaks blending with the squeaking
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and rumbling of the grinding-wheels and the occasional grunts and sighs of the cameis.
这套装置是由一个人操作的。他先将亚麻籽浆铲入一只大石缸里，继而动作利索 地爬上令人头晕目眩的高处系牢缆索，然后全身使劲压在一根用树干做成的粗大的横梁上， 带动缆索的滑轮装置运转。古木大梁压得嘎吱作响，缆索开始绷紧，接着便见一滴滴的油沿 着一条石槽流入一只废旧汽油桶里。随着大梁越压越低，缆索越绷越紧，大梁的嘎吱声，石 磙的辘辘声，以及骆驼不时发出的咕噜咕噜的呼吸声和叹息声响成一片，榨出的油也很快地 由涓滴细流变成了一股晶莹发亮、奔腾不止的洪流。
Lesson 2 Hiroshima -- the \"Liveliest”City in Japan
1、And secondly, because I had a lump in my throat and a lot of sad thoughts on my mind that had little to do with anything a Nippon railways official might say. The very act of stepping on this soil, in breathing this air of Hiroshima, was for me a far greater adventure than any trip or any reportorial assignment I'd previously taken. Was I not at the scene of the crime?
其次，则是因为我当时心情沉重，喉咙哽噎，忧思万缕，几乎顾不上去管那日本铁路官员说些什么。踏上这块土地，呼吸着广岛的空气，对我来说这 行动本身已是一套令人激动的经历，其意义远远超过我以往所进行的任何一次旅行或采访活 动。难道我不就是在犯罪现场吗?
2、Quite unexpectedly, the strange emotion which had overwhelmed me at the station returned, and I was again crushed by the thought that I now stood on the site of the first atomic bombardment, where thousands upon thousands of people had been slainin one second, where thousands upon thousands of others had lingered on to die in slow agony .
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出人意料的是，刚到广岛车站时袭扰 着我的那种异样的忧伤情绪竟在这时重新袭上心头，我的心情又
Lesson 7 The Age of Miracle Chips
1、Just as the Industrial Revolution took over an immense range of tasks from men's muscles and enormously expanded productivity, so the microcomputer is rapidly assuming huge burdens of drudgery from the human brain and thereby expanding the mind’ s capacities in ways that man has only begun to grasp. With the chip, amazing feats of memory and execution become possible in everything from automobile engines to universities and hospitals, from farms to banks and corporate offices, from outer space to a baby's nursery.
正如工业革命替人 类承担了大量繁重的体力劳动，并极大地发展了生产力一样，微型计算机正迅速地替人类承 担起大量繁重的脑力劳动，并以人们现在才开始掌握的各种方式扩大了人脑的功能。有了集成电路片，计算机存储信息和执行指令的惊人本领就在以汽车发动机到大学和医院，从农场到银行和公司办公室，从外层空间到托儿所等各个领域发挥作用。
2、Such painless, productive awakenings will in time be a familiar thing. And, barring headaches, tummy aches and heartaches, the American day should proceed as smoothly as it begins.
像以上描述的那种早晨舒舒服服地起来，不费多大劲却能做好许多事情，这种情况将来会极为普通。只要没有头痛、 胃痛和心痛，美国人一天的生活会过得像一天开始时一样顺畅。
3、Public education, so often a dreary and capricious process in the U. S., may be
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invested with the inspiriting quality of an Oxford tutorial – from preschool on.
在美国，常常 是枯燥乏味、变化无常的公共教育也将会具有像牛津大学导师制教育那样令人振奋的质量— —从学前教育开始即是这样。
4、Certainly the miracle chip will affect American life in ways both benign and productive. The computer revolution is stimulating intellects, liberating limbs and propelling mankind to a higher order of existence.
神奇的集成电路片必然会以既有益又有效的方式 影响美国生活，计算机革命正在促进人的智力发展，解放人的四肢，将人类生活提到一个更 高的水平。
Lesson 8 An Interactive Life
1、Sounds great in theory, but even the truest believers have a hard time when it comes to nailing down specifics about how it will actually work. Will we control the data via the telephone, the TV, the personal computer or a combination of all of the above? When will it be available? Will it be cheap enough for everyone? How will we negotiate such a mass of images, facts and figures and still find time to sleep? Will government regulate messages sent out on this vast data highway? And, frankly, what do we need all this stuff for anyway?
这在理论上听起来是棒极了，但一旦具体到究竟如何运作时，就连最真诚的信奉者也感 到为难。我们是通过电话、电视、家用电脑，还是上述几种方式的综合运用来支配资料?它何 时可以上市?它能便宜到人人都能买得起吗?我们怎样才能处理如此大量的图像、材料、数字 而还有时间睡觉?政府会对通过这广阔的信息公路发出的信息进行调控吗?而且，坦率地讲， 我们究竟要这些东西干什么呢?
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2、(2010)While these developments are clever, fun and even convenient, they're not quite revolutionary. Denise Caruso, editor of Digital Media, a San Francisco-based industry newsletter, calls this \" fake interactive,\" just one step past passive viewing, pure couch-potato mode. In the most common version of this scheme, consumers will communicate with the TV through the combination of a control box and their remote control, or, perhaps, the telephone. To some degree, viewers already have accepted a certain amount of fake interactivity by channel surfing with their remotes, ordering pay-for-view movies and running up their credit-card bills on the Home Shopping Network.
尽管这些发明创造很聪明，很有趣，甚至带来很多便利，但还不算什么大的改革。设在 旧金山的工业通讯杂志《数字媒介》的编辑丹尼斯?卡鲁索把这称作“假冒的相互作用” ，只 比被动观看前进一步，纯粹是一种懒散的老式观看电视的风尚。这一方案最常见的一种说法 就是消费者通过一个操纵箱、他们的遥控器——也许还有电话——结合在一起，与电视沟通。 在某种程度上，观众已接受了一部分假冒的相互作用，如用遥控器快速选择频道，预定付钱 观看的电视，以及利用居家购物网购物，以致信用卡帐单迅速上升。
第二册《高级英语》段落翻译答案
Lesson 1 Face to face with hurricane camille迎战卡米尔号飓风
1、（2012）21段 Seconds after the roof blew off the Koshak house, john yelled, \"Up the stairs -- into our bedroom! Count the kids.\" The children huddled in the slashing rain within the circle of adults. Grandmother Koshak implored, \"Children, let's sing!\" The children were too frightened to respond. She carried on alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away.
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柯夏克家的屋顶一被掀走，约翰就高喊道：“快上楼一一到卧室里去!数数孩子。”在倾盆大雨中，大人们围成一圈，让孩子们紧紧地挤在中间。柯夏克老奶奶哀声切切地说道：“孩子们，咱们大家来唱支歌吧!”孩子们都吓呆了，根本没一点反应。老奶奶独个儿唱了几句，然后她的声音就完全消失了。
2、第22段Debris flew as the living-room fireplace and its chimney collapsed. With two walls in their bedroom sanctuary beginning to disintegrate, John ordered, \"Into the television room!\" This was the room farthest from the direction of the storm.
客厅的壁炉和烟囱崩塌了下来。弄得瓦砾横飞。眼看他们栖身的那间卧室电有两面墙壁行将崩塌，约翰立即命令大伙：“进电视室去!”这是离开风头最远的一个房间。
3、（2011）23段 For an instant, John put his arm around his wife. Janis understood. Shivering from the wind and rain and fear, clutching two children to her, she thought, Dear Lord, give me the strength to endure what I have to. She felt anger against the hurricane. We won't let it win.
约翰用手将妻子搂了一下。詹妮丝心里明白了他的意思。由于风雨和恐惧，她不住地发抖。她一面拉过两个孩子紧贴在自己身边，一面默祷着：亲爱的上帝啊，赐给我力量，让我经受住必须经受的一切吧。她心里怨恨这场飓风。我们一定不会让它得胜。
4、（2010）24段Pop Koshak raged silently, frustrated at not being able to do anything to fight Camille. Without reason, he dragged a cedar chest and a double mattress from a bed-room into the TV room. At that moment, the wind tore out one wall and extinguished the lantern. A second wall moved, wavered, Charlie Hill tried to support it, but it toppled on him, injuring his back. The house, shuddering and rocking, had moved 25
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feet from its foundations. The world seemed to be breaking apart.
柯夏克老爹心中窝着一团火，深为自己在飓风面前无能为力而感到懊丧。也说不清为什么，他跑到一问卧室里去将一只杉木箱和一个双人床垫拖进了电视室。就在这里，一面墙壁被风刮倒了，提灯也被吹灭。另外又有一面墙壁在移动，在摇晃。查理.希尔试图以身子撑住它，但结果墙还是朝他这边塌了下来，把他的背部也给砸伤了。房子在颤动摇晃，已从地基上挪开了25英尺。整个世界似乎都要分崩离析了。
5、第25段\"Let's get that mattress up!\" John shouted to his father. \"Make it a lean-toagainst the wind. Get the kids under it. We can prop it up with our heads and shoulders!\"
“我们来把床垫竖起来!”约翰对父亲大声叫道。“把它斜靠着挡挡风。让孩子们躲到垫子下面去，我们可以用头和肩膀把垫子。”
6、第26段The larger children sprawledon the floor, with the smaller ones in a layer on top of them, and the adults bent over all nine. The floor tilted. The box containing the litter of kittens slid off a shelf and vanished in the wind. Spooky flew off the top of a sliding bookcase and also disappeared. The dog cowered with eyes closed. A third wall gave way. Water lapped across the slanting floor. John grabbed a door which was still hinged to one closet wall. \"If the floor goes,\" he yelled at his father, \"let's get the kids on this.\"
大一点的孩子趴在地板上，小一点的一层层地压在大的身上，大人们都弯下身子罩住他们。地板倾斜了。装着那一窝四只小猫的盒子从架上滑下来，一下子就在风中消失了。斯普琪被从一个嵌板书柜顶上刮走而不见踪影了。那只狗紧闭着双眼，缩成一团。又一面墙壁倒塌了。水拍打着倾斜的地板。约翰抓住一扇还连在壁柜墙上的门，对他父亲大声叫道：“假若地板塌了，咱们就把孩子
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放到这块门板上面
7、第27段In that moment, the wind slightly diminished, and the water stopped rising. Then the water began receding. The main thrust of Camille had passed. The Koshaks and their friends had survived.
就在这一刹那间，风势稍缓了一些，水也不再上涨了。随后水开始退落。卡米尔号飓风的中心过去了。柯夏克一家和他们的朋友都幸存下来了。
Lesson 2 Marrakech马拉喀什见闻
1、(2010)20段 But what is strange about these people is their invisibility. For several weeks, always at about the same time of day, the file of old women had hobbled past the house with their firewood, and though they had registered themselves on my eyeballs I cannot truly say that I had seen them. Firewood was passing -- that was how I saw it. It was only that one day I happened to be walking behind them, and the curious up-and-down motion of a load of wood drew my attention to the human being beneath it. Then for the first time I noticed the poor old earth-colored bodies, bodies reduced to bones and leathery skin, bent double under the crushing weight. Yet I suppose I had not been five minutes on Moroccan soil before I noticed the overloading of the donkeys and was infuriated by it. There is no question that the donkeys are damnably treated. The Moroccan donkey is hardly bigger than a St. Bernard dog, it carries a load which in the British Army would be considered too much for a fifteen-hands mule, and very often its packsaddle is not taken off its back for weeks together. But what is peculiarly pitiful is that it is the most willing creature on earth, it follows its master like a dog and does not need either bridle or halter . After a dozen years of devoted work it suddenly drops dead, 41
whereupon its master tips it into the ditch and the village dogs have torn its guts out before it is cold.
然而这些人的真正奇特之处还在于他们的隐身的特性。一连几个星期，每天几乎在同一时候总有一队老妪扛着柴草从我房前蹒跚走过。虽然他们的身影以映入我的眼帘，但老实说，我并不曾看见她们。我所看见的是一捆捆的柴草从屋外掠过。直到有一天我碰巧走在她们身后时，堆柴草奇异的起伏动作才使我注意到原来下面有人。(2014英译汉)这才第一次看见那些与泥土同色的可怜老妪的躯体——枯瘦的只剩下皮包骨头、被沉重的负荷压得弯腰驼背的躯体。然而，我踏上摩洛哥国土还不到五分钟就已注意到驴子的负荷过重，并为此感到愤怒。驴子遭到荷虐，这是无疑的事实。摩洛哥的驴子不过如一只瑞士雪山救人犬一般大小，可它驮负的货物重量在英国军队里让一头五英尺高的大骡子来驮都嫌过重。而且，它还常常是一连几个星期不卸驮鞍。尤其让人觉得可悲的是，它是世上最驯服听话的牲畜。不需要鞍辔会僵绳。它便会像狗一样更随着自己的主人。为主人拼命干上十几年活后，它便猝然倒地死去，这时，主人就把它仍进沟里，尸体未寒，其五脏六腑便被村狗扒出来吃掉。
高级英语汉译英2010—2013年的题全是上面的．20分
Lesson 1The Middle Eastern Bazaar
1)一条蜿蜒的小路淹没在树荫深处
A zig-zag path loses itself in the shadowy distance of the woods.
2)集市上有许多小摊子，出售的货物应有尽有2010
At the bazaar there are many stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold.
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3) 我真不知道到底是什么事让他如此生气。
I really don't know what it is that has made him so angry.
4)新出土的铜花瓶造型优美，刻有精细、复杂的传统图案。The newly unearthed bronze vase is pleasing in form and engraved with delicate and intricate traditional designs.
5)在山的那边是一望无际的大草原。
Beyond the mountains there is a vast grassland that extends as far as the eye can see.
6)他们决定买那座带有汽车房的房子。
They decided to buy that house with. a garage attached.
7）教师们坚持对学生严格要求。
The teachers make a point of being strict with the students.
8）这个小女孩非常喜欢他的父亲。This little girl is very much attached to her father.
9）为实现四个现代化，我们认为有必要学习外国的先进科学技术。To achieve the four modernization, we make a point of learning from the advanced science and technology of other countries.
10）黄昏临近时，天渐渐地暗下来了。As dusk fell, daylight faded away.
11）徒工仔细地观察他的师傅，然后照着干。
The apprentice watched his master carefully and then followed suit.
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12）吃完饭弗兰克常常帮助洗餐具。
It is estimated that by the end of this year there will be 120 000 machine men(robots ) working at various posts in service of the human race．
12)这种仪器便于携带，因此对勘探人员很方便。
This instrument is portable，therefore convenient for the prospectors?
13)我看你的电视机需要修理一下，显像管似乎有点毛病。
I'm afraid your TV set needs repairing：It seems there 1s something wrong with the tube．
Lesson 8
1）星期六演出的票子已经没有了，咱们干点别的过周末吧。
There are no tickets available for Saturday's performance，let's do something else for the weekend．
2）这种裙子的各种尺码都有。
The dress is available in all sizes．
3）据我所知，这是他们到目前为止想出的最有实际意义的项目。2010
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To my knowledge．this is the most practical program they have ever conceived of．
4）孩子们玩电子游戏玩得十分开心。
The children have lots of fun playing the video games．
5）那场话剧真没有意思，我们几乎笑不出来。
The play at the theatre was very poor fun．We hardly laughed at a11．
6）“Tailoring”（人才培训）目前是跨国公司主管人员办公室中最流行的行话。
Right now．“tailoring” is the buzzword in executive suites of multinational corporations．
7）音乐台的节目成功地顾及到不同背景的听众所拥有的不同类型的兴趣和品位。
The programs of the music radio successfully cater to the different types of interest and taste among the listeners of varying backgrounds．
8）一些小报竭力迎合一部分读者的低级趣味以便赚钱。
Some tabloids are trying hard to cater to the low taste of some readers for the sake of making money．
9）这家炼油厂每年的炼油量约有一百万吨。
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This oil refinery has a capacity of about one million tons of petroleum a year．
10）一个能容纳八万观众的体育馆正在兴建之中。2010
A stadium with a seating capacity of 80 000 is under construction．
11）这些珍贵的档案首次向研究人员开放。
It is the first time for the researchers have access to the valuable archives.
12）只有少数几个人了解这个案子的细节。
Only a few people had access to the details of the case.
13）随着时间向前推移，医学科学中的一些尖端领域不断被攻克。
The frontiers of medical science are being pushed farther onwards as time goes on.
14）这两名选手竞争激烈，他们密切监视对方的每一行动。
The two rivals competed with each other so fiercely that they kept tabs on every move of the opponent.
15）父母把希望寄托在儿子身上，所以决定将他送入一所昂贵的私立学校。
The parents are pinning all their hopes on their son, so they've decided to send him to an expensive private school.
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16）他对各种新鲜事物都感兴趣，对电脑更是特别喜爱。
He is keen on all kinds of new things and has preference for computers.
Lesson 15
1)他对水彩画很有鉴赏力。
He has a good eye for water-colors.
2)女儿大胆地表示不同意父母对她婚事的安排。
The daughter ventured to object to her parents' arrangement of her marriage.
3)迫于贫穷，他开始偷窃。
Pressed by poverty, he took to stealing.
4)在旅途中，我我看小说，以消磨时间。 My long journey was beguiled with novels.
5)我想你一定读过马克吐温的书。 I suppose you have read Mark Twain.
6)他的全部注意力都集中在这个问题上，而不顾其他的问题。
He concentratedall his attention on this problem to the exclusion of all others.
7)如果不立刻作出正确的决定，整个事情就算办得到，也会很难。
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Failure to make the right decision at once will make the whole thing very difficult if not impossible.
8)问题堆积如山，我们必须尽快地解决。
Our problems are piling up. We must solve them as quickly as we can.
9)哨兵每四个小时换一次岗。
The sentries are relieved every four hours.
10)他的话里带有一点讽刺的味道。 There was a touch of irony in his remark.
11)童年的回忆渐渐淡漠了。
Memories of childhood are gradually receding.
每册前十课比较重要！
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