近五年高考听力试题命题分析

一、近五年高考听力试题命题分析

表一 听力材料整体分析 顺序 1 1999 词量 21 18 14 30 23 123 215 79 115 140 778 100 0.56 回合 1 1 1 1.5 1 6 4.5 4.5 6 2000 词量 21 20 20 29 26 120 120 148 80 125 709 105 0.62 回合 1 1 1 1 1 5.5 2 4.5 3.5 2001 词量 14 33 21 54 43 121 186 135 95 145 847 115 0.58 回合 1 1 1 1 1 1.5 5 4 4 2002 词量 36 23 46 44 29 115 130 75 76 224 818 120 0.54 回合 1.5 1 1.5 2 2 5 5.5 3 1.5 4 2003 词量 27 35 28 35 51 59 86 172 159 155 807 125 0.64 回合 1 2 1 1.5 2 3 2.5 3 6.5 对话2 3 4 5 语速（w/m） 难度系数

从表一可以看出： 1．结构形式非常稳定

除2002年十段材料均为对话外，其余年份均为5段小对话，四段长对话和一段独白。 2．难度呈上升趋势

主要体现在：

1）第一节小对话的轮次在增加。1999-2000年均只有一个轮次（1999年第4个小对话为1.5轮次）；2002、2003年的小对话大多为1.5至2轮次； 2）语句的长度在增加。1999-2001年的小对话稳定在14-30词之间，而2002-2003年则在21-54词之间，听力材料的总词量呈下降—上升—下降趋势。

3）第二节长对话的轮次在减少，但语句长度大大增加，最长的对话达到244词。 4）语速逐年增加，1999年语速为100 w/m，以后每年依次以5-10 w/m的速度增加，2003年达到了125 w/m。

3．材料顺序安排合理

每一节对话中长短语句交替进行，话轮繁简不断变化。这样安排非常合理，能使考生在紧张之后有松弛，一张一弛，更有助于考生水平的正常发挥。 表二 听力题材比较

Text1 Text2 Text3 1999年 邀请 就餐 购物 2000年 购物 时间 告别 2001年 就餐 上课 家人信息 2002年 谈作家 谈球星 山中野营 2003年 请求 提供帮助 看录像 长对话6 7 8 9 10 独白 总词量 Text4 Text5 Text6 Text7 Text8 Text9 Text10 问路 懊悔 租车 入俱乐部 预约租车 庆贺生日 火灾报道 旅游 约会 买票 问路 周末计划 约人会餐 自然灾害 火车时刻 乘车外出 朋友来信 邀请 乘车认路 电话传信 个人经历 促销 预定房间 睡眠习惯 海滨度假 课后答疑 安排作息 采访园艺 考试变更 核对信息 上班迟到 打电话 采访 老友相见 培训计划 从表二可以看出： 1听力材料题材广泛，涉及文化、教育、人物、日常生活、科普等； 2内容真实，贴近生活，如购物、就餐、乘车、培训、问路、旅游等；

3体现交际性原则：涉及邀请、购物、询问、告别、请求、懊悔、打电话等中学教学大纲规定要求掌握的交际功能项目。

表三 听力考点比较 理解主旨要义 获取具体事实 推断背景关系 理解意图态度 从表三可以看出： 1．细节理解类试题在逐年减少。1999-2002年细节题均稳定在9个，约占听力试题总量的50%，而2003年只有4个，只占听力试题总量的20%。

2．对主旨和说话者意图、态度的考查力度在增加。2000、2001年对主旨和说话者意图、态度的推理判断能力考查的试题有11个，而2003年则有16个，占听力试题总量的80%。 3.强调对段落、短文和篇章的整体理解，以及对细节的推理判断能力的考查。 表四 设问形式比较

what where why which how who when 1999年 9 4 2 1 3 1 2000年 7 4 2 4 1 1 1 2001年 12 1 4 1 2 2002年 8 3 2 3 1 3 2003年 15 1 2 1 1 1999年 3 9 2 6 2000年 2 9 3 6 2001年 1 9 3 7 2002年 2 8 2 8 2003年 3 4 4 9

从表四可以看出：

1．设问形式比较全面，包括what, where, why, which, how, who, when等； 2．多以what为主，2003年竟然占了15题，占听力试题总量的2/3。 3．按照材料先后顺序设问。

综合以上四个表格可以得出如下结论：

从题材上来看， 选材广泛，紧扣实际生活，贴近时代，贴近生活，如购物、就餐、乘车、培训、问路、旅游等；

从考查的交际功能来看，内容全面，涉及到邀请、购物、询问、告别、请求、懊悔、打电话等中学教学大纲规定的交际功能项目；

从试题的构成来看，整个听力试题均由5段小对话，四段长对话和一段独白组成（只有2002年没有独白）；

从题材编排顺序来看，大致遵循“先易后难”的原则，如小对话在前，长对话在后；小对话中较难的结构形式在后（如虚拟语气等）；

从设问的个数来看，小对话设1个问题；长对话与独白平均每段材料设2-4个问题； 从设问顺序的编排来看，一般遵循两个原则：一是按照材料中出现的先后顺序排列；二是“细节理解”题在前，“主旨大意”、“推理判断”题在后； 从问题的类型来看，全是特殊疑问句，如：what, where, why, which, how, who, when等，其中what引出的问题所占比例最大，2003年有15题，占听力试题总量的2/3；

从设问的形式来看，细节理解类试题在逐年减少，细节题从1999-2002年的9道题，下降到2003年的4题；主旨要义和说话者意图、态度的推断能力的考查力度在增加，从2000、2001年的11题，增加到2003年的16题；

从材料的长短来看，小对话多数在20-30词之间，有的长达54词；长对话多数在120-150词之间，长的达186词（如：2001年第7段材料）； 从对话的轮次来看，小对话均在1-2个轮次之间，长对话均在3-5个轮次之间，短的只有1.5个轮次，长的有6.5个轮次（2003年的第9段材料）；

从材料播放的语速来看，语速逐年增加，1999年只有100 w/m ，以后每年以每分钟5词的速度递增，2003年达到了125词/分钟；

从试题难度来看，略有起伏，但稳定在0.54-0.64之间。

总之，对话理解是考查考生在一定语境或情景中所表现出的快速反应、推理判断能力；短文理解则是在此基础上考查考生对一个结构比较完整，意义相对连贯的语段的理解能力，是一种高层次、有难度的听力测试形式。对考生的具体要求可归纳为以下四条： 1．领略主旨大意，概括话题内容

要求考生对听到的内容有一个整体的把握和全面的领会。任何一段对话或独白都是围绕一个中心展开的，有时主旨大意较明显，有时则需要考生自己去归纳、概括。 2．获取具体事实，把握信息联系

要求考生听清、听懂事实信息，准确理解具体细节、特殊信息，如时间、地点、人物、价钱、数量、原因、目的、结果等，同时，还要对所听到的信息做简单的处理，比如数字运算、时间顺序、比较筛选、同义转换、因果关系、深层推理等。理解具体信息有助于把握话题内容领会说话者意图，这是听力考查的重点项目。 3．推测谈话背景，判断人物身份

要求考生理解对话地点、背景和对话者之间的关系。从某方面来看，对对话或独白发生的背景、说话者之间的关系的理解程度，也体现了考生对语篇整体输入、整体理解能力的高低。

4．领会弦外之音，理解观点意图

要求考生不仅能理解听到的内容的主旨大意，而且能通过其中的重要细节、具体事实，揣摩、推断说话者的意图、观点和态度等，因为说话者总会有他（她）自己的意图：提出意见，回答问题，表达想法，或阐明观点。

（一） 近五年高考考查的考点

必考考点：主旨大意；说话背景、人物关系；数字与计算，事件发生的地点、原因；说话者意图、观点、态度；

常考考点：人物身份、时间、褒贬语境的选择、位置、职业；

选考考点：建议、行动、计划。 （二）2004年高考必考知识点

近五年必考的考点仍然是2004年高考的必考点，即：

从交际功能来看，有邀请、购物、问路、打电话、请求、计划安排、提供帮助等；

从材料的题材来看，有文化、教育、人物、科普、新闻报道、天气预报、日常生活等； 从考查的具体内容来看，有数字、计算、判断时间、方位、确定人物关系、主旨要义理解等；

每年的考点均会发生一些变异：如1999年考查了“懊悔”；而2000年则考查了“告别”；2001年考查了“安慰”；2002年考查了“感谢”；2003年考查了“责备”等。因此，2004年有可能仍然考查上述发生变异的交际功能，也有可能考查还未考过的交际功能，如：介绍、问候、劝告、语言困难等。 （三） 2004年高考整体预测 1．结构稳定，难度渐升

①整个听力试题应按照《考试大纲》的规定，由5段小对话、4段长对话和1段独白组成；

②语句长度应维持在2002年和2003年的水平，可能会略有增加，但长对话的词数不会超过200个；

③语速可能会有所提高，估计应达到130-135词/分钟；

④难度系数会有所增加，估计为0.55-0.56左右,和2002年比较接近。 2．题材广泛，内容真实

①材料的题材应涉及文化、教育、人物、日常生活、科普等；

②内容真实，贴近时代，贴近生活，仍然会涉及到购物、就餐、乘车、培训、问路、旅游等常见话题；

③体现交际性原则，可能会涉及到邀请、购物、询问、告别、请求、懊悔、打电话等中学教学大纲规定的交际功能项目。 3．强调语篇，考查能力

①细节理解类试题估计不会超过7道；

②主旨要义理解和对说话者意图、态度的推断能力题仍然会维持在2003年的水准； ③突出语篇的整体理解，即“考大不考小”。 4．设问全面，突出重点

①设问形式全面，应该包括what, where, why, which, how, who, when等； ②以what为主，但很可能不会出现象2003年那样有15道由what引导的问句。

二、2004年高考听力押题

（一）领略主旨大意，概括话题内容

任何一段对话或独白都是围绕一个中心展开的，有时主旨大意较明显，有时则需要归纳、概括。常见的考查话题的问题有：

What are the two speakers talking about？ What are the two speakers doing？ What is the talk / dialogue about？ What’s the passage mainly about？

What’s the topic of the passage

〔高考押题〕 ［Text 1］

M：Right, class. There are some changes to your exam timetable. Your math exam will be changed to the next day.

W：You mean the eighteenth.

M：Yes. And the exam will start and end one hour earlier. 1What will the woman tell the man?

A. Exam results.B. Time for the exam.C. Change of class hours.

〔解析〕根据“some changes to your exam timetable”和后面的“will be changed to the next day”可以判断，双方讨论的是考试时间的变化。故选答案B。

［Text 2］

M：Hello, Sally, do you still remember the other day when we were talking about the novel The Thorn Birds and you said you’d like to meet the author? W：Yes, why?

M：Well, she’s here at our university now.

W：Oh, really? How wonderful! Do you think we’ll have a chance to meet her? M：Yes, of course.

2. What are the man and the woman talking about? A. A novel. B. A meeting. C. A writer.

〔解析〕对话开头男士就谈到“when we were talking about the novel... and you said you’d like to meet the author”，由此可知该对话主要说的是一本小说作者的情况，故正确答案为C。 ［Text 3］

M：What’s your view on the problem of overpopulation? W：In my view, the population has to be controlled, or we’ll face serious economic and social problems.

M：What do you mean by social problems?

W：Well, what I’m trying to say is that unemployment will be a big problem, if the population keeps going up.

M：You have a point there.

3. What are they talking about?

A. Unemployment. B. Economic problems. C. Overpopulation.

〔解析〕答案为C。该对话开门见山地提出了overpopulation这一话题，对话就是围绕这一主题来展开的。故正确答案为C。

（二）获取具体事实，把握信息联系

考生应听清、听懂事实信息，精确理解具体细节、特殊信息，如时间、地点、人物、价钱 、数量、原因、目的、结果等，同时，还要对所听到的信息做简单的处理，比如数字运算、时间顺序和深层推理等。具体内容包括：

1. 时间、价格、年代(when/what price/ which year)等 2. 地点(where/ at what place) 3. 人物(who/ whom/ whose)

4. 事件(from beginning to the end/ when， where， what， how and why) 常见的考查细节的问题有： What is wrong with the girl？

What is the woman’s house number？ What’s the man’s job now？ Where is the woman going？

Whom would they turn to for help？ Which of the following is right／true？ Why did the speaker get a parking ticket？

预测：对话中可能会出现序数词、基数词、货币、价格等，但这类数字题不会很多，因为考生对数字很敏感，这类试题难度较小。 〔高考押题〕

［Text 1］

M：Hello, may I speak to Mrs Ornull?

W：Speaking.

M：This is Special Company. You are one of the lucky housewives chosen to receive our free soap.

W：That’s very nice of you, but I would rather go on using what I’ve always used. Thanks just the same.

1. Where is the woman?

A. In a soap factory.B. In her house.C. At an information desk.

〔解析〕答案为B。 这道题的关键词语是：“housewives, receive our free soap”“,but I would rather go on using what I’ve always used”，由此可知推销员将商品“肥皂”推销到女士家里来了。故答案为B。

［Text 2］

M：I hear you are moving to a new apartment soon. W：Yes, but it’ll be more expensive. My present roommate plays the radio all night long and I can’t sleep.

2. Why is the woman moving?

A. The new apartment is cheaper. B. She likes to listen to the radio.

C. She needs a quieter place. 〔解析〕答案为C。此题在于要求考生根据细节推断事件发生的原因。从对话中的I can’t sleep 这一句，我们可以推断出说话者想找一个比较安静的地方。故答案为C。

（三）对说话背景、说话者之间的关系做出简单的推断

考生应能理解对话地点、背景和对话者之间的关系。常见的考查背景的问题有： Where did the conversation most likely take place？ Where are the two speakers talking？

Where does this conversation take place？ Who do you think Tom probably is？

What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers？ Who is the speaker？

预测：说话者之间的关系可能是医生与病人(doctor and patient)，教师和学生(teacher and student)，老板和秘书(boss and secretary)，父亲(母亲)与儿子(女儿) (father/mother and son/daughter)，服务员与顾客(waiter and customer)等；表示地点的名词可能是两大类，一是国家与城市名，如China, America, Canada, Britain等；二是公共场所、单位等，如cinema, theatre, hotel, restaurant, hospital, library, airport等。

〔高考押题〕 ［Text 1］

M：Did you finish typing that report for me?

W：I know . But I’ve been very busy.

M：Anyway, I need my report in half an hour. Can you manage it? W：I’ll try my best.

M：You’d better, otherwise you will lose job, I’m afraid.

1. Where did the conversation probably take place? A. At home. B. In the office. C. At a store.

〔解析〕答案：B。对话中的关键词“typing”，“report”，“job”等，可帮助学生判断他们是在办公室，而且从男士的语气也可以看出他们之间是老板和秘书的雇佣关系，不可能是在家或者在商店。 ［Text 2］

M：Nancy! I have been waiting for you for two hours. W：Sorry, David. My boss asked me to work overtime. M：But you should have called me for that.

2. What is the relationship between the man and the woman probably?

A. Teacher and student. B. Boss and secretary. C. Husband and wife.

〔解析〕答案为C。从男士对女士的责备和女士话语中my boss asked me to work overtime， 就可以推断两者的关系不可能是老师和学生，也不是老板和秘书，但可能是夫妻关系。所以选答案C。

（四）理解说话者意图、观点和态度

考生不仅能理解听到的内容的主旨大意，而且能通过其中的重要细节、具体事实，揣摩、推断说话者的意图、观点和态度等，因为说话者总会有他（她）的意图：提出意见，回答问题，表达想法，或阐明观点。常见的有关意图的问题有：

What does the woman mean？

What does the speaker want to tell us？ What can we know about the man？

What can we learn from the speakers／conversation／story？

What is the most probable result of the conversation？

Which of the following words best describes the day the speaker had？ 〔高考押题〕 ［Text 1］

W：How’s your son doing in school? Is he smart as his father?

M：He had a promising start, but now he’s doing poorly. To make things worse, he’s stopped going to classes.

1. What does the man mean? A. The son is not doing well. B. The son is as smart as his father.

C. The son is very poor.

〔解析〕答案：A。男士回答说，他儿子刚开始还好，但现在表现很差，更糟糕的是，他现在已停止上学了。故知答案为A。 ［Text 2］

M：Hi, Sue. It’s Moreal.

W：Oh, Hi. How are you?

M：Fine. Look, I was wondering if you are free on Saturday evening. I’ve got some tickets for a concert. Would you like to come? W：Oh, well, I really like to, but...Em， I’m studying for my exams at the moment, and, well, I’m sorry I can’t.

M：Ok, Eh, don’t too worry. Some other time then, I suppose. W：Oh, yeah. Right, sure.

2. What can we learn about the woman? A. She doesn’t really want to go. B. She works hard at school. C. She doesn’t like music.

〔解析〕如果只注意对话内容，则由“I’m studying for my exams at the moment”很容易误选B。但由“but...Em”及“...and, well, I’m sorry I can’t”可知Woman是在推脱。因此答案为A。 ［Text 3］

W：So, you’re going to the Smiths again this weekend? M：Yes, but I can’t make up my mind whether to go by road or rail — the train’s generally less an effort, but it’s a terrible walk from the nearest station to the village. 3. What is the man’s problem? A. He can’t decide how to go. B. He can’t drive himself.

C. He doesn’t like traveling by train.

〔解析〕答案为A。此题旨在对说话者的意图进行判断。题中can’t make up my mind为关键词， 后面出现的对话起迷惑考生的作用，因此应选A。 ［Text 4］

M：Did you watch the midnight film last night?

W：Yes, I watched part of it.

M：I really liked it. I thought it was really exciting. W：Exciting? I fell asleep during the film. 4. How did the woman feel about the film? A. Enjoyable. B. Inspiring. C. Dull.

〔解析〕答案为C。此题要求考生能听出说话者的弦外之音，对说话者的态度和观点做出判断。女士说话时，用升调重复了exciting一词，表示不同意对方的意见，接着还说她在看电影时甚至睡着了，由此可以判断说话者对那场电影不感兴趣。故正确的答案为C。 三、天星教育五星级押题 （一）

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What are they talking about?

A. A book. B. An actor. C. A theatre.

2.What is the relationship between the two speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Boss and secretary. C. Doctor and patient.

3. What will probably happen to the woman? A. She‟ll miss her train. B. She‟ll catch her train. C. She‟ll drive to the station.

4. When is the man going to leave for New York? A. October. B. September. C. December. 5. How much does the woman want to borrow?

A. 20 dollars. B. 12 dollars. C. 8 dollars.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whom does the man have to see at 10 o‟clock? A. Mr Smith. B. Mr Harry. C. Mrs Thompson. 7. Why doesn‟t the man want to see Mrs Thompson? A. He thinks she is unimportant. B. He is tired of meeting people. C. He thinks she is boring.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why does Alison ask John to read the story? A. To advise John to talk more with his father. B. To help John forget his trouble. C. To share her feelings with John.

9. What is the main idea of the conversation? A. Parents nowadays are too busy. B. Family problems are hard to solve. C. Communication is necessary at home.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10.What are they talking about?

A. Visiting the museum.B. Sightseeing.C. Collecting coins. 11. Why did not the man want to go to the museum? A. He wasn‟t interested in museum. B. He wasn‟t interested in birds.

C. He wasn‟t interested in coins.

12. What would the man go to the island mainly to see? A. Some plants. B. Some birds. C. Some flowers. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where is the man going? A. Bank of China.

B. Agricultural Bank of China. C. Joindoor Supermarket.

14.Which of the following statements is true? A. Bank of China is near Joindoor Supermarket.

B. It is about ten minutes‟ walk from the place where they are standing to the bank. C. The man isn‟t familiar with the area.

15. What will the woman do at the end of the conversation? A. She will help the man to get money from the bank. B. She will draw a map for the man.

C. She will show him the way to the bank.

16. Which word can be used to describe the woman?

A. Openminded. B. Warmhearted. C. Honest. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How long has the speaker been in Finland?

A. The whole winter. B. For two weeks. C. For three weeks. 18. What did she come to Finland for?

A. To buy clothes. B. To experience the weather. C. To attend a meeting.

19. What was the speaker‟s biggest problem while preparing for the trip? A. Getting the right kind of clothes. B. Getting used to the weather. C. Selling warm clothes.

20. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Julia‟s been to Northern Europe. B. Julia‟s from Finland. C. Julia makes clothes. 〔题型分析和解答〕

1．B

这道题考查对所听内容主旨要义的理解判断能力。从女士话语就能判断这是两个人在讨论所看的电影的内容，女士认为演员的演技不怎么好，在影片中没有看到她所喜爱的演员，故双方讨论的是演员。

2．C此题为推理判断题。由“What can I do for you?”这一带有职业特点的话语和下文女士的回答，便可推断两者之间的关系为医生和病人。

3.

B 本题考查根据所听对话对于说话者下一步可能发生的事情的内容做出逻辑推断的能力。从对话中知道女的可能会赶不上火车，但下文男的提出开车送她到火车站，由此可知她能赶上火车。

4．A本题三个选项均为表月份的词。录音中只听到September这个关于月份的词，考生很可能受迷惑而选B。在男士的回答中有一个关键词following，这个重要信息词说明他要下一个月动身去纽约，从September算起，下一个月自然就是October了。

5．C本题考查对所听内容的细节理解并对数字做出计算的能力。对话中出现了几个数字，如20 dollars, 12 dollars, 10 dollars和8，最后的数字便是问题的答案。

6．A本题考查对所听内容中的细节把握并对事态的发展做出推断的能力。从女士所说“you do know you have to see Mr Smith, your boss at ten o’clock, right?”便可以做出判断。 7．C

本题考查根据所听对话对于其中一方观点态度做出判断的能力。从男士话语“She’s very kind, I know, but she’s so uninteresting!”中，看出他不愿意去见Mrs Thompson，因为她一点儿也没意思。

8．A

本题考查根据所听对话对于说话者意图做出判断的能力。从女声“I think you should spend more time with your father，”这句话中可以看出她建议John 多和父亲交谈。 9．C

本题考查对于所听对话内容主旨要义的理解判断能力。对话开头女士就问道“Do you often talk with your father, John?”当听到对方很少和父亲交谈时，便建议对方 “... should spend more time with your father”，根据上述分析可知道该对话的主题应该是家庭成员之间的交流的重要性。 10．B

本题考查对于所听对话内容主旨要义的理解判断能力。对话开头女士说道：“I can take you to do some sightseeing”， 紧接着后面进一步讨论了具体参观地点，如：先去海滨公园（Seashore Park）的山顶看看大海的景色（the view of the sea），再商定去别的地方。因此，该对话的中心话题应该是讨论去观光。

11．C

本题考查根据所听对话对于其中一方观点态度做出判断的能力。当女士提出到博物馆去参观钱币展览时，男士回答到“I’m afraid that coins don’t interest me”，可知他根本就对钱币展览不感兴趣。 12．B

本题考查根据所听对话内容对于说话者意图做出判断的能力。从对话中可知道男士对鸟很感兴趣，而且从他的语气中也可得知：“That sounds interesting. I love birds. Let’s do that.” 13．B

本题考查根据所听对话内容对于事态发展（说话者下一步要做什么）做出推断的能力。男士以“Can you tell me how to reach the bank please?”请求对方的帮助， 女士以“Which bank?”

来询问对方，所以女士的回答应该是答题的关键：You need to go to Agricultural Bank of China which is near the local shopping center, Joindoor Supermarket. 由此可以推断男士要去的地方为中国农业银行。 14．C

本题考查根据所听对话中细节信息的把握对相关事实做出判断的能力。对话中只提到了“Agricultural Bank of China is near the local shopping center, Joindoor Supermarket.” 故A不正确；对话中提到“It is about five minutes’ walk from here.”故B也不正确。由此可以判断C为正确答案。 15．B

本题考查根据所听对话内容对于事态发展（说话者下一步要做什么）做出推断的能力。当男士说道“It sounds a little bit difficult”，女士主动提出“I can draw a map for you if you wish.”由此可以推断答案为B。

16.B

本题考查根据所听对话内容对于人物性格做出推断的能力。从对话中女士详悉告诉对方行走路线到最后主动提出“I can draw a map for you if you wish”，由此可以看出女士非常热心。 17．B

本题考查对所听独白话题的理解把握能力。从“Before I came to Finland to attend this meeting two weeks ago”中可以推断答案为B。 18．C

本题考查考生捕捉所听独白中有关细节内容的能力。从“Before I came to Finland to attend this meeting two weeks ago”中可以推断答案为C。

19．A

本题考查考生把握说话者意图的能力。从“I had no idea what kind of clothes I should take along”这句话可以推断答案为A。 20．A

本题考查考生捕捉所听独白中有关细节内容的能力。从“my friend Julia has been to Northern Europe”这句话可以推断答案为A。

〔听力录音原文〕 Text 1

W:I didn‟t think much of it really. M:Why not?

W:Well, I mean, if I go to the theatre, I expect more than just a laugh. Or at least I want to see some actors I‟ve heard of, I mean, have you ever heard of Peter Griffith? M:I don‟t think so. Text 2

M:Good morning, Mrs Smith. What can I do for you?

W:Well, I’m having some difficulty in sleeping. I often wake up at 3∶00 in the morning and I just can’t sleep again. Text 3

W:I really must be leaving now.

M:What time is your train?

W:11∶20. Oh, dear. It’s already 11∶00. I’m going to miss my train. M:Don‟t worry. I‟ll drive you to the station.

Text 4

W:Are you going to leave for New York in September?

M:No, I‟m going to leave for New York the following month. Text 5

W:I want to buy a dictionary worth 20 dollars but I have only 12 dollars with me. Could you spare me some, please?

M:How much do you need?

W:10 dollars. No, 8 will be enough. Text 6

W:Good morning, Mr Harry. How‟s everything going today?

M:Oh, not too bad, thanks. How about you?

W:Fine, thanks. Er, excuse me, but you do know you have to see Mr Smith, your boss at ten o‟clock, right?

M:No... I mean... yes, of course! Do I have to see anyone after that?

W:After that you are supposed to go and see Mrs Thompson. OK?

M:Oh, do I have to? She‟s very kind, I know, but she‟s so uninteresting! And besides, she‟s so far away. Can she come here?

W:Well, no...not really. And you‟re going to be in town anyway, aren‟t you? Or have you forgotten about that, too? Text 7

W:Do you often talk with your father, John?

M:No, not often. In fact, I seldom talk with him. W:Oh, why not?

M:Because I have nothing to talk with him about. Besides, he seems to be too busy to spend time with us.

W:John, I think you should spend more time with your father. Don‟t you think he wants to talk with you?

M:I don‟t know, Alison. Why are you asking me that kind of question?

W:Well, yesterday I read a story about a father and his son, and it was very good. It really moved me. Why don‟t you read it? Text 8

M:Hello. Jack speaking.

W:This is Bill. Listen, Jack, I won‟t have to work tomorrow. I can take you to do some sightseeing.

M:That‟s very kind of you. It‟s my first time here. I‟d like that. Where are we going then? W:We could start with Seashore Park. It‟s quite near here. M:What‟s interesting about the park?

W:We‟ll go to the top of the hill in the park. There you‟ll be able to see the view of the sea. M:Wonderful! I‟ve never seen the sea in my life. W:Then we could visit the museum in the park. M:What‟s on show there?

W:Coins. There are coins from all times.

M:Oh, no. I‟m afraid that coins don‟t interest me.

W:Then, how about going to Bird Island? There are all kinds of birds there, and lots of plants and flowers, too.

M:That sounds interesting. I love birds. Let‟s do that.

Text 9

M:Can you tell me how to reach the bank please?

W:Which bank? There are two: Bank of China and Agricultural Bank of China.

M:I have a KinsCard and I want to get money from the bank.

W:You need to go to Agricultural Bank of China which is near the local shopping center, Joindoor Supermarket.

M:How do I get there? I have no knowledge of this area.

W:Cross the road and turn left at the other side. Walk along the sidewalk until you reach the traffic lights. You will see a shopping center on your right. Walk across the road and turn right after the shopping center. Keep going straight for about 100 meters and the bank is to your left.

M:It sounds a little bit difficult. How far is it from here?

W:It‟s not so difficult. It‟s about five minutes‟ walk from here. I can draw a map for you if you wish.

M:Oh, I would really appreciate that.

Text 10

Yes, you’re right. I am from South Africa. I am not at all used to this cold weather, but I am glad to say that I have all the clothes for this freezing weather. Before I came to Finland to attend this meeting two weeks ago, I had no idea what kind of clothes I should take along. Fortunately, my friend Julia has been to Northern Europe. Yes, she was a great help. She bought me some warm suits and dresses, business type of clothes, of course, of dark colors. She also bought me some skirts and blouses so that I could wear the same clothes in several different ways. Lively colored dresses will give me a nice change from time to time. She also helped to choose a very warm raincoat and a pair of boots. Oh, how lucky I am to have such a helpful friend. She saved me a lot of trouble. （二）

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。 听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Where did the woman go last night?

A. She went to a party. B. She went to a hospital. C. She went nowhere.

2. What is Tom going to do before he goes to the shop? A. To have class at 3∶00. B. To borrow some books. C. To visit his friend.

3. What does the woman mean?

A. She can‟t see the computer now. B. She is eager to see the computer.

C. She wants the man to see the computer first.

4. What is the woman?

A. A driver. B. A policewoman. C. A doctor. 5.What‟s the woman‟s opinion? A. One of them copied the article. B. They were telling the truth.

C. Tom was cheating in the exam.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In the hospital. B．In an office. C．In a car.

7. What happened to the man?

A．He was caught by the policemen. B．He was attacked.

C．He was wearing a stocking.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why won‟t the man bring sleeping bags?

A. Because he has friends along the way. B. Because he will spend the nights in hotels.

C. Because his brother has prepared some for him.

9. Which of the following places will the man visit last?

A. Disneyland. B. Long Island. C. Salt Lake City. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. What are the man and the woman talking about?

A. Mr Brown‟s son. B. Mrs Down‟s son. C. Mike‟s school. 11. How long does Mike stay with his classmates a day?

A. About 8 hours. B. About 6 hours. C. At least 10 hours. 12. How does Mike usually go to school?

A. By bus. B. In his father‟s car. C. On foot. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What are they talking about?

A. Whether they should go for a holiday. B. Where they should go for the holiday. C. How they could save money for the holiday. 14. Why doesn‟t the man want to go to Florida? A. It is too far.

B. It is warmer than Sheffield.

C. It is colder than Sheffield.

15. Where does the man want to go for the holiday?

A. Sheffield. B. Hawaii. C. Wales or Scotland.

16.Which country are probably the two speakers from? A. America. B. England. C. China. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Why did Jack London leave school? A. He had to work to help his family. B. He had completed his education. C. He wanted to become a writer.

18. For what did Jack London go to Alaska? A. He went there to find ideas for the books. B. He went there to find gold. C. He went there to find jobs.

19. How old was he when he died in 1916?

A. 40 years old. B. 60 years old. C. 76 years old. 20. What do we know about Jack London from this passage? A. He became famous but remained poor all his life. B. He didn‟t become famous until he died in 1916. C. He killed himself because of poor health.

〔题型分析和解答〕

1．C本题考查根据对话中细节信息对相关事实做出判断的能力。女士回答内容为解题的关键：“but I was not feeling well, so I stayed home.”由此可以判断女方哪儿也没去。 2．B

本题考查根据所听对话内容对说话者意图做出判断的能力。录音中女士问汤姆放学后是否直接回家，汤姆回答“不”。接着便谈他的打算：①去图书馆；②去购物。问题问的是汤姆去商店之前打算做什么，B项为去借书，而借书应当是到图书馆，故选B。

3．B

本题考查根据所听对话内容对说话者意图做出判断的能力。当男士说他买了一台新电脑时，女士很兴奋，并说道“Really? I can’t wait to see it”，据此可以判断女士是迫不及待想看对方的电脑。 4．C

本题考查根据对话中细节信息对说话者身份做出推断的能力。女士回答内容为解题的关键：先是回答说“I’m sorry， I’m afraid not.”紧接着在下一轮次的回答中更详细地说明 “A patient has just arrived. He was badly hurt in a traffic accident. He is in due to be operated on at once”.由此可以判断女方的身份为医生。

5．A

本题考查根据所听对话内容对说话者观点做出判断的能力。女士的回答为解题的关键：“It would be hard to write two articles so much alike if one of them wasn’t copying from the other.”由此可以判断她认为有一个人在作弊。 6．A

本题考查根据对话中细节信息对说话背景做出推断的能力。从对话中得知女士在对男士受攻击的情况进行询问，女士问道“how did you break your leg?”，男士回答道“when the doctors were putting me into the car, they dropped me!”，据此可以判断对话是在医院进行的。 7．B

本题考查根据对话中细节信息的把握对相关事实做出推断的能力。从开头女士的问话“what

can you remember about the attack?”和男士的回答“I was walking to my car when somebody hit me on the head.”可以得知男士受到了袭击。 8．B

本题考查根据对话中细节信息对说话者意图做出推断的能力。从男士的回答“I’ll spend the nights in hotels and enjoy local food as I pass by.”可以得知答案为B。

9．A

本题考查根据对所听内容细节进行把握与理解的能力。从男士的回答“I start out from Long Island this Friday. I’ve planned a fourday drive to Salt Lake City, ”“And I’ll go to Disneyland”中得知他的旅行路线为Long IslandSalt Lake CityDisneyland。 10．B

本题考查对所听内容主旨要义的理解判断能力。男士见面就向Mrs Downs问好，然后接着问道“ How is your boy, Mike?”，紧接着双方便开始讨论Mrs Downs的儿子的情况。 11．A本题考查对于所听内容中有关时间内容细节的把握与理解能力。女士在对话中交代“he goes to school at eight o’clock every morning. He does get home until after four.”由此做一简单的计算便可知道答案为A。

12．C本题考查对于所听内容细节的把握与理解能力。当男士问对方儿子是否乘车上学时，对方回答道“No, he walks. He likes walking. He meets some of his friends at the corner and they go together. ”据此可以知道答案为C。 13．B

本题考查对于所听内容主旨要义的理解判断能力。对话的开头男士就强调道：“We’re not talking about whether we can have a holiday. We are talking about where and when.”然后他们便开始讨论去什么地方度假。故该对话的中心应该为讨论度假的时间和地点。

14．A本题考查根据对话中细节信息的把握对说话者意图做出推断的能力。当女士说道：“Florida’s warmer than Sheffield”时男士回答道：“You are right, but it’s a long way.”由此可知男士认为路太远了。

15．C

本题考查对话中细节信息的把握与理解能力。对话中女士问男士究竟想去哪儿时，男士这样回答道：“I’m thinking of Wales or Scotland.”很明显答案为C。 16．B

本题考查根据对话中所听内容中的相关细节做出推理判断的能力。对话中男士问对方是否知道他为什么要去Wales or Scotland时，女士这样说道“They’re right on our doorstep and so close to our home.”由此可以判断他们所在的国家既不可能是中国也不可能是美国。 17．A本题考查考生捕捉所听独白中有关细节内容的能力。独白中有这样的话：“His family was very poor, and Jack had to leave school to make money.”由此可知道答案为A。

18．B本题考查考生捕捉所听独白中有关细节内容的能力。独白中有这样的话：“In 1897, he went to Alaska to find gold.”所以答案为B。

19．A本题考查考生根据所听独白中有关细节内容对事实做出推断的能力。独白开头讲到：“Jack London was born on January 12, 1876”，最后一句话又说道“he took his own life in 1916”，考生只要将这两者结合起来就可以计算出他去世时只有40岁。 20．C本题考查考生捕捉所听独白中有关细节内容的能力。在做题时只要考生理解“he took his own life”这句话的意思为kill oneself，就能很容易选出正确答案为C。

〔听力录音原文〕

Text 1

M: I thought that you were going to a party last night.

W: I was planning to, but I was not feeling well, so I stayed home. M: I‟m sorry to hear that. It‟s a pity you didn‟t go there. Text 2

W: Tom, are you going straight home after school today?

M: No, I still have class till 3∶00, and then I’ll go to the library to pick up a few books and do some shopping before I go home. Text 3

M: I‟ve just ordered a new computer. It‟s twice the speed of the one we‟ve got now and much better for games.

W: Really? I can‟t wait to see it.

Text 4

M: I‟ve got two tickets for the film. Would you like to go with me? W: I’m sorry， I’m afraid not. M: What‟s going on?

W: A patient has just arrived. He was badly hurt in a traffic accident. He is in due to be operated on at once. Text 5

M: Don‟t you think Tom and Jack are telling the truth?

W: It doesn‟t seem likely. It would be hard to write two articles so much alike if one of them wasn‟t copying from the other. Text 6

W： Now, Mr Snow, what can you remember about the attack? M： Well, I was working late yesterday evening. W： What time did you leave your office? M： About a quarter past nine. W： Are you sure?

M： Oh, yes. I looked at my watch. W： What did you do then?

M： Well, I locked the door, and I was walking to my car when somebody hit me on the head. W： Did you see the attacker?

M： No, he was wearing a stocking over his head. W： Tell me, Mr Snow, how did you break your leg?

M： Well, when the doctors were putting me into the car, they dropped me! Text 7

W: Are you going somewhere for your vacation? M: Yes, I‟m making plans for a tour.

W: That‟ll be lovely. Where are you going?

M: I start out from Long Island this Friday. I’ve planned a fourday drive to Salt Lake City, where I’ll join my brother and my family for his fortieth birthday.

W: Well, you got to prepare lots of food and enough sleeping bags then?

M: Oh, no. I‟ll spend the nights in hotels and enjoy local food as I pass by. How does it sound?

W: It sounds good; you can do a lot of sightseeing, too. M: Yes, I‟ll take my time. And I‟ll go to Disneyland. W: So, you‟re going to have a nice vacation. Text 8

W：Hello, Mr Brown. How are you?

M：Fine, thanks, Mrs Downs. How is your boy, Mike?

W：He is a bit tired. You know, he goes to school at eight o’clock every morning. He does get home until after four. Then he does his homework after tea. It often takes him a couple of hours to finish it.

M：Poor boy. They work hard at school nowadays, don’t they? Does he like it? W：You mean the school? Yes, he does. He likes his teachers and classmates. M：Does he go to school by bus?

W：No, he walks. He likes walking. He meets some of his friends at the corner and they go together.

M：What does he do when it rains?

W：My husband takes him in the car. He passes the school on the way to the office.

Text 9

W: Bob, can we really afford a holiday?

M: Now listen. You work hard and I work hard. We‟re not talking about whether we can have a holiday. We are talking about where and when. W: Shall we go to Sweden?

M: Sweden‟s colder than Sheffield. I‟d rather not go to Sweden. W: What about Florida? Florida‟s warmer than Sheffield.

M: You are right, but it‟s a long way. How long does it take to get from here to Florida? W: All right. Let‟s go to Hawaii.

M: You must be joking. How much would it cost for the two of us?

W: But the brochure says the problem of money will disappear. Bob, where do you really want to go?

M: I‟m thinking of Wales or Scotland. Do you know why?

W: Yes, they‟re right on our doorstep and so close to our home.

Text 10

Jack London is a famous American writer. His most widely known book is the Call of Wild, the story of the adventures of a large dog in the frozen north.

Jack London was born on January 12, 1876, in San Francisco, California. His family was very poor, and Jack had to leave school to make money. He worked hard at many different jobs. Later, Jack returned to school, but he didn’t stay long. He wrote, “Life and pocketbook were both too short.”

In 1897, he went to Alaska to find gold. Instead, he found ideas there for his books and stories. He returned home and started to write. His writings were successful and he became rich and famous in his twenties.

Jack London was not a happy man, however. In poor health, he took his own life in 1916.

一、命题分析

年份 数量 考察项目 冠词 代词 介词 形容词 词法 副词 时态 语态 词义 词组 情态动词 非谓语动词 句词性从句 状语从句 句法 定语从句 强调句型 简单句 并列句 语序 交际用语 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1999年 2000年 2001年 2002年 2003年 动词 从上表分析可以看出： 1.考点全面，分布合理

单项选择题涵盖了中学英语所有语法项目，内容包括词法、句法、惯用法以及交际用语，突出了词法的考查。

2.强调动词，突出重点

动词是历年单项选择题考查的重点。对动词的考查每年均稳定在7-9题左右，其中1999年有9道题与动词用法有关，约占50%，而2003年对动词的考查在15道题中则有6道，占40%；对动词的考查涉及到动词的时态、语态、情态动词、非谓语动词、动词词义以及动词短语等。

通过上表进一步分析可知：

1．近五年必考的考点有冠词、代词、动词时态、动词辨析、情态动词、非谓语动词、状语从句以及交际用语等。

2．近五年常考的考点有形容词、副词、介词、名词性从句、定语从句、动词短语及语序等。

3．通常选考的考点有名词、数词、虚拟语气、简单句、倒装句以及强调句等。

下面将对近五年必考、常考知识点所考查过的内容作一详细归纳总结，希望对考生有所帮助。

（一）近五年必考知识点常考内容：

冠词：不定冠词表示泛指：用于元音前（2002-26）；定冠词表示特指（2001-29）；零冠词的用法：用于不可数名词前（2003-26），复数名词前（2000-10）；固定搭配： （1999-8）。 代词：人称代词宾格的特殊用法：在无谓语成分中或单独使用时（2003-33）；不定代词的用法：that（1999-17），it、one、that 的比较（2002-35），either（2003-32，2001-25)，other与another（2000-16，2000-23)；疑问代词用于“疑问代词+不定式结构”中（2002-24）。 动词时态：过去时态（2003-27，2002-26）；现在完成时态（2002-29，2000-20，1999-16）；现在进行时态（2001-24）；一般现在时态（2001-30）；一般将来时（2000-13）；过去进行时（2000-25，1999-24）。

动词辨析：意义搭配（2003-25，leave their name and address；2001-23，get separated from）；根据语境（2002-28，take their belongings;2000-12，learn to share）；结构辨析（1999-12，expect sb to do）；语义辨析（1999-12，watch sb）。

情态动词：can表示可能性（2003-28；1999-15）；may表示可能性（2002-25）；should+have+ved表责备（2001-33）；might表可能性（200015）。 非谓语动词：ing分词（主语补足语，2003-23；状语，2001-35）；不定式（作表语，2002-32）；ed分词（宾语，2000-19；状语，2002-34；宾补，2000-22）。 状语从句：考查点集中在时间状语从句，目的状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，地点状语从句。

交际用语：表示劝告和建议（2003-35）；表示祝愿（2002-21）；提供帮助（2001-21）；征求意见（2000-6）；询问（2000-9）；表示喜悦（1999-6）。 （二）近五年发生变化的知识点

形容词：99年、00年和02年各考过一次，01和03年没考。考查点集中在形容词短语作后置定语（00年-8）；词义比较（99年-9）。

副词：00年考2题，03年考一题，考查点集中在词义比较，程度副词。

介词：00年、01年各考一题，均通过语境考搭配。

名词性从句：99年、01年、02年各考一题，主要考主语从句和宾语从句（2题）。 定语从句：除03年外，其余四年每年至少考一题，其中01年考2题，主要考查关系副词when，关系代词which。

动词词组：除00年外，其余四年均考一题。常考搭配break、hold、keep、turn、look、work、go、carry。

二、2004年高考题型预测

1．常用词或短语辨析题：考查对词义、用法搭配、感情色彩、语体色彩的辨析； 2．句子结构题：考查强调句型、it句型、倒装句型、省略句型等；

3．“语法+语境型”题：考查冠词主谓一致等；结构性试题，在题干中加入插入语成分，或故意打破句子的结构和平衡，或故意前置，增加迷惑性；

4．语境型题：题干附上一些文字信息，使之微型语境化，这些附加信息直接影响答案的选择。将基础语法知识融入特设的语境中，已成为高考单项填空题的一大鲜明特点； 5．习语搭配型：考查考生正确运用习语，区别相近习语混淆的能力以及动词及其前后正确的搭配；

6．逻辑型题：考查句子整体逻辑关系和上下文关系的分析；

7．交际型题：考查对西方文化和风俗习惯的了解与把握，以及对考纲中的41条交际用语的熟练运用；

8．综合型题：同时考查两个或两个以上的知识点。

三、2004年高考必考知识点预测 （一）冠词

冠词是每年高考的必考点，涉及冠词的基本用法，零冠词的用法和固定搭配。 预测：零冠词、抽象名词具体化以及固定搭配。 〔高考押题〕

1．Tom, Smith is waiting for you in front of the teaching building. A. a； the B. a； / C. /； a D. /； the

〔解析〕专有名词前一般不用冠词，但在前加不定冠词时，表示“名叫„„的人”；in front of 表示“在„„范围之外的前面”，而in the front of 表示“在„„范围之内的前面”，故答案为B。

2Of all the subjects, I like history the best because it gives us useful knowledge of things in the past.

A. the; aB. ×; aC. a；theD. a；×

〔解析〕history是不可数名词，前面一般不加冠词；knowledge也是不可数名词，但knowledge前加不定冠词，后跟of时构成a knowledge of结构, 表示“对„„精通、了解”。故答案为B。

3— Have you seen ______ Audi car I parked here?

— Is it black one? A young man has driven it away.

A. an; aB. the; theC. the; aD. an; the

〔解析〕第一空用定冠词表示特指，因为Audi car后跟了一个定语从句I parked here；而第二空则表示泛指，并含有“一辆”的含义。故答案为C。

4. When it comes to bringing up children, some people say discipline produces happy, wellbehaved child.

A. a; the B. /; a C. a; a D. /; the

〔解析〕discipline表示泛指，为不可数名词，前面不用冠词修饰，而child是可数名词，前面加不定冠词。故答案为B。 （二）代词

代词为每年必考考点，重点考查不定代词和替代词的用法。it的用法和人称代词宾格的用法也是常考点。

预测：不定代词other, another, some , any; it， one， that， no one， nothing， none的用法比较，人称代词，疑问代词。 〔高考押题〕

1. I prefer a street in a small town to in such a large city Beijing. A. that; as B. one; as C. one; like D. that; like

〔解析〕该题考查不定代词one 和that的区别。one指代的是与前面的名词“同名异物”的可数名词，而that指代的则是与前面的名词“同名异物”的不可数名词，第一空用one指代a street; 第二空应根据前面的such而选as。故答案为B。 2. — Could you drop in on me on Saturday or Sunday? — I’m afraid day is possible.

A. either B. both C. neither D. any

〔解析〕解答此题的关键是要注意前面是对Saturday 和 Sunday两天进行选择，这样就可以断定答案D不能选择，再结合下一句I’m afraid可以看出说话者是在委婉拒绝，故应选择否定意义的neither。故答案为C。

3. There is only an EnglishChinese dictionary in that bookshop. I wonder if you still want to buy .

A. it B. one C. another D. any

〔解析〕该题容易误选的答案为 one，one指代的是与前面的名词“同名异物”的可数名词，即该种物品中的一个；但本题的关键在于前面句子中的only一词，所以只能选择表示“同名同物”的it， 即就是指前面提到的an EnglishChinese dictionary。故答案为A。 4. The Smiths have three sons, one a baby, twins of thirteen。 A．another B．other C．the other D．the others

〔解析〕该题使用了省略句式，有相当大的迷惑性。one a baby = one son is a baby, the others twins of thirteen = the other sons are twins of thirteen, 所以答案为D。考生可能受“one... the other”结构的影响，误把the other 当作修饰twins的定语而误选C。注意辨析other, the other, another, others的区别：①指单数时，若是泛指，用another（若后接名词一定是单数名词），若是特指用the other；②指复数时，若是泛指，用other修饰复数名词，若是特指用the other修饰复数名词；③others不能用作定语，表示复数意义，其用法相当于“other+复数名词”，同样地the others 相当于“the other+复数名词”。故答案为D。 (三) 动词时态

动词的时态为每年必考考点，也是历年重点考查的项目，通常考2-3题。重点考查的是现在完成时态、过去时态和过去进行时态，且通常是以对话形式出现并将两种时态混合在一起进行比较。

预测：过去时态，过去进行时态，现在完成时态，一般现在时态，现在进行时态，一般将来时态等。

〔高考押题〕

1. Mother, where you put my cellphone after you used it? I it anywhere. A. have; haven’t found C. did; haven’t found

B. did; didn’t find D. have; didn’t find

〔解析〕信息词语after you used it暗示我们，“放手机”是过去的动作，应用一般过去时态；而“我没有找到手机”的动作，强调的是现在的结果状态，需用现在完成时态，故答案为C。

2. — Why are you so worried?

— I for my little son all the afternoon, I don’t know why he hasn’t come hack so late.

A. am waiting B. have waited

C. have been waiting D. waited

〔解析〕解答本题的关键在于区分现在完成时态和现在完成进行时态，现在完成时态着重强调动作对现在的影响，而现在完成进行时态则强调动作的延续性。本题中wait动作整个下午一直都在持续进行，并且在说话时也还没有结束。故答案为C。 3.— Why weren’t you at the meeting yesterday?

— I ______ for a longdistance call from my aunt in America then.

A. waited B. was waiting C. had been waiting D. had waited

〔解析〕解答此题的关键在于上下文提供的语境。上文at the meeting yesterday和下文then说明动作是在过去一个时间点上发生的，故用过去进行时态。故答案为B。 4. I didn’t like Aunt Lucy, who _______ without warning and bringing us presents. A. always turned up C. had always turned up

B. has always turned up D. was always turning up

〔解析〕此题考查过去进行时态表示感情色彩的用法。前面的语境I didn’t like Aunt Lucy则表明了说话者的态度，因此用过去进行时态表示一种厌恶情绪。故答案为D。 5. — What were you up to when your parents came in? — I ______ for a while and some reading. A. was playing; was going to doB. played; did C. had played; was going to do D. had played; did

〔解析〕play动作在came之前已完成，所以用过去完成时态，而do some reading的动作则即将开始。故答案为C。 （四）动词辨析

动词辨析是每年高考必考点，重点考查的是同义词的区别，动词搭配（包括动词与名词，动词与介词、副词搭配等）

预测：do, work, help, expect, hope, want, promise, permit, spend, waste, spare。 〔高考押题〕

1．The guard the old man to pass after he showed him the pass.

A. promised B. agreed C. let D. permitted

〔解析〕permit后跟不定式做宾语，即permit sb to do sth；agree 只能直接跟不定式，而不能接复合宾语，即不能说agree sb/sth to do sth；let 后跟不带to的不定式；promise后可跟复合宾语，即promise sb to do sth， 但不定式的逻辑主语应是句子的主语。故答案为D。 2．I really don’t want to go to the party, but I don’t see how I can _____ it.

A. get back from B. get out of C. get away D. get off 〔解析〕get off意为“下车，下班”；get back from 意为“从„„回来（返回）”；get out of和get away 均有“逃避”的意思，但get away from后才能跟宾语。句意为“我真是不想参加这场晚会，但不知如何避开它”。故答案为B。 3．I don’t think we should any more time to this experiment. A. waste

B. spare

C. spend

D. devote

〔解析〕waste /spend 用于waste /spend... (in) doing sth结构，意思是“在„„上浪费（花费）„„”；devote... to sth意思为“把„„奉献给”；spare意思为“匀出时间（金钱）”。故

答案为D。

4．To everybody’s surprise, the fashionable young lady to be a thief.

A. found out B. proved out C. put out D. turned out 〔解析〕find out表示“打听, 查明”；prove out搭配错误；put out表示“熄灭，扑灭”；turn out 表示“证明是，结果是”。故答案为D。 （五）情态动词

情态动词每年必考，重点考查情态动词的基本含义和用法；情态动词表推测的用法以及“情动+ have + ved”结构表示责备等。

预测：may/might, can/could表示可能；will/shall表示请求，许可；must/may/might表示推测；should/ought to + have + ved表示对过去的责备；could/might have + ved表示虚拟语气。

〔高考押题〕

1.— Summer Holiday is drawing near. Are you going home for the holiday? — I haven’t decided yet. I go home, but it depends on the weather.

A. must B. need C. may D. will

〔解析〕本题考查情态动词表示可能性的用法。must表示非常肯定的语气, need不用于肯定，will表示“意愿”，而may表示把握不大的一种可能性，后面常跟but分句。故答案为C。

2. This couple had been separated twenty years, you imagine how happy they were when they met again.

A. might B. will C. can D. must

〔解析〕can表示理论上的可能性，用以描述特有的情形或行为，如：It can be windy on the hill.山上的风就是那么大。might只表示事实上的可能性。故答案为C。 3. We ______ last night, but we went to the concert instead. A. must have studied B. might study

C. should have studied D. would study

〔解析〕本题考查情态动词表示责备的用法。should have +ved表示对过去所做（未做）的事情的责备，意思为“本应该„„”；而must have +ved表示对过去事情的肯定推测，意思为“肯定，一定”。根据题意知道说话者是在责备自己昨晚去听音乐会了而没有学习。故答案为C。

4. She listen to records, alone in her room for hours. We just won’t interrupt her, for we know this is her usual way to stay in peace.

A. might B. must C. will D. should

〔解析〕will表示目前的习惯，后面一句话“this is her usual way to stay in peace”给我们提供了较好的语境。其余的几个词无此用法。故答案为C。 5. — Well done, Tom!

— Thanks, but given me more time, I it much better. A. shouldn’t have done B. should have done

C. might not do D. could have done

〔解析〕could have done表示一种虚拟语气，意思是“本来可以”，该句话的意思是“如果再多给点时间的话，本来可以做的更好”。故答案为D。

（六）非谓语动词

非谓语动词每年必考，通常考1-3题，主要考查① ving、不定式作宾语的区别，②作宾补的区别，③作状语时的区别，④作定语时的区别，⑤非谓语动词的时态、语态、否定式和复合结构等。

预测：不定式作状语、定语、宾补；ing作状语、宾补、宾语；ved分词作状语、宾补。

〔高考押题〕

1. I’m sorry I can’t help the flowers, because I’m busy preparing for the singing competition tomorrow.

A. watering; to be held

B. water; being held

C. to water; held D. to water; to be held 〔解析〕can’t help后接ing形式表示“情不自禁干„„”，后接不定式表示“无助于干„„”；第二空后跟定语，根据后面的tomorrow应选择不定式表示将来的动作且用被动语态。故答案为D。

2To our surprise, the painting considered should have won the prize.

A. being copied B. having been copied C. to have copied D. to have been copied

〔解析〕分析句子结构可以知道considered后跟过去分词短语在句中充当定语，做此题时必须弄清consider的含义，本题中意为“认为”，因此将上述结构转化成定语从句为：which was considered to have been copied，故答案为D。

3Mark often attempts to escape whenever he breaks traffic regulations. A. having been fined B. to be fined

C. to have been fined D. being fined 〔解析〕escape后须接动词ing 形式，而句子的主语为fine的承受者，故用被动形式，attempt 和fine之间并无先后关系，因此不能使用完成时态。故答案为D。 4With a lot of difficult problems , the manager felt like a cat on hot bricks.

A. to settle B. settling C. settled D. being settled 〔解析〕：with+O+OC复合结构中的宾补可以由ing分词、ed分词和不定式充当。ing分词表示主动和现在的动作，ved 分词表示被动和已完成的动作，不定式表示将来的动作，a lot of difficult problems和settle之间存在被动关系，且settle动作是将要发生的动作，故用不定式形式，但在这一结构中要用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义，所以应为to

settle。故答案为A。

5The young man rushed out of the room, into his car and started it hurriedly, to get home as soon as possible.

A. got; hoped B. getting; and hoped

C. got; hoping D. getting; hoped

〔解析〕此题中and连接3个并列的谓语动词，即rushed, got, started，而后一空则用ing形式表示伴随状语。故答案为C。

（七）状语从句

状语从句为每年必考考点，重点考查时间、目的、条件、原因和地点，让步状语从句。 预测：时间状语从句，尤其是as, since, while, when, before, until, unless等连接词，where引导地点状语从句和定语从句的区分。

〔高考押题〕

1After the war, a new school building was put up there has once been a theatre. A. that B. where

C. what

D. who

〔解析〕此题选择where引导地点状语从句，不能将其看为定语从句，因为没有先行词。故答案为B。

2Is this the hotel you said we were to stay in your letter?

A. where B. which C. in that D. in which

〔解析〕做此题的关键是分清句子结构。the hotel是主语，is是系动词，故where引导表语从句；如果选which 或in which看作是定语从句，则没有先行词。故答案为A。 3You may do whatever you want ______ it is not against the law .

A. unless B. even if C. so long as D. as soon as 〔解析〕：解答此题的关键在于分清前后两个分句之间的逻辑关系。分析句子可知为条件从句，意为“只要不违反法律，想做什么都可以”。故答案为C。 4This is such a wonderful film _______ we have never seen.

A. that B. as C. which D. what

〔解析〕此题旨在考查考生对such结构的掌握。such... as结构中as引导定语从句，并在句中充当成分, such... that中的that引导状语从句，且不充当成分。解答此题的关键在于分析句子成分，句中see为及物动词，后面缺少宾语，故应选择as在句中充当宾语。故答案为B。

5A man escaped from the prison last night. It was a long time the guards discovered what had happened. A. before B. until C. since D. when

〔解析〕此题旨在考查句子结构。It is +时间段+before ...意思为“很久之后才„„”，It is +时间段+since ...意思为“自从„„以来”。根据句意应该选择before,意思是“过了很久卫兵才发现是怎么回事。”故答案为A。 (八)交际用语

交际用语为每年必考考点，每年均考一题。重点考查中西方文化表达的差异，约定俗成的表达方式。

预测：邀请，道歉，请求，建议，祝贺，感谢，谈论天气等约定俗成的表达方式。 〔高考押题〕

1. — I want to buy a pen, but I happen to carry no money with me .Could you lend me some?

— __________ .

A. That’s fine B. Nothing serious

C. Never mind D. No problem

〔解析〕这是表示同意与不同意的交际用语。同意给予帮助的应答语有：No problem. / Certainly. / Sure. / All right. / OK. / With pleasure. / Good idea 等。故答案为D。 2. — It is very kind of you to have taken me home in your car. — ________ . See you later. A. With pleasure B. You are welcome

C. Never mind D. The same to you 〔解析〕这是表示谢意的交际用语。对感谢的应答语有：You’re welcome. / Don’t mention it. / It is a (my) pleasure. / Not at all. / That’s all right. / I’m glad / happy... / It is kind of you to do.... 故答案为B。

3. — I had a really good weekend at my uncle. — ___________ .

A. Oh, that’s very nice of you B. Congratulations

C. It’s a pleasure D. Oh, I’m glad to hear that

〔解析〕这是表示喜悦的交际用语。表示喜悦的常用应答语有：I’m glad / pleased / happy to hear that./ That’s nice.等。故答案为D。

4.— What about going to the film with me this evening? I’ve got two tickets. — _____________ . A. Yes, by all means B. Yes, I think so .Thank you

C. All right, I must go D. OK. I‟d love to. Thank you 〔解析〕此题考查接受邀请和感谢的交际用语。其常用的应答语有：No problem. / Certainly. / Sure. / All right. / OK. / With pleasure. / Good idea. 等。故答案为D。 四、2004年高考可能会考的知识点预测

（一）形容词、副词

在近5年高考中常常交替考查形容词、副词，重点考查形容词作定语，词义比较等。 预测：形容词和副词有可能考一种，重点应该是在特定语境中词义的比较，比较等级及修饰语，易混副词的辨析。

〔高考押题〕

1It was impossible for him to finish the work alone by five o’clock in the morning. A. very B. quite C. too D. much

〔解析〕无等级差别的形容词如different, impossible应该用quite修饰。故答案为B。 2Of the two toys, the child chose ______.

A. the less expensive one B. the one most expensive C. the least expensive D. the most expensive of them

〔解析〕根据前面的two toys判断，是对两者的比较，故用比较级。故答案为A。

3It takes a long time to go there by train, it’s by road.

A. quick B. the quickest C. much quick D. quicker

〔解析〕这是一道考查隐含比较级的试题，实际上是对by train 和by road的比较，故用比较级。故答案为D。

4— What do you think of the film we saw last night? — I feel that the film is well worth seeing once again. A. strong B. strongly C. hardly D. had

〔解析〕that 引导一个宾语从句，由此可以断定feel在此不是一个连系动词，而是一个实义动词。I feel strongly that... “我坚信„„”。故答案为B。 5— I always look out when crossing the street. — You’re right. You cannot be too_______.

A. nervous B. careful C. hurried D. careless 〔解析〕cannot ...too + adj/adv表示“无论怎样也不过分”，属于固定结构。此句意思为“你越仔细越好”。故答案为B。 （二）定语从句

定语从句是高考的常考点，在NEMT中从未间隔过两年以上不考这一语法点的。主要

考查引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的选择。非限制性定语从句，由whose, where, when, that, as和“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句为高考热点。

预测：when引导的定语从句；where引导的定语从句和地点状语从句、表语从句的区别； which引导定语从句时做宾语、介词+which、非限制性定语从句（先行词为前面整个主句时）；as用于such... as, the same ...as结构中, 以及在引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别；what引导定语从句的用法。 〔高考押题〕

1. He made another wonderful discovery， of great importance to science． A．which I think is B．which I think it is C．which I think it D．I think which is

〔解析〕此题中which 用来引导定语从句，充当I think后面从句中的主语，is是后面从句中的谓语动词，故不能选B，因为it是多余的。故答案为A。

2. I’ll never forget the days I lived in the factory with the workers, is a great help to my article.

A. that； which B. when； which

C. which； that D. when； who

〔解析〕第一空后面的分句中的谓语动词是不及物动词live，其后不需要宾语，只需要做状语的关系副词，故第一空为when；而第二个句子是对前面整个句子进行说明，因此用which。故答案为B。

3.After living in Washington for 30 years he returned to the small town he grew up as a child.

A. which B. that C. where D. on which

〔解析〕此句中谓语动词grew up为不及物动词，而先行词为表示地点的the small town，因此应选关系副词where。故答案为C。

4. is known to the world, Taiwan is part of China since the ancient times.

A. It B. Which C. What D. As

〔解析〕此题旨在考查which 和as引导定语从句的区别。as引导定语从句时可放在主句首，也可放在主句后，并表示“就这一点，正如”含义，而which 引导定语从句时不能放在主句前。故答案为D。

（三）动词短语

动词短语是每年高考常考考点。主要考查内容为：①put, take, bring, turn, give, make, call, look, get +介词/副词；②v +out/up/down/off/on等。

预测：put / turn/ look/get/ take /come/ keep / give 等和介词、副词的搭配；动词和out/up/down/off/on等的搭配。 〔高考押题〕

1．— Why ask us to take the earliest bus? — Because that bus the 8∶40 am train at Guangzhou.

A．connects with B．joins to

C．unites with

D．joins up

〔解析〕connect with 指（火车、飞机等）安排好到达时间以便使中转的旅客换乘另一

火车、飞机等”，join to“把„„相连”，unite with“统一，团结”，join up“与（某人/物）会合”。故答案为A。

2．The driver began to speed up to for the hour he’d lost in the traffic jam. A．keep up B．take up C．catch up D．make up 〔解析〕keep up“维持，保持”，take up“占时间/空间”，catch up“赶上”，make up“弥补”。故答案为D。 3．Sunglasses are sometimes worn by some young people in summer to the eyes from strong sunlight.

A. prevent B. care C. defend D. protect

〔解析〕protect...from意为“保护„„不受伤害”；prevent...from意为“阻止„„发生”。故答案为D。

4．The news was a terrible blow to her, but she will the shock soon. A．get out B．get over C．get off D．get through

〔解析〕get out“泄露”，get over sth“恢复常态”，get off sth“下班；不再讨论（某事）”，get through“用完，消耗掉”。故答案为B。

五、天星教育五星级押题

1. Some pictures of the river brought the days back to the day they swam in it.

A. whenB. thatC. whoD. where

2. The performance supposed to be popular to be a great disappointment after it was over. A. turned up B. turned down C. turned out D. turned over 3. — Have you finished your composition already? — Yes. I ______ it in twenty minutes. A. have finished B. finished C．will finish D. had finished 4. Which do you enjoy ______ your holiday, going abroad or staying at home? A. spending B. to spend C. being spent D. spend

5. ______ private cars are bringing us convenience, they also cause more traffic accidents and pollution. A. While

B．As C．If D．Since

6. — You‟d better keep quiet in class.

— Sometimes I . Yesterday, I was as quiet as a mouse during my English class.

A. would B. do C. did D. was

7. It is said that the famous football star is now willing to play for would pay him three million dollars a year.

A. anyone B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever

8.— I‟m afraid I can‟t finish the book within this week. — .

A．Please go ahead B．That’s right C．Not at all D．Take your time

9. It‟s so surprising to hear from my school teacher again. , we last met more than twenty years

ago. A．That’s to say B．What’s more C．Believe it or not D．In other words

10 Can you think of some cases drivers obviously knew the traffic rules but didn’t obey them? A．why B．where

C．as

D．which

11. As unemployment is very high nowadays, it‟s very difficult for people to find work. A．the; 不填 B．the ; a

C．不填； 不填 D．an; the

12. The more one is the Englishspeaking environment, the better he or she will learn the language. A．exposed to B．filled in C．caught on D．kept up

13. The two presidents agree with each other on the whole, but much remains at the following meeting. A．discussing

B．discussed

C．to discuss

D．to be discussed

14. After for the job, you will be required to take a language test. A．being interviewed B．interviewed C．interviewing D．having interviewed 15. — Each of the students, working hard at their lessons, the book.

— So have I.

A．is reading B．has read C．reading

D．reads

16. As teachers, we feel our duty to teach our children to be good wherever we are. A. this B. that C. it D. there is

17. You can’t guess ______ when he was admitted by Beijing University． A．how he was happy B．how happy was he C．how happy he was D．he was how happy

18. I‟m examining the composition he has just finished the possible mistakes in it. A. correcting B. to correct C. corrected D. correct

19. Mrs Brown was much disappointed to see the mobile phone she had had last week went wrong again.

A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired

20. Mr Wang an article on how to improve spoken English last month, but I don‟t know whether he has finished it.

A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing

21. fashions differ from country to country may reflect the culture difference from one aspect． A．What B．That C．This D．Which

22. The country life he was used to greatly since the opening policy. A. changed B. has changed

C. changing D. having changed

23 He on this paper for ten minutes but he only about sixty words. A. will have worked, has written B. worked, has written

C. has been working, has written D. will be working, works

24 Beijing was attacked by such a terrible sandstorm few citizens had ever experienced before．

A．and it was B．as C．that D．which

25Robert is said abroad, but I do not know what country he studied in. A. to have studied B. to study

C. to be studying D. to have been studying

26. When he was a boy, he used to go there and watched _______. A. repairing bicycles B. to repair bicycles

C. bicycles being repaired D. bicycles to be repaired 27.— Beijing or Shanghai? What did you mean? — We were talking about _______ go to college. A. how to B. where to C. whether to D. when to

28.The shop doesn‟t open until 11 am, _______ it loses a lot of business. A. for B. or C. but D. so

29.He looked around and caught a man _______ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting 30.He left home early only he was late as he went a wrong way.

A. found B. to find C. finding D. being found

31.Every device in the plane must be designed and made with great care so as to make sure that nothing goes wrong in operation.

A. fitted B. to be fitted C. fitting D. being fitted

32.He appears a long time. He is impatient for my arrival. A. to wait B. to be waiting C. to have waited D. to have been waiting

33.Nobody could it when the bull broke into the shop and attacked two customers with its horns. The others just hurried away from it.

A. make B. help C. aid D. assist

34. all the possibilities, I really believe that I‟d prefer to make any change now. A. Considering B. Considered C. To consider D. Consider

35.The news about the terrible flood there greatly discouraged these for a sightseeing. A. us from going B. us to go C. our going D. our to go 36.Let us not waste ______ time we have left.

A. the little B. little C. a little D. a little more

37. — If you don‟t like the white shirt, take the light yellow one.

— OK, but do you have ______ size in light yellow? This one is a bit tight for me.

A. a big B. a bigger C. the bigger D. the big 38.As we have planned, we’ll go to Beijing to attend her sister’s wedding party. We’ll also visit our mother school _______ we go there. A. unless B. when C. once D. even if

39.Mr Green drove slowly on the way home until he reached the high way, the speed limit was 60 miles per hour.

A. because B. which C. where D. that 40.It will be quite a long time she is back again, so don‟t be too cross with her.

A. that B. since C. before D. until

41.It‟s said that there are plenty of hotels in that town. There be any difficulty for you to find somewhere to stay.

A. wouldn‟t B. mustn‟t C. shouldn‟t D. needn‟t

42.John has put on so much weight recently that his mother has to all his trousers to his measure. A. let out

B. give away C. bring in

D. make up

43.After five hours‟ drive, they reached they thought was the place they‟d been dreaming of. A. that B. where C. which D. what

44.On Sundays when I was a child, Father and I ____ get up early and go fishing. A. could B. would

C might D. should

45.The mother often tells her son to be a good boy, warning him to trouble. A. hold back from B. keep out of C. break away from D. get rid of 〔题型分析和解答〕

1. A此题考查定语从句中关系词的选择。从句中先行词为the days，且从句中缺时间状语，故选when。此题易误选D项where，where在从句中充当地点状语，但本句从句中已有地点状语in it (the river)， 故选where成分重复；而that在从句中不能充当状语，故也不能选B。 2. C此题考查动词短语的用法。turn up“（音量）开大；出现”，turn down“（音量）开小”，turn out“结果是，原来是”，turn over“使某人（物）翻身或翻转”。此句意思是“原本认为受欢迎的表演，演出结束后，结果却让人很是失望”。

3 B此题考查时态的用法。此题易误选答案C，若选C，则说明作文还未写完，这与前面的回答Yes 矛盾；如果选A，则强调的是动作的影响；而D为过去完成时态，必须相对于过去时态而言，但句中并没有使用过去时态。一般来说，用现在完成时态提问，而用一般过去时态回答。故只能选答案B。

4 B此题旨在考查句子结构。此题易误选A，这是定势思维的惯性所致，没有结合具体的语境进行分析。本题中which为enjoy的宾语，选to spend作目的状语。

5 A此题用意是考查连词的用法。两分句之间存在转折关系，而此处while 相当于although，意为“虽然”。

6 B此题考查谓语替代词do 的用法。此处do指代keep quiet in class，根据前面的sometimes 可知，指的是经常性的行为，用do而不用did。

7 D此题考查no matter who和whoever 的区别。前者只能引导让步状语从句，而whoever 除了引导让步状语从句外，还可引导名词性从句和定语从句。在此句中whoever既充当前句的宾语又充当后句的主语，相当于anyone who，而B不能作后句的主语，A须在其后加who才可以。

8 D此题考查交际用语。take your time“别着急，慢慢来”。

9 C此题考查习语的用法。believe it or not 属于固定结构“信不信由你”。

10B此题考查定语从句。理解case的含义是“关键”，case在此表示“情形，境况”,故选where 充当定语从句的状语，而which在从句中不能充当状语，故不能选which。

11C此题考查冠词的用法。unemployment 和work都为不可数名词，前面均不用冠词。 12A此题考查词义辨析。be exposed to“使某物/人暴露于„„，使处于某种状态”，be filled in“使填充，补充”，be caught on “钩住，卡住”，keep up “维持，保持”。 13D此题考查非谓语动词的用法。remain为系动词，相当于be动词，该句主语much和discuss 之间存在被动关系，且从后面的at the following meeting 知道该动作是将要发生的，故选D，而不选B。

14Aafter既可作介词又可作连词，但一旦用于省略结构，则只能作介词使用，所以其后要跟ing 分词形式，再结合句子的主语来考虑，必须选用被动形式，故用being interviewed。 15B此题将主谓一致和时态结合在一起进行考查。上一句的主语为each of the students 是单数，再结合下文的回答so have I，由此，可知上句应该用完成时态。 16C此题考查it 用法。it在句中作形式宾语，其真正宾语为teach our children to be good。 17C此题考查句子语序。所有从句的语序都是陈述语序，此句中how是用来修饰happy的，故happy必须置于how之后。

18B此题考查动词不定式作目的状语的用法。he has just finished为定语从句，不定式做目的状语表示examining the composition的目的，故答案选B；此题易误选A，是受习惯思维finish 后接ing 形式的影响。

19C此题考查考生对句子结构的分析理解。此题句型为have sth done, she had had repaired为定语从句，修饰the mobile phone。选项B迷惑性极大，若选B，则it为多余成分。 20D此题旨在考查一般过去时态和过去进行时态的区别。一般过去时态表示动作已完成，而过去进行时态则表示动作并未完成，但后面分句指出“但我不知他现在是否写完”，因此答案为D。 此题容易受last month的干扰而误选B项。

21Bwhat在引导的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句中充当句子成分，而that在引导的上述从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。that引导的主语从句常可用it充当形式主语。例如：It is wellknown that Taiwan is part of China．（众所周知，台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。） 22B此题考查考生对句子结构的分析理解能力。此题中he was used to为定语从句，对the country life进行修饰，所要选的内容应为句子的谓语动词，故排除C、D，而since通常用于现在完成时态。故选答案为B。

23C此题考查现在完成进行时态的区别。前者强调动作的延缓性，后者强调动作的完成性。本题前一句表示在这十分钟内写论文的动作一直在进行，后一句表示动作的完成性，“仅仅只写了60个字”。故选C。 24．B此题考查定语从句关系词的选择。由于前面有such，故选as引导的定语从句，先行词是sandstorm。试比较下面的结果状语从句：Beijing was attacked by such a terrible sandstorm that few citizens had ever experienced it before．

25A此题考查非谓语动词的用法。is said to do 结构中的不定式形式有三种，即：to do, to be doing，to have done, 并有相应的被动语态。做此题的关键是but从句中动词的时态，句中studied为过去时态，意味着他过去在国外学习，故用不定式的完成式，而选B则表示study动作是将要发生的，选C则表示动作是正在进行。

26C此题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语的用法。 watch+O+OC，其宾补可用不带to的不定式、ving分词、ved 分词充当。非谓语动词的选择依据其与宾语之间的逻辑关系，bicycles 与 repair之间是被动关系，故排除答案A、B，而watch后跟复合宾语时，不可使用不定式作宾补，所以排除D。故答案为C。

27B此题考查“疑问词+不定式”的用法。疑问词的选择取决于句子的内容，上文中提及Beijing or Shanghai，是对两个地点进行选择，因此下文只能是用where。

28.D此题考查连词的用法。前句“商店开门迟”应该是后句“生意损失”的原因，前后为因果关系。

29.D此题考查非谓语动词的用法。catch sb doing sth表示“碰巧撞见某人正在做某事”，符合此句的语境。

30B此题考查不定式和ving 分词作结果状语时的区别。ving分词表示“意料之中”的结果，而不定式表示“意料之外”的结果。该句中他发现迟到了是在意料之外的事。故选

B。

31B此题考查非谓语动词作定语时的区别。

本题中fit动作是将要发生的动作，因为这些装置还未设计出来，fit动作肯定没发生，另外fit与device（装置）之间存在被动关系，故选答案B。

32D此题考查非谓语动词的时态。该句中wait动作从过去到现在一直都在延续，并没有停止，故选D。

33B此题考查习语的用法。can / could (not) help it“（不）能防止或避免某事情发生”，此处相当于can/could (not) prevent or avoid sth， 又如：Can I help it if people don’t read the instructions? （人家不看使用说明书，我又有什么办法呢？）

34A此题考查ving 分词的特殊形式。此题中considering为独立成分，做此题时无须考虑其和句子主语之间的逻辑关系，类似的独立成分还有generally speaking, judging from /by等。

35.A此题考查动词搭配。discourage与encourage互为反义词。英语中说“鼓励某人做某事”时使用encourage sb to do sth , 但如果要表示“使某人没勇气做某事”时，不能想当然的以此类推：discourage sb to do sth , 这是不符合英语习惯的错误表达方式，其正确形式是：discourage sb from doing sth。

36.A此题考查冠词的用法。一般地说，不定代词many , little或few前是不使用定冠词的，但是如果它们修饰的名词有特指或限定意义时，它们前面就应使用定冠词了。如：I soon finished the few books she had lent me. 37B此题考查形容词比较级的用法。比较级前加不定冠词表示泛指，加定冠词表示特指，此题指“较大一点的浅黄色衬衣中的一件”，故用a bigger。 38B此题考查连词的用法。连词的选择取决于两个分句之间的逻辑关系，本题前面已经说明去北京参加婚礼是已经计划好了的，故应选择表示时间的连词，答案为B。 39C此题考查定语从句的用法。先行词为the high way，故选where。

40C此题考查连词的用法。It is + 时段 + since / before / that...，用that则构成强调结构，since表示“自从„„以来”，before“在„„之前”，此句意思是“很久之后才回来，所以别对她发火”。 41C此题考查情态动词表推测的用法。should表示按常理推测, must 表推测时只用于肯定句，其余两个都不能表示推测。

42A此题考查动词短语的辨析。let out “放宽，放大（衣服）”，give away“赠送，赠与”，bring in“引进，获得收入”，make up“构成，组成”。

43D此题考查定语从句的用法，what在此相当于the place which, 选which 的话前面没有先行词，而where 在从句中不用作主语。

44B此题考查情态动词的用法。would意为过去“反复，经常”，could表示推断，能力，might表示可能性，should表示按常理推测。 45B此题考查动词短语辨析。keep out of “使避开某事物”，hold back from“退缩，踌躇”， break away from“脱离，挣脱（束缚）”， get rid of“摆脱，除掉”。

第一节 高考完形填空题的基本特点

完形填空是介于单项填空与阅读理解之间的一种题型。近几年高考完形填空题保持稳定态势。重点考查考生对文章整体和连贯的理解能力，突出逻辑发展，重视上下文一致和对具体细节的语境理解。体裁多为记叙文体和夹叙夹议并以记叙为主的议论文体，间或也考查说明文体。词汇考查面越来越宽，生词出现率越来越高，以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出语境化选择。2001年完形填空题，考查动词5个，形容词5个，副词5个，名词4个，连词1个。2002年的完形填空题，考查动词6个，形容词2个，副词3个，名词5个。2003年完形填

空题，从文章中去掉的词均为实词，其中有8个动词、2个副词、5个形容词、3个名词和2个起连接作用的短语。题目难度保持稳定，是继短文改错后的第二大难题。以2003年NMET完形填空为例。2003年的完形填空题是一篇夹叙夹议的记叙文。全文结构严谨，层次分明。作者通过描述Ed比赛前、比赛中和比赛后的情况，向读者呈现了一个奋发向上的形象，具有较强的教育意义。文章首句完整，选项突出语境，有10个小题需要考生逾越句子层次理解和推断。对该段短文的理解和对试题的完成情况能充分反映出考生综合运用英语的能力，体现了较好的信度和效度。试题难度也与往年基本相同，难度系数为0.45。

第二节 必考知识点的变异、解读和预测

高考完形填空题的设计十分巧妙。它既有对语法规则、表达法、词语搭配的考查，又有对语篇内容的理解、逻辑的把握、词与情景之间关系的考查。主要考查点有： 一、固定搭配

英语中的固定搭配种类繁多，包括各种固定短语、习惯用法等。如：

“But they are damage to our houses and shops of historical interests.” Said John Norris, one of the protesters.(NMET’99第30题)

A. doing B. raising C. putting D. producing 〔解析〕 固定搭配do damage to意为“损害，破坏”。应选A。

二、词语辨析

利用相似词语，即选项中所给的四个词词性和意义相同或相近来设置选项。如果脱离语境或只看句子的一部分，此类题可能会有两个或两个以上的正确答案，但按语境分析，则只有一个正确答案。这类题主要考查考生的词汇及运用能力，而且近年来占很大的比重。如： Finally I turned the key in the lock and ___ the door open, with... (NMET’2000第40题) A. knocked B. forced C. pushed D. tried

〔解析〕既然是turn the key，那么用push the door open才合理。应选C。 三、语法知识

这些语法知识可能包括从句引导词、主谓一致、名词或代词的数或格、非谓语动词的用法、平行结构、倒装结构、强调句型、情态动词、虚拟语气、动词的基本时态及搭配等。但从近年的试题来看，单纯考查语法知识的题很少。例如：

When Ed first phoned and ___ we play, I laughed quietly, figuring on an easy victory.（NMET’03第37题）

A. declared B. mentioned C. persuaded D. suggested 〔解析〕从we play可知本题考查的是虚拟语气的用法。应选D。 四、前后语境

主要考查考生结合全文结构和中心思想，根据常识或上下文提供的信息进行理解、分析以及推理的能力。这种题型在高考完形填空中比例最大。通常以后制性设空为主。所谓后制性设空，是指设空的答案由未读过的下文决定。如果设空的答案由已读过的上文决定，则为前制性设空。需要综合上下文而定的答案，则为语篇性设空。完形填空的设空答案有的由一个句子决定，有的由相邻不远的句子决定，还有的则由语篇内容综合决定。因此语境型设空也可分为：（1）句子层次；（2）句组层次；（3）语篇层次。设空的难度，从句子层次到句组层次，再到语篇层次，依次递增。如2002年完形填空题，句子层次设空为5个，句组层次设空为6个，语篇层次设空为9个，语篇层次设空的比例超过了三分之一。又如，2003年NMET完形填空题有10个小题需要考生逾越句子层次理解和推断。这种设题方式体现了“突出语篇”的命题思路。如：

It was one of the most ___ and tiring games I’ve ever had. (NMET’03第36题) A. encouraging

B. hopeless

C. surprising

D. regular

〔解析〕此题并非考查四个词的区别，而是考查对全文的理解。此空为后制性设空，通过文中结尾的叙述可推断C项为正确答案。 五、行文逻辑

有时，选项中的四个词为表示上下文逻辑关系的转换词语，它涉及文章的起承转合、上下连贯。这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系、对比关系等，并考查考生对转换词语的运用能力。如： My cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape. ___, at the point in our game when I‟d predicted the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor... (NMET’03 第48题) A．After all

B. As a result

C. Above all

D. At last

〔解析〕此处有出人意料之意，且表示结果，故B项符合行文逻辑。 高考完形填空题稳中求变，近年也出现了一些新的变化。 (一)词义辨析比重加大

高考加强实词和上下文语境的考查，势必增加对同义词、近义词辨析的考查。如2003年有5个小题涉及到词义辨析。

（二）短文用语更加真实

高考完形填空题所用语言更加接近英美人的实际交际用语。日常生活中使用的非正式的、口语化的用语正在增多，不合语法规范的语言现象也偶尔出现。如2002年NMET完形填空短文中就出现了这样的句子“you fool”，还出现了一些口语化的语言 “Because you are so goddamned educated”, 其中goddamned 为非正式的口头语，用来增强语气，意为“很、很大”。

（三）副词考查相对集中

经研究表明：even, ever, still, just, almost, already等副词似乎备受高考命题者的青睐。近五年以来，其大部分年份均对此点作过考查。这里我们把近年来考查这些词的选项列出来，供考生研究，同时也希望考生能对这几个词的用法和含义作一个比较全面的研究，以便全面掌握。

1996年：A. even 1998年：A. yet 2000年：A. yet 2001年：A. even 2002年：A. Then

B. still B. even B. only B. hardly B. Thus

C. always C. never C. even

D. almost D. just D. still D. probably D. Yet

C. certainly C. Therefore

（四）排比结构多次重现

高考完形填空短文中常常会出现一些排比结构和平行结构，掌握这些结构极为相似的句子可大大提高我们的解题效果。请看下面两例。

When she wants to be picked up, Washoe points up with one finger. She rubs her teeth with her finger when she wants to brush her teeth.（NMET’95）

Should the wallet, found in the street, be put into a pocket or turned over to the policeman? Should the extra change received at the store be forgotten or returned?（NMET’96） （五）答案分布趋于均等

请看历届高考完形填空题的答案分布情况： 1999年（共25空）A（7） 2000年（共20空）A（5） 2001年（共20空）A（4）

B（6） C（6） D（6） B（4） C（5） D（6） B（6） C（5） D（5）

2002年（共20空）A（6） B（4） C（5） D（5）

2003年（共20空）A（5） B（5） C（5） D（5）

所以对于没有把握的题目，考生若是要猜的话，最好去猜那些已选答案较少的选项，这样得分的可能性要大些。

根据以上分析，我们可以科学地预测2004年高考完形填空题对知识点的考查会保持以往的态势。但难度会有所增加，将加强对“预阅”能力的考查，即要求从前后句和前后段的综合理解、推断中做出选择。以夹叙夹议的记叙文为主流题材；动词、名词、形容词和副词将构成绝大部分选项；突出语境选择，注重前后暗示。语境选择、词语辨析、固定搭配为主要的考查点，同时会适当涉及到对行文逻辑和语法规则的考查。 第三节 完形填空题实用破题技巧

高考完形填空题命制的心理学依据是“格式塔心理学”，意为组织结构或整体。该心理学派认为：人的心理现象最基本的特征是在意识经验中所显现的事物的结构性或整体性。所以，在解答完形填空题时，必须首先通读全文，把握语篇的轮廓和话题；在把握语篇的解题线索的基础上，再综合运用自己的语言知识、词汇知识、语法知识以及文化背景等知识，利用分析、判断、推理等手段，进而有效地解题。据此，我们介绍下面一些解题技巧。 一、利用首句信息解题

首句是一个完整的句子，它提供的信息是把握全文主旨的关键，可以帮助我们判断全文大意甚至全文主题。

【例】The measure of a man’s real character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out. ——Thomas Macaulay (NMET’96)

〔解析〕这是短文开头的一个引证。它用名人语录揭示主题。本句的意思是：衡量人真正本质的标准是当他知道无人能知晓时，他的所作所为如何。实际上，这是下面完形填空全文的论点。下文紧接着用了4段篇幅，以自己一次考试中的作弊为例，讲述往事，结尾进行了评价——自觉性对于一个人的意义。如果能顺利地看懂开头所引语录，则能较快地领悟全文的主旨。

二、利用语法分析解题

在完形填空中，也有部分考查语法项目的题目。对于这类题，考生可以利用所学的语法结构、句式特点来解题。如：

【例】 51 do you suppose he asked for them?(NMET’02)

51. A. What B. How C. Who D. Which

〔解析〕 本题中，do you suppose为插入成分。“he asked for them” 是一个相对独立和完整的句子，因此空格处应该用副词How来修饰谓语动词asked，而不能用代词 What, Who或 Which。

三、利用惯用法和词语辨析知识解题

完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语”，不能随意改动。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨析能力，特别是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力。

【例】These days, only a few people continue to take the story of the Abominable Snowman 52 . But if they ever succeed in catching one, they may face a real problem: Would they put it in a zoo or give it a room in a hotel?(NMET’01)

52. A. lightly B. jokingly C. seriously D. properly

〔解析〕这一段是对全文作出的一个小结，说明雪人的传说流传至今，人们对其所持的态度。句中的“only a few people...”表明时至今日，仍“信其有”的人已经很少了。与之对

应，应该用短语动词 take sth/sb seriously，表示“只有很少人把这传说当真”。

四、利用语篇标志解题

语篇一般指比句子长的语言单位，如句群、段落、篇章等。语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语，这些词语被称为“语篇标志”。如表示结构层次的语篇标志语有：firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally等；表示逻辑关系的语篇标志语有thus, therefore, so等；表示改变话题的语篇标志语有by the way等；表示递进关系的语篇标志语有besides, what’s more, further等；表示时间关系的语篇标志语有before, so far, yet, meanwhile, later等等。在做完形填空时，如果能充分利用这些语篇标志语，就可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文的关系。 【例】If the 24hour cycle is disturbed most people experience unpleasant feelings. For example, people who are not used to working at night can find that lack of sleep causes them to perform badly at work. 1the daily cycle of sleeping and waking, we also have other cycles which last longer than one day.

1. A. With B. As well as C. Except D. Rather than 〔解析〕 上一段讲的是一天的睡眠和工作的周期，下一段讲比一天持续时间更长的其他周期。文中的also 和other是语篇标志语。我们必须用连词 as well as（和，又）连接两个同类事物。

五、利用文化背景和生活常识解题

完形填空命题的基本形式是独立的语篇，它以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息，但其中有时渗透着相关的如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。高中生已经掌握了丰富的文化背景知识和生活常识，具备了一定的判断能力。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西方文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺利地沿作者的思路阅读下去。

【例】Most believe the footprints are nothing more than ordinary animal tracks, which had been made 47 as they melted (融化) and refroze in the snow.(NMET’01)

47. A. strange B. large C. deep D. rough

〔解析〕根据常识判断，当这类footprints melted and refroze in the snow 时，它们的确有可能会变得strange, large, deep或 rough(=not smooth) 。但在诸多特征里面，最能引起人们联想到雪人与一般动物的脚印不同之处是其“大”，而非其他。另外还有这样一个常识：雪上较深的印痕经过融化和再次冻结后，会变得更大一些。故选B。 六、利用逻辑判断解题

【例】...and they said that they had even caught Yetis on two occasions though none has been produced as evidence（证据）...But, 50 , no evidence has ever actually been produced.(NMET’01)

50. A. so B. besides C. again D. instead 〔解析〕 用连词 “But”，表示前文那位Russian scientist虽有说法，但无证据。由evidence可以追寻到第二段的末尾“none has been produced as evidence”，可以判断是“再次否定”，该用副词again。文章需要把前后所讲到的事物联系起来，因而必然用到各类篇章粘合手段，关联词的使用就是其一。 七、利用暗示和对应解题

高考完形填空题，虽然也穿插了对语法、短语和词的辨析、句子结构的考查等，但对文章故事情节发展线索的逻辑考查仍是重点。暗示与上下对应的思维方法，是突破此类完形填空最关键的思维方式。

【例】 Mr Adamson enjoys playing the violin in his spare time. He is often carried away by his own 1 . But it is a 2 time for his neighbors when Mr Adamson plays as he does so

badly.

One day Mr Adamson sat by a 3 and began to play the violin as usual. Mr Adamson seemed to be making 4 instead of music. But he was so 5 that he almost forgot what he was doing. Just then, some stones were thrown out of the window under which Mr Adamson was sitting... 1. A. violin B. music C. neighbors D. hands 2. A. terrible 3. A. house

B. useless B. door

C. wonderful C. window

D. long D. wall

4. A. sound B. something C. noises D. voices 5. A. angry B. excited C. comfortable D. disappeared

〔解析〕 先不要急于下手，应通过上下文找出相关的暗示。如原文中的划线部分均是有用的暗示。as he does so badly暗示他的音乐令邻居很痛苦，故第2空应选A；carried away by his own...暗示他总是自我陶醉，故第5空答案为B；instead of music 表明他弹出的不是音乐，而是noises，因为它使邻居terrible，故推出1、4两空的答案分别为B、C。而the window暗示了第3空的答案为C。

八、利用排除法解题

解答完形填空题需要考生进行认真的阅读、理解、推理和判断，需要对四个选项进行仔细的辨别、分析，从而去伪存真。有时我们会遇到这样的情况，对某个题目的正确选项的含义、用法不甚明白， 但发现其他选项有显而易见的谬误。这时，我们可以尝试着用排除法。所谓排除法就是将干扰项逐项检查、验证，发现错误的选项立即剔除。随着选择范围的缩小，选中正确选项的机率逐渐增大。排除法如果运用得好，可以大大节省时间和精力。

【例】Should the wallet, found in the street, be put into a pocket, or turned over to the policeman? Should the 47 change received at the store be forgotten or returned? Nobody will know except you. But you have to live with yourself, and it is always better to live with someone you respect.(NMET‟96)

47. A. extra B. small C. some D. necessary

〔解析〕本题主要考查形容词的辨义。这篇短文中作者列举几个事例来说明我们每天都会做personal decisions。本空缺就是一例：在商店购物时多找的change（即extra change）应当如何处理？如果对extra的用法和意义掌握不好，可用排除法选出正确答案。其中选项C、D与命题明显不符，所以容易排除。选项B干扰性极强，考生需认真考虑。small change意思是“零钱”，买东西找回零钱，为什么要忘记forgotten 或归还returned呢？明显逻辑不通，所以此处用small意思不妥，我们可以把B项排除。那么剩下的选项A自然就是本题的正确答案。故答案为A。

九、利用排比结构解题 “排比结构”指的是结构相同或相似，意思密切关联，语法一致的句子或词组成串排列的语言现象。排比结构的形式整齐匀称，内容联系紧密。试题命制者常从排比结构的句式相同或相似这一角度，利用其表现意义的关联或对比这一特点来设空。

【例】 Many people now think that teachers give pupils too much homework. They say that it is 51 for children to work at home in their free time. 52 , they argue that most teachers do not 53 plan the homework tasks they give to pupils. (’03春上海试题) 51. A. unnecessary 52. A. Nevertheless

B. uninteresting B. However

C. unfortunate C. Therefore

D. unimportant D. Moreover

53. A. considerably B. favorably C. properly D. pleasantly

〔解析〕该排比结构由Many people think that...They say that...they argue that...所组成。在意义上表现了人们（学生家长）对学生课业负担过重的抱怨。该结构中所设置的三个空格的

正确填入，要求考生首先把握结构所体现的“主题” —— 抱怨作业太多。其次，要求考生理解三句之间在表达意义上的递进关系。即：作业过多“too much homework”；所以，课余学生在家做作业是没必要的“unnecessary”；不仅如此，教师对作业的设计也不合适“not properly”。故答案分别为A，D，C。 十、利用词汇复现解题

完形填空试题中，某一词常常以原词、同义词或近义词、概括词以及其它形式重复出现在语篇之中。词汇复现的语用意义使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯，从而构成一个完整和有机的意义整体。如：

【例】And the clerk confirmed that his plane was leaving at nine o’clock three days from that day...

Since he was 44 in three days, Andy didn’t lose anytime. (’03全国春季题)

44. A. moving B. returning C. staying D. leaving

〔解析〕我们可以很容易地找到设空部分的解题线索 —— 上文的复现词汇leaving。故答案为D。

十一、利用对比结构解题

对比结构常把两种对立的事物或同一事物的两个不同方面并列出来加以比较或对比。高考完形填空题常常利用句子之间的对比关系或者同一个句子的不同部分之间的对比关系设计题目。如：

【例】A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and 59 room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on. (’03春季上海试题)

59. A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable 〔解析〕 该题利用相似短语之间的对比关系来命题。设空部分与下文的a small, noisy room with the television on存在对比关系。作者想借此说明“相同的作业”对于“不同家庭背景的学生”所表现出的事实上的不公平。答案为C。

第四节 完形填空高考押题 高考押题题型一：词义辨析型

The following is a true story. It shows that potential（可能性，潜力） discovered may lead to success.

A young man traveled by train. As it was running across a 1 passengers looked out of 2 idly and aimlessly. When the train came near a bend it 3 and then an unadorned （简陋的）house came into 4 . It was so obvious 5 the deserted landscape that everybody on the train turned to “ 6 ” it with eyes wide open. Some passengers 7 began a discussion abut it. The young man was also 8 by the scene. On his return he 9 the train at the nearest station and found his 10 to the house. Its 11 told him that troubled by the 12 of the train he wanted to sell the house but 13 would buy it.

Soon after the young man 14 thirty thousand dollars for the house, regarding it as a 15 site for advertisement. It was facing the railway 16 where the train had to slow down and the 17 passengers would cast their eyes at the house to 18 themselves.

He managed to get 19 to big companies and tried his best to convince them of the advantage of the place for 20 . Finally the CocaCola Company took a lease on（租用） it to put up promotion signs. The young man was paid 180 thousand for a threeyear rent.

1. A. city B. station

C. tunnel D. wilderness

2. A. windows B. houses 3. A. broke down B. turned down 4. A. being B. view 5. A. against 6. A. admire 7. A. ever 8. A. excited 9. A. got in

10. A. way 11. A. loser 12. A. sound 13. A. nobody

B. on

B. hear

C. rooms D. planes C. slowed down D. put down C. use D. effect C. for

D. to D. see D. yet D. impressed D. put off D. means D. owner D. saying D. someone D. took D. just D. bend

D. delighted D. seat D. up

C. inspect C. still C. shocked C. got off C. road C. boss C. voice C. nothing C. spent C. best

B. even B. expressed B. got out

B. path B. employer B. noise B. none

14. A. cost B. paid 15. A. favorable B. wrong 16. A. station 17. A. tired 18. A. express 19. A. close

B. track B. excited B. enjoy B. access

C. carriage C. moved C. refresh C. down

20. A. promotion B. production C. sale D. advertisement 〔题型分析和解答〕

本题侧重训练学生的词义辨析能力。第3，4，10，12，13，14小题涉及词义辨析内容。 本文通过一个具体的例子，说明了“发现就是成功之门”的道理。

1. D 此题要联系下文语境进行选择。后文提到乘客们百无聊赖地望着窗外，没有什么东西引起他们的兴趣，可以判定火车正行驶在一片荒无人烟的山野之中。 2. A 根据常识判断，乘客们正望着窗外。

3. C 拐弯的时候，火车通常会减速。slow down为“减速”之意；break down 为“出故障，垮下来”之意；turn down 为“拒绝，（声音）扭小”之意；put down“放下，记下”之意。 4. B come into view 为固定短语“进入视野”之意。come into being “产生，形成”； come into use “开始使用”；come into effect “开始生效”。

5. A 这座简陋的房子本身并不引人注目，但因背景太荒凉而使其凸现出来。against在此是“和„„相比，以„„作衬托”之意。

6. A 眼睛张开，当然是为了“欣赏”荒野中的这一奇特景观。

7. B even表示程度递进。

8. D 从后面我们知道，看到这一景观年轻人动了心，他受到了某种启发。 9. C 在返途中，他中途下车。

10.A find one’s way有“不辞劳苦找到”之意。way为普通用语，常可作比喻用法，有“方法，抽象的路”之意；path 指“小路”；road指通车宽广平坦的马路；means“方式，手段”。 11.D很显然，这里指的是那座房子的主人。 12.B房子主人饱受火车噪声之苦，早就想卖掉这座房子了。sound“声音”，一般用语； noise指“噪声”；voice特指“人的嗓音”。 13.A 但无人愿买。nobody为“泛指”；none （在特定范围内特定的）无人或物；nothing用于泛指物。

14.B pay...for “买„„付款”之意。

15.A年轻人觉得这里做广告是再好不过的了。

16.D从后面的slow down可以看出，此处填bend最佳，前后存在因果关系。 17.A 根据常识判断，长时间坐车人容易疲劳。

18.C refresh oneself 是“使某人振作精神”的意思。看到这沙漠中的绿洲，疲惫的乘客精神为之一振，做广告的效果肯定不错。

19.B get access to意为“接近某人”之意。 20.D 前文有提示。

高考押题题型二：语境暗示型

Many television programmes are very realistic. One who watches TV often 1 that whatever happened in the film could 2 happen to him. With only 3 imagination, every man in the streets becomes a thief, 4 ,or a murderer. Jane had been watching a spy film at a friend‟s house. In it, a young girl had been followed and murdered. She felt a little frightened 5 to the station. She took the train back to the center of the city. There were a lot of people traveling, so she felt much 6.

She looked round at the other people in the train. A man sitting opposite her, 7 a newspaper, took a quick look at her. She thought 8 of it until she saw him staring at her. Remembering 9 and feeling very uncomfortable, she got out of the train and went to the bus stop. When he got on 10 bus as she did, she found that he was following her. As long as she had been with other people she was not frightened, but when she 11 the bus, the streets were almost 12 .She walked as quickly as she 13 .She could hear footsteps following her but she 14 look back. After what seemed to have been hours, but was in fact only a few 15 , she reached the front door. She felt for keys, but was unable to find them, 16 she was so frightened. The footsteps 17 behind her. She felt a hand on her shoulder. Instead of feeling hands round her neck, however, she heard a 18 voice.

“I 19 if I frightened you, I’m your new neighbor. I thought I 20 you in the train, but I wasn’t sure.” 1. A. finds 2. A. very 3. A. little 4. A. a spy 5. A. walk

B. feels B. quite B. a little

C. knows C. well C. few

D. believes D. hardly D. a few D. a film star D. to walk D. comfortable D. was reading

B. a prisoner B. walking B. safer B. read

C. an actor C. to be walking C. pleased C. reading

6. A. happier 7. A. reads 8. A. something 9. A. the thief 10.A.the same 11.A.got on 12.A.crowded 13.A.possible 14.A.dare not 15.A.months 16.A.when

B. everything B. the film B. a different B. got off B. empty

C. nothing D. anything C. the newspaper D. her friend C. the other

D. another D. broke away from D. free D. could D. seconds D. because

C. got rid of C. busy C. can

B. was possible B. dared not B. days B. until

C. doesn‟t dare to D. dared to C. minutes C. before

17.A.started B. went on C. stopped D. left D. pleasant D. beg D. met

18.A.excited B. beautiful 19.A.feel sad B. mean well 20.A.knew B. saw 〔题型分析和解答〕

C. frightening C. apologize C. recognized

本题侧重训练学生在语篇中寻找前后暗示线索的能力。第4，6，8，9，10，11，12，15，17，19小题涉及语境暗示内容。

这篇文章的第一句 Many television programmes are very realistic（许多电视节目非常逼真） 为主题句。据此可以推测出这是一个与看电视有关并且以假当真的故事。体裁是记叙文。

1. B“经常看电视的人会感觉到„„”。 2. Ccould well 为一习惯用法，表示“极可能”。

3. Bimagination是不可数名词。 4. Aa spy比较符合题意。因为只有恐怖片或间谍片才会使人产生这样的幻觉。后面watching a spy film有暗示。 5. D不定式作状语。

6. B 因为人多，所以她有安全感。前一句a lot of people traveling为暗示线索。

7. C 此句已有谓语动词took，sitting 和reading是并列平行结构，现在分词作定语，修饰a man。

8. Cnothing ...until表示“直到„„才”。后面的until为暗示线索。 9. B她想起了刚刚看到的那部间谍片。前面的a spy film 有暗示。

10.A那男子和她上了同一辆公共汽车。后一句she found that he was following her，暗示这位男子和她上的是同一辆公共汽车。 11.B后面the streets暗示她已下车。

12.B前面There were a lot of people traveling, so she felt much safer，为暗示线索。“只要与其他人在一起，她就不害怕”，此外语气有转折，所以，“当她下车时，街上几乎是空无一人”。 13.D固定搭配。

14.B她不敢回头看。注意：dare作情态动词有过去式。 15.CAfter what seemed to have been hours为暗示线索，故此处用a few minutes比较符合情理。 16.Dbecause 表示原因。她找不到钥匙的原因是因为她太害怕，太紧张了。

17.C后面的She felt a hand on her shoulder.为暗示线索，故可断定跟踪她的脚步停了下来，才能发生后面的事情。

18.Dpleasant “令人愉快的，舒适的”；由上下文推知，只有此项合题意。

19.CI frightened you是解题的暗示线索。这个男子因为无意识的举动吓坏了女孩子，所以向她表示歉意。

20.C这个男子在火车上就认出她来了。 高考押题题型三：词语搭配型

My ears are recently full of joyous remarks from my friends such as, “Oh, Beckham is so handsome, so cool, that I can’t help falling in love with him!” Or “What perfect skills he has!” Yeah, I agree 1 some degree, though I sometimes do want to ask them how much they 2 Beckham, apart from his appearance and how much they know about football 3 scoring goals. It seems funny that we are crazy for things, with which we are unfamiliar or 4 we are uncertain, but we all, my friends 5 I, consider this 6.

We need these pleasures to brighten up our lives. But that doesn’t amount to craziness 7

nonsense（胡闹）. As an old saying 8 : “Don’t judge a book by its cover.” We should not 9 anything from its appearance. We should all know, it is one’s good character and great contribution that 10 one a star and unforgettable. Therefore we‟d better say 11 about Beckham‟s good looks.

If we close our eyes, 12 in deep thought, we can find that the things 13 us to be in truth happy, sad or moved 14 a clear meaning. If we don’t go deeper and just satisfied with superficial（表面的）things, 15 we will find that we have not really gained anything 16 our first impression has blinded and misled us, and we’ll remain ignorant（愚昧无知的） 17 we realize that and make some changes.

It is believed that thinking and going deeper than before is sign of great 18 . If one day we are willing to go deeper into everything, no matter how much it 19 us, we will finally prove how much we have grown up, how much more sensible (明智的), mature, and intelligent we have 20 . 1. A. to

B. on

C. in

D. at

D. know about D. apart from

2. A. learn from B. learn 3. A. rather than B. except for C. know C. except

4. A. with which B. about that 5. A. not B. as well as 6. A. one of life‟s pleasures C. one of life’s sorrow 7. A. nor

B. and

8. A. speaks 9. A. take 10.A. makes 11.A. more

B. talks B. judge B. causes B. much

C. about which D. which

C. rather than D. but B. pleasures of life D. one of life’s regrets

C. or

D. or else

C. tells C. accept C. builds C. worse

C. falling C. move

D. goes D. conclude D. creates D. less

D. fall D. moves

12.A. fell 13.A. that move 14.A. lack 15.A. in fact 16.A. so 17.A. even if 18.A. joy

B. fallen B. that moves

B. have B. indeed B. even though C. include C. in a while C. because C. unless C. effort

D. cover

D. sooner or later D. although D. if D. work

B. although

B. progress

19.A. cares B. pains C. worries D. minds

20.A. come B. made C. had D. become 〔题型分析和解答〕

本文是一篇具有一定哲理和教育意义的议论文。文章通过讲述“盲目追星”这一事例，阐明了“看问题不要只看表面，而要‘Go Deep’注重内涵”这一论点。

近几年高考完形填空题偶尔采用这种体裁。这类短文常常引用某一具体事例加以阐发，分析事物的发展方向，从而得出结论。文章的结构严谨，逻辑性较强,对考生的语篇整体理解能力和连贯思维能力有较高的要求。

本篇注重从词语搭配角度思考。第1、4、7、8、10、14、20小题可从词语搭配角度获得解题线索。

1. A介词的固定搭配，“在某种程度上”。

2. Dknow about “了解”之意。从下文中也能找到相同的短语。

3. Dapart from “除„„外，还有„„”，具有“附加性质”。 其他选项具有“排他性质”。从上文中也能找到相同的短语。

4. C此题为“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句，about 与be uncertain搭配。 5. B从上文中的we all判断，“不仅仅是我，还有我的朋友”。

6. A从结构上判断，此句含有宾语和宾补结构，宾语为this，后用单数。从下文的意义上判断，为“生活中的乐趣之一”。 7. C否定句中用or连接。“不要达到疯狂和胡闹的程度”。

8. D“正如俗语所说的”，此四个选项都有“说”之意，然而它们都有自己的搭配，A. speaks“说语言，演讲”；B. talks “交谈”；C. tells“告诉”；如用says是正确的，此题中的goes与says同义。

9. Bjudge...by... 或judge... from...“根据„„判断”，从上句中能找到相同的意义。 10.A“是一个人好的品德和贡献才得以成为明星”。make 之后接复合宾语。此句为强调句式。

11.D从上下文意义上判断，“在外貌上要少说”。

12.C从句子结构上分析，用现在分词形式作伴随状语。

13.A从句子结构上分析，此处为定语从句，that代替先行词things，所以谓语用复数形式，关系代词在从句中作主语，that 不能省略。

14.B此句的句子结构较复杂，主语是前面的the things ，此题要填谓语动词，由于主语和谓语之间有一个定语从句，造成了句子的复杂性。意为 “„„有明确的意义”。 15.D 从意义上判断，“如果我们不注重内涵，满足于表面的东西，迟早会发现我们将一无所获”。 16.C从句子的连接上分析有“因果”关系。 17.C从意义上判断，“除非我们意识到这点并做某些改变，否则的话„„”。 18.B从意义上判断，“更注重内涵是一个人进步（成熟）的象征”。 19.Bpains在此为及物动词，意为“费（苦）心”，这种意义与上下文是相通的。 20.D根据句子结构判断，应该用系动词。 高考押题题型四：对比结构型

Alfred Nobel, the Swedish inventor and industrialist, was a man of many contrasts. He was the son of a bankrupt, but became a 1 ; a scientist with a 2 of literature, an industrialist who 3 to remain an idealist. He made a fortune but lived a very 4 life, and although cheerful in company he was often 5 in private. A lover of mankind, he never had a wife or 6 to love him; a patriotic son of his native land, he died 7 on foreign soil. He 8 a new explosive, dynamite, to improve the peacetime industries of mining and road building, but saw it was used as a weapon of 9 to kill and injure his fellow men. During his useful life he often felt he was 10 : “Alfred Nobel,” he once wrote 11 , “ought to have been put to death by a 12 doctor as soon as, with a cry, he entered life.” Worldfamous for his works he was never personally well known, for throughout his life he avoided 13 . “I do not see,” he once said, “that I have deserved any fame and I have no taste for it.” 14 his death his name has brought fame and glory to others. His greatest wish, however, was to see an 15 to wars, and thus peace between nations, and he spent much time and money working for this cause 16 his death in Italy in 1896. His famous will, 17 he left money to provide 18 for outstanding work in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology, Medicine, Literature and Peace, is a 19 to his interests and ideals. And so, the man who felt he 20 at birth is remembered and respected long after his death. 1. A. beggar B. millionaire C. teacher D. doctor

2. A. love

B. hatred

C. feeling D. look D. had D. simple

D. comfortable D. lady D. famously D. exhibited D. kings D. useless D. on his own D. handsome D. interest D. But since D. effort D. through D. with which

3. A. tried 4. A. happy 5. A. sad 6. A. woman 7. A. early

8. A. found 9. A. war 10. A. proud 11. A. out 12. A. cruel 13. A. publicity 14. A. For after 15. A. end 16. A. unless 17. A. however

B. persuaded B. rich B. happy B. family B. suddenly B. discovered B. quarrel B. famous

C. managed C. easy C. enjoyable C. girl C. alone C. fighters C. gentle

C. invented

B. of himself B. poor B. favour B. Only before B. opening B. until B. whatever B. shelter B. solution

C. like that C. kind

C. discussion C. Soon after C. occurrence C. on C. in which

18. A. money 19. A. way 20. A. was born C. food D. prizes C. guide D. memorial B. should have died D. would develop

C. could have grown up 〔题型分析和解答〕

本文讲述了著名科学家诺贝尔相互矛盾、反差强烈的个性特点。第一句话Alfred Nobel, the Swedish inventor and industrialist, was a man of many contrasts是短文的主题句，也是解题的关键。作者主要采用了对比写作手法。第1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 13, 15, 20小题可从对比结构中找到解题线索。

1. B前一句讲到，他是一个破产者的儿子，此处意义转折，故“他却成了一个百万富翁”。 2. A喜欢文学和当科学家相对。

3. C他是一个实业家，却设法成了一个理想主义者。 4. D他发了财，但是过着简朴的生活。

5. A尽管他被人陪伴的时候很快活，但独处的时候却很悲哀。 6. B他热爱人类，但他却没有爱他的妻子和家庭（他一生没有成家）。 7. C他是一个爱国者，却一个人死在异国他乡。

8. C此处考查词语辨析，“发明”应用invented

9. A他发明炸药的初衷是用于和平建设，但炸药却被当作伤害他的同胞骨肉的杀人武器。 10.D他经常感到自己“无用”。 11.B他曾经这样写到自己„„。

12.C“当他来到人间的时候，就应该被一个好心的医生弄死。”因为他觉得炸药的发明是一个罪过，有着很深的负罪感。

13.A前面讲到他在世的时候不为人知，因为他避免在公共场所抛头露面，是一个比较低调的人。前后有因果关系。

14.D但死后他的名字却给其他人带来了名气和荣耀（指诺贝尔奖）。

15.A后面提到了“和平”，故此处用“结束战争”。他最大的希望是看到战争的结束和各国和平相处。

16.B这种和平努力一直持续到他死去为止。

17.C这里是讲他遗嘱里面的内容。

18.D他留下一笔钱为各领域杰出的工作提供奖项。 19.D他的遗嘱是对他的兴趣和理想的一个纪念。

20.B自己感到出生的时候就应该死去的人在死后却被世人长久地怀念和尊重。 高考押题题型五：综合考查型

Robert performs his 24foot boat past willow(柳树) young trees that stick out of the waters of the Mississippi River. 1 dances off maples(枫树), their branches heavy with 2 spring leaves. But a 3 inspection discloses(显露) trouble behind the beautiful sight. Rubbish is 4 in a logjam(浮木阻塞) and hangs from the tree’s branches.

For the next three hours Robert and his team pull plastic bags, tanks, bottles and 5 bowling pins out of the water. Then they 6 for a picnic table caught in the trees. Welcome to the Mississippi River Beautification Project begun in 1997 with Robert‟s oneman 7 to pick up rubbish 8 a 400mile stretch(伸展) of the 2,340mile river. That year, often working 9 , the 22yearold cleaned 150 miles of shoreline.

At first the project appeared 10 and useless. But Robert tried his best to find 11 , and with their backing, he soon had a new boat and fiveman 12 — the Boom Crane Crew. Last year alone the crew 13 from the water 44,055 gallon durms, 1,104 tires and enough plastic bags to 14 a football field. Much of the waste will be 15.

“Robert’s operation is the only one actually in 16 on the river,” says Mark of the Mississippi River Basin Alliance, a union of environmental groups. “It’s the 17 I have ever seen in 20 years, and he is inspiring (激励) others to do the 18 .”

“The river has given me a livelihood and brought me so much 19 ,” Robert says, “I want to do something in 20 .” 1. A. Sunlight B. Air C. Water D. Moonlight 2. A. ripe B. brown C. falling D. fresh 3. A. wider 4. A. placed 5. A. ever 6. A. come 7. A. work 8. A. on 9. A. alone

B. quicker B. piled B. even B. save B. discovery B. in B. strongly B. happy B. workers B. team B. pulled B. cover

C. closer C. trapped C. nearly C. head C. place

D. stricter D. thrown D. merely D. fight D. effort D. along D. fiercely D. possible D. pioneers D. class D. appeared D. spread D. recycled D. common D. luckiest D. good D. waste D. trouble

C. off C. quietly C. impossible C. engineers C. grade C. pushed C. build

C. used C. discussion C. latest C. same C. pride C. pay

10. A. large 11. A. supporters 12. A. family 13. A. came 14. A. clean 15. A. burned 16. A. ending 17. A. biggest 18. A. deed

B. buried B. progress B. earliest B. favor

19. A. time B. joy 20. A. return B. turn 〔题型分析和解答〕

本文为记叙文，讲述了Robert自发组织美化Mississippi河道的动人故事。本题侧重训练学生的主题把握能力和结构分析能力。

1. A 阳光透过树叶形成的时隐时现的斑点看起来好像在树上跳舞似地。因为这是在白天，只有Sunlight才能产生这种现象。 2. D按常理判断春天的叶子是嫩的。

3. C只有近观才能看到这美丽景色后面的不协调的景观。 4. C垃圾被水面上的浮木缠住了。

5. B表示程度递进。甚至还可以从河里捞出保玲球栓。 6. Chead for表示“开往，向„„挺进”之意。 7. D这项工程是从Robert一个人的努力开始的。 8. Dalong表示“沿着„„”之意。

9. A从后面我们知道，开始的时候Robert一个人单枪匹马在河上工作。 10.C起初的时候，这个浩大的工程显得有点天方夜潭似地。 11.A后来他设法找到了一些支持者。

12.B从the Boom Crane Crew中我们知道，这五个人组成了一个小船队。 13.Bpull表示“（从水中）捞出”之意。 14.B这些捞出来的垃圾可以覆盖一个足球场。 15.D大部分垃圾可以再次回收利用。

16.Bin progress表示“正在进行之中”之意。

17.ARobert的这个河道美化工程是二十年中我看到的最大的工程。 18.C他激励着其他人做相同的事情。 19.BMississippi给我带来了如此多的欢乐。 20.A我想做些事来回报大自然。 第五节 天星教育五星级押题 Cloze 1

In 1989 an 8.2 earthquake almost flattened America, killing over 30,000 people in less than four minutes. In the middle of complete damage and disorder, a father rushed to the school where his son was supposed to be, 1 that the building was 2.

After the unforgettably shock, he 3 the promise he had made to his son: “No matter 4, I’ll always be there for you!” And tears began to 5 his eyes. As he looked at the pile of ruins, it looked hopeless, but he kept remembering his 6 to his son. He rushed there and started 7 the ruins. As he was digging, other helpless parents arrived, 8: “It’s too late! They’re all dead! 9, face reality, there’s nothing you can do!” To each parent he responded with 10: “Are you going to help me now?” No one helped. And then he continued to dig for his son, stone by stone. Courageously he went on alone because he needed to know 11:“ Is my boy 12 or is he dead?” He dug for 8 hours...12 hours...24 hours...36 hours...then, in 13 hour, he pulled back a large stone and heard his son’s 14. He screamed his son’s name, “ARMAND!” He heard back, “Dad!?! It‟s me, Dad! I told the other kids not to worry. I told them that if you were alive, you 15 me and 16 you saved me, they‟d be saved. You promised, „No matter what happens, I‟ll always be there for you!‟You did it, Dad!”

“What’s going on in there? ” the father asked.

“There are 14 of us 17 18 33, Dad. We’re scared, hungry, thirsty and thankful you’re here. When the building collapsed, it made 19, and it saved us.” “Come out, boy!”

“No, Dad! Let the other kids out first, 20 I know you’ll get me! No matter what happens, I know you’ll always be there for me!” 1. A. only discovering B. only to discover C. only realizing D. only to realize 2. A. as flat as a pancake C. as strong as an ox 3. A. memorized 4. A. what 5. A. fill

B. forgot

B. as high as a mountain D. as weak as a kitten C. kept C. which C. come C. present

D. remembered D. who D. burst D. encourage

B. what happen B. fill in B. promise

B. digging through D. digging into B. said B. Come again B. one sound B. of himself B. living B. the 38 B. voice

6. A. picture

7. A. digging C. digging out 8. A. to say 9. A. Come out

C. and saying C. Come on C. one row C. by himself C. alive C. 38th C. noise C. save C. even if

D. saying D. Come off D. one line D. to himself D. lively D. the 38th D. tone

D. would have saved D. though

10. A. one word 11. A. for himself 12. A. live 13. A. 38 14. A. sound 16. A. when

15. A. will save B. would save B. because

17. A. remained B. missing C. left D. gone 18. A. for B. behind C. out of D. over 19. A. a promise B. space C. room D. a triangle 20. A. because B. though C. when D. even though 〔题型分析和解答〕

本文是一篇故事情节较强的记叙文。文章讲述了“父亲如何履行自己曾对儿子许下的诺言”的故事，短文生动、感人，极富吸引力。 1. B only to do sth“结果却，不料”，作结果状语，表示该结果在主语的预料之外；现在分词作结果状语，表示由主句所产生的逻辑上的结果。 realize在脑海里经过思维“认识到，了解”；find在表面上就能“发现， 看出”。

2. A 这四个选项都是英语成语，根据本段第一句an 8.2 earthquake almost flattened America判断，选择A项。 3. D 从意义上判断，“他想起了曾对儿子许下的诺言”；memorized“背诵，熟记”。 4. A 从结构上分析，该句是省略了谓语动词的省略句，省略谓语之后，意义仍然清楚，如不省略动词，则使用第三人称单数happens。从意义上分析，可排除C、D项。

5. A 表示“流泪”，这几个动词都可能表示这种意义，但句式搭配不同，其表现形式分别为tears fill his eyes；tears come into his eyes；he bursts into tears。 6. B 从上下文意义判断，“他不断地想起对儿子许下的诺言”。

7. B 动词和动词短语是完形填空设项的重点之一。此题要分清这四项的不同含义。dig及物动词，“掘（土），挖”；dig through“（为找„„）在„„里挖掘”；dig out “发掘出”；dig into“钻研”。

8. D 从结构上分析，应该用现在分词作伴随状语，用and则表示并列。 9. C Come on表示劝说，不耐烦，意为“得啦！来！”，可用Come, Come,代替。

10.D 从词义上判断one line“一句话（台词）”，A项中的one word干扰性较大，它表示“一个词”，如用words则是正确的。

11.A “介词+反身代词”有固定含义，for oneself“独自地，亲自”；by oneself“单独地”；of oneself“自行地，自动地”；to oneself“对（着）自己”。

12.C 这四个词都有“活着的”之意，live仅用作定语，作表语用living ，alive 。living和alive在意义上有细微差别，living可作定语和表语，含有“本以为死了，然而还活着”；alive作表语和后置定语，其含义与dead相对应。lively“生动的，活跃的”。 13.D “在第38小时的时候，„„”，序数词之前要用定冠词。 14.B 注意这四个词的区别：sound “（各种）声音” ；voice “（人们说话的）嗓音”； noise“（不悦耳的）嘈音”；tone“（人们说话的）语气，语调”。

15.B 这是表将来的虚拟语气，主句中用would +动词原形，从下文的句子中也能找到类似的句子。

16.A 从意义上判断，“如果你来救我，他们也就得救了”，这是条件状语从句，应该用if 引导，然而选项中没有if，when与if同义，引导条件状语从句。even if 引导让步状语从句。 17.C 此题包含一个固定句型：There are ... left “还有„„剩余下来”。 18.C 14 ...out of 33 意为：“33人中有14人活了下来”。out of “从„„里面”。特别注意此题中的介词与前面的left没有任何联系。如果没有意识到这点，极可能会选错。 19.D 从意义上判断，“房屋倒塌时，自然形成的三角空隙”。而make room，make space 意为“（有意识地）为„„腾出空间”。 20.A 从上下文意义判断，此句为原因状语从句。 Cloze 2

Few other nations are so much interested in horseracing as the English. The famous races Ascot are held every year and followed by sports fans all over England. The king or the queen also attends 1 and presents the winner with a gold cup. To 2 this gold cup is the dream of every owner of a racehorse. All newspapers, great and small, are full of detailed description of the 3 , and the name of the 4 winner of the Ascot cup is pronounced by everyone 5 of a great hero.

It happened once, however, some seventy years ago, that the gold cup was stolen a few days before the race! The police 6 for it all over the country but could not find it.

Just at the time, Mark Twain, the witty American writer, 7 England. He was 8 by an England Literary Society to be 9 at a dinner given in his honor. After dinner the president of the society rose to 10 a toast to Mark Twain’s health and praise 11 the talent of the famous American. Mark Twain 12 started his speech with the following words:

“Gentlemen, I thank you for the great honor you 13 me, 14 I very much doubt whether all your countrymen join you in your warm welcome. When I arrived at Dover yesterday, and 15 my foot in ‘Merry Old England’, the first thing I saw was a newspaper poster and on it, 16 my great surprise, I read two 17 printed in big red letters: MARK TWAIN ARRIVES! ASCOT CUP STOLEN!

These two announcements stood so closely together that it 18 seemed, gentlemen, as if some people in this country 19 sure that my arrival had something to do with the disappearance of the gold cup!”This witty speech of the famous American author 20 a shout of laughter. 1. A. them

B. it

C. that

D. this

2. A. hold

B. win B. winner B. good B. like that B. asked B. visited B. joined B. life

C. catch

D. keep D. nations D. lucky D. as it D. cared D. got in D. invited D. given D. hold

3. A. problem 4. A. brave 5. A. as this 6. A. searched 8. A. asked 9. A. present 10. A. raise

C. race C. great C. like those C. waited C. arrived in C. seen

C. attended C. propose

7. A. reached in B. went into

11. A. in this way B. in every way

C. in many methods D. in bad manner 12. A. in reply B. in his question C. in his suggestion D. in his heart 13. A. had done B. did 14. A. as if 15. A. set 16. A. for 17. A. articles 18. A. really 19. A. may be

B. as though B. get B. to B. passages B. hardly B. must be

C. do

D. have done D. even if D. start D. by

D. headings D. foolishly D. were

C. though C. go

C. with C. paragraphs C. mainly C. are

20. A. was meetingB. was met withC. was metD. met 〔题型分析和解答〕

本文为记叙文，讲述了著名作家马克吐温在英国的一段趣事。 1. A them代指前面提到的 the famous races Ascot。 2. B 赢得金杯是每一个赛马选手的梦想。 3. C 大小报纸都充满了对比赛的详细描述。 4. D 能获得金杯当然是幸运的。

5. B 这个金杯获得者像大英雄一样被人们所谈论。 6. A 警察在全国搜寻这个被盗的金杯。

7. C 恰巧在这个时候马克吐温到了英国。

8. D 他受英国文学协会之邀，出席了一个为他举办的一个宴会。 9. A present在此是“出席的”意思。

10.C propose a toast 意为“提出为某人的„„而干杯”。 11.B这个文学协会主席对马克吐温大加赞扬。 12.A马克吐温用下面的话致了答辞。 13.D此处用完成时，强调动作的完成。

14.Deven if “即使，纵然，尽管”。马克吐温用幽默调侃的语调说，尽管他对是否所有的英国国民都欢迎他持怀疑态度，但他还是非常感谢文学协会的盛情款待。

15.A 他讲出了说这一番话的原委。他一踏上英国的国土，第一眼看到的就是报纸上的两行标题。

16.Bto one’s surprise为固定搭配。

17.D 从后面看他指的是两行标题：马克吐温到了！ASCOT杯被盗了！ 18.A好像真的是这么一回事。

19.A好像确信马克吐温偷了这个金杯似的。may be 表“对现在事情的推测”。 20.D 马克吐温机智诙谐的答语赢得了满堂喝彩。be met with是“遇到了„„”之意。 Cloze 3

On Christmas Eve, 1943, Miller, a pilot, promised a beautiful waitress to take her picture to her fiancé(未婚夫), who also fought as a pilot in England. On August 9, 1944, he was 1 by the Nazis(纳粹) and spent the next few months as a prisoner of war. It was on Christmas Eve that someone told him a 19yearold 2 prisoner down the hall was badly depressed(沮丧事) and wanted to kill himself. Miller 3 to pay the man a visit. 4 , he first mentioned the POW(战俘) band(乐队) he’d started, with the help of the Red Cross, because he learned that the young man liked to play 5 . The two began to talk about their 6 “.Are you 7 ?” the young man asked. “Yeah, since 1938,”answered Miller.“Have you got her picture?” the young man asked. So Miller 8 for his wallet, and pulled out a photograph of his wife. “She is beautiful!” the young man responded. 9 he noticed a 10 picture had fallen out, and an expression of 11 crossed his face.“ Where did you get that?” Miller told the story of the waitress at the California hamburger stand(摊位).

“That’s my fiancée(未婚妻). We used to be neighbors.” said the young man. Miller 12 his promise to the beautiful girl 13 home and turned the picture over to 14 rightful(合法的) owner.

The men 15 in touch briefly, and then went their 16 ways for the 17 months of the war. Miller and his wife 18 in Florida. And 19 became of the young man who had thought to 20 his life? He married the woman in the photo. 1. A. met B. accepted C. caught 2. A. German B. French C. British 3. A. refused B. decided C. advised 4. A. To break the ice B. To tell the truth C. To begin with D. To be honest 5. A. the saxophone C. chess 6. A. girlfriends 7. A. employed 8. A. searched 9. A. Then 10. A. curious 11. A. wonder 12. A. gave 13. A. from

14. A. their 15. A. stayed 16. A. different 17. A. resting 18. A. removed 19. A. what 20. A. fight

B. football D. games B. families B. worried B. reached B. But B. pretty B. sorrow B. kept B. for

B. his B. lived B. united

D. robbed D. American D. agreed

C. memories C. single C. looked C. Again C. second C. anger C. broke C. back C. her C. worked C. missing

D. brides(新娘) D. married D. cared D. So D. similar D. excitement D. forgot D. at D. its D. played D. personal D. wonderful D. settled D. who D. end

C. separated C. remarried C. why C. start

B. remaining B. recovered

B. how B. lead

〔题型分析和解答〕

本文为记叙文，讲述了二战快结束时发生的一个离奇的故事。 1. C从后文我们知道Miller被纳粹德国抓了起来。

2. D从后文的California hamburger stand可以判断，这个19岁的战俘是个美国人。 3. BMiller决定去看看这个想要自杀的战俘。

4. ATo break the ice意为“打破沉闷的气氛（活跃气氛）”。

5. A可用排除法。Miller成立了一个乐队，乐队与B、C、D项无关。 6. B从后面的内容看，他们谈的是家庭问题。

7. D从后面的回答“Yeah, since 1938”来判断，年轻人问Miller是否结了婚。 8. Breach for表示“伸手去拿”之意。 9. Athen“这时”之意。

10.C他注意到了另外一张相片掉了出来。

11.A因为这张照片是他未婚妻的照片，所以他露出惊讶的表情。

12.BMiller把照片归给了它的合法主人，实现了当初他对女孩许下的诺言。 13.Cback home指“在国内”的意思。 14.Dits指的是照片。

15.Astay in touch意为“处于联系状态”。 16.C从此这两个人各奔东西。 17.Bremaining在此用作定语，“剩下的，余下的”的意思。 18.Dsettle在此表示“定居下来”的意思。

19.AWhat becomes of...?表示“„„遭遇怎么样？”之意。

20.Dend one’s life= kill oneself，前后呼应。 第一节 高考阅读理解题的基本特点

（一）词汇量大，阅读量大，阅读速度要求提高，是阅读理解题的最明显的特征

近年来，阅读理解的词汇量保持在2200个左右，读速略高于每分钟60个词。以2003年阅读理解题为例，该部分仍由5篇短文组成，单词量为2193个，与2002年基本持平。按照该部分所给的参考时间，读速要求为每分钟63个词（见下表）

词量 年份 2000 2001 2002 2003

（二）多样性和均衡性相结合

阅读理解题材贴近生活，时代气息浓厚，涉及人物趣事、中外交流、社会文化、语言习惯、历史事件、日常生活、新闻广告、科普知识等等。在体裁上，记叙文、说明文和应用文各占一定的比例。

（三）侧重考查理解能力，强调对文章深层含义的推断能力

阅读理解题的核心是“理解”。“理解”既包括能准确把握所读材料的表层内容，又包括能概括文章的主旨大意，以及通过对语篇、文段的内部结构的逻辑分析，推断出作者的观点意图和文中未表达的事实、结论。

（四）有效地把握了难度，体现了较好的区分度和信度 从教育测量学的角度和中学生的教学实际看，命题者总是力争使全卷和阅读理解部分的难度

总词量 2403 2335 2258 2193 短文词量 1526 1509 1483 1454 试题词量 876 826 775 739 接近理想难度系数0.50~0.55。根据近几年的高考抽样调查，阅读理解部分的设计达到了这一要求。如2002年和2003年的NMET阅读理解的难度系数均为0.51。五篇短文的难度也基本上是递增的，这有利于考生的正常发挥。体裁多样化是平衡难度的一种有效的方法。记叙文容易理解，但设题通常有一定的难度，大多为推理、判断等综合考查题，其题干短（信息量小），四个选项长（信息量大）。科普类说明文相对难懂一些，但设题通常较容易，考查细节理解题占相当比例，题干长，信息量集中，而选项短，在理解上能尽可能地避免出错。 第二节 必考知识点的变异、解读和预测

高考“考试大纲”中有关阅读理解题的考查要点阐述为： （1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息； （3）根据上下文推测生词的词义；（4）作出简单判断和推理； （5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图和态度。

那么高考题是怎样体现这些考查要点的呢？以NMET2001-2003年阅读理解题为例，各项考查项目的分布情况如下：

考查项目 2001年 主旨大意 具体信息（细节） 词义推断 4 8 1 2002年 4 12 2 2003年 2 14 2 推理和判断 7 2 2 （一）绝大部分题目考查细节理解。细节理解题一般占20道试题的一半到三分之二左右 在确定文章的主题和中心思想后，作者往往辅以大量的细节信息来支持它。这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础，因而成为高考命题的热点。命题人往往要求考生根据不同要求，阅读文章以获得某些特定的信息或准确地寻找所需的细节。这类试题有时比较直接，理解字面意思即可答题；有时则较为间接，需要经过归纳、概括和推理才能答题。考查文章细节常见形式包括排序，图文转换，计算，词句理解，寻找同义表达等。一般给出四种答案供选择：文中无此细节；细节与文中细节完全相反；部分细节与文中细节相同或乍看起来与其相同（此类有时占2个选项）；细节与文中细节意义相同，但表达方式不同。“细节定位法”是解答细节题有效实用的方法。解答此类题，你不必去通篇细看原文，而是“带着问题找答案”，直接找出与此问题相关的段落、语句，然后再仔细对照答案与文中细节，看哪一个是一致的。可兼用排除法，将“文中无此细节”和“与文中细节相反”的选项排除，最后再慎重确定答案。

（二）主旨大意题份量不少。一般为2-4道小题

《教学大纲》和《考试大纲》都要求考生首先必须掌握所读材料的主旨大意，这是对阅读的最重要、最基本的要求之一。不掌握主旨大意，就失去了阅读的意义。考查考生主题概括能力的题占相当分量。因为主题是一篇文章的中心，是文眼。只有通过阅读掌握了文章或明或隐的主题，才能正确理解文章，进而根据自己所具有的背景知识（生活习惯、风土人情、时空环境特点等）、相关学科理论知识、生活经验常识等来推测作者的态度和观点。主题句在文章段落中的位置通常有四种情况：开头、中间、结尾（含在开头和结尾同时出现，首尾呼应的主题句）、无主题句（没明确写出，蕴含在文章之中）。寻找主题句多采用浏览法（skimming）。浏览时，一般不需逐句细看，只需选读文章的首段、尾段，或每段的首句和尾句，重点搜索主题线索和主题信息。若属无主题句文章，则要根据从文中获得的信息，自己去归纳。在归纳过程中，考生要分清主次，看文章主要叙述的是什么，不要一叶障目，不见泰山。同时归纳总结时还要做到简洁明了，用词恰当。主旨大意题主要考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力，有时对考生的归纳、概括能力也有一定的要求。

（三）推理判断题为重要考点，但历年波动较大，在2-7道小题之间徘徊

要解答这类题考生需在掌握全文意思的前提下把握全篇文脉，理清文章结构，弄清事物发展变化的逻辑关系，根据文中已叙述的事实信息，推断出未知的事实、结论以及作者的观点和态度。推断要符合常理，预测要合乎逻辑。找出的原因应是造成某一结果的根本的、主要的原因，切不可以偏概全，断章取义。 考查推理、判断等综合类试题的目的是为了拉开考生之间的差距，保证试题有较好的区分度。有时候，文章似乎看懂了，但却答错了试题，关键原因在于没有真正把握作者的写作意图与写作态度。较高层次的理解题往往会把某些事情的发展留给读者去进行合理地推断。 （四）词义推断题为常考考点，涉及2-3道小题

正确理解文章中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的基础，不懂单词的含义就根本谈不上理解文章。但应该清楚，英语单词的含义并不等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思，其含义随语境变化会有所不同。能根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义，才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。阅读文章时，常常会遇到过去未见过的生词；或是常见的单词，却表示了其他意思。许多这类词的词义可以通过上下文推断出来。不使用词典而通过上下文来认识生词的能力，是一个合格的读者（考生）所应具备的能力，也是阅读测试中经常检测的一种能力。推断词义大致有以下几种方法： （1）利用上下文的线索

在出现生词的上下文中，有时能根据上下文中某些关键单词或词组，推断出这一生词的含义。例如：

John asked the bank for a small loan so that he could repair his house.

从句中的ask the bank以及repair his house，不难推断出loan的意思是“货款”。 (2)利用同义词或近义词的线索

在上下文中，有时会出现与生词意义相同或相近的单词或词组。例如：

The proprietor or the owner of the store is a big man.

从“or”这个单词可以推断 proprietor的意义与owner 的意义相同，即：老板、拥有者。 （3）利用语法或标点符号的线索

在出现生词的上下文中，常常可以利用语法知识及标点符号来推断一个词的含义。例如： Picturewriting, called hieroglyphics, could be used to express ideas as well as objects. 分析句子可知“called hieroglyphics”是过去分词作后置定语，修饰picturewriting。也就很容易推断出 hieroglyphics 与picturewriting 意思相近，再根据后面所说“能够用来表达思想及物体”推断hieroglyphics 是“象形文字”的意思。又如：

His answer to the simple question was ambiguous — not clear.

从破折号可得到启示：ambiguous的意义与 not clear 的意义相同，即“不清楚的、模棱两可的”。

（4）利用解释的线索

在出现生词的上下文中，有时可以通过生词前后文对其的解释找到答案。例如： Their father has a big property. In Australia they call a farm a property. 从后一句我们可以看出property 在此意思是farm。 （5）利用因果关系的线索

有时我们可以通过因果关系来猜测句中生词的意义。例如：

The flowers in the vase withered because they had no water. “花没有浇水”那就意味着“花会枯死”，由此可以推断出withered的意思为“枯萎”。 （6）利用定义的线索

在含有生词的上下文中，有时能找到对此生词所下的定义。如：

He knows a famous cardiologist.A cardiologist is a doctor who specializes in heart diseases.

从后一句的定义“一个专门研究心脏病的医生”，可以猜出cardiologist的意思是“心脏病专家”。

（7）利用对比的线索

在某些句中，一些词暗含有对比之意，如：while, instead, instead of 等。

In the world, some are well off while others are poor. 单词while含有对比之意，故 well off与 poor形成对比，well off 的意思应为“富有的”。 （8）利用构词法

根据构词法中的词缀法，可以构成许多新词。掌握好构词法可以扩大词汇量，也有助于猜测词义。一个词在使用的过程中，通过前缀或后缀，可以派生出许多词来。如： 高考阅读理解题，较好地体现了“稳定中求发展”的命题思路。考查的知识点、侧重点、难度、体裁、题材等方面保持稳定态势，但近年命题轨迹有渐变的趋势。 1材料选取“全盘西化”

上个世纪九十年代中期，高考命题人还偶尔从中国的出版物选取有关中国文化背景的短文。如1996年的E篇（赛事广告），1997年的A篇（华罗庚杯数学竞赛），D篇（英语语言训练广告），1998年的B篇（中美友谊）。尤其2001年的A篇（上海小汽车出租）也是一篇有关中国文化背景的材料。该题在当年的《英语周报》、《学英语》等报刊杂志上出现过，相当多的考生读过这篇文章。这样试题的公正性和客观性受到了很大的影响。但自此以后，出自中国人之手、反映中国题材的短文从NMET试卷中完全消失了。2002年和2003年NMET阅读试题所选短文全部是反映外国生活的文章。其语言文化背景，也大多是英语国家。涉及人们的日常生活、休闲娱乐、科技发明、科学幻想、社会万象、政治观点，经济理念等。这符合中学生学习英语的目的和现实情况。同时材料选取的“全盘西化”可有效保证试题的公正性和客观性。

2材料内容真实新潮

高考阅读理解短文选材贴近现实生活，材料涉及实际生活。不时会出现一些观点新奇，理念新潮，为多数人所陌生的篇目。这有助于体现试题的公平性。如：2001年D篇“冰雪旅馆”，E篇“情感交流”。2002年D篇“迷踪探宝”，E篇“生日花篮”。2003年B篇“特殊的阅读方式”，D篇“日本外来词”等都给人耳目以新的感觉。 当代阅读教学的主流越来越倾向于采纳交际理论中“超前语言本身”（Beyond Languages）的观点和做法，强调阅读技能必须“解决现实生活问题”。所以，高考阅读选材的原则与当代阅读理论是完全吻合的。

根据以上的分析，预测2004年高考阅读理解题“稳中有变”。会继续保持较大的阅读量，难度稍增，难度系数可能会达到0.50。选材洋味十足，题材和体裁多样化。材料真实，语言地道，信息量大。直接从文中找到答案的题目将会减少，主观推断题会有所增多。加强对学生深层含义的考查，推测作者意图的试题会有所增加。题目设置会更加灵活，加大了对考生的语言重组能力的考查。

第三节 阅读理解题实用解题技巧

阅读理解过程是一个对文字资料进行解读并提取所需信息的过程。阅读是理解的前提和手段，理解是阅读的目的。做阅读理解题时，方法很重要。针对不同的题型和不同的题材和体裁应采取不同的方法，这样才会收到事半功倍的效果。

（一）快速略读定主题

略读法是快速阅读中的一种方法，通常又称为浏览。略读的关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，主要目的是捕捉大致的信息以便了解文章主旨和大意。利用略读阅读时，要特别注意文章首尾两段，因为文章的第一段往往点明文章的中心思想，而文章的最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章段落的主题句，这是阅读高效省时的一条捷径，通

常把每段主题句的意思综合起来就是全文的中心思想。另外，文章的主题句有时可能会出现在段落中间或结尾，考生必须运用略读法快速准确地将其找出。 （二）抓准线索理结构

理清文章的结构，这是理解的基础。文章绝不是互不相干的句子杂乱无章的堆砌。通常有一根主线贯穿其中。如叙述文多以人物为中心，以时间或空间为线索，按事件的发生、发展、结局展开故事；论述体则包含论点、论据、结论三大要素，通过解释、举例来阐述观点。你可根据文章的特点，以时间、地点、事件、因果等为线索，找出关键词语，理清文章的思路结构。掌握文章的结构，能帮助考生在阅读和回答问题时做到高效省时。 （三）“断章取义”寻细节

考生要从文段中获得所需的具体信息，可不必阅读整篇文章，而只需找出可能包含所需信息的段落，迅速划定关键词语，然后加以重点阅读即可。此法主要是针对获得具体信息，回答具体的问题，即试题中的细节问题。它常常与Who, What, When, Where, Why和How有关，有时跟具体的数字，如长度、速度、距离、大小、尺寸等有联系。考生在运用此法时，应该注意文章的结构和顺序排列。有的是按空间顺序排列，有的是按时间顺序排列。考生应根据短文的结构，有针对性地扫读，迅速锁定相关内容。 （四）同义互释解难题

所谓同义互释，就是在阅读的时候从备选项中找出与原文意思相同或相近的词、词组或短语，它们在意思上相同或相近，可以互相解释、互相替换，这种阅读方法叫同义互释法。它是英语阅读理解题常见方法之一。阅读理解中的难题如深层理解题或判断推理题可重点采用同义互释法。 （五）“本末倒置”读广告

广告，字典，公告，演出信息，航班时间表，借书卡片等一般为功能阅读，需快速寻找信息。做这类题时没有必要阅读全文，宜采用“倒序法”来处理。即先看问题，后看文章内容。这样在阅读中可以有重点地、有针对性地去读，冗余无效信息可以略读甚至不读。 （六）首尾定位排顺序

有时题目要求对事件发生的先后顺序进行排序。可用首尾定位法，即找到第一个发生的事件，再找到最后一个发生的事件，可大大缩小选择范围，快速有效地确定答案。 （七）“去伪存真”选最佳

在答题的时候，考生有时会发现所给的四个选项中，有不止一个选项可以作为答案。 这时就应该意识到该题可能是一个判断最佳选择的题目。所以，在答题时，一发现有一个看似正确的选取项，就立即把它作为正确答案，这是不明智的。正确的方法是再看一看其他选项中还有没有符合文意的，如果有的话，就要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图，选择比较，去伪存真，做出深层理解和全面分析，进行合理的推理和判断，选出切合文章主旨和作者意图的最佳答案。

（八）立足已知断未知

新大纲对阅读要求的二级目标是：“能根据上下文理解作者的态度和观点；能根据已知的事实推断语篇未直接写出的意思。”英语科《考试大纲》中也有类似的要求：“既理解字面意思也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度意图等。能理解某句某段意义，并能把握全篇的文脉，即句与句，段与段之间的关系，并能据此进行推理与判断。” 对考生推理能力的考查，是对阅读理解的较高层次的要求。考生一定要从文章的已知信息事实入手，充分利用文中提供的信息，按照正常的逻辑进行推理，从而推知语篇中未直接写出，但却合乎逻辑的结果；或者根据文章的字面意思，文章结构和句、段之间的过渡关系，分析其内涵，进而推断出作者的态度、意图。这类问题考生一定要以阅读材料提供的事实、逻辑关系为思维的立足点、出发点，顺应作者的思维模式，领会作者的言外之意。千万不能将自己的观点强加给阅读材料。

总之，推理判断题的技巧要领为：陈述或事实不是推理，推论要有事实依据。如： About one million years ago, the Ice Age began. The Ice Age was a long period of time in which four great glaciers（冰川）pushed southward(1) to cover almost all the upper half of the North America.

As all glaciers do, these great glaciers slid (滑动). They pushed down giant trees in their paths and scraped(刮削) the earth of bare (光秃秃的)soil. Many animals moved farther south to escape. Others stayed and were destroyed.

The last of the great glaciers began its melting about 11，000 years ago. Its melting formed the Great Lakes. These lakes are today little changed from their early sizes and shapes. (2) The largest of the North American river systems was also influenced by the glaciers. This is the MississippiMissouriOhio system. These rivers were miles wide at first. Through the years they settled into their present channels.(3)

From the information in this passage we know that ______. A. glaciers are destructive

B. all glaciers in the world move southward

C. the MississippiMissouriOhio system is larger than what it was before the Ice Age D. the Great Lakes are now smaller than what they were before the Ice Age

仔细分析，逐个核查事实依据的正确性。从画线（1）可以看出，选项B忽视了结论的时间前提“The Ice Age”, “all” 存在逻辑矛盾；画线（2）的“little”说明几乎没有变化，故选项D错误；画线（3）表明“最初的河流有几里宽，多年后才形成现在的河道”，与C相反；而从第二段，“冰山的移动推倒巨大的树木，削刮光秃的土壤，毁灭没有逃走的动物”，可以得出结论：冰山是毁灭性的。选出答案A。 （九）细微之处辨“正误”

有些细节辨析题常以 “true”或 “false”的类型出现。这类题主要考查考生对事实或逻辑的把握和对文章理解的程度。常常针对文章所陈述事实的一部分进行转换理解，其中有转述错误的，有无根据的、有错误理解的。其中学生最容易出错的是部分细节有错误的选项。考生一定要静下心来，耐心细致地对每个选项逐个分析排除，细心斟酌，最后找出正确选项。常用的方法是找出每个选项的“支撑句”来帮助分析，切忌凭感觉答题。如：

One common and colorful misbelief is that the familiar garter snake swallows its young to protect them. The habits of this harmless snake are well known in the USA since it usually lives in areas such as parks and gardens. Like all snakes, the garter swallows the whole creatures for food. However, unlike most other common snakes, the garter snake bears its young alive, in litters（一窝）of up to 50. My guess is that our forefathers, observing the garter snakes’ behavior, simply took it as true that the snake had swallowed its little ones in time of danger, and was now setting them free again. This idea has continued to exist in American people‟s tales to this very day. Which is TRUE about the garter snake? A. It eats its young alive.

B. It frightens people.

C. It is often found in people‟s homes.

D. It doesn‟t lay eggs.

如果考生没有在深层次上理解文章，是很难选出正确答案的。因此，就需要考生找出每个答案中有利于判断的支撑句。由文章第一、三、四几句可知A项错误。选项C从文中lives in areas such as parks and gardens的生活习性可以看出此说法无根据；B选项文章没有涉及，无事实支撑；D项初看好像对bears含义理解不清，但从上下文看，解释了为什么产生这样

的misbelief，是因为“我们的祖先看见蛇的这种行为，就简单地认为当幼蛇面临危险时它们便将其吞下以保护幼蛇，危险过后又吐出来，是bears的真正含义。可见，正确答案为 D。 （十）化繁为简析长句

阅读中，遇到较长的、结构复杂的句子时，可以考虑将其简化，以便更好地理解句意。最常用的方法是“主干成份分析法”。即理清主句的基本结构（主谓宾成份），理解就不会偏离正确的轨道，就能快速掌握句子大意。

例如：This chance discovery ended a 12day search by the Library Company of Philadelphia for a historical treasure — a 120page diary kept 190 years ago by Deborah Logan,“ a woman who knew everybody in her day,” James Green, the librarian told the magazine American Libraries.

这句话的关键信息是：James Green told American Libraries that the discovery ended a search.

（十一）题材不同方法异 说明文、科普文和小品文等首句通常为主题句，其余的句子都是围绕主题句进行说明或阐述；新闻报道的首句为导语通常概括整个事件，这常常是做主旨大意题的解题依据；幽默小品和故事的末句往往含蓄，一语双关，耐人寻味。推断题常常发源于此。

第四节 阅读理解高考押题 高考押题题型一：科普知识类

【导读】科普知识类短文一般为说明文，介绍科普知识、科研动态以及科技成果的开发、特点、用途等等。该类文章理论性、逻辑性较强，叙述条理、层次分明。特点是科技词汇较多，句子长且结构复杂难懂；同时，由于文章所介绍的知识对部分考生而言可能是完全陌生的，这就使得科普文章成为令考生头疼的一类题材。考生应运用词法、句法规则并根据上下文去猜测词义，理解难句，以达到理解全篇、把握主旨的目的。 〔高考押题〕

The plan: turn Mars into a blue world with streams and green fields, and then fill it with creatures (生物) from the earth. This idea may sound like something from a science fiction (科幻小说), but it is actually being taken seriously by many researchers.

This suggested future for the “red planet” will be the main topic for discussion at an international conference hosted by NASA (美国宇航局) this week. Leading researchers as well as science fiction writers will attend the event. It comes as NASA is preparing a multibilliondollar Mars research programme. “Turning Mars into a little earth has long been a topic in science fiction,”said Dr Michael Meyer, NASA’s senior scientist for astrobiology (太空生物学). “Now, with scientists exploring the reality, we can ask what are the real possibilities of changing Mars.”

Most scientists agree that Mars could be turned into a little earth, although much time and money would be needed to achieve this goal.

But many experts are shocked by the idea. “We are destroying our own world at an unbelievable speed and now we are talking about ruining another planet,” said Paul Murdin, of the Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge, UK. Over the past months, scientists have become increasingly confident they will find Martian life forms. Europe and America‟s robot explorers have found proof that water, mixed with soil, exists in large amounts on the planet.

In addition, two different groups of scientists announced on March 28 that they had found signs of methane (甲烷) in the Martian atmosphere (大气). The gas is a waste product of living creatures and could be produced by microbes (微生物) living in the red planet‟s soil.

But scientists such as Dr Lisa Pratt, a biologist at Indiana University, say that these microbes will be put in danger by the little earth project. “Before we have even discovered if there is life on Mars, we are talking about carrying out projects that would destroy all these native lifeforms, all the strange microbes that we hope to find buried in the soil,” said Dr Pratt. This view is shared by Monica Grady, a planetary scientist at the Natural History Museum, London. “We cannot risk starting a global experiment that would wipe out the precious information we are looking for.” she said， “This is just wrong.” 1. The passage is about .

A. a plan turning Mars into a little earth B. the necessity of changing Mars C. Mars supporting life

D. finding water in the Mars

2. Which of the following is NOT the reason why some scientists are against the plan? A. The project would wipe out all the native lifeforms on the Mars. B. The project will cost too much money and work. C. We would ruin Mars.

D. We are destroying our own world at an unbelievable speed. 3. We can infer from the passage that . A. water is a crucial factor for life

B. the project will have little effect on the native lifeforms supposed to live on the Mars C. Monica Grady is in favour of carrying out the little earth project

D. the idea turning Mars into a little earth is nothing but a science fiction

4. Which of the following supports the conclusion of microbes living in the Mars‟s soil? A. Scientists found liquid water in the Mars.

B. Scientists found signs of methane in the Martian atmosphere.

C. Scientists found a lot of good soil on the Mars. D. Scientists found some creatures living on the Mars. 〔题型分析和解答〕

本文是议论文，描绘了把红色火星改造成蓝色的“生命天堂”的宏伟规划，综述了科学家对这个火星改造工程所持的不同观点。

1.A主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句The plan: turn Mars into a blue world with streams and green fields, and then fill it with creatures from the earth.可知这段短文主要讲的是火星改造计划的设想。 2.B细节题。根据短文所述，科学家反对这个设想的理由有：“We are destroying our own world at an unbelievable speed and now we are talking about ruining another planet”, 和that would destroy all these native lifeforms。B项没有提到。

3.A推测题。根据scientists have become increasingly confident they will find Martian life forms. Europe and America’s robot explorers have found proof that water, mixed with soil, exists in large amounts on the planet的内容，我们知道科学家越来越相信火星上存在生命，因为有证据表明火星土壤中存在大量的水，故可断定水是生命存在的关键要素。

4B推理题。根据The gas（methane） is a waste product of living creatures and could be produced by microbes living in the red planet’s soil可知，火星大气层中存在甲烷的迹象，而甲烷是活着的动物产生的废物，据此科学家推断这可能是生活在火星上的微生物产生的。故可得出结论：火星上可能存在微生物，主要证据是火星在大气层中发现了甲烷的迹象。

高考押题题型二：说理议论类

【导读】说理议论类短文有理论，有事实。作者往往根据一些很普通的事实，通过严谨的思维、缜密的推理得出一个具有普遍性或指导性的观点。该类文章逻辑性较强，命题往往从事实细节及文章的主旨或作者的表达意图等方面入手，考查考生的思维能力和判断能力。 〔高考押题〕

We often speak of an artist as creating something and of a craftsman(工匠) as making something. The artist has the desire to create or achieve something original (new/unusual), while the craftsman’s aim is to produce something familiar and expected.

We may say, then, that originality is what distinguishes(tells) art from craft and is the measure of artistic greatness or importance. Unfortunately, originality is also very hard to define; the usual synonymsuniqueness, novelty (creation), freshness — do not help us very much, and the dictionaries tell us only that an original work must not be a copy, reproduction, imitation, or translation. What they fail to point out is that originality is always relative, there is no such thing as a completely original work of art. Thus, If we want to rate works of art on an “originality scale”, our problem does not lie in deciding whether or not a given work is original, since the obvious copies and reproductions are for the most part easy enough to eliminate (get rid of ), but in establishing just exactly how original it is. To do so is not impossible. However, the difficulties involved in our task are so great that we cannot hope for more than indefinite and incomplete answers.

1. We may conclude from reading the passage that a painting by an artist who has been influenced by other artists .

A. might be best called an example of craft but not art

B. must be considered an imitation but not an original work C. might still be considered an original work

D. can not properly be rated on an “originality scale”

2. The author specifically mentions his dissatisfaction with the failure of dictionaries to . A. distinguish clearly between art and craft B. indicate that originality is a matter of degree C. recognize that a reproduction may be true art D. mention that a work of art must be original

3. The author suggests that an “originality scale” might be used to . A. distinguish an original work from a copy B. determine the artistic greatness of a work C. show that originality is always relative

D. explain the difference between art and craft

4. Which of the following statements would the author be least likely to make in talking about a great painting?

A. The painter is more than a good craftsman.

B. The painting has considerable artistic significance. C. The painting has a strange, unusual quality.

D. The painting owes nothing to other artists. 〔题型分析和解答〕 本文为议论文，阐述了“原创性是相对的，而不是绝对的（originality is always relative）”的论点。

1.C推断题。根据originality is always relative, there is no such thing as a completely original work of art. 可知，没有绝对原创的艺术作品，一个艺术作品或多或少地受到其它画家的影响，故可断定一幅画受了其它画家的影响应该可以被认定为原创作品。 2.B推断题。根据What they fail to point out is that originality is always relative可知，作者对字典上的定义不满意，主要是字典没有提到原创性的一个重要特征：原创是相对而言的，而不是绝对的。故可推断作者提到这一点是想表明：原创只是一个程度问题。 3.C推断题。根据If we want to rate works of art on an “originality scale”, our problem does not lie in deciding... but in establishing just exactly how original it is.可知如果我们想要在一个“原创性天平”上给一个艺术作品定等级，难点不在于判定一幅作品是不是原创的（这一点很容易做到），而在于准确地界定原创性到底是多少。故作者在这里强调了他的论点：原创性是相对的。

4.D推断题。作者的观点是originality is always relative，而D项（这幅画没有从其他艺术家那里借鉴什么东西）与此论点相左，故作者是不太可能做出这样的结论的。 高考押题题型三：新闻报道类

【导读】新闻报道类短文有非常鲜明的特点：

(1)主题突出 文章的第一句话或第一段（导语）即是对整篇文章的高度概括。以下各句（各段）才是详细介绍（节选段落除外）。 (2)要点明显 写作要点即五个“Ｗ”（when, where, who, what, how）的表述一目了然。但命题时往往不会几点俱全，而需要考生依据已提供的几个“Ｗ”，以及各“Ｗ”之间的联系去推出未知的“Ｗ”，同时也不排除对细节的理解。 〔高考押题〕

WASHINGTON: Chinese scientist Yuan Longping and Dr Monty Jones of Sierra Leone were named cowinners of the 2004 World Food Prize here on Monday for their contribution to world food security and rice production.

In announcing the recipients in a ceremony held at the US State Department, President of the World Food Prize Foundation Kenneth Quinn lauded both scientists for their “breakthrough scientific achievements” which have significantly increased food security for millions of people from Asia to Africa.

Quinn said it was particularly fitting that the two pioneering rice breeders be awarded the prize during the United Nations International Year of Rice, the crop identified as the staple(主要的) diet of more than 3 billion people around the world. Professor Yuan Longping is directorgeneral of the China National Hybrid Rice （杂交水稻）Research and Development Centre in Hunan Province, China. Jones is presently executive secretary of Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa. Yuan is credited with (功劳在于„„)developing the world’s first successful and widely grown hybrid rice varieties, revolutionizing rice cultivation in China and tripling production over a generation.

Jones’s work recaptured the genetic(遗传的) potential(潜能) of ancient African rice by combining African and Asian rice species

Present at the ceremony hosted by US Secretary of State Colin Powell were UN Food and Agriculture Director — General Jacques Diouf, US Secretary of Agriculture Ann Veneman and Minister and Deputy Chief of Mission of the Chinese Embassy Lan Lijun. The World Food Prize will be formally presented to Professor Yuan and Jones on October 14 this year in Iowa, the United States.

1. Which of the following is the best title? A. A pioneer of the genetic research. B. Passion for hybrid rice.

C. Scientists from China, Africa share food prize. D. What is the World Food Prize? 2. The underlined word “lauded” can be replaced by____. A. landed

B. praised

C. related

D. presented

3. Jones won the 2004 World Food Prize for his achievements in ____. A. breeding (培育)hybrid rice B. breeding hybrid wheat C. improving ancient African rice

D. finding the genetic secret of rice

4. Which of the following is NOT true?

A.The ceremony was held at the US State Department

B.Professor Yuan Longping attended the ceremony hosted by US Secretary of State Colin Powell. C.Professor Yuan and Jones will go to the USA in October to receive the World Food Prize. D.3 billion people around the world live on rice. 〔题型分析和解答〕

本文为新闻报道，介绍了2004年“世界粮食奖”两位获奖者——袁隆平和Monty Jones博士对世界粮食增产所做出的巨大贡献。

1.C主旨大意题。新闻报道类短文的主旨大意题通常可以在首句导语中找到答案。本文的导语为Chinese scientist Yuan Longping and Dr Monty Jones of Sierra Leone were named cowinners of the 2004 World Food Prize...，故C最佳。

2.B猜测词义题。根据President of the World Food Prize Foundation Kenneth Quinn lauded both scientists for their “breakthrough scientific achievements”可以判定，Kenneth Quinn应对这两位科学家所做出的突破性的科学成就给予赞扬。故B最佳。

3.C细节题。根据Jones’s work recaptured the genetic potential of ancient African rice by combining African and Asian rice species可知答案。

4.B细节题。美国国务院主持的这个仪式主要是宣布获奖名单，并没有提到袁隆平亲自出席了这个仪式。

高考押题题型四：人物传记类

【导读】以叙述某个人物的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、成长或奋斗历程等为主。其特点是以时间的先后或事情的发展为主线，脉络清楚，可读性较强。因此，这类文章应该抓住时间线索来获取有关信息，即主人翁在某个时间做什么，然后通过分析推理、综合归纳的方法进行解题。 〔高考押题〕

Georgia was waking up to a new president Monday but it was also getting as its first lady a greeneyed linguist from Holland who has already managed to cast a spell over the little Caucasus nation. Sandra Roelofs is seen by some as the secret weapon which enables her husband Saakashvili to win in this presidential election. She runs an investment consultancy（投资咨询公司）, speaks six languages and some believe she is the real brains behind her husband’s rise to power.

Roelofs, who is a year younger than her husband, met him in 1993 when he was studying an international law programme in Strasbourg, France. She planed to go from there to Somalis as an aid worker but Saakashvili persuaded her to go with him instead to New York, where he had got a scholarship. They married soon after and when Saakashvili returned to his native Georgia to begin

a career in politics, she went with him. She has enchanted(使人心醉) many of her adopted countrymen. The mention of her name sends women swooning（神魂颠倒）, and melts the tough expressions of strong Georgian men.“You can really tell that she cares about people,” says a resident of the capital, Tbilisi.“She runs a hunitarian organization. She is smart and pretty and kind and did you hear the way she speaks Georgian? Perfectly!”

The new first lady‟s looks and intelligence play a large part in her appeal. But Georgians are especially taken by her simple manner. She has said that she plans to keep living in the family‟s modest flat, even though they have the right to move into a luxurious government residence. “She doesn’t care about fancy houses and cars.” said Malika, a 29yearold civil servant in Tbilisi. 1. The underlined part “cast a spell over” means . A. cast a shadow over B. attract

C. love D. respect

2. Which of the following can be best used to describe Sandra Roelofs? A. Proud. B. Hardworking. C. Charming. D. Humble. 3.What moves Georgians most is that Sandra Roelofs is very ____. A. pretty B. modest C. intelligent D. plain 4. Which is the right order in which Sandra Roelofs did the following? a. Roelofs married Saakashvili.

b. She planned to go from France to Somalis as an aid worker.

d. Roelofs came from Holland.

C. abecd

c. Roelofs runs an investment consultancy.

e. Roelofs went to Georgia with Saakashvili. A. daecb B. dabec D. dbaec 〔题型分析和解答〕

本文为人物简介，介绍了格鲁吉亚新任总统Saakashvili的妻子，第一夫人Sandra Roelofs。

1.B词语猜测题。从全文来看，我们知道她已经设法赢得了格鲁吉亚国人的信任和支持，故B项与之存在因果关系，符合题意。

2.C主旨大意题。根据...the secret weapon which enables her husband Saakashvili to win in this presidential election及文中第四段前两句等处我们可以看出Roelofs是个很有魅力的女人。 3.D细节题。根据But Georgians are especially taken by her simple manner可知，令格鲁吉亚国人格外感动的是她的朴实态度。

4.D细节题，要求给事件排序。我们可以首先找出第一个事件d. Roelofs came from Holland，然后再找出最后一个事件c. Roelofs runs an investment consultancy，不难看出答案为D。 高考押题题型五：短篇故事类

【导读】与人物传记不同的是，这类文章一般描述的是一件具体事情的发生、发展或结局，有人物、时间、地点或事情。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事情之间的关系、作者的态度及意图、故事前因或结局的推测等方面着手，考查考生对细节的辨认能力及推理判断能力。 〔高考押题〕

One night when my wife was preparing dinner, our little son took a piece of paper to her which read:

For washing the car$5.00

For making my own bed this week$1.00

Going to the provision shop$0.50

Playing with little sister $0.25 Taking out the rubbish$1.00 Getting a good report card$5.00

And for sweeping the common corridor$2.00 Total ................................................$14.75

His mother looked at him standing there expecting payment. I could see a thousand memories flashed through her mind. So she picked up the pen and turning the paper over, this is what she wrote:

For 9 months I carried you, growing inside me..............No Charge For the nights I sat up with you, doctored and prayed for you..No Charge For the toys, food and clothes and wiping your nose..........No Charge

When you add it all up, the full cost of my love.............No Charge

Well, when he finished reading, he had great big tears in his eyes. He looked at his mother and said, “Mummy, I love you.” Then he took the pen and in great big letters wrote on the “bill” “All paid.”

1. What‟s the best title for this passage? A. Parttime Job C. Payment for Housework

B. Mother’s Love, No Charge

D. Greedy Mother

2.The writer wrote the passage in order to ______. A. show that children should be paid for their housework B. show that children should not be paid for their housework C. show a clever way of teaching children D. tell children how to spend their spare time

3. How do you think of the mother in the passage? A. Clever. B. Greedy. C. Coldhearted. D. Selfish. 4. From the last passage we know that ______.

A. the boy got all the money he wanted

B. the mother was unwilling to give the money to the boy

C. the boy realized that it was not right to ask for money for the housework D. the mother was angry with what the boy said 〔题型分析和解答〕

这是一篇记事类短文，文章讲述了“母爱无价”这一生动的故事。 1.B主旨大意题。从整个故事分析，作者讲述的是“母爱无价”这一主题。

2.Ｃ推断题。考查对作者写作意图的理解。从全文看作者是想通过此故事的描述达到教育孩子的目的。

3.Ａ推理判断题。从这位母亲的行为来分析，她并没有太多的语言，而是用一种很“英明”的行为来达到教育孩子的目的。

4.Ｃ推理判断题。从孩子原来的“要钱”，到最后说“Mummy, I love you” ...“All paid”可推断孩子终于明白了自己的不对。 高考押题题型六：史地常识类

【导读】史地常识类短文涉及某个（或几个）国家、地区、河流、山脉、海洋、城镇等的地理位置以及与之相关的社会生活、政治经济、人文历史、自然资源、文化习俗等方面的情况，相当部分文章还附有图表供理解或选择。考生必须弄清各个地名、人名之间的相互关系和各

个国家或地区之间的位置关系，结合所学的史地知识，选择正确答案。

〔高考押题〕

The orange towers of the Golden Gate Bridge — probably the most beautiful, certainly the most photographed bridge in the world — are visible from almost every point of elevation in San Francisco. The only cleft (穿过) in Northern California’s 600mile continental wall, for years this milewide strait was considered unbridgeable. As much an architectural as an engineering feat, the Golden Gate took only 52 months to design and build. Designed by Joseph Strauss, it was the first really massive suspension bridge, with a span of 4200ft, and until 1959 ranked as the world‟s longest. It connects the city at its northwesterly point on the peninsula to Marin County and Northern California, and was designed to withstand winds of up to a hundred miles an hour and to swing as much as 27ft. Handsome on a clear day, the bridge takes on an eerie（阴森森的） quality when the thick white fogs pour in and hide it almost completely.

You can either drive or walk across. The drive is the more thrilling of the two options as you race under the bridge’s towers, but the halfhour walk across it really gives you time to take in its enormous size and absorb the views of the city behind you and the headlands of Northern California straight ahead. Pause at the midway point and consider the seven or so suicides a month who choose this spot, 260ft up, as their jumpingoff spot. Monitors of such events speculate that victims always face the city before they leap. In 1995, when the suicide toll from the bridge had reached almost 1000, police kept the figures quiet to avoid a rush of wouldbe suicides going for the dubious distinction of being the thousandth person to leap.

Perhaps the bestloved symbol of San Francisco, in 1987 the Golden Gate proved an auspicious （幸运的）place for a sunrise party when crowds gathered to celebrate its fiftieth anniversary. Some quarter of a million people turned up (a third of the city’s entire population); the winds were strong and the huge numbers caused the bridge to buckle, but fortunately not to break.

1. The underlined word “buckle” here means . A. collapse B. crash 2. The Golden Gate Bridge was completed in . A. 1922 B. 1995 3.Which of the following is TRUE?

C. bend C. 1937

D. shake D. 1959

A. The Golden Gate is the longest bridge in the world.

B. So far about 1000 people killed themselves from the Golden Gate. C. It took the workers 52 months to build the Golden Gate. D. San Francisco had a population of about 750,000 in 1987.

4. If you want to enjoy the views of San Francisco from the bridge, you‟d better cross the bridge . A. by train B. on foot C. by car D. by ship 〔题型分析和解答〕

本文是说明文，介绍了旧金山著名的金门大桥。

1.C词义猜测题。根据常识我们可以推断出来，当桥上人太多的时候，桥有可能弯曲变形，故C为最佳答案。

2.C推断题。根据in 1987 the Golden Gate proved an auspicious place for a sunrise party when crowds gathered to celebrate its fiftieth anniversary可知，1987年庆祝金门大桥建成50周年，据此推断金门大桥是1937年建成的。

3.D推断题。根据Some quarter of a million people turned up (a third of the city’s entire

population)可知，当时有25万人左右上了桥，这个数字占城市总人口的三分之一，故可计算出当时旧金山的人口是75万左右。

4.B细节题。根据but the halfhour walk across it really gives you time to take in its enormous size and absorb the views of the city behind you and the headlands of Northern California straight ahead可知答案。

高考押题题型七：幽默小品类

【导读】这类文章是对社会生活、人的性格特点、行为举止的某些可笑的特征进行喜剧性描绘的特殊文体。其特点是对事情本身的描绘符合人们的一般思维习惯，而在文章的最后出其不意地点出其违背常理或不合逻辑的地方。但由于中西方人思维方式的差异，加之考生生活经验或阅历等方面的欠缺，往往不能品味出其幽默所在。因此，解题时需要考生仔细揣摩事情发生的背景、作者的意图，特别要把握文章的最后几句，分析它们与上文的对应关系，找出文章的“幽默点”。

〔高考押题〕

Norah had a cottage on a cliff above a big bay. In winter it could be very nasty because of strong winds and sea spray. In fact, when a gale was blowing, Norah and her husband got used to sleeping in a small room downstairs, because their bedroom upstairs, which faced the gales, had a very big window, and they were afraid that an extra violent gust might break it and blow pieces of broken glass over them.

Also, the salt spray from the sea put an end to many of the colourful plants Norah planted in her garden. She tried putting up a fence to protect them, but the wind just hit it, went up over the top and then down the other side, so in the end she filled the garden with trees and bushes that liked salt.

But most of the summer Norah enjoyed her cottage and garden very much. At weekends she could sit ourofdoors in the sun, looking at the beautiful view, with interesting ships and boats passing by, and she could very easily cycle down to the sea for a swim.

Now, Norah and her husband had plenty of friends and relations. In the summer lots of them used to come to enjoy the beautiful place, and in the end it really became quite annoying for Norah and her husband. When they were at home, they found friends and relations arriving, expecting to be given unlimited drinks and meals, and to sit in the sun for hours, talking as if Norah and her husband had nothing else to do but entertain and listen to them.

This went on for several years. Norah did not wish to appear rude by refusing to let her friends and relations in, but on the other hand, she was getting tired every summer.

Then one day Norah was complaining about this to her hairdresser while she was doing her hair. “You’re disturbed by too many uninvited guests, are you?”said the hairdresser. “Why don’t you try my way of escaping?”

“What’s that?” asked Norah.

“Well,” the hairdresser answered, “when the bell rings, I put on my coat and take my shopping bag. If it’s someone I don’t want to see, I say innocently, ‘I’m sorry, but I’ve got to go out.’ But...”

1. The underlined word “cycle” can be replaced by . A. ride by bike

B. drive

C. walk

D. go by ship

2. We can infer that___.

A. a lot of friends came to visit them in winter B. few friends came to visit them in winter

C. friends came to visit them only for drinks and meals

D. Norah was a good cook

3. Which of the following is the best title?

A. A Good Place of Enjoying the SeaB. A Warmhearted Couple C. A Clever Way of EscapingD. A Visit to Norah

4.What is the hairdresser likely to continue to say in the end? A. If I am tired, I say, “Sorry, can you come next time?”

B. If it‟s someone I like to see, I say, “How lucky! I‟ve just come in!”

C. If it‟s someone I like to see, I say, “How happy to see you! I was going shopping, but now I‟ve changed my mind.”

D. If it is fine that day, I say, “I‟m tired of this, but I‟ll show you around the place, anyhow.” 〔题型分析和解答〕

本文为记叙文。Norah家位于海边，她住的房子夏天是个观海景的好地方。每到夏天来客便络绎不绝，这使她苦不堪言。最后一个美容师给她出了个两全其美的好主意。 1.A 词义猜测题。根据常识判断，通常是骑车到海边。

2.B 推断题。根据In winter it could be very nasty because of strong winds and sea spray可知，冬天这里的气候条件非常恶劣，故来访的客人肯定不多。

3.C 推断题。这个美发师给她出的这个主意既可以使她摆脱招待太多客人的烦恼，又不会得罪客人，两全其美，可谓良策。故C最佳。

4.B 推断题。此题考查考生的逻辑推断能力，需要考生把握文章的逻辑关系。But 暗示了前后结果和理由相反或不同。如果这个客人不大想见，就可以说“我正准备出去购物”。如果这个客人确实想见，她就可以说“我刚刚购物回来”。故B最佳。 高考押题题型八：图形表格类

【导读】此类短文通常只有少量的文字表述。要求考生依据所提供的图表进行理解或描述。常见的图表有流程图、地图、演示图、平面图等。阅读时必须弄清图表中各部件的对应关系，同时针对题目要求进行有目的的识读。 〔高考押题〕 1.What is the best title of the diagram? A.How Trees Absorb Carbon Dioxide B.How the Air Can Be Made Cleaner C.Trees Play an Important Part in Our Daily Life D.How Trees Get Food in the Soil

2. We can infer .

A. the food for trees is made from the water and sugar in the soil B. photosynthesis can‟t take place at night C. photosynthesis can take place at any time D. trees help little in improving the air conditions 3. play an important part in catching the sun‟s energy. A. Roots B. Branches C. Leaves 4. According to the diagram more trees should be planted . A. near the river

B. near the cinema

C. along the highway D. on the mountain 〔题型分析和解答〕

本文为图表类阅读。图示表述了树木吸收二氧化碳，并通过光合作用释放氧气的流程。

D. Trunks

1.A 主旨大意题。根据...absorb carbon dioxide... how trees can help和图示可知，本篇讲的是树木帮助吸收有害的二氧化碳净化空气的过程。

2.B 推断题。根据Photosynthesis takes place when there is sunlight可知，光合作用在阳光下进行，晚上是不可能发生的。

3.C 细节题。根据Leaves contain chlorophyll which traps the sun’s energy可知，树叶主要用来从阳光中获取能量。

4.B 推断题。根据第一段的文字说明我们知道摇滚音乐会和会议厅附近要多栽树，因为这些地方人多，呼出的二氧化碳多，树木有助于净化空气，增加氧气含量。而电影院人口密集，故可得出结论B。

高考押题题型九：广告应用类

【导读】广告是阅读理解题常考的一种题材，属应用文体。这种文体简洁明快，省略了大量的词语，达到了篇幅小、信息多的目的。同时具有语言精练，形象性、鼓动性强的特点。由于广告体阅读理解材料中的大多数句子都是省略句，因此考生必须具备较强的语言运用能力，熟悉文化背景，利用各种手段（如：补全，联想，推测等）正确解读广告的内容。 〔高考押题〕 BTB BUS COMPANY

The BTB BUS Company serves all parts of the city, and also provides an extensive service to nearby towns and villages.

BTB CITY BUSES are usually orange, and operate from 06∶30. There are four kinds of tickets you can use:

Tourist Ranger is the ideal(理想的) ticket for tourists and visitors to the city. The tickets are valid(有效的) for 2, 3 or 5 days, and can be used on all city buses. They cost ￡4, ￡5.5 and ￡7.50.

Monthly Season — Going to work by bus? This is the one for you! For only ￡26.5 you have the freedom of the city for a whole calendar month.

Bus Card — lasts for one day. For ￡2.50 you can travel anywhere on the bus system for one day — but you must clip your card in the machine every time you board a bus.

Single Journey — 50p, valid for just one journey. Clip the ticket when you get on the bus. Books of ten tickets also available(可获得的).

These tickets are only valid on BTB City Buses. They are available from post offices, tobacconists and BTB offices. TICKETS CANNOT BE PURCHASED ON THE BUSES.

BTB COUNTRY BUSES (which are usually blue) serve the towns of Conby, Rashville and Grill as well as numerous villages in the area. Services run from 07∶00 to 21∶30.

Tickets are bought on the bus. The minimum fare is 75p, increasing with distance. Buses depart from the main railway station and Coshley Square.

A MAP of the routes for both City and Country buses can be obtained (price 20p) from the BTB offices at the main railway station or 27 Part Square. Timetables for both services can be found at the bus stop.

1. If you are staying in the city for two days and want to see the city as much as possible, which ticket is the best for you? A. Tourist Ranger.

B. Monthly Season.

C. Bus Card. D. Single Journey.

2.Which of the following statements is not true?

A. Bus Card is the best ticket if you want to show your friend around on a Saturday.

B. Tickets for the BTB blue buses can be purchased on the buses.

C. You can buy tickets for the orange BTB buses from post offices, tobacconists, BTB offices or on the buses.

D. The four kinds of tickets are valid on BTB orange buses. 3.To catch a bus to Rashville, you should probably go to______. A. the towns of ConbyB. Coshley SquareC. GrillD. BTB offices 〔题型分析和解答〕

本文为公共汽车信息广告。

1.A 细节题。根据Tourist Ranger is the ideal ticket for tourists and visitors to the city. The tickets are valid for 2, 3 or 5 days, and can be used on all city buses可知答案。

2.C细节题。我们知道orange BTB buses是市内公交车，而这类车票是不能在汽车上买的（TICKETS CANNOT BE PURCHASED ON THE BUSES）。 故C项有部分细节与短文有出入。

3.B细节题。根据Buses depart from the main railway station and Coshley Square可知答案。 高考押题题型十：环境保护类

【导读】环境保护类话题是高考试题中重点考查的题材。近几年几乎每年都出现一篇。2000年是一篇关于“垃圾回收”的短文；2001年是有关“绿色产品”的话题；而2003年讲述了电脑革命和环境保护的关系问题。环境保护题文章本身和设题方式通常都有一定的难度，通常涉及到一些科技词汇。多为判断题，如辨别事实正误，综合分析判断，推理判断等。 〔高考押题〕

With fifteen years Britain and other nations should be well on with the building of huge industrial complexes of the recycling of waste. The word “rubbish” could lose its meaning because everything which goes into the dumps would be made into something useful. Even the most dangerous and unpleasant wastes would provide energy if nothing else.

The latest project is to take a city of around half a million citizens and discover exactly what raw materials go into it and what go out. The aim is to find out how much of these raw materials could be provided if a plant for recycling waste were built just outside the city. This plant would recycle not only metal such as steel, lead and copper, but also paper and rubber as well.

Another new project is being set up to discover the best way of sorting and separating the rubbish. When this project is complete, the rubbish will be processed like this: First, it will pass through sharp metal bars which will tear open the plastic bags in which rubbish is usually packed; then it will pass through a powerful fan to separate the lightest elements from the heavy solids; after that founders and rollers will break up everything that can be broken. Finally, the rubbish will pass under magnets(磁铁), which will remove the bits of iron and steel; the rubber and plastic will then be sorted out in the final stage.

The first fullsize giant recycling plants are perhaps fifteen years away. Indeed, with the growing cost of transporting rubbish to more distant dumps, some big cities will be forced to build their own recycling plants before long.

1. The underlined part “should be well on with” most probably means . A. complete B. get ready to start

C. achieve a great deal in D. put an end to

2. What is not mentioned as a part of the recycling process described in paragraph 3? A. Breaking up whatever is breakable.

B. Sharpening metal bars.

C. Separating light elements from the heavy ones. D. Sorting out small pieces of metal.

3. What‟s the main reason for big cities to build their own recycling plants? A To deal with wastes in a better way. B To protect the environment from pollution. C To get raw materials locally. D To make much money from those plants. 4. The passage is mainly about _____. A. a cheap way to get energy

B. the place of recycling plants D. the probability of city environment

C. new ways of recycling wastes 〔题型分析和解答〕

本文为说明文，介绍了一些废物回收利用的新方法。

1.C词义猜测题。根据全文可知：再过十五年，英国等国将建立废物回收利用工业联合体的工作将取得重大进展。故C最佳。 2.B细节题。根据...break up everything that can be broken; separate the lightest elements from the heavy; remove the bits of iron and steel等处可知A、C、D是正确的，B项没有提到。

3.A推断题。根据with the growing cost of transporting rubbish to more distant dumps, some big cities will be forced to build their own recycling plants before long.可知：部分大城市被迫建造自己的回收利用工厂是因为运送垃圾的成本越来越高。自己建造回收工厂是处理垃圾的一个比较好的方法，故A项比较接近。

4.C主旨题。全文主要介绍了城市垃圾处理的一些新的方法。 高考押题题型十一：社会文化类

【导读】反映社会，反映现实，这是高考阅读题选材的一个重要原则。语言是文化的重要载体，二者有着密切的联系, 并且不可分割，这一结论现在已普遍为世人所接受。我们学习英语的终极目标就是要具备跨文化交际能力。了解英语国家的文化知识也是我们学习英语的目的之一。所以社会文化类试题出现在高考试卷中也就理所当然了。

社会文化类题材有议论文，也有说明文；一般说明一个主题。考生要养成关心时政的习惯，有意识地培养自己的英语文化意识，不断扩大相关的文化背景知识，才能正确理解这些社会现象和文化动态。这类题材命题题型多为判断题，以事实细节题居多。 〔高考押题〕

Email has brought the art of letter writing back to life, but some experts think the resulting spread of bad English does more harm than good. Email is a form of communication that is changing, for the worse, the way we write and use language, say some communication researchers. It is also changing the way we interact and build relationship. These are a few of recently recognized features of email, say experts, that should cause individual and organizations to rethink the way they use email.

“Email has increased the spread of careless writing habits, ”says Naomi Baron, a professor of linguistics at American University. She says the poor spelling, grammar, punctuation and sentence structure of emails reflect a growing unconcern to the way we write.

Baron argues that we should not forgive and forget the poor writing often shown in emails. “ The more we use email and its tasteless writing, the more it becomes the normal way of writing,” the professor says. Others say that despite its poor prose(文字), email has finished what several generations of

English teachers couldn’t: it has made writing fashionable again.

“Email is a critical new communication technology,” says Ian Lancashire, a University of Toronto professor of English.“It fills the gap between spoken language and the formal methods of writing that existed before email. It is the purest form of written speech.” Lancashire says email has the mysterious ability to get people who are scared by writing to get their thoughts flowing easily onto a blank screen. He says this is because of email‟s close similarity to speech.“ It‟s like a circle of four or five people around a campfire,” he says.

Still, he accepts that this newfound freedom to express themselves often gets people into trouble.“Almost everyday I get emails that apologies of previous emails,” he reports.

In the US, the number of emails sent in a day exceeds(超过) the number of letters mailed in a year. But more people are recognizing the content of a typical email message is not often exact. 1.The passages mainly shows us that .

A people should stop using email to communicate B experts hold different opinions about email C Americans only use email to communicate D email makes people lose interest in English

2. In Lancashire‟s opinion, email is a wonderful technology because_____. A. it can be used all over the world B. it is the fastest way to communicate C. we can express ourselves in a free way

D. we can save a lot of paper

3. Which of the following is NOT true about email? A. It is changing the way of communication. B. It is used more than letters in the US. C. It helps us write better. D. It causes us to write more. 〔题型分析和解答〕

电子邮件使写信这种古老而传统的沟通方式又恢复了生机，但用电子邮件写信也带来了一些新的问题，专家们对此也有不同的看法。本文就陈述了这些不同的观点。

1.B主旨大意题。根据...but some experts think the resulting spread of bad English does more harm than good.及Others say that despite its poor prose, email has finished what several generations of English teachers couldn’t: it has made writing fashionable again.等处我们可以归纳出：本文主要陈述了对电子信件不同的观点。 2.C细节题。根据this newfound freedom to express themselves可以看出Lancashire的观点，他认为电子信件可以使人自由地表达思想和情感，类似于口头语言。

3.C推断题。根据Email has increased the spread of careless writing habits可知，电子邮件促使了不良写作习惯的形成，故C项说法不正确。

第五节 天星教育五星级押题 Passage 1

Lisa, a middleaged woman, went to prepare lunch, leaving her 3yearold son, Barney, playing by himself in the backyard.

All of a sudden, a sharp cry of Barney came into the mother’s ears, and Lisa rushed into the backyard and found a big snake entwining（纠缠） the little child with its body and trying to swallow the boy. Lisa was terrified and quite angry. She made up her mind to save her son from

the snake‟s mouth.

It was a fearless mother’s love that made Lisa forget what she faced. She took up an old hatchet （斧头）from the ground and struck the snake with all her strength.

One...two... With the hatchet, Lisa hit the snake again and again, but she felt as if she were striking a mass of solid rubber. The little boy’s voice and breath were getting weaker and weaker. Lisa’s heart was broken and she nearly went mad.

Suddenly Lisa put aside the hatchet and threw herself on to the snake, opened her mouth and bit into its back, as if tearing a tough steak（牛排）. Lisa was really mad.

A small piece of flesh was bitten off. Lisa picked up the hatchet again and hit at the wound in the snake’s back madly and savagely.

Stinking blood was spraying out of the snake’s body. The snake was so badly wounded that it let go of Barney and moved back into the forest. It had never imagined that human beings had such terrible, sharp teeth. Halfway home, the snake died. 1.What did Lisa find when she came into the backyard? A. A big snake was swallowing her son.

B. Her son was playing with a poisonous snake. C. Her son was in danger of losing his life. D. Barney was fighting a big snake.

2.Why did Lisa fail in killing the snake at first?

A. Because she was afraid that what she did would hurt her son.

B. Because the hatchet was not sharp enough and the snake‟s skin was too hard. C. Because the snake was even stronger than Lisa. D. Because she was too astonished to do anything. 3. ________, so she bit the snake. A. Lisa was really driven mad

B. Lisa thought her teeth were much sharper than the hatchet C. Lisa couldn‟t refuse the temptation of the snake‟s meat

D. Lisa had not got any other way to deal with the snake

4. From the story, we learned that it was a mother‟s love that made________ . A. Barney brave B. the snake frightened C. Lisa mad and angry 〔题型分析和解答〕

D. the woman fearless

本文为记叙文，讲述了一个母亲蛇口救子的动人故事。

1.C 推断题。根据found a big snake entwining the little child with its body and trying to swallow the boy.可知，这条大蛇正缠着这个小男孩，试图想把这个男孩吞下去，可知这个孩子生命危急。A项讲的是蛇正在吞下这个男孩，与事实不符。

2.B 细节题。根据With the hatchet, Lisa hit the snake again and again, but she felt as if she were striking a mass of solid rubber.可知蛇皮太硬，斧头无济于事。

3.D 推断题。从文中可知，这个妇女是在斧头都不起作用的情况下，才想到用牙齿咬蛇的。 4.D 细节题。根据It was a fearless mother’s love that made Lisa forget what she faced.可知答案。

Passage 2

Japanese toy maker Takara looks set to herald(宣布) a new age of communication between humans and felines(猫科动物)with a device that changes a cat’s meows（猫叫声) into human

speech.

The device, which promises to make cat owners know about their pets’ emotions, will be launched(投放市场) in Japan this November. The announcement comes a year after the company introduced a similar device, which translates a dog’s barks into words through voicepattern recognition.

The doglanguage translator device consists of a wireless microphone that is attached to the dog’s collar and a terminal that analyzes and matches each bark with a set of preprogrammed(预排程序的) phrases. The device detects feelings — including happiness, frustration(沮丧) and sadness — and displays the associated expressions on the terminal’s liquidcrystal display (LCD) screen.

The catlanguage translator device is expected to work in similar fashion, although it will cost half the price of its predecessor.

It has a price of $75, significantly less than $120 that dog owners pay Bowlingual(狗语翻译器), according to the AFP report.

Despite the price, Takara said demand for Bowlingual has been beyond supply, with more than 300,000 units being sold in the six months since its launch last September. Since then, the device has been released in South Korea and will be launched in US next month.

The toy maker hopes to equal this success and aims to achieve the same sales totally for the Meowlingual by 2004, according to the report.

“We do not have an immediate plan to sell the product (the Meowlingual ) overseas, but this could be a possibility,” the Takara spokeswoman was quoted as saying. 1. With the Bowlingual,______. A. people can talk freely with dogs B. people can understand cats well

C. the owners can communicate with their dogs in some way D. dogs can communicate with cats well

2. According to the passage, we can infer that_____.

A. there are too many Bowlinguals in sale now

B. the Meowlingual will be much more expensive than the Bowlingual C. people can buy the Meowlingual easily now in the market out of Japan D. it is possible that people in other countries can buy the Meowlingual soon 3. Which of the following expressions are probably wrong? A. Animals have their own languages. B. Animals have their own feelings.

C. We can make good friends with animals if we learn more about them.

D. In fact, we can translate any kind of animals‟ languages into human languages. 〔题型分析和解答〕

本文为说明文，介绍了一种能了解猫喜怒哀乐的“猫语翻译器”。

1.C 细节题。根据...analyzes and matches each bark with a set of preprogrammed phrases. The device detects feelingsincluding happiness, frustration and sadness — and displays the associated expressions on the terminal’s liquidcrystal display (LCD) screen.可知，这种“狗语翻译器”能让主人对狗的情感有所了解。

2.D 推断题。根据We do not have an immediate plan to sell the product(the Meowlingual ) overseas, but this could be a possibility可知，这种“猫语翻译器”有可能在海外销售。

3.D 细节题。根据Japanese toy maker Takara looks set to herald a new age of communication between humans and felines等处，我们知道人们现在只能与猫、狗等少数动物实现某种程度的沟通。故D项说法与事实不符。

Passage 3

Children who use mobile phones risk suffering memory loss, sleeping disorders and headaches, according to research published in the medical journal(期刊) The Lancet.

Physicist Dr Gerard Hyland raised new fears over radiation caused by mobile phones and said under 18yearolds, who represent a quarter of Britain’s 25 million mobile users, were more vulnerable(脆弱) because their immune systems(免疫系统) were less robust.

Radiation is known to affect the brain rhythms(节律) and children are particularly vulnerable. The effect of microwaves(微波) from a mobile phone is a bit like interference on a radio. It has an impact on the stability(稳定) of cells in the body. The main effects are neurological(神经病学的), causing headaches, memory loss and also sleeping disorders.

He said there was too much uncertainty about the potential (潜在的) dangers of mobile phones.

“If mobile phones were a type of food, they simply would not be licensed(许可) because there is so much uncertainty surrounding their safety,” he said.

Hyland’s findings came as the government carried out a new task force to study the possible risks of mobile phones.

A governmentcommissioned(政府委托) inquiry into potential risks said in May that children should be discouraged from using mobile phones.

Fresh evidence about the impact of mobile phones on children’s brains follows research in early November showing that handsfree mobile phone kits(用品) can significantly boost(促进) the brain’s exposure to radiation.

Scientists agree that electromagnetic(电磁) radiation from mobile phones warms brain tissue (组织) although it remains unproven that they pose a human health risk.

But Hyland said the real risk was from low intensity(强度) radiation known as nonthermal(热的) radiation, not brain heating.

1. What is likely to happen to a child who often uses a cellphone? A. He has a toothache.

B. His heart beats wildly.

C. He is always forgetting something. D. He doesn‟t walk “steadily”.

2. The underlined word “robust” means “”.

A. wise B. healthy D. old D. lively 3. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. There are many safety risks related to the cellphone which haven’t been discovered by man. B. Evidence shows the warmed brain tissues pose a human health risk. C. It is wise for children to use the mobile phones. D. In Britain about 25 million children are mobile users. 4. Which of the following is the best title? A. Scientist Raises New Mobile Phone Fears B. A New Scientific Discovery

C. Radiation Is Known to Be Harmful to People

D. Teenagers Are Not Supposed to Use Phones 〔题型分析和解答〕

本文为说明文，陈述了手机对青少年造成的潜在危害性。

1.C推断题。根据The main effects are neurological, causing headaches, memory loss and also sleeping disorders.可知：手机主要对一个人的神经系统产生影响，而always forgetting something属于memory loss。 2.B词义猜测题。根据...under 18yearolds, who represent a quarter of Britain’s 25 million mobile users, were more vulnerable because their immune systems were less robust.可知more vulnerable和less robust存在因果关系，故可判定 robust是“强壮的，健康的”的意思。 3.A细节理解题。根据He said there was too much uncertainty about the potential dangers of mobile phones可知答案。

4.A主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文讲的是科学家提出的新的手机问题。故A最佳。 Passage 4

Most of us lead unhealthy lives; we spend far too much sitting down. If in addition we are careless about our diets, our bodies soon become loose and fatty and our systems slowmoving. There are some aspects(方面) of our unhealthy lives that we cannot avoid. I am thinking of such features of modern city life as pollution, noise, rushed meals and stress. But keeping fit is a way to reduce the effects of these evils. The usual suggestion to a person who is looking for a way to keep fit is to take up some sport or other. While it is true that every weekend you will find people playing football and hockey in the local park, they are outnumbered a hundred to one by the people who are simply watching them.

For those who do not particularly enjoy competitive sports — and it is especially difficult to do so if you are not good at them — there are such separate activities as cycling, walking, jogging and swimming. What often happens though is that you do them in such a leisurely way, so slowly, that it is doubtful if you are doing yourself much good, except for the fact that you have at least managed to get up out of your armchair.

Even after you have found a way for keeping in shape, through sport or gymnastics, you are still only half way to good health, because, according to the experts, you must also master the art of complete mental and physical relaxation(放松). It has to do with deep breathing, emptying your mind of all thoughts, meditation, and so on. Yoga, as practiced in the West, is the most widely known and popular of the systems for achieving the necessary state of relaxation. It seems ironical (讽刺性的), though, that as our lives have improved in a material sense we have found it increasingly necessary to go back to forms of activityphysical effort on the one hand and relaxation on the other — which were the natural way of life of our forefathers. 1. Pollution, noise and stress are examples of _____. A. causes of unfitness

B. bad features of living in towns

C. the things we can completely do away with D. unavoidable things in town

2. We don‟t get much out of separate sports because we _____. A. don‟t do them very often

B. don‟t do them actively enough C. find it hard to get out of our armchairs D. don‟t find them interesting

3. To be healthy we must _____.

A. keep fit and active B. keep fit and learn to relax C. be active and practise Yoga D. have a sound mind 4. Our forefathers were healthy because______.

A. their way of life closely connected with both exercise and relaxation B. they were careful to get plenty of fresh air C. they spent most of the time out of doors D. their environment was not polluted 〔题型分析和解答〕

本文为说明文，介绍了身心健康的两个方面：积极锻炼和心态放松。

1.B 细节题。根据There are some aspects of our unhealthy lives that we cannot avoid. I am thinking of such features of modern city life as pollution, noise, rushed meals and stress. 可知pollution, noise, stress是生活在城市一些不健康的、不太好的方面。

2.B 推断题。根据What often happens though is that you do them in such a leisurely way, so slowly... 可知，我们锻炼的时候并不是太积极和投入，故效果不太理想。

3.B 推断题。根据you must also master the art of complete mental and physical relaxation等处可知，光是锻炼是不够的，还要注意心理保健。健康包括生理的和心理的（锻炼和心理放松）两个方面。故B项最佳。 4.A 推断题。根据physical effort on the one hand and relaxation on the other — which were the natural way of life of our forefathers.可知，我们祖先的生活方式很健康，是因为他们的生活方式与锻炼和放松密切相关。