高考语法填空词性变换真题汇总及考点分类总结
建安区三高 熊训勇
一、近五年高考语法填空 -- 词性变换真题总结
▲
2019 年
2019 全国 I 卷
It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been
62 (poor) studied.
In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported i in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a
66
(believe) that populations are increasing.
ncreases
2019 全国 II
Her Year.
卷
years of hard work have 63 (final)
been acknowledged ’ s Woman Of The
after a customer nominated (
提名 ) her to be Cheshire
We are so proud of her. It ’ s
70
(wonder).
2019 全国 III 卷
When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting
66
(compete)
to watch,
together
with the story behind it. They also shared with us many were
67 68
(tradition) stories about Hawaii that (huge) popular with tourists.
2019 浙江
car drivers can
When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings,
60
(easy) see them.
Other American studies showed no uniforms and school performance. School uniforms are
64
(connect) between
65
(tradition) in Britain, but some
schools are starting to get rid of them.
2019 北京
Students
should have a proper
attitude towards college before thinking
about which college to attend, and it ’ s never too early to make
necessary preparations for a healthy and
10
(meaning)
college experience.
▲
2018 年
2018 全国 I
卷
To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to always
68 69
(strength) (energy).
your leg muscles (肌肉),
avoid
hills
and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it
’ s
2018 全国 II
卷
63
66
(actual) behind the change: An
(pollute)
in the country
A taste for meat is This switch
has decreased
important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
’s major
lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total
67
(globe) fertilizer consumption.
2018 全国 III 卷
My name is Mireya Mayor. I ’ m a
66
(science) who studies
animals such as apes and monkeys.
2018 浙江卷
be
Researchers in food problems.
The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may
62
(afford) but doing this most days adds up.
that
there
is a direct
rise in
have found link between the increase
64
eaten outside
the home and the
(weigh)
▲
2017 年
2017 全国 I
snack
卷
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to
( 吃点心 ) between
meals and will improve the taste
of your food.
However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes.
2017 全国 II
Steam engines been
卷
66
were used
(fair)
to pull the carriages and it must have
unpleasant for the passengers, with
all the smoke and noise.
This development was only possible with the
69
(introduce) of electric-powered engines and
lifts. The central London Railway was one of the
most 70 (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900.
2017 全国 III 卷
She is determined to carry on with her
66
(educate).
I don ’ t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It
is
70
(certain)
fun but the lifestyle
is a little
unreal.
2017 浙江卷
But something made her look closer, and she noticed a
57
(shine) object.
▲
2016 年
2016 全国 I 卷
Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia
’ s biggest building, and
fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its
top
61
(attract).
The title will be
63
(official)
given to
me at a ceremony
in London.
2016 全国 II
卷
If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a
step back and identify (
辨别 )
those of greater and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks
first so you ’ ll feel
a real sense
of
42 (achieve).
Recent studies
show that we are far more productive at work
if we
take short breaks
47
(regular).
2016 全国 III
卷
Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs
which
46
(gradual) turned into chopsticks. Some people
think that the great Chinese scholar
Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to
479 .
influenced
the
48
(develop)
of chopsticks.
▲ 2015 年
2015 全国 I
卷
Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says
it
69
(regular) arranges quick getaways here for
people
living in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
2015 全国 II
卷
In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable without
is their
63
(able)
to “ air
condition
” a house
using electric equipment.
65
69
(slow) during cool nights.
Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat As
out exactly
(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured
how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle
work on most days. 附答案：
▲ 2019 年 2019 全国 I 卷 62. poorly
66. belief 2019 全 国 II
67.
卷 63. finally traditional / ▲ II
connections
2018 年 2018 卷 63. actually
70. wonderful
68. hugely
65. 全国
I
2019 全国 III 卷 66. competition
connection
2019 浙江 60. traditional
easily 64.
2019
北京 10. meaningful
69. energetic
2018
卷 68. strengthen
2018 全国 卷 66.
66. pollution 67. global 64. weight
全国 III
scientist ▲ fairly education ▲
2018 浙江卷 62. affordable
全国
2017 年 2017 I 卷 69. careful 2017 全国 II 卷 66.
69. introduction 70. successful
2017
2017 全 国 III
卷 66.
70. certainly
全国
浙江卷 57. shiny / shining
2016 年 2016
I 卷 61. attraction 全国 III
63. 47.
officially regularly ▲
2016 全国 II
卷 42. achievement
卷 46. gradually
2016 全国
48. development
2015 年 2015 I 卷 69. regularly
69. natural
2015 全 国 II 卷 63.
ability 65. slowly
二、近五年考点分类总结：
1. 词
形 容 词
→
副 poor — poorly sily ； actual ly ；official
； final— finally
— actually — officially
； huge — fairly
— hugely ； easy — ea ； certain
— certain ；gradual
； fair
；regular
— regularly
—
gradually ； slow — slowly
名
believe
2. 词
动 词 →
— belief ； compete — competition
— pollution
； weigh
； connect — connec
— in
tion ； pollute — weight ； introduce
troduction ieve —
形 wonder
aningful
； educate achievement
— education ； attract ； develop ； tradition
— development — traditional
— attraction
； ach
3.名词→
— wonderful ； globe —
； meaning — me
； care — ca
容词
global ； success — successful
reful
动
afford
； nature — natural
； energy — energetic
4. 词 5 . 词 6. 词
— affordable
/ shining
→ 形 容词 形
容
shine — shiny able
— ability
；
→ 名 词
名词 →
动
strength
— strengthen
7. 名 词 → 名 science — scientist
词（人）
三、常有前缀后缀清点
前缀一般改变词义而不改变词性；后缀一般改变词性而不改变词义。
常有后缀
副词后缀
副词后缀 -ly ：absolutely, completely, exactly, extremely, frequently, obviously, particularly, similarly, suddenly
形容词后缀 -able / -ible considerable -al / -ial personal
： reasonable, flexible, reliable, valuable, accessible,
-ive ： effective, sensitive, attractive, impressive
： practical,
beneficial, financial, facial, mental,
-ate ： considerate, fortunate -ful ： powerful, thoughtful, shameful
successful,
wonderful,
fearful,
respectful,
skillful,
-ly ： likely, lively, lonely, deadly, elderly, hourly, yearly, -ent ： confident, convenient, independent, different, violent
daily
-less: dusty
countless, homeless, useless, breathless, effortless, selfless
-y: guilty, healthy, hungry, sleepy, tasty, thirsty, wealthy, worthy,
-ic ： energetic, scientific, fantastic
-ary / -ory ： contradictory, documentary, imaginary
-ous ： obvious, various, adventurous, ambitious, courageous, disastrous, mountainous
名词后缀 -ity / -ty / -y similarity, necessity
： curiosity, responsibility, safety, security,
-ance / -ence ： appearance, performance, acceptance, confidence,
preference, significance
-sion / -tion ： contribution, decision, impression, admission,
concentration, discussion, donation
-th ： strength, depth, growth, length, warmth, width
-ment ： achievement, treatment, amusement, arrangement, excitement, improvement -ure / -ture /
-ature ： failure, pressure,
exposure,
mixture, signature
-ing ： building, suffering, understanding, warning -al ： approval, arrival, survival
-cy ： accuracy, fluency, frequency, privacy -ness ： awareness, coldness, weakness 动词后缀
-ate: concentrate, accelerate, advocate, regulate -(e)n:
broaden,
fasten,
frighten,
sharpen,
strengthen,
darken,
deepen,
harden, lengthen -(i)fy terrify -ize /
-ise:
名词后缀（人） -ar / -er / -or
： satisfy, clarify, classify, identify, qualify, simplify,
apologize, organize, realize, recognize
： conductor, director, engineer, beggar, employer,
instructor, interviewer, lawyer, liar -ist
： artist, novelist, specialist, tourist, pianist,
scientist,
violinist
-ant ： accountant, assistant, servant
常有前缀
anti-
反对 ，抗衡；相 反；防 ( 止 ) ：anti-aging, anti-anxiety, anti-virus,
antifreeze dis-
不 ，否认 ，相反 ： disadvantage, discourage, dishonest, dislike,
disorder
il- / im- / in- / ir- 不， 非，无 ： illegal, impatient, impossible,
inexpensive, immoral, inconvenient, irregular mis- 的； 坏的； 不， 相反： misfortune, misunderstand, mislead, mistrust
non-
无 ，不， 非： nonprofit, nonsense, nonsmoking, nonstop, 不；表 示相反 的
作： unable, unexpected, unfortunate, unusual,
non-recycling un-
unfair, unforgettable, unnecessary co- en-
和 ⋯ ⋯ 一同， 共同： cooperate, co-discover, co-renter, co-worker 使
于 ⋯ ⋯ 状
，使 拥有 ⋯ ⋯ 特征； 住： enable,
encourage,
enjoy,
endanger, enlarge, enrich, ensure extra-
在 ⋯ ⋯ 以外， 高出；特别 ，分外 ： extraordinary,
extra-large,
extra-strong inter-
在 ⋯ ⋯ 之 ， 互相： interrupt, interview,
interaction,
international, Internet, interval
micro- microwave
极小的 ，细小 的： microbiology, microphone, microscope, ( 同
mini- multi-
中 ) 特 小的， 微型的 ： minibus, minicomputer, miniskirt
multimedia, multinational, multitask
prejudice, prepaid, preview
多于一 的，多 的： 在 ⋯ ⋯ 之 前，
pre- re- tele-
先： predict,
再，从头 ：remind,
remove, replace,
的； 使用
return, review, react,
reaction
( 距 离 ) 的； 的 ： telephone, telescope,
television, telesales trans-
横穿，横 ；表示
transportation, transplant
化： transform, translate, transport,
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