一、英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。 例如：Many people speak English.
谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 二、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以do为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
一般现在时：am／is／are＋done 一般过去时：was／were＋done 一般将来时：will／shall be＋done 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋done 过去进行时：was／were being＋done 现在完成时：have／has been＋done
歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、被动语态的用法
(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如： Some new computers were stolen last night.
一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book was
published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。 (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：the window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。 歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要； 动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法
(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如： All the people laughed at him. He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes are made by them in the factory. 歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。 谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。
五、含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成， 歌诀是：情态动词变动，情态加be加“过分”例如： We can repair this watch in two days. This watch can be repaired in two days. They should do it at once. It should be done at once.
、注意：在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带 to，但改成被动语态后都带to，这时不定式为主语补足语，也就是说不定式作主语补足语不存在省略to 的问题。
六
We often hear him play the guitar. →He is often heard to play the guitar. 8. 有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。如：
(1)The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。
(2)The new product sells well. 这新产品很畅销。 对比：
The books sell well. (主动句) The books were sold out. (被动句) The meat didn’t cook well. (主动句) The meat was cooked for a long time. (被动句)
初中英语主动语态变被动语态的句子练习题及答案
【转载】初中英语
被动语态专项练习及答案
2012-11-28 21:24:40| 分类： 语法专讲专练 | 标签： |举报 |字号大中小 订阅
被动语态专项练习 一、选择题（2×15=30分）
( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build
( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week.
A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened
( )3.Cotton（棉花） ____ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow
( )4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.
A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited ( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives
( )6.How many trees ____ this year?
A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted
( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.
A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done
( )8.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used
( )9.The Great Wall ____ all over the world.
A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known
( )10.Who _____ this book _____?
A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written
( )11.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.
A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us
( )12.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump
( )13.The school bag ___ behind the chair.
A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put
( )14.Older people ____ well.
A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after
( )15.Our teacher ______ carefully.
A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened 二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。（1×20=20分）(请注意时态和语态两个方面噢)
1.It's said(据说) that the long bridge______________（build）in two months．
2.Where to have the meeting ______________ （discuss）now． 3.Which language _______the most widely_______（speak）in the world？
4.The lost boy_____________（not find）so far．
5.Last year a large number of trees______________（cut）down． 6. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.
7. The old man is ill. He ______ (must send) to the hospital. 8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.
9. What _______ knives ______ (make) of ? They_______________(make) of metal(金属) and wood. 10. Can the magazine ________ (take) out of the library? 11. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day. 12. The stars can’t _____________ (see) in the daytime. 13. Some flowers _______________ (water) by Li Ming already.
14. This kind of shoes __________ (sell) well. 15. How long _____ your uncle ______(be) in the city?
16. The food _____________ (smell) delicious. 17. Look! Someone __________(dance).
三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。 （1×30=30分） 1.Is tea grown in South China？（改为主动语态） _______ people _________ tea in South China？
2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year．（同义句转换）
A birthday present _______ _______ _______ _______by my parents every year．
3.The work is going to be finished in two days. (对划线提问) How_______ _______ the work going to be finished ? 4. The children will sing an English song. (改为被动语态) An English song ______ ______ _______ by the children.
5. You needn't do it now. (改为被动语态) It ______ ________ ________ by you now. 6. People use metal for making machines. (改为被动语态) Metal ________ _________ _______making machines.
7. He made me do that for him. (改为被动语态) I ______ ________ ________ ______ that for him.
8.They are watching the football match.
The football match _______ _______ _______ by them. 9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago? (改为被动语态) __________ a bridge ____________ here by them a year ago? 10.They have sold out the light green dresses. (改为被动语态) The light green dresses ________ _________ ___________ out.
11.We call the game “Lianliankan”. (改为被动语态) The game _______ ________ “Lianliankan” by us. 四、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。 (1×10=10分)
①The new bike ______ ______ _____ _____ （买给我）by my parents as a present last week．
②_______ your mobile phone _______ _______ ________（是国产的吗）？
③The whole mountain is _________ _________ (覆盖) the snow. 五、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。 （10分） ①I have a lot of homework to be done tonight． ____________ ②Is your history teacher listened carefully in class？ ____________ ③Lei Feng's name remembered by all Chinese people． ____________
④The music is sounded beautiful. ____________ ⑤By who was this new educational CD-ROM designed ? _____________
Answers
一、选择题（2×15=30分）
1. B2. D3.A 4. C5. 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.C 10. B11.B 12.D 13.B 14. B15.A
二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。（1×20=20分）(请注意时态和语态两个方面噢)
1.will be built 2. is being discussed 3. is spoken 4. hasn’t been found 5. were cut 6.are told 7. must be sent 8. are sold 9.are made , are made 10. be taken 11.is cleaned 12. be seen 13. have been watered
14. sells 15. has been 16. smells 17 is dancing 三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。 （1×30=30分）
1.Do, grow 2. is given to me 3.soon is 4. will be sung5. needn’t be done 6. is used for 7. was made to do
8. is being watched 9. was built 10. have been sold 11. is called
四、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。 (1×10=10分) ① was bought for me ② Is made in China ③ covered with 五、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。 （10分）
①be done改为 do② listened改为 listened to ③ remembered 改为 was remembered
④ is sounded 改为sounds ⑤By who 改为 By whom
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