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不带to的不定式用法

2020-07-23 来源:乌哈旅游


不带to的不定式用法之袁州冬雪创作

动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,它具有名词、形容词、副词的特征,因此在句子里用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、定语、状语和表语.但在某些布

局中,不定式又往往不带to,现将有关不定式不带to的用法大致综述如下:

1.用在感觉动词see,watch,notice,look at,hear,listen to,feel等后,作为宾语补足语,动词不定式不带to.如:

We often heard them sing.我们常常听到他们唱歌.

I saw her walk into the headmaster's office.我看见她走进了校长办公室.

2.用在使役动词make,let,have等后,作为宾语补足语,动词不定式不带to.如:

What makes you think I'm a farmer?你怎么认为我是一个农平易近?

Now let me hear you play.现在让我听你演奏.

I'll have my brother repair the radio for you.我要让我哥哥给你修理收音机.

注意:感觉动词see,hear,watch,notice,feel,look at,listen to和使役动词let,make,have等用于主动语态时,动词不定式作为主语补足语则要带to.如:

She was heard to sing in the next room.有人听到她在隔壁房间里唱歌.

3.用在 had better,had best(最好), would rather(甘愿), may/might as well (最好), cannot but (不克不及不, 必定, 不克不及不), can not help but (不克不及不) , can not choose but (不克不及不,只好), 等布局后,词不定式不带to.如:

I'd better go and look for him.我最好现在就去找他.

You'd best get there before lunch.你最好午饭前到达那儿.

We would rather wait till tomorrow.我们甘愿等到今天.

4.两个或两个以上句法功能相同的动词不定式并列使用时,通常只是第一个动词不定式带to,后面的动词不定式则不带to.如:

So he decided to go and get some medicine for his cough.因此他决议去买点咳嗽药.

They began to read and write.他们开端读和写.

5.用在“Will you please+动词不定式”一类暗示邀请或饬令的句型中,动词不定式不带to.如:

Will you please bring me some chicken?请你给我带点鸡肉来好吗?

Will you please ask her to call me tomorrow?请你让她今天给我打个电话好吗?

6.用在由“Why…”或“Why not…”一类暗示建议的句型中,动词不定式不带to.

如:

Why not join us?(=Why won't you join us?)为什么不加入到我们当中来呢?

Why spend so much money?为什么花这么多钱呢?

7.用在助动词will,shall,would,do和情态动词can,may,must,need,dare等后,动词不定式不带to.如:

I can sing in English.我会用英语唱.

I think it'll fit me quite well before long.我想这(件大衣) 很快就会合身的.

Unfair!How dare you say that?不公平!你怎么敢这么说?

注意:ought to,have to中的to不克不及少.dare和need用作实义动词时,它后面的动词不定式要带to.如:

The girl doesn't dare to swim in the river.这女孩不敢在河里游泳.

8.用在动词help后作为宾语补足语,动词不定式既可以带to,也可以不带to.如:

Will you help me repair my bike?请你帮我修理一下自行车好吗?

Li Ping often helps me(to)do my lessons.李平常常帮忙我做功课.

9.用在do anything(nothing,everything)but或except一类布局后,动词不定式不带to.如:

Can't you do anything but ask silly questions?莫非你只会提些愚蠢的问题吗?

There is nothing to do except wait until the rain stops.除了静候雨停之外别无法子.

9)在make do(make do with v.设法应付; make do without在没有...的情况下, 设法应付过去), make believe (假装, 假扮), let drop(使跌下, 丢下), let fall (放下(吊桥等) ,使(帷幕)落下) , let fly (v.发射, 狠恶, 攻击), let slip(v.放走, 松开, 错过, 无意中说出), let drive at (,v.对准打),let go of (释放, 放开), leave go of(v.松手)等固定搭配中,用不带to的动词不定式.例如:

They let go of the rope.他们松开了绳子.

John let fly a torrent of abuse at me.约翰朝我痛骂了一顿.

10)当What one does/did ;The first thing one should do 等含有实意动词do的布局在句中做主语,且表语是动词不定式时,to常省略.

Eg. John was short of money then, so what he did was sell his house to pay off the debts.

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