写作常用逻辑衔接词
一、 根据衔接词本身在文章中起到的作用，主要分为以下四类，即“起”，“承”、“转”、“合”。
1. 表示“起”的词/组：用于开篇引出扩展at present 现在，当今 presently现在，此刻 currently 目前，最近 recently 最近 lately 最近
in general 一般来说
generally speaking 一般来说 on the whole 总起来说 it is said that ┅据说
it goes without saying ┅ 不用说 as a proverb goes, ┅ 俗话说得好 2. 有关“承”的常用语：用来承接上文。 after/ after that/ afterwards 此后
after a few days/ years 几天/几年以后 after a while 过了一会 later后来 soon 不久 then 然后
from now on 从此 at the same time 同时 by this time 此时 meanwhile 同时 secondly 第二 thirdly 第三 for another 其次 besides 此外
furthermore 而且；此外 moreover 而且，此外 what’s more而且；此外
at first 最初 firstly 第一
at the very beginning起初 first of all 首先
in the first place 首先，第一 to begin with 首先，第一 to start with 首先，第一
for one thing ┅ (for another) 首先┅(其次) on the one hand ┅ (on the other hand ) 一方面┅(另一方面)
in addition 此外
in addition to ┅ 除┅之外
in the same manner/ way 同样的 similarly 同样地
in other words换句话说 consequently 因此；结果 so 所以
for this purpose 为了这个目的 for example 例如 for instance 例如 such as 正如
particularly 特别地 in particular 特别(地) indeed 的确
there is no doubt that… 无疑地 obviously 明显地 of course当然
3. 有关“转”常用的词语：用来表示不同或相反的意见。 after all 毕竟 in contrast 对比之下 all the same 虽然，但是 on the contrary 相反地 conversely 相反地 even though即使 however然而；无论如何 though/ although尽管 but 但是 despite 尽管┅虽然┅ whereas┅ 然而┅ in spite of 尽管┅虽然 yet 然而；但是 nonetheless 尽管如此
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nevertheless不过；虽然如此 anyway 无论如何 in fact 事实上
as a matter of fact 事实上 especially┅ 特别地 in particular 特别地 fortunately 幸运地┅ in other words 换句话说
in the same way 同样地 unlike 不像┅；和┅不同 luckily 幸运地
unfortunately 不幸地
on the other hand 另一方面 otherwise否则 perhaps 或许
4. 有关“合”的常用词语：用于小结上文或结束本段落的内容。 above all 最重要 all in all 总之accordingly 于是
as a consequence 因此 as a result 结果
as has been stated 如前所述 as above mentioned 如上所述 as I have said 如我所述 at last 最后
at length 最后；终于 by doing so 一般来说 briefly 简单扼要地 by doing so 如此 consequently 因此 eventually 最后 finally 最后 hence 因此 in brief 简言之
in conclusion 总之；最后 in short 简言之 in a word 总之
in sum 总之，简言之 in summary 简要地说
on the whole 总起来说；整个看来 therefore 因此 thus 因此
to speak frankly 坦白地说 to sum up 总而言之 to summarize 简言之 surely 无疑
to conclude总而言之 truly 的确 so 所以
obviously 显然
certainly 肯定；无疑
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二、根据衔接词本身的意思和文章连接所需要的逻辑意义，可分为以下十四类
1.表示因果关系 as a result 结果
eg. He never studied hard, and as a result he failed in the last examination. as a result of 因为，由于
eg. He is late for work as a result of traffic accident. accordingly 于是
eg. He wanted to buy a radio for study English, and accordingly her mother bought it for him. because（of）因为，由于
eg. We are delayed because of a traffic jam. due to 因为，由于
eg. His success is due to his excellent work.
eg. Owing to his absence, our meeting is not held. thanks to 多亏了
eg. Thanks to a good teacher, she passed the examination. now that 既然
eg. Now that you have grown up, you must earn for yourself. so long as 只要…就…
eg. You could accomplish your dream so long as you try it again and again.. since 既然
eg. Since you are here now, you’d better give a hand. on account of 因为，由于
eg. We delayed our departure on account of the bad weather. in that 因为
eg. The policy is harmful in that it may encourage people to give up. so that 所以
eg. The office speaks at the top of his voice so that every soldier could hear him. consequently 因此
eg. It rained so heavy, consequently, we cancelled the plan to climb the mountain. hence 因此
eg. It is 12 p.m. now, hence you must take a sleep. therefore 因此
eg. There is a calculating mistakes there, therefore, the answer is wrong.
2.表示解释关系
as a matter of fact 事实上
eg. I will go there this morning, as a matter of fact, I am only 10 minutes, drive from you. as well 也
eg. I will go there. My friend will go with me as well. frankly speaking 坦白来说
eg. Frankly speaking, I am not very satisfied with your words. in this case 既然这样
eg. In this case, I will go there as soon as possible.
3.表示推理关系 or else 否则
eg. Hurry up, or else you’ll be late. otherwise 否则
eg. You must carry this passport, otherwise you will be stopped by the guard. if so 如果那样的话
eg. If so, it will make a great difference. so that implies 那表明
eg. He is in panic now, so that implies he is lying. to put it more precisely 更精确地说
eg. He is rather strong, to put it more precisely, he is a little sturdy. under no circumstances 在任何情况下都不，绝不 eg. Under no circumstances will I go there.
4.表示递进关系 additionally 此外
eg. I like playing cards, additionally, playing chess is also my favorite. in addition 此外
eg. I need your help. In addition, I also need her support. besides 此外
eg. First, we must work hard. Besides, we must work with a creative mind. and moreover 而且，此外
eg. The hat is the right size for you, and moreover, it goes well with your skin. that is to say 就是说
eg. The stock price is declining, that is to say, I am losing money. furthermore 而且，此外
eg. She is kind, and furthermore, she’s beautiful. in other words 换句话说
eg. I am not hungry, in other words, I really dislike the food in this canteen. equally important 同样重要的是
eg. You should read more news from newspapers, and equally important, keep an eye news from the radio.
what’s more 而且，此外
eg. It is harmful to my health, and what’s more, it is no good to my work. last but not the least 最后
eg. Last but not least, my thanks should go to every member of my class.
5． 表示比较关系 equally 同样地
eg. As a teacher, I should teach well, but equally, I should study well. in comparison with 和…相比
eg. In comparison with the red one, I would like to choose the blue cap. in the same way 同样地
eg. It is such a coincidence that we figure it out in the same way.
on the
in contrast to 和…相反
eg. In contrast to your belief, I quite disagree with you. instead 代替，顶替
eg. If you don’t go, I’ll go instead. on the contrary 相反
eg. You think I like it. On the contrary, I dislike it. in contrast 对比之下
eg. It is hot in the daytime, but in contrast it’s very cold at night. while 但是
eg. We are happy in China, while most Africans live unhappily.
6.表示选择关系
alternatively 作为选择，二者选一地
eg. You may take the exam. Alternatively you take another one next year. either…or 或者…或者…
eg. Either you or I will go there. rather than 而不是
eg. In this matter, the parents should be blamed rather than the children. instead of 而不是
eg. You should be reading books instead of lying there in bed. not …but 不是…而是
eg. She is not an English teacher, but a German student. whether…or not 是否
eg. I wonder whether you will come or not this afternoon. neither…nor 既不…也不
eg. Neither you nor I will go there. He will come this afternoon.
7.表示转折关系 although 尽管
eg. Although he is old, he still work every day. despite尽管，不管
eg. I will visit him despite the heavy snow. at the same time 同时，但是
eg. The little kid brings troubles, but at the same time you can’t help liking him. even though 即使
eg. Even though she is late, she walks slow. however 可是
eg. I planned to go there, however, the incident suddenly interrupts my normal work. in spite of 不管
eg. In spite of the boy’s honesty, the teacher is still very angry. instead 改为
eg. It is too hot to go shopping, let’s watch TV at home instead. nevertheless 尽管这样
eg. Nevertheless, I would try to make a remedy.
regardless 不管，不顾
eg. Regardless of age, sex, race and economic level, all men are equal. notwithstanding 虽然，尽管
eg. I have determined, notwithstanding your disapproval. on the contrary 正相反
eg. I used to think that the result will be good. On the contrary, it turns out to be bad. still 尽管如此
eg. It’s raining cats and dogs outside. Still, I will visit him. though 虽然，尽管
eg. I will visit him, though it is raining there. otherwise 否则
eg. We must be hurry, otherwise we cannot catch the bus. while 虽然，但是
eg. Sadness is beautiful while loneliness is tragical. yet 然而，但是
eg. He is sentimental sometimes, yet I still like him.
8.表示总结关系 all in all 总而言之
eg. All in all, we must cope it well briefly 简而言之
eg. Briefly, I agree with you on the matter. in conclusion 最后，总之
eg. In conclusion, the first opinion is much more reasonable than the latter idea. in summary 简要地说
eg. In summary, we cannot fully believe what we heard from others. to sum up 总而言之
eg. To sum up, teaching student is not an easy task to perform. on the whole 总体来说，整个来看
eg. On the whole, the book is extremely valuable. in all 总而言之
eg. In all, it’s great to be a father. in short 简而言之
eg. In short, actions speak louder than words. in brief 简言之
eg. In brief, to help others is to help yourself. in a word 总之
eg. In a word, we will win while they will lose. in terms 明确地，毫不含糊地
eg. In practical terms, I believe it will work. in sum 总之，简而言之
eg. In sum, it is great to be a teacher. to summarize 简而言之
eg. To summarize, spare the rod, spoil the children,
to conclude 总而言之
eg. To conclude, it is true that we should pay more attention to this problem.
9.表示次序关系
above all 最重要，首先
eg. Above all, remember to call me when you arrive. afterwards 然后，后来
eg. We played the whole day and afterwards walked home together in the evening. eventually 最后，终于
eg. Eventually, he rose to the position of vice president. first/firstly/first of all 首先，第一
eg. First（ly）/first of all, I’ll mention the history. second/secondly 第二
eg. Second/secondly, I will mention the present. furthermore 此外，而且
eg. Furthermore, it is not good enough in this respect. finally 最后
eg. Finally, I agree with you on this matter. last but not least 最后
eg. Last but not least, my personal effort also play a small role in the accomplishment of the task.
to conclude 总而言之
eg. To conclude, life is not a battle if you want to be a normal man. lastly 最后
eg. Lastly, I must say it will be remembered by people around the world. in the end 最后
eg. In the end, they parted each other at the cross road.
10.表示强调关系
above all 最重要，首先
eg. Above all, the good policy makes us dare to be rich. of course 当然
eg. Of course you will fall behind if you don’t study harder. indeed 确实
eg. I am indeed very glad to see you are well and sound. most important 最重要
eg. Most important, it is a book for sale first. with great emphasis on 特别强调
eg. He delivered a speech with great emphasis on the solar energy. 11.表示过渡关系
as regards 关于，至于
eg. As regards your school report, I don’t quite agree. as to/as for 关于，至于
eg. She’s very uncertain as to where he is now.
by the way 顺便提一下
eg. By the way, there is a letter for you in the president’s office. with reference to 关于
eg. With reference to further information, please let me know. with regard to 关于
eg. With regard to your score in last examination, I am afraid it is not a good news for you. regarding 关于
eg. It is a book regarding the War at Hastings. concerning 关于
eg. Nobody has the information concerning his whereabouts. talking of 谈到
eg. Talking of philosophy, I know little about it. incidentally 顺便提到
eg. Incidentally, your proposal has drawn most people’s attention. to resume 再继续
eg. To resume our discussion, how do you think of Lincoln? to get back to the point 话说回来
eg. To get back to the point, have you ever visited Mr Johnson?
12表示举例关系 as follows 如下
eg. The reasons are as follows. a case in point 举个恰当的例子
eg. A case in point, Qingdao is such a beautiful city. for example 例如
eg. For example, Chairman Mao is such a great hero. for instance 例如
eg. There are many advantages, for instance, it can make your book perfect. including 包括
eg. There are many children there, including a two-year-old baby. to illustrate 为了阐明问题
eg. To illustrate, I can give you many examples.
13.表示同指关系
that is 即，就是，换句话说
eg. There are two persons there, that is, Tom and Jack. in other word 换句话说
eg. In other words, we must finish it before he comes. that is to say 即，就是，换句话说
eg. Let’s go back to the original plan, that is to say, you must go there.
14.表示时间关系
after a while 不久，过了一会儿
eg. After a while, he came back with smile on his face.
afterwards 然后，后来
eg. Tom came in for a cup of tea, then he went out soon afterwards. at last 终于
eg. At last, we succeed.
as long as 只要，在…的时候
eg. You may borrow this book as long as you return it. at length 最后
eg. At length he told us the truth.. at that time 在那时
eg. At that time, all people are poor. eventually 最后，终于
eg. We waited for her on and on, and eventually she came. finally 最后，终于
eg. After a heated discussion, finally he gave up. in the past 在过去
eg. In the past he was very naughty. meanwhile 与此同时
eg. Tom was listening to the radio, and meanwhile Adam was reading. presently 现在，此刻
eg. He is presently the president of the U.S. so far 迄今为止
eg. So far he’s been to China more than 3times. thereafter 其后，从那时以后
eg. Thereafter, they lived a happy life. until 直到…才
eg. I did not feel hungry until midnight. until now 到现在为止，迄今 eg. He has not come until now. when 当…时
eg. I used to listen to the radio when I was young. 15.表示条件关系
as long as 只要…就…
eg. You may borrow this book as long as you return it. if 如果
eg. If it rains, the sports meeting will be put off. on condition that 如果
eg. I can lend my bike to you on condition that you return it to me in time.
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