Unit 1 Ways of Learning Text A Learning, Chinese-Style I. Teaching Objectives and Requirements Students should be able to: 1. Grasp the main idea and structure of text A; 2. Appreciate the diffierent ways to compare and contrast; 3. Master the key language points and learn how to use them in context; 4. Understand the cultural background related to the content; 5. Write a notice in an appropriate way. II. Teaching Arrangements 1. Text analysis 2. Text analysis 3. Listening and Speaking (2 class periods) (2 class periods) (2 class periods) III. Teaching Important Points and Difficult Points: 1. Some band-4 words and phrases 2. Some sentence structures to understand 3. Writing techniques IV. Teaching Methods and Means 1. Communicative Approach Learner-centered Teaching Task-based Learning Translation Method 2. Teaching means: Multi-media and Internet resources V. Teaching Procedures Procedure one I. Warm-up Activities: Introductory remarks (5 minutes) Ask students to look at two pictures (Fall and Refuse to eat) and answer the following questions: 1 Suppose you were a parent, what would you do on the above occasions? 中 原 工 学 院 教 案 专 用 纸 第 2 页 2. What would an American parent probably do on the above occasions? II. Background Information (10 minutes) Differences in Chinese and American Education systems 1 Group presentation (Group 1) (5 minutes) Ask students to give presentation on this topic. 2 Teacher’s summary (5 minutes) 2.1The difference in structure system American schools: both public and private, consist of 12 years of grades—basically 8 years of elementary school and 4 years of high school. Chinese schools: compulsory twelve-year schooling. It includes six years in primary school, three years in junior high school and three years in senior high school. 2.2 The difference in management system American schools: freedom Chinese schools: Many rules 2.3 Educational Model Chinese schools: accumulate and indoctrinate knowledge American schools: use, exploit or create knowledge 2.4 University entrance examination American students: easy to enter college Chinese students: shoulder more stress 2.5 Puppy love America: open minded, permission China: conservative , Strong opposition 2.6 Pocket money China: pocket money from their parents. America: from part-time jobs and scholarships Conclusion: Education can mirror the culture, and different social backgrounds and different cultures help humans create different countries. It is hard to say which education is better, but we can learn mutually. In this text, Howard Gardner, a professor of education at Harvard University, reflects on a visit to China and gives his thoughts on different approaches to learning in China and the West. Procedure two 中 原 工 学 院 教 案 专 用 纸 第 3 页
Globing reading of the text (15 minutes) Ⅰ. Scanning (10 minutes) (Directions:) Scan Text A and decide whether the following statements are true or false. 1. Benjamin was worried that he couldn’t put the key into the box. (F) (=Benjamin was not bothered at all.) 2. In the Chinese staff’s opinion, the parents should guide Benjamin to insert the key. (T) 3. The author and his wife didn’t care whether Benjamin succeeded in inserting the key into the slot. (T) 4. For the Westerners, learning should take place by continual careful shaping and molding. (F) (= The Chinese think that learning should take place by continual careful shaping and molding.) 5. Chinese teachers hold the opinion that skills should be acquired as early as possible, while American educators think that creativity should be acquired early. (T) Ⅱ. Part Division of the Text (5 minutes) Parts Para(s). 1 2 1~5 6~13 Main Ideas The text begins with an anecdote. The author’s thoughts are mainly about different approaches to learning in China and the West. The author winds up the text with a suggestion in the form of a question. 3 14 Procedure three Detailed reading I. Part I (1-5) 1. Listen to the recording and answer the following questions: （15’） 1.1 Where and when did the incident take place? 1.2. Who are the main characters in this incident? 1.3. How does the author introduce the topic in Text A? (The key-slot anecdote.) Teacher introduces Ways of Introducing a Theme. *Stating the topic directly 中 原 工 学 院 教 案 专 用 纸 第 4 页 *Posing a question *Quoting a famous saying *Relating an anecdote or an incident 1.4. Sum up the contrast between the attitude of the couple and that of the hotel staff toward Benjamin’s efforts in inserting the key into the slot. 1)The couple: let him explore and enjoy himself. 2) The hotel staff: held his_hand_and _taught_him how to insert the key correctly. 2. Language points （20’） attach (Para.2) 1) fasten or join (one thing to another) (attach A to B; B be attached to A) E.g. A price tag was attached to each article in the supermarket. E.g.Do you attach much importance to (十分重视) what he says? 2）Syn: fasten Opp: detach 3）n. attachment: E.g. Please see the attachment of my email. find one’s way (Para.3) E.g. 虽然他醉了，但还是找回了家。 Although he was drunk, he still found his way home. assist (Para.4) v. (formal) help, support (n. assistance, assistant) Pattern: assist sb to do sth; assist sb with sth; assist sb in (doing) sth. E.g. assist sb to fill in the forms assist sb with _form-filling_ assist sb in __filling in the forms_ await (Para.4) vt. wait for E.g. He was anxiously awaiting her reply. He was anxiously waiting for her reply. occasion (Para.4) on occasion now and then, occasionally, once in a while, at times, from time to 中 原 工 学 院 教 案 专 用 纸 第 5 页 time 有时，间或 Eg. You have on occasion surprised people. occasion n. a particular time when sth. happens E.g. A: What’s the occasion? B: I got the dream girl. on the occasion of 在„之际 E.g. on the occasion of sb’s wedding neglect (Para.4) vt Give too little attention or care to E.g. 废寝忘食 neglect one’s meals and sleep E.g. 离开时别忘了锁门。 Don’t neglect to lock the door when you leave. neglect, ignore & omit neglect 指对职责、义务或者应做的事没有给予足够的注意。有意的或无意的。 E.g. Those who neglect their duties should be punished. ignore 指疏忽、不顾，强调对某人或者某物故意不理会 E.g. When I saw Tom, I stopped to greet him, but he ignored me and walked on. omit 指因为专注或疏忽而忘记某事,这种失误可能是有意或无意的 E.g. She should not omit to visit the museum. relevant (Para.5) adj. directly connected with the subject, having to do with the matter at hand (n. relevance) Eg. His color is not relevant to whether he’s a good lawyer. opp: irrelevant His color is irrelevant to (和...无关)whether he’s a good lawyer. 3. Difficult sentences (15’) 3.1. (LL. 13~15) Because of his tender age and incomplete understanding of the need to position the key just so, he would usually fail. Paraphrase the sentence. (= Because he was so young and didn’t quite know that he should position the key carefully to fit into the narrow key slot, he would usually fail.) 3.2. (L. 15) Benjamin was not bothered in the least. 1). Paraphrase the sentence. 中 原 工 学 院 教 案 专 用 纸 第 6 页 (= Benjamin was not bothered at all.) 2).Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=本杰明一点也不在意。) 3.3. (L. 30) „ and to throw light on Chinese attitudes toward creativity. Paraphrase this part of the sentence. (= And to help explain Chinese attitudes toward creativity.) II. Part II (3-5) 1. Listen to the recording and answer the following questions: (15’) 1.1 Read the first sentence of both Para 6 and Para 7, and decide what method of comparison and contrast is used here. (one-side-at-a-time method) Contrast vs. Comparison Contrast: to explain how two or more things are different Comparison: to explain how two or more things are alike Comparison and contrast: how two or more things are alike and different Useful expressions Comparison: like, the same as, alike, similar, likewise, and, as well as, also, too, just as, as do, both Contrast: unlike, in contrast to, different from, however, whereas, but, as opposed to, on the other hand Methods of Comparison and Contrast one-side-at-a-time method: examine one subject thoroughly and then start the other. Point-by-point method: examine two objects at the same time, discussing them point by point. 1.2. Sum up the contrast between Chinese and Western ways to learn to fulfill a task. The Chinese show a child how to do something, or teaching by holding hand. The Westerners teach a child to rely on himself for solutions to problems. 1.3. Read from Para 11 to Para 13. Which method of comparison and contrast is used here? Point-by-point method Point 1: Para. 11 attitudes to creativity Point 2: Para. 12 fears we both harbor 中 原 工 学 院 教 案 专 用 纸 第 7 页 Point 3: Para. 13 grey area 1.4. The contrast between the Chinese and the Western attitudes toward creativity and basic skills： The Chinese give priority to developing skills at an early age, believing that creativity can be promoted over time. The Westerners put more emphasis on fostering creativity in young children, thinking that skills can be picked up later. 2. Language points (20 minutes) exception (Para.6) n. 例外 E.g. There is an exception to this grammatical rule. with a few/few exceptions 除一些/少数例外 with the exception of 将„除外 E.g.We all laughed, with the exception of Maggie. accomplish (Para.6) vt. manage to do (sth) E.g. She has accomplished a great deal in the last few years. accomplish one’s object/goal/task/mission CF:accomplish, complete & finish 这三个词都含“完成”的意思。 accomplish 通常接task, aim, journey, voyage等名词，有时兼有取得效果之意。例如：I don’t feel our visit really accomplished anything. 我不认为我们的访问真正取了什么结果。 complete 比 accomplish 具体，可接建筑、工程、书籍等名词，指按预期目的把未完成的工作经过进一步的努力使之完成，主要涵义是补足缺少的部分。例如：The building will be completed by the end of this month. 这座楼于本月底建成。 finish 在许多情况下可与complete换用, 但不及complete正式，常含有认真仔细地完成工作的最后阶段的精工修饰，使之完美的意思。例如：Finish the work off before you leave for your holiday.你去度假前应先把工作做完。 critical (Para.7) a. 1) very important E.g. A second income is critical to (很重要) the family’s well-being. Syn. crucial, important a critical decision; a critical moment 中 原 工 学 院 教 案 专 用 纸 第 8 页 2) very serious or dangerous a critical shortage of food a critical condition； a critical illness He is still in a critical condition（处于危险状况）in hospital. facility（Para.9） n. 1) ability to do sth. easily and well E.g. have great facility in (才能)learning languages 2) (pl) equipment, aids, etc. which make easy to do things E.g. sports facilities entertainment facilities facilitate v. make easy E.g. Modern inventions have facilitated housework. apply （Para. 9） vi. 1) be pertinent or relevant The advice given by the professor only applies to (适用于)some of the college students. 2) write a letter or fill in a form in order to ask formally for sth. He decided to_apply to_ join the Students’ Union. He decided to_apply for_the Students’ Union. evolve （Para.11） vi. develop gradually evole into 进化成,发展成 evolve from/out of 由„演化而成; 从„发展而来 eg. Some people believe that we evolved from_ the apes. harbor (Para.12) 1). vt. keep (sth.) secretly in one’s mind E.g. He might be harboring a death wish. E.g. harbor thoughts of revenge 2). n. place of shelter for ships E.g. The navy has constructed an artificial harbor. E.g. All the ships stayed in the harbor during the storm. promote (Para.12) vt. 1).促进；增进；提倡 E.g. In many ways, our society actively promotes alcoholism. 我们的社会从多个方面助长了酗酒的风气。 中 原 工 学 院 教 案 专 用 纸 第 9 页 2).促销；推广；推销 E.g. Paul Weller has announced a full British tour to promote his second solo album. 保罗·韦勒已经宣布到英国巡演，以推广他的第二张专辑。 3).晋升；提升 E.g. I was promoted to editor and then editorial director... 我先是被提升为编辑，然后又晋升为编务总监。 emerge (Para.12) vi. come out E.g. Eventually the truth of the matter emerged. Pattern: emerge from/out of It emerges that „ E.g. 太阳从云层背后出现 The sun emerges from behind the clouds. E.g. It later emerged that the driver of the car had been drunk. emergence & emergency emergence: emerging emergency: a serious, unexpected situation or occurrence that demands immediate action E.g. In case of emergency, press the alarm button. E.g. the company's emergence from bankruptcy 3. Difficult sentences (15 minutes) 3.1. (LL. 37~39) …since the child is neither old enough nor clever enough to realize the desired action on his own, what possible gain is achieved by having him struggle? 1). What does the desired action refer to? (= Positioning the key carefully to fit into the slot.) 2). In your opinion, what possible gain can be achieved by having Benjamin struggle? (= Open-ended.) 3.2. (L. 52) …whether it be placing a key in a key slot, drawing a hen or making up for a misdeed… 1). Paraphrase the sentence. (= No matter whether it is placing a key in a key slot, drawing a hen or making up for some mistakes.) 2). Analyze the structure of the sentence. 中 原 工 学 院 教 案 专 用 纸 第 10 页 (= The subjunctive mood is used here. *Whether he be present or absent, we shall have to do our part.) 3.3. (LL. 80~81) …young Westerners making their boldest departures first and then gradually mastering the tradition… 1). What does making their boldest departures mean? (=Doing sth. different from an established rule or tradition.) 2). Translate this part into Chinese. (=西方的年轻人先是大胆创新，然后逐渐深谙传统。) III. Part III (6-9) 1. Questions and answers (5 minutes) There are many ways to conclude an essay. How does the author end this text? ( E ) A) Restating the main points previously mentioned. B) Proposing a solution. C) Quoting from some books or people. D) Predicting future developments. E) Making a suggestion in the form of a question. 2. Language point (5 minutes) superior: adj. better than average or than others of the same type Pattern: be superior to be superior in E.g. 敌军在数量上占优势。 The enemies were superior in numbers. E.g. 这条地毯在质量上远远比那条好。 This carpet is far superior to that one in quality. 3. Difficult sentences (10 minutes) 3.1. (LL. 98~99) But assuming that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and creativity are both worthwhile goals… Can you analyze the structure of this sentence? (= assuming + that-clause: 假定… You use assuming that when you are considering a possible situation or event, so that you can think about the consequences. *Assuming that we all work at the same rate, we should be finished by January.) 中 原 工 学 院 教 案 专 用 纸 第 11 页 3.2. (LL. 100~102) Can we gather, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills? 1). Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=我们能否从中美两个极端中寻求一种更好的教育方式，它或许能在创造力与基本技能这两极之间获得某种较好的平衡?) 2). Do you think that we can find a better way to approach education, which strikes a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills? Procedure four After Reading Ⅰ. Useful Expressions (5 minutes) 1. 被系在…上 be attached to… 2. 探索行为 exploratory behavior 3. 偶尔 on occasion 4. 父母的责任 parental duties 5. 揭示，阐明 throw light on 6. 最终目的 an ultimate purpose 7. 要做的动作 desired action 8. 所希望的结果 desirable outcome 9. 关键 critical point 10. 育儿观 value of child rearing 11. 弥补某种错误行为 making up for a misdeed 12. 回想起来 in retrospect 13. 善意的 well-intentioned 14. 前来帮助某人 come to sb.’s rescue 15. 极其熟练、温和地 with extreme facility and gentleness 16. 适用于 apply to 17. 发展到 evolve to 18. 发展创造力 promote creativity 19. 值得追求的目标 worthwhile goals II Writing Practice (30 minutes) A Brief Introduction What is a notice? As an effective means of written communication, a notice gives 中 原 工 学 院 教 案 专 用 纸 第 12 页 information published by the appropriate authority. It is intended to publicize social events, to report on matters of general interest to staff, to inform staff of instructions, change of plan, new systems and regulations, and to make the staff conform to certain arrangements, etc. Sometimes a notice can be as simple as: How to write a notice? The heading of the notice is usually in the middle of the page, in boldfaced words. For example, NOTICE ENGLISH EVENING LECTURE The main information such as time, place, should be made distinct. Give the name of the person who gives the notice. Give the date when the notice is issued if necessary. A notice should be: Attractive (so that people will NOTICE it) Simple and easy-to-read Clear and specific A Sample MEETING NOTICE April 12, 2010 A review of status of implementation of Right to Information Act, covering the following topics, will be held on April 17, 2010 (Saturday) at 11:00 AM in the Main Auditorium: 1. Review of state for uploading of manuals — shortcomings 2. Review of status for online filing of applications 3. Latest developments about implementation of RTI Act and identification of problem areas. All the Public Information Officers / officers responsible for implementation of the RTI Act are requested to make it convenient to attend the said program. DEPUTY DIRECTOR 中 原 工 学 院 教 案 专 用 纸 第 13 页
Special Lecture Notice May 20, 2010 Title：Impact of 2008 Global Financial Crisis Speaker: Prof. John Betts, University of Technology Sydney Time：6:00-9:00 PM, May 27, 2010 Place: Multimedia Classroom on 6th floor, Yifu Building Sponsored by the Students’ Union III. Proverbs and Quotations (5 minutes) 1. There is no end to learning. 学无止境。 2. What is learned in the cradle is carried to the grave. 摇篮里学到的东西终身受用。 3. Questioning is the door of knowledge. 提问为通向知识之门 IV. Conclusion and Homework 1. Finish the Exercise after text A 2. Memorize new words and phrases 3. Preview Unit 2 中 原 工 学 院 教 案 专 用 纸 第 14 页 中 原 工 学 院 教 案 专 用 纸 第 15 页 中 原 工 学 院 教 案 专 用 纸 第 16 页 中 原 工 学 院 教 案 专 用 纸 第 17 页 中 原 工 学 院 教 案 专 用 纸 第 18 页 中 原 工 学 院 教 案 专 用 纸 第 19 页 中 原 工 学 院 教 案 专 用 纸 第 20 页
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