初中英语阅读理解解题方法与技巧

上了初中以后;很多孩子会发现做阅读理解题;要么看不懂文章纠结;要么看懂了文章;题目也纠结..面对很多问题时;似是而非;总有那么几个选项貌似都对..比如说：

2.Some peacocks became ill and died because some visitors______;

A.didn’t give the many food B.gave them too much food C.threw them some bad food D.loved the mand played with them

这道题的正确选项是C;因为文章中有这么一句话：

Some of the peacocks became ill some even died after eating the bad food given by the visitors..

可见;孔雀生病或死亡是因为吃了游客扔的坏的食物导致的..

然而也不乏一些孩子选了B;他们告诉我;曾经听过动物园中动物由于吃了过多游客给的食物而撑死的;所以自己觉得应该选B..

你的孩子在做题时有没有这种“我觉得;我以为呢 ”;如果有;一定要告诉孩子;那是万万要不得的..

做阅读理解题;一定要记得“忠于原文;切忌主观臆断”..

下面就常考的几大阅读题类型如何解答作一总结;以供家长或孩子们参考.. 1.主旨大意型

做这类题;要找准主题句..每段的主题句常在首句、尾句、首尾句、段落中和归纳分析一般都用来表示一个段落的主旨大意..

然后根据文章意思全面理解而归纳概括出来的;但不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全..

1干扰项可能属文中某个具体事实或细节..

2干扰项可能属从文中某些不完全的事实或细节片面推出的错误结论.. 3干扰项可能属非文章事实的主观臆断.. 请看以下文章：

In the 1930s;a lot of people in the USA were out of work. Among these people was a man named Alfred Butts. He always had an interest in word games and to fill his time he planned a game which he called“Lexico”.However;he was not completely satisfied with the game;so he made a number of changes to it and changed its name from“Lexico”to“Alph”and then to“CrissCross”.He wanted to make some money from his new game but he didn’t have any real commercial商业性的success..

Q：The text is mainly about________..

A.Lexico B.Three men C.Aword game D.Alfred Butts

很显然这道题最佳答案应该是D;因为文章的每一句话都描述的是Alfred Butts所做的事情..而A和C都有些以偏概全.. 2.事实细节型

解题原则：忠于原文;联系上下文;理清全篇的逻辑关系;决不能主观臆断.. 有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行提问;所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案..所以一定要将题干所涉及信息在原文中找到;找出最贴近原话的选项.. 3.词义猜测型

同义法常在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or;它们连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的;由此可以推测..

反义法如hot and cold;give and receive等;或前句为肯定;后句为否定..总之;词与词间都起着互为线索的作用..

释义法对文章中的生词用定语从句、表语甚至用逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加以解释说明..

情景推断法、代词替代法等 例如：Most women in Ghana--the educated and illiterate;the urban and rural;the young and old work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers..

Q：Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word“illiterate” A.repeat B.reiterated C.uneducated D.sick

在本题中;即使我们不认识illiterate这个词;urban和rural也不认识;但没关系;大家一定认识young and old;那么我们就可以推测educated和illiterate一定也是一对反义词或对应词;所以不难判断出答案为C..其中educated受过教育的;那自然illiterate便是没有受过教育的; 4.推理判断型

透过现象看本质;领悟作者思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等..

以原文内容为前提;据作者的观点理论非考生观点;客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断;做出一定解释.. 做题要领：

既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思;又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断;力求从作者的角度去考虑;不要固守自己的看法或观点..