为了让大家更好地模拟真实考场，文都网校四六级完全按照真题卷面顺序排版了本套真题，PartI写作部分被放在了试卷的最后一页，与听力部分完全隔开，请大家在备考过程中提早适应卷面顺序！PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)
SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1.A)Asix-month-longnegotiation.B)Preparationsfortheparty.2.A)Takeweddingphotos.B)Advertisehercompany.C)Aprojectwithatroublesomeclient.D)Giftwrappingforthecolleagues.C)Startasmallbusiness.D)Throwacelebrationparty.13.A)Hesitant.B)Nervous.A)Startherownbakery.B)Improveherbakingskill.C)Flattered.D)Surprised.C)Sharehercookingexperience.D)Preparefoodforthewedding.4.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.5.A)Theyhavetospendmoretimestudying.2B)Theyhavetoparticipateinclubactivities.C)Theyhavetobemoreresponsibleforwhattheydo.D)Theyhavetochooseaspecificacademicdiscipline.6.A)Getreadyforacareer.B)Makealotoffriends.7.C)Setalong-termgoal.D)Behavelikeadults.A)Thosewhoshareheracademicinterests.C)Thosewhocanhelpherwhensheisinneed.B)Thosewhorespectherstudentcommitments.D)Thosewhogotothesameclubsasshedoes.8.A)Thosehelpfulfortappingtheirpotential.B)Thoseconducivetoimprovingtheirsocialskills.C)Thosehelpfulforcultivatingindividualinterests.D)Thoseconducivetotheiracademicstudies.SectionB
Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.9.A)Theybreakawayfromtraditionalwaysofthinking.B)Theyarepreparedtoworkharderthananyoneelse.C)Theyaregoodatrefiningoldformulas.D)Theybringtheirpotentialintofullplay.10.A)Theycontributedtothepopularityofskiingworldwide.B)Theyresultedinabrandnewstyleofskiingtechniques.C)Theypromotedthescientificuseofskiingpoles.D)Theymadeexplosivenewsinthesportsworld.11.A)Hewasrecognizedasageniusintheworldofsports.B)Hecompetedinallmajorskiingeventsintheworld.C)HewonthreegoldmedalsinoneWinterOlympics.D)Hebrokethreeworldskiingrecordsinthreeyears.Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.12.A)Theyappearrestless.B)Theyloseconsciousness.C)Theybecomeupset.D)Theydiealmostinstantly.13.A)Ithasaninstanteffectonyourbodychemistry.B)Itkeepsreturningtoyoueverynowandthen.C)Itleavesyouwithalong-lastingimpression.D)Itcontributestotheshapingofyourmind.314.A)Tosucceedwhilefeelingirritated.B)Tofeelhappywithoutgoodhealth.15.A)Theyarecloselyconnected.B)Theyfunctioninasimilarway.C)Tobefreefromfrustrationandfailure.D)Toenjoygoodhealthwhileindarkmoods.C)Theyaretoocomplextounderstand.D)Theyreinforceeachotherconstantly.SectionC
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.16.A)Theydifferintheirappreciationofmusic.B)Theyfocustheirattentionondifferentthings.C)Theyfingerthepianokeysindifferentways.D)Theychoosedifferentpiecesofmusictoplay.17.A)Theymanagetocooperatewellwiththeirteammates.B)Theyuseeffectivetacticstodefeattheircompetitors.C)Theytryhardtomeetthespectators’expectations.D)Theyattachgreatimportancetohighperformance.A)Itmarksabreakthroughinbehavioralscience.B)Itadoptsaconventionalapproachtoresearch.C)Itsupportsapieceofconventionalwisdom.D)Itgivesrisetocontroversyamongexperts.18.Questions19to21arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.19.A)People’senvyofslimmodels.B)People’scrazeforgoodhealth.A)Theyappearvigorous.B)Theyappearstrange.C)Theincreasingrangeoffancyproducts.D)Thegreatvarietyofslimmingproducts.C)Theylookcharming.D)Theylookunhealthy.C)Peerpressure.D)Mediainfluence.20.21.A)Cultureandupbringing.B)Wealthandsocialstatus.Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustbeard.22.A)Therelationbetweenhairandskin.B)Thegrowinginterestinskinstudies.23.A)Thenecessitytosaveenergy.B)Adaptationtothehotenvironment.4C)Thecolorofhumanskin.D)Theneedofskinprotection.C)Theneedtobreathewithease.D)Dramaticclimatechangesonearth.24.A)Leavesandgrass.B)Man-madeshelter.25A)Theirgeneticmakeupbegantochange.B)Theircommunitiesbegantogrowsteadily.C)Theirskincoloring.D)Hairontheirskin.C)Theirchildrenbegantomixwitheachother.D)Theirpaceofevolutionbegantoquicken.PartIIISectionA
ReadingComprehension(40minutes)
Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Steelisvaluedforitsreliability,butnotwhenitgetscold.Mostformsofsteel26becomebrittle(脆的)attemperaturesbelowabout-25℃unlesstheyaremixedwithothermetals.Now,though,anoveltypeofsteelhasbeendevelopedthatresists27atmuchlowertemperatures,whileretainingitsstrengthandtoughness—withouttheneedforexpensive28.Steel’sfragilityatlowtemperaturesfirstbecameamajorconcernduringtheSecondWorldWar.AfterGermanU-boatstorpedoed(用鱼雷攻击)numerousBritishships,a2700-strongfleetofcheap-and-cheerful“Libertyships”wasintroducedtoreplacethelostvessels,providingalifelineforthe29British.Butthesteelshellsofhundredsoftheships30intheicynorthAtlantic,and12brokeinhalfandsank.Brittlenessremainsaproblemwhenbuildingsteelstructuresincoldconditions,suchasoilrigsintheArctic.Soscientistshave31tofindasolutionbymixingitwithexpensivemetalssuchasnickel.YuujiKimuraandcolleaguesinJapantriedamorephysical32.Ratherthanaddingothermetals,theydevelopedacomplexmechanicalprocessinvolvingrepeatedheatingandveryseveremechanicaldeformation,knownastempforming.Theresultingsteelappearstoachieveacombinationofstrengthandtoughnessthatis33tothatofmodernsteelsthatareveryrichinalloycontentand,therefore,veryexpensive.Kimura’steamintendstouseitstempformedsteeltomakeultra-highstrengthparts,suchasbolts.Theyhopetoreduceboththenumberof34neededinaconstructionjobandtheirweight—byreplacingsolidsupportswith35tubes,forexample.Thiscouldreducetheamountofsteelneededtomakeeverythingfromautomobilestobuildingsandbridges.A)abruptlyB)additivesC)approachD)ardentlyE)besiegedF)channelG)comparableH)componentsI)crackedJ)fracturesK)hollowL)relevantM)reshuffledN)strivedO)violent5SectionB
Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstate-mentcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.CompaniesAreWorkingwithConsumerstoReduceWaste[A]Asconsumers,weareverywasteful.Annually,theworldgenerates1.3billiontonsofsolidwaste.Thisisexpectedtogoupto2.2billionby2025.Thedevelopedcountriesareresponsiblefor44%ofwaste,andintheU.S.alone,theaveragepersonthrowsawaytheirbodyweightinrubbisheverymonth.[B]Conventionalwisdomwouldseemtosuggestthatcompanieshavenoincentivetolengthenthelifecycleoftheirproductsandreducetherevenuetheywouldgetfromsellingnewgoods.Yet,moreandmorebusinessesarethinkingabouthowtoreduceconsumerwaste.Thisispartlydrivenbytherisingpriceofrawmaterialsandmetals.Itisalsopartlyduetobothconsumersandcompaniesbecomingmoreawareoftheneedtoprotectourenvironment.[C]Whenchoosingwhatproductstobuyandwhichbrandstobuyfrom,moreandmoreconsumersarelookingintosustainability.Thisisopposedtojustpriceandperformancetheywereconcernedaboutinthepast.Inasurveyof54oftheworld’sleadingbrands,almostallofthemreportedthatconsumersareshowingincreasingcareaboutsustainablelifestyles.Atthesametime,surveysonconsumersintheU.S.andtheU.K.showthattheyalsocareaboutminimizingenergyuseandreducingwaste.[D]Forthemostpart,consumerscontrolwhathappenstoaproduct.Butsomecompaniesarerealizingthatplacingtheburdenofrecyclingentirelyontheconsumerisnotaneffectivestrategy,especiallywhentossingsomethingawayseemsliketheeasiestandmostconvenientoption.[E]Someretailersandmanufacturersintheclothing,footwear,andelectronicsindustrieshavelaunchedenvironmentalprograms.Theywanttomaketheircustomersinterestedinpreservingtheirproductsandpreventingthingsthatstillhavevaluefromgoingtothegarbagedump.Byofferingservicestohelpexpandthelongevityoftheirproducts,they’repromisingqualityanddurabilitytoconsumers,andreceivingthereputationalgainsforbeingenvironmentallyfriendly.[F]Forexample,theSwedishjeanscompanyNudieJeansoffersfreerepairattwentyoftheirshops.Insteadofdiscardingtheiroldworn-outjeans,customersbringthemintoberenewed.Thecompanyevenprovidesmail-orderrepairkitsandonlinevideos,sothatcustomerscanlearnhowtofixapairofjeansathome.Theirphilosophyisthatextendingthelifeofapairofjeansisnotonlygreatfortheenvironment,butallowstheconsumertogetmorevalueoutoftheirproduct.Whencustomersdowanttotosstheirpair,theycangivethembacktothestore,whichwillrepurposeandresellthem.Anotherclothingcom-pany,Patagonia,ahigh-endoutdoorclothingstore,followsthesameprinciple.IthaspartneredwithDIYwebsiteiFixittoteachconsumershowtorepairtheirclothing,suchaswaterproofouterwear,athome.Thecompanyalsooffersarepairprogramfortheircustomersforamodestfee.Currently,Patagoniarepairsabout40,000garmentsayearintheirReno,Nevada,servicecenter.Accordingtothecompany’sCEO,RoseMarcario,thisisaboutbuildingacompanythatcaresabouttheenvironment.Atthesametime,offeringrepairsupportstheperceivedqualityofitsproducts.6[G]InBrazil,themultinationalcorporationAdidashasbeenrunningashoe-recyclingprogramcalled“SustainableFootprint”since2012.CustomerscanbringshoesofanybrandintoanAdidasstoretobeshreddedandturnedintoalternativefuelsforenergycreationinsteadofbeingburnedastrash.Theyareusedtofuelcementovens.Tomotivatevisitorstobringinmoreoldshoes,AdidasBrazilpromotestheprograminstoresbyshowingvideostoeducatecustomers,anditevenoffersadiscounteachtimeacustomerbringsinanoldpairofshoes.ThisbooststhereputationandimageofAdidasbymakingpeoplemoreawareofthecompany’svalues.[H]Enormousopportunitiesalsoliewithe-waste.Itisestimatedthatin2014theworldproducedsome42millionmetrictonsofe-waste(discardedelectricalandelectronicequipmentanditsparts)withNorthAmericaandEuropeaccountingfor8and12millionmetrictonsrespectively.Thematerialsfrome-wasteincludeiron,copper,gold,silver,andaluminum—materialsthatcouldbereused,resold,salvaged,orrecycled.Together,thevalueofthesemetalsisestimatedtobeabout$52billion.ElectronicsgiantslikeBestBuyandSamsunghaveprovidede-wastetake-backprogramsoverthepastfewyears,whichaimtorefurbish(翻新)oldelectroniccomponentsandpartsintonewproducts.[I]Forothercompaniesinterestedinreducingwaste,helpingtheenvironment,andprovidingthesustainablelifestylesthatconsumersseek,herearesomefirststepsforbuildingarelationshipwithcustomersthatfocusesonrecyclingandrestoringvaluetoproducts:[J]Findpartners.Ifyouareamanufacturerwhoreliesonoutsidedistributors,thenretailersaretheidealpartnerforcollectingoldproducts.PowertoolmakerDeWaltpartnerswithcompanies,suchasLowesandNapaAutoParts,tocollectoldtoolsattheirstoresforrecycling.Thepartnershipbenefitsbothsidesbyallowingunconventionalpartners(forexample,twocompaniesfromtwodifferentindustries)toworktogetheronaspecificaspectofthevaluechain,like,inthisexample,anenginefirmwithanaccessoryone.[K]Createincentives.Environmentalconscientiousnessisn’talwaysenoughtomakeconsumersrecycleoldgoods.Forinstance,DeWaltdiscoveredthatmanycontractorswereholdingontotheiroldtools,eveniftheynolongerworked,becausetheywereexpensivepurchasesanditwashardtojustifybringingthemintorecycle.Byofferinginstantdiscountsworthasmuchas$100,DeWaltlaunchedatrade-inprogramtoencouragepeopletobringbacktools.Asaresult,Dewaltnowreusesthosematerialstocreatenewproducts.[L]Startwithatrialprogram,andexpecttochangethedetailsasyougo.Anytake-backprogramwilllikelychangeovertime,dependingonwhatworksforyourcustomersandcompanygoals.Maybeyouseelowcustomerparticipationatfirst,orconversely,somuchsuccessthatthecostofrecyclingbecomestoohigh.BestBuy,forinstance,hasbeenbearingthelion’sshareofe-wastevolumesincetwoofitslargestcompetitors,AmazonandWal-mart,donothavetheirownrecyclingprograms.Sincethelaunchofitsprogram,BestBuychangeditspolicytoadda$25feeforrecyclingoldtelevisionsinordertokeeptheprogramgoing.[M]Buildacultureofcollectivevalueswithcustomers.Astrongerrelationshipbetweentheretailer/producerandtheconsumerisn’tjustaboutfinancialincentives.Bycreatingmoreawarenessaroundyoureffortstoreducewaste,andbydevelopingacultureofresponsibility,repair,andreuse,youcanbuildcustomerloyaltybasedonsharedvaluesandresponsibilities.[N]Theseexamplesarejustthetipoftheiceberg,buttheydemonstratehowhelpingcustomersgetmore7useoftheirmaterialscantransformvaluechainsandoperations.Reducingwastebyincorporatingusedmaterialsintoproductioncancutcostsanddecreasethepriceofprocurement(采购):lesstobeprocuredfromtheoutsideandmoretobere-utilizedfromtheinside.[O]Companiesplayabigroleincreatingacirculareconomy,inwhichvalueisgeneratinglessfromextractingnewresourcesandmorefromgettingbetteruseoutoftheresourceswealreadyhave—buttheymustalsogetcustomersengagedintheprocess.36.Somecompaniesbelievethatproducts’prolongedlifespanbenefitsboththeenvironmentandcustomers.37.Asurveyshowsshopperstodayaregettingmoreconcernedaboutenergyconservationandenvironmentalprotectionwhendecidingwhattobuy.38.Companiescanbuildcustomerloyaltybycreatingapositivecultureofenvironmentalawareness.39.Whencompanieslaunchenvironmentalprograms,theywillhavetheirbrandreputationenhanced.40.Onemultinationalcompanyoffersdiscountstocustomerswhobringinoldfootweartobeusedasfuel.41.Recyclingusedproductscanhelpmanufacturersreduceproductioncosts.42.Electronicproductscontainvaluablemetalsthatcouldberecovered.43.Itseemscommonlybelievedthatcompaniesarenotmotivatedtoprolongtheirproducts’lifespan.44.Itisadvisableforcompaniestopartnerwitheachotherinproductrecycling.45.Somebusinesseshavebeguntorealizeitmaynotbeeffectivetoletconsumerstakefullresponsibilityforrecycling.SectionC
Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.EffectiveFriday,ScreenActorsGuild-AmericanFederationofTelevisionandRadioArtists(SAG-AF-TRA)hasdeclaredastrikeagainst11videogamepublishersovergamesthatwentintoproductionafterFeb.17,2015.Thecompaniesincludesomeoftheheavyweightsoftheindustry,likeElectronicArtsProductions,InsomniacGames,ActivisionandDisney.Thestrikecomesinlightofanunsuccessful19monthsofnegotiationsaftertheexistinglaborcontractknownastheInteractiveMediaAgreementexpiredinlate2014.Overall,thestrikeisanefforttoprovidemoresecondarycompensationalongwithotherconcerns,suchastransparencyuponhiringtalentandon-set8(制作中)safetyprecautions.Thevideogamingindustryhasballoonedinrecentyears.TheLosAngelesTimesreportsthattheindus-tryisinthemidstofanintenseincreaseincashflow.In2015,gamingproduced$23.5billionindomesticrevenue.ButSAG-AFTRAsaysvoiceactorsdon’treceiveresiduals(追加酬金)fortheirgamingwork.Instead,theyreceiveafixedrate,whichistypicallyabout$825forastandardfour-hourvocalsession.Sothevoiceactorsarepushingfortheideaofsecondarycompensation—aperformancebonuseverytimeagamesells2millioncopiesordownloads,orreaches2millionsubscribers,withacapat8million.“It’saverysmallnumberofgamesthatwouldtriggerthissecondarycompensationissue,”saidvoiceactorCrispinFreeman,who’samemberoftheunion’snegotiatingcommittee.“Thisisanimportantaspectofwhatitmeanstobeafreelance(从事自由职业的)performer,whoisn’tregularlyemployedeverysingledayworkingonprojects.”Anothermajorcomplaintfromtheactorsisthesecrecyoftheindustry.“Ican’timagineifthere’sanyotheractingjobintheworldwhereyoudon’tknowwhatshowyou’rein,whenyou’rehired,”saysvoiceactorKeytheFarley,whochairstheSAG-AFTRAnegotiatingcommittee.“Andyetthathappenseverydayinthevideogameworld,”FarleytoldreportersduringapressconferenceFriday.“IwasamaincharacterinFallout4,acharacterbythenameofKellogg,andIneverknewthatIwasdoingvocalrecordingforthatgamethroughouttheyearandahalf.”ScottWitlin,thelawyerrepresentingthevideogamecompanies,saysvoiceactors“representlessthanonetenthof1percentoftheworkthatgoesintomakingavideogame.”So“eventhoughthey’rethetopcraftsmenintheirfield,”Witlinsays,“ifwepaythemunderavastlydifferentsystemthanthepeoplewhodothe99.9percentofthework,that’sgoingtocreatefarmoreproblemsforthevideogamecompanies.”46.WhydidSAG-AFTRAdeclareastrikeagainstsomevideogamepublishers?A)Thelaborcontractbetweenthemhadbeenviolated.B)Itsappealtorenegotiatethecontracthadbeenrejected.C)Ithadbeencheatedrepeatedlyinthe19monthsoftalks.D)Thenegotiationsbetweenthemhadbrokendown.47.Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutthevideogamingindustry?A)Ithasreapedhugeprofitsinrecentyears.C)Ithasattractedmanyfamousvoiceactors.B)Ithasbecomemoreopenandtransparent.D)Ithasinvestedalotinitsdomesticmarket.48.Whatarethevoiceactorsdemanding?A)Moreregularemployment.B)Anon-discriminatorycontract.C)Extrapaybasedonsalesrevenues.D)Alimitonthemaximumworkhours.49.WhatdoesKeytheFarleysayaboutvoiceactors?A)Theyarekeptinthedarkaboutmanydetailsoftheirjob.B)Theyarediscriminatedagainstinthegamingindustry.C)Theyarenotpaidonaregularbasis.D)Theyarenotemployedfull-time.50.WhatistheargumentoflawyerScottWitlin?A)Voiceactorsshouldhaveapayraiseiftheyprovetobetopcraftsmen.B)Changingthepaysystemwouldcausetheindustrymoreproblems.C)Voiceactorsaremerecraftsmen,notprofessionalperformers.D)Payingvoiceactorsonanhourlybasisisinlinewiththelaw.9PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.OfficialsattheWhiteHouseannouncedanewspacepolicyfocusedonmanagingtheincreasingnumberofsatellitesthatcompaniesandgovernmentsarelaunchingintospace.SpacePolicyDirective-3laysoutgeneralguidelinesfortheUnitedStatestomitigate(缓解)theeffectsofspacedebrisandtrackandmanagetrafficinspace.ThispolicysetthestagefortheDepartmentofCommercetotakeoverthemanagementoftrafficinspace.Thedepartmentwillmakesurethatnewlylaunchedsatellitesdon’tuseradiofrequenciesthatwouldinterferewithexistingsatellites,andschedulewhensuchnewsatellitescanbelaunched.ThisonlyappliestoAmericanspaceactivities,butthehopeisthatitwillhelpstandardizeasetofnormsinthedawningcommercialspaceflightindustrythroughouttheworld.Space,especiallythespacedirectlyaroundourplanet,isgettingmorecrowdedasmoregovernmentsandcompanieslaunchsatellites.Oneimpetusforthepolicyisthatcompaniesarealreadystartingtobuildmassiveconstellations(星座),comprisinghundredsorthousandsofsatelliteswithmanymovingpartsamongthem.Withsomuchstuffinspace,andalimitedareaaroundourplanet,thegovernmentwantstoreducethechancesofacollision.Twoormoresatellitesslammingintoeachothercouldcreatemanymoreout-of-controlbitsthatwouldposeevenmorehazardstothegrowingcollectionofsatellitesinspace.Andit’snotlikethishasn’thappenedbefore.In2009anoldRussiancraftslammedintoacommunica-tionssatellite,creatingacloudofhundredsofpiecesofdebrisandputtingotherhardwareatrisk.JournalistSarahScolesreportsthatNASAcurrentlytacksabout24,000objectsinspace,andin2016theAirForcehadtoissue3,995,874warningstosatelliteownersalertingthemtoapotentialnearbythreatfromanothersatelliteorbitofdebris.That’swhythisnewpolicyalsoincludesdirectionstoupdatethecurrentU.S.GovernmentOrbitalDebrisMitigationStandardPractices,whichalreadyrequireanyentitythatlaunchesasatelliteorspacecrafttovigorouslyanalyzethelikelihoodthatanyoftheiractions,fromanunexpectedfailureornormalopera-tions,willcreatemorespacedebris.Itincludesaccountingforanypieceofdebristheyplantoreleaseover5mmthatmightstayinorbitfor25yearsormore.Itmightseemsurprisingtothinkaboutanitemstayinginspaceforthatlong,buttheoldestsatellitestillinorbit—Vanguard1—turned60in2018.Agenciesandcompaniesthroughouttheworldareworkingondevelopingtechnologythatwoulddisposeoforcapturespacedebrisbeforeitcausesseriousdamage.Butfornow,theU.S.governmentismorefocusedonpreventingnewdebrisfromformingthantakingthetrashoutoforbit.51.WhatisthepurposeofthenewU.S.spacepolicy?A)Tolayoutgeneralguidelinesforspaceexploration.B)Toencouragecompaniestojoininspaceprograms.C)Tomakethebestuseofsatellitesinspace.D)Toimprovetrafficconditionsinspace.52.WhatistheDepartmentofCommerceexpectedtodounderthenewpolicy?A)Reducedebrisinspace.C)Regulatethelaunchingofnewsatellites.B)Monitorsatelliteoperations.D)Updatesatellitecommunicationstechnology.53.WhatdoestheU.S.governmenthopetodowiththenewspacepolicy?A)Setinternationalstandardsforthespaceflightindustry.B)Monopolizespaceindustrybydevelopingasetofnorms.C)Facilitatecommercialspaceflightsthroughouttheworld.D)Promoteinternationalcollaborationinspaceexploration.1054.WhatisaspacevehiclelaunchingentityrequiredtodoaccordingtothecurrentU.S.GovernmentOrbitalDebrisMitigationStandardPractices?A)Giveanestimateofhowlongitsdebriswillstayinspace.B)Accountforthedebrisithasreleasedintospaceatanytime.C)Provideadetailedplanformanagingthespacedebrisitcreates.D)Makeathoroughanalysisofanypossibleadditiontospacedebris.55.Whatarespaceagenciesandcompaniesaimingtodoatpresent?A)Recycleusedspacevehiclesbeforetheyturnintodebris.B)Developtechnologytoaddressthespacedebrisproblem.C)Limittheamountofdebrisenteringspace.D)Cooperatecloselytoretrievespacedebris.PartIV
Directions:Translation
YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.(30minutes)
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.成语(Chineseidioms)是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式，大多由四个汉字组成。它们高度简练且形式固定，但通常能形象地表达深刻的含义。成语大多数来源于中国古代的文学作品，通常与某些神话、传说或者历史事件有关。如果不知道某个成语的出处，就很难理解其确切含义。因此，学习成语有助于人们更好地理解中国传统文化。成语在日常会话和文学创作中广泛使用。恰当使用成语可以使一个人的语言更具表现力，交流更有效。11未得到监考教师指令前，不得翻阅该试题册！
PartIWriting(30minutes)（请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试）
Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayontheimportanceofteamspiritandcommunicationintheworkplace.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.请认真填写以下信息：准考证号：姓名：错填、未填以上信息，按违规处理！12
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