2009年高考英语第二轮热点专题复习——阅读理解
考情动态分析
多年来阅读理解一直是高考英语测试的重头戏。近几年的高考考试说明反复强调：阅渎是我国学生接触英语的最主要途径，也是高中外语教学的重点，在试卷设计和试题难度方面应该予以重视。这一观点在近几年的高考试题中得到了充分的体现。全卷l 50分，阅读理解占40分，更何况其他题型如完形填空、短文改错甚至单项选择等都是对阅读理解能力的间接考查。没有人会怀疑今后相当长的时间内阅读理解能力仍将是高考考查的重点。可以毫不夸张地说，做好阅读理解题，是获得高考英语高分的关键！
1．高考对阅读理解的要求
(1)《考试大纲》对阅读理解的要求：
要求考生能读懂一般性话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中的简短文章。考生应能：
①理解主旨大意； ②寻找具体信息； ③识别不同文体特征；
④根据上下文提供的语境推测生词词义； ⑤作出简单的判断和推理； ⑥理解文章的基本逻辑结构； ⑦把握作者的意图和态度； ⑧理解文章的文化信息。
(2)《新课程标准》对阅读理解的目标要求：
《新课程标准》在语言技能部分中对“读”的八级目标是这样要求的： ①能识别不同文体的特征；
②能通过分析句子结构理解难句和长旬； ③能理解阅读材料中不同的观点和态度；
④能根据学习任务的需要从多种媒体中获取信息并进行加工处理； ⑤能在教师的帮助下欣赏浅显的英语文学作品； ⑥除教材外，课外阅读量应累计达到30万词以上。 2．近几年高考阅读理解的题型设置、命题特点及预测 (1)题型设置
阅读理解是历年高考英语的必考题型，在整个试卷中占的分值最大。一般是4～5篇短文，共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分。阅读理解的主要考查题型有：
①细节理解：主要考查对支持文章主题细节的理解，以考查考生准确理解细节的能力。一篇文章必须通过许多细节的信息来解释或表达主题，体现主题思想。弄懂这些细节对于理解全文的作用是不容忽视的。因此要在阅读时准确把握所提供的信息。这类考题是比较直接的，理解字面意思就可答题，
有时则是比较间接的．要通过归纳、综合才能得出答案。
②词义理解：主要考查对文章中某些单词或词组的扩展意义的理解，以考查考生根据上下文对词义理解的能力。此题型要求考生正确理解文章中个别关键词句的含义．其中有词语替换或句型转换的表层理解题．也有联系全文意义来判断有关词句含义及寓意的深层理解题。一般情况下．考生认真辨析各项含义后即可选出正确答案：但也有些试题要求联系全文意思才能判断其含义及寓意．做题时耍反复推敲，特别要理解该词在文章中前后句的意思。
③推理判断：主要考查对文章某个细节或事实的延伸理解，以考查考生根据文章事实作出推理判断的能力。此题型要求考生纵观全文．在汇集全文提供的各项信息的基础上，进行正确的逻辑推理．判断作者的意向．人物的动机、目的、性格特征．事件的前因后果．语言中的语气等。此类题属于深层理解题，要做好此类题．必须透彻理解全文，认真探究句意，注意逻辑关系及有关的生活常识。
每篇文章都有一定的写作目的．作者往往期待读者渎了文章后知道该怎样去做某些事情或按某种方式去思考问题。这层意思通常并不是在文章中明确表达出来．而是隐含在文章中。考生要在通渎全文的基础上去领会作者的言外之意．对原文中没有提及的情况进行推理想像．对题目中提出的各种可能性进行推敲，从而得出与原文所给信息相吻合的、合乎逻辑的最佳答案。
④主旨大意：主要考查对文章的主题思想、大意的理解，以考查考生整体理解文章、把握文章主旨大意的能力。此题分为两大类型：一类是要求考生在理解全文后归纳短文要点，概括中心思想。这时要特别注意文章的第一句或最后一句．或者第一段。第一段往往是故事的梗概，表达了主题思想。另一类是概括文章的话题或议题，即高度概括文章所涉及的中心内容。话题往往可用很少几个词加以概括。困难的是有时为了行文需要，可能涉及数个话题。这时要注意分析比较，弄清哪是最重要的中心话题，哪是次要话题。
⑤图形识别：主要考查根据文章内容对地图、图表的理解，以考查对图形的理解能力。 (2)命题特点
①阅读材料的选择贴近生活，广泛多样 近六年阅读短文题材一览表(以全国卷I为例)
03 04 05(I) 06(I) 07(I) 08(I) A 科普类 史地类 广告类 文化类 哲理类 故事类 B 新闻报道 科普类 故事类 文化类 文化类 科普类 C 广告类 广告类 哲理类 广告类 广告类 科普类 D 人物类 文化类 科普类 社会类 社会类 广告类 E 文化类 科普类 文化类 哲理类 哲理类 社会类 从短文的选材上看，文章的内容都非常贴近生活，非常现代，重视实用，特别强调时代气息。重视语言文化背景，所涉及的内容非常广泛，有一定的知识性、趣味性和思想性，体裁多样。重在语言知识的实际的应用。
②近五六阅读理解试题词汇量的相关数据：
高考年份 NMET2003 NMET2004 NMET2005(I) NMET2006(I) NMET2007(I) NMET2008(I) 总词量 2193 2354 2273 1995 2000 2095 短文词量 1454 1563 1390 1325 1402 1391 试题词量 739 791 883 668 598 704 读速要求 62.7 68 64.9 56.94 57.3 59.9 从上表可以看出，高考阅读量与阅读速度近五年来保持基本稳定，基本上符合《全日制普通高级中学英语教学大纲》上“二级目标与要求”所规定的要求。能以每分钟70~80个词的速度，读懂生词率不超过3％的材料，应付高考还是绰绰有余的。
③所选短文多是外国人写的反映外国事物的内容，文章结构严谨，逻辑性强，英语语言地道、标准，话题适合当代中学生。
④问题的设置科学合理，检测重点放在考查考生获取信息、解决问题的语言运用能力上。 (3)高考预测
通过对近几年高考试题的分析，加上某些省份《新课程标准》的试用，可知今后阅读理解题的命题趋向：
①更加重视词汇量的扩大，注意新增词汇；
②更加重视语篇分析、推测能力，而减少对事实、细节的考查； ③更加重视阅读量和阅读速度；
④采用原版英文材料，内容新颖，语言更加地道 ⑤取材更加广泛，题材和体裁更加灵活多样。 真题回放 例2008(I)
It is often necessary to release a fish, that is, set it free after catching, because it is too small, or you just don‟t want to take it home to eat. In some cases, releasing fish is a good measure that will help keep fish variety and build their population size. The Department of Game and Inland Fisheries (DGIF) encourages fishermen who practice catch-and-release fishing to use a few simple skills when doing so. The advice provided below will help make sure that the fish you release will survive (存活) to bite again another day.
—When catching a fish, play it quickly and keep the fish in the water as much as possible. Don‟t‟ use a net in landing the fish and release it quickly to prevent it from dying.
—Hold the fish gently. Do not put your fingers in its eyes. Don‟t wipe the scales (鱼鳞) off the fish because it might cause it to develop a disease and reduce its chance of survival.
—Remove your hook (鱼钩) quickly. If the hook is too deep or hooked in the stomach, cut the line and leave the hook in. The hook left inside will cause no serious problem to the fish.
—Take good care of the fish by moving it gently in water. Release the fish when it begins to struggle
and is able to swim.
—Do not hold fish in a bucket or some other containers and later decide to release it. If you are going to release a fish, do so right away.
With a little care and by following the suggestions given above, you can give the released fish a better chance of survival.
64. People sometimes set a fish free after catching it because they _________ A. don‟t want it to die B. hope it will grow quickly
C. don‟t want to have it as food D. want to practice their fishing skills 【标准答案】C。
【试题解析】从文章第一段的语句It is often necessary to release a fish, that is, set it free after catching, because it is too small, or you just don‟t want to take it home to eat.可知钓到的鱼太小，不想带回家吃。
【考点】细节理解题。
65. Which of the following will probably make a fish ill? A. Taking the hook off it. B. Removing its scales. C. Touching its eves D. Holding it in your hand. 【标准答案】B。
【试题解析】从文中第二条建议Don‟t wipe the scales (鱼鳞) off the fish because it might cause it to develop a disease and reduce its chance of survival.可知刮掉鱼鳞会让鱼生病，减少成活的机会。
【考点】细节理解题。
66. A proper way to release a fish is to _________.
A .move it in water till it can swim B. take the hook out of its stomach C. keep it in a bucket for some time D. let it struggle a little in your hand 【标准答案】A。
【试题解析】从第四条建议Release the fish when it begins to struggle and is able to swim.可知答案，其余三种情况都是错误的做法。
【考点】细节判断题。
67. What is the purpose of the test?
A. To show how to enjoy fishing. B. To persuade people to fish less often. C. To encourage people to set fish free. D. To give advice on how to release fish. 【标准答案】D。
【试题解析】从文章第一段最后一句The advice provided below will help make sure that the fish you release will survive (存活) to bite again another day.（中心句）及文章最后一段的总结句With a little care and by following the suggestions given above, you can give the released fish a better chance of survival.可知写这篇文章的目的是就如何放养钓到的小鱼，使他们的成活率更高提出了一些建议。
【考点】推测作者的写作意图题。 解题方法
1．通读全文。掌握大意
快速阅读全文，抓准文中信息，这称为skim(read quickly to get the main ideas )，其目的是了解文章内容，明确主题思想，找准主线，掌握大意，力求对文章各层次、各段落闻的逻辑关系有一个明确的认识。如记叙文常在开头交代出背景，然后以人物活动的时间、地点为线索展开情节。说明文则应注意其中心主题以及围绕中心所做的阐述，以弄清层次。对于图表、广告、通知、常见标志等可采用逆向法一一先看试题，然后有针对性地进行扫读，对相关信息进行快速定位。
2．问题先行，阅读随后
即先看试题，再读文章。阅读题干，首先要掌握问题的类型，分清是客观信息题还是主观判断题。客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基凋，作者未加陈述的观点以及贯穿全文的中心主旨的理解等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理才能解答。其次，了解试题题千以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。
3．仔细审题，重点再读
观察试题题干，做到“心中有数”，然后带着特定的信息为目的重点再读，这称为scan(searching reading，often looking for a particular thing)。此时要特别注意题于中每个问题的主语、疑问词及重要的谓语，重点注意以下词语：not，unless，without：，on the other’hand，except，rather than，although，as well，always，never，all等等。弄清试题是客观性试题还是主观性试题，据此回忆或重读并查找相关信息点，对答案有个初步的确定。
4．全面理解，归纳推理
在实际阅读中，有时作者未把意图说出来，考生要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意。这就是通常所说的深层理解。深层理解主要包括归纳概括(中心思想，加标题等)和推理判断，是阅读理解中的难点。深层理解是一种刨造性的思维活动。它必须忠实于原文，要以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，立足已知推断未知，不能凭空想象，随意揣测；它要求考生对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。只有吃透文章的字面意思，推理才有前提和基础。
5．分析验证，确定答案
纵观全文，验证答案是解答阅读理解题的最后一步。带着每个小题已初步确定的答案(对于感觉把握不大、有些困难的小题复读全文)逐一核实各题的答案，看看是否一致，是否合乎情理、合乎逻辑，是否前后照应。有些答案从局部看是对的，但从整体看就可能不对或不完全对。这样通过分析验证，就保证了答案的准确无误。
主要考查的题型有： 1．主旨大意题
主旨大意题要求考生掌握所读材料的主旨和大意，它的一般范围是：基本论点、文章标题、主题、大意或段落大意等。它要求考生在理解全文的基础上对文奄进行高度的概括或总结。
标志性句子常见的有：
Which sentence best expresses the main idea? Which of the following best summaries the passage The passage is mainly about.．．
The main idea／The general idea／The main purpose is… The central idea of the paragraph is that… The best title／headline for this passage is„ What is the main topic of this passage?
The passage deals mainly with／is mainly about／is primarily concerned with．．． 对于这类考题，考生应做到：
(1)寻找主题句(topic：sentence)从而抓住全段的中心思想。一般说来，每一个段落有一个中心思想，尤其是议论文和说明文更为典型。代表本段中心思想的句子叫做主题句，其常见位置是段首第一句或第二句，但也有可能在段尾或段中。
(2)概括全文寻找文章的中心思想。寻找整篇文章的中心思想是建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的，各段落中心句的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。 ·
高考典题 (2008·山东)
Federal regulators Wednesday approved a plan to create a nationwide emergency alert(警报) system using text messages delivered to cell phones.
Text messages have exploded in popularity in recent years, particularly among young people. The wireless industry‟s trade association, CTIA, estimates(估计) more than 48 billion text messages are sent each month.
The plan comes from the Warning Alert and Response Network Act, a 2006 federal law that requires improvement to the nation‟s emergency alert system. The act tasked the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) with coming up with new ways to alert the public about emergencies.
“The ability to deliver accurate and timely warnings and alerts through cell phones and other mobile services is an important next step in our efforts to help ensure that the American public has the information they need to take action to protect themselves and their families before, and during, disasters and other emergencies,” FCC Chairman Kevin Martin said following approval of the plan.
Participation in the alert system by carriers—telecommunications companies—is voluntary, but it has received solid support from the wireless industry.
The program would be optional for cell phone users. They also may not be charged for receiving alerts. There would be three different types of messages, according to the rules.
The first would be a national alert from the president, likely involving a terrorist attack or natural disaster. The second would involve “approaching threats,” which could include natural disasters like hurricanes or storms or even university shootings. The third would be reserved for child abduction(绑架) emergencies, or so-called Amber Alerts.
The service could be in place by 2010.
66. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A. Cell Phone Alerts Protecting Students B. Cell Phone Alerts by Wireless Industry C. Cell Phone Alerts of Natural Disasters D. Cell Phone Alerts Coming Soon
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻类文章。美国联邦政府打算利用手机短信免费为公众进行信息警报，这非常是快捷、有效的方式，并即将成为可能。
【答案解析】答案为D。主旨大意题。文章第一段即是主旨所在。选项A缩小了文章内容表达的范围；选项B不是本文所要表达的中心内容，明显不正确；选项C太片面，根据文章倒数第二段中a terrorist attack or natural disaster一句可以排除。
方法提炼：通读全文，便可知本题答案。 2．细节理解题
细节理解题主要考查学生对文章某一段落中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力，一般包括在原文中可以直接找出答案的直接理解题和需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上转换的语义转化题。
标志性句子：
Which of the following statements is true (false)? Which of the following is (not) mentioned? Which of the following shows the right order of„? Which is the correct order of the following events? What does the author mention? What is (not) mentioned in the passage? What do we know about„? From the passage , we learn that…. According to the passage，the writer„ The writer says．．．
做这种类型的题往往需要运用检索阅读法(scanning)，即要注意题干中的标识语，带着问题有的放矢地在阅读材料中寻找某一特定信息(如：日期、数字、专有名词、原因和特点等)的具体位置。题干中的标识语是快速寻找答题依据的“路标”，最常见的就是用引号标识的关键词或标明了标识语所在的具体行数。
高考典题 (2008·浙江)
Adrian‟s “Amazing Race” started early when his parents realized that he, as a baby, couldn‟t hear a thing, not even loud noises. In a special school for the hearing-impaired (听觉受损的)，he learned sign language and got to mix with other disabled children. However, the sight of all the disabled children communicating with one another upset his mother. She wanted him to lead a normal life. So after speaking to an advisor, she sent him to private classes where he learned to read lips and pronounce words.
Later on, Adrian‟s parents decided to send him to a regular school. But the headmaster tried to prevent them from doing so, saying regular school couldn‟t take care of a special needs students. His parents were determined to take the risk and push him hard to go through his work everyday because they wanted to prove that, given the opportunity, he could do anything. Adrian made the grade and got accepted. It was a big challenge. The pace （节奏）was faster so he had to sit at the front of the class and really pay attention to the teacher, which wasn‟t always easy. But he stuck to it and did a lot of extra work after school.
The efforts made by Adrian and his parents paid off. Adrian graduated with good grades and got into a top high school. He also achieved a lot in life outside school. He developed a love for the outdoors and went to Nepal to climb mountains. He even entered the World Yacht Race 05/06--- being the first hearing-impaired Asian to do so.
But none of these achievements would have been possible without one of the most important lessons from his mother.” “If you believe in yourself and work hard, you can achieve great results.” She often said.
41. How did Adrian communicate with other children in the special school? A. By speaking. B. By using sign language C. By reading lips D. By making loud noises
【文章大意】：这是一篇关于一位听障青年（ a hearing-impaired young man）自强不息的励志故事,其中包括了母亲的呕心沥血，永不言弃的决心。本文呼吁家庭和社会应对残疾人有关爱之心，同时也在无形当中起到了鼓励青少年永不言败，自强不息。
【答案解析】：B。分析：此题考查文章的细节。根据文章的第一段的第二句话可得出答案。 方法提炼：做此类细节理解题时，关键是由题目而找对文中的关键信息。 3．推理判断题
推理判断题要求考生在理解文章中直接陈述的观点或描述的事实的基础上，领悟作者的言外之意(implied meaning)，得出符合作者意愿的结论，即根据作者暗示的内容，推断出合理的结论。
标志性句子：
It can be inferred from the passage that．．． What does the author probably mean by…? What conclusion can be drawn from the passage? Where would this passage most probably appear?
The passage following this one would most probably discuss．．． From the last paragraph，we infer that„
By the first sentence of the passage，the author means that．．． What‟s the attitude of the author towards…? What does the author suggest in the last paragraph?
在解答推理性问题时，应清楚所要解答的问题是需要针对某个细节进行推断，还是针对主题思想、作者的意图进行推断。针对细节的推断可运用scanning方法，迅速在阅读材料中确定推理依据的位置或范围，然后再进行推理判断。针对主题思想做推断时，先根据主题思想，再分析句子之间的逻辑关系，区分观点与例证(opinion and fact)、原因与结果(cause and effect)、主要观点与次要观点(main idea and supporting idea)。
高考典题 (2008·福建)
For years we have been told that encouraging a child‟s self-respect is important to his or her success in life. But child experts are now learning that too much praise can lead to the opposite effect. Praise-sholic kids who expect it at every turn may become teens who seek to same kind of approval from friends when asked if they want to go in the backseat of the car.
The implication(含义) of saying “You are the prettiest girl in class,” or talking about the
goals she succeed but not her overall effort, is that you love her only when she looks the best, scores she highest, achieves the most. And this carries over to the classroom.
Social psychologist Carrol Dweck, PhD, tested the effects of overpraise on 400 fifth graders while she was at Columbia University. She found that kids praised for “trying hard” did better on tests and were more likely to take on difficult assignments than those praised for being “smart”.
“Praising attributes(品质) or abilities makes a false promise that success will come to you because you have that quality, and it devalues effort, so children are afraid to take on challenges, ” says Dweck, now at Stanford University, “They figure they‟s better quit while they‟re ahead.”
62. The author quoted(引用) Dr. Dweck‟s words in the last paragraph in order to make the article _____. A. better-known B. better-organized C. more percussive D. more interesting 63. We can infer from the passage that _____. A. praise for efforts should be more encouraged B. praise for results works better than praise for efforts
C. praising a child‟s achievements benefits his or her success in life D. praising a child‟s abilities encourage him or her to take on challenges
62. C 推理判断题。从第四段引用Dr. Dweck‟s 的话，让人看到这种表扬会导致孩子们退缩，害怕挑战，从而使文章更具震撼力。
63. A推理判断题。从第三段She found that kids praised for “trying hard” did better on tests and were more likely to take on difficult assignments than those praised for being “smart”.可知。
方法提炼：做此类题时，要注意抓住关键词、短语、句子或段落，透彻理解文章内容，由作者字里行间的意思去推断出字里行间之外的意义。
在阅读英语材料这类真实语言活动的过程中，遇到生词本属正常，但我们并不是每次遇到生词就一定要去查词典的。正确理解、掌握所读材料中单词或短语的含义是理解全文意思的基础，在阅读过程中根据选材、背景及上下文等线索推测出生词词义也是真实语言活动中的一项重要技巧。
(1)通过定义、解释来推测词义
通常在文章的字里行间，对生词以定语(从句)、表语甚至用逗号、破折号等标点符号的方式引出并加以解释说明。
高考示例
Throughout the history of the arts，the nature of creativity has remained constant to artists．No matter what objects they select，artists are to bring forth new forces and forms that cause change-to find poetry where no one has ever seen or experienced it before．
1．The underlined word“poetry’’most probably means … A .an object for artistic creation B. a collection of poems C. an unusual quality D .a natural scene
思路点拨：词义猜测题。由where no one has ever seen or experienced it before可知poetry在此是指一种不同寻常的品质。答案C。
方法提炼：定语从句是对其所修饰的词的说明解释。同位语从句是对该词进行补充说明的作用。 (2)通过对比关系来推测词义
此法又称为“反义法”，即利用反义词来说明生词的意义。如反义词hot and cold；perfect and imperfect，甚至前、后句为肯定与否定或是与不是等，在句内词与词之间，在段内句与句之间的关系上起着互为线索的作用。能够体现这种关系的词很多，主要有表示转折关系的but，while，on the one hand„on the other hand，for one thing„for another和众多反义词。
高考示例
The house looked quite normal outside，but inside it was very exotic with fascinating objects on display．
2．Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word “exotic” in the third paragraph? A. Messy and untidy． B. Rich and expensive． C．Comfortable and calming． D．Foreign and unusual．
思路点拨：词义猜测题。由文章第三段第一句话中的“but”转折词，可知前后意思形成对比，再根据“fascinating objects on display”可推断出来。答案D。
方法提炼：but是前后意义上的转折。 (3)通过因果关系推测词义
在句子或段落中，若两个事物、现象之间构成因果关系，我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推知生词词义. 因果关系的语境，通常由because，so that，so／such„that„等连词体现。
高考示例
I thought to myself that we adults usually make a big“ to do” over the younger one because she is the one who seems more easily hurt．We do it with the best of intentions．
3．The underlined expression make a big“ to do” over means… A. show much concern about B. have a special effect on C．1istjobs to be done for D．do good things for
思路点拨：由“我”的较大的孩子对客人的评价的反应可以知道，我们成年人往往更多地关注较小的孩子因为她更容易受到伤害，而没有意识到这种关注可能会伤害较大孩子的感情。在句中的make a big“to do”over the younger one应该表示“更关注更小的孩子”。 答案A。
方法提炼：表示因果关系的because为上文提供了关键信息。 (4)通过同类关系来推测词义
同类部分可以是当作同位语的词、短语或从句等。同类关系常由such as，like，for example，for instance等连词列举同类词汇来体现。
高考示例
The researchers led by Professor Giorgio Vallortigara of the University of Trieste found that when the dogs were shown their owners——a positive experience--their tails
wagged energetically to the right side．When they were shown an unfamiliar human they wagged to the right，but with somewhat less enthusiasm．The appearance of a cat again caused a right—hand side wag，although with less intensity again．
4．The underlined word“intensity”in the passage means… A. surprise B. worry C．excitement D．interest
思路点拨：由文章第三段信息可知，当主人来了，狗尾巴向右摆兴奋，激动；当不熟悉的人来了，也向右摆，但不那么热情；而当猫出现时，尾巴也向右摆，但with less intensity again，可知，less intensity应为不够热情，不兴奋，不激动。答案C。
方法提炼：对于生词，上下文也许对它已有说明。 (5)根据生活常识来猜测词义
猜测词义时需利用上下文语境，结合自身生活经验进行逻辑推理。 高考示例
Shopkeepers in Modbury，population 1 500，agreed to stop handing out disposable plastic bags to customers on Saturday．They said paper sacks and cloth carrier bags would be offered instead．
5．The underlined word“disposable’’in the passage probably means… A acceptable 13．valuable C throw-away D．long-lasting
思路点拨：词义理解题。由文章第二段信息可知，Modbury的店主都同意停止向顾客分发一次性袋子。可知，划线单词disposable意为“一次性的，用完即扔的”，故选throw-away。答案C。
方法提炼：此题也可由生活常识得出答案。 (6)利用文义及逻辑关系来推测词义
利用文义及逻辑关系推测词义时，关键应在理清生词前后文义的基础上着重分析前后文的逻辑关系，是递进、转折，还是并列。
高考示例
Born in Chicago in 1902，brought up and schooled in Nebraska，the 1 9-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education．
6．The words“hooked on teaching”underlined in Paragraph 2 probably mean—————————一． A. attracted to teaching B．tired of teaching C．satisfied with teaching D．unhappy about teaching
思路点拨：由后文“changed his major from medicine to education'’可知Tyler对教学产生了兴趣。答案A。
方法提炼：分析句子成分，became and changed是并列谓语，while．．．是第一分句的时间状语。 (7)利用构词法知识推测词义
利用构词法知识猜测词义，关键应在理解词根的基础上掌握前后缀规律，如un-，im-，in-，dis-等前缀和一less等后缀可以构成反义词，后缀一ess可以转换性别等，遇到合
成词时在正确理解两词的基础上结合原文把握两词之间的关系，从而准确猜出其词义。 高考示例
The reasons for a visit to a lighthouse are not all so backward-looking in time．It is true that lighthouses were built in out-of-the-way places．
7．The underlined phrase“out-of-the-way”in Paragraph4 means… A. far-away B. dangerous C．ancient D．secret
思路点拨：全文讲到灯塔处于一个孤零零的地方，即荒岛上，所以out-of-the-way为“遥远的地
方”。B项dangerous危险的，意为灯塔对其他人有危险，这是错误的理解。答案A。
方法提炼：使用此种方法猜测词义时，须联系上下文灵活处理。 (8)利用熟词的新词性来抽象词义
利用熟词的新词性来抽象词义，关键应在理解原词的基础上，分析它的新词性，并结合原词含义发挥合理想象，从而概括抽象出它的新词义。
高考示例
However obvious these facts may appear at first glance，they are actually not SO obvious as they seem except when we take special pains to think about the subject．
8．In Paragraph 3，“take special pains”probably means… A. try very hard B. take our time C .are very unhappy D. feel especially painful
思路点拨：从上文中的“they are actually not so obvious as they seem”及文中的except可知，take special pains与该句语意应相反，据此可得出答案A正确。答案A。
方法提炼：其实take pains to do sth．已不是生词，意为“费力去做某事”。
考能提升训练
1
Compassion is a desire within us to help others．With effort, we can translate compassion into action．An experience last weekend showed me this is true．I work part-time in a supermarket across from a building for the elderly．These old people are our main customers, and it‟s not hard to lose patience over their slowness．But last Sunday, one aged gentleman appeared to teach me a valuable lesson．This untidy man walked up to my register(收款机) with a box of biscuits．He said he was out of cash(现金), had just moved into his room, and had nothing in his cupboards．He asked if we could let him have the food on trust．He promised to repay me the next day．
I couldn‟t help staring at him．I wondered what kind of person he had been ten or twenty years before,
and what he would be like if luck had gone his way．I had a hurt in my heart for this kind of human soul, all alone in the world．I told him that I was sorry, but store rules didn‟t allow me to do so．I felt stupid and unkind saying this, but I valued my job．
Just then, another man, standing behind the first, spoke up．If anything, he looked more pitiable．“Charge it to me,” was all he said．
What I had been feeling was pity．Pity is soft and safe and easy．Compassion, on the other hand, is caring in action．I thanked the second man but told him that was not allowed either．Then I reached into my pocket and paid for the biscuits myself．I reached into my pocket because these two men had reached into my heart and taught me compassion.
1．The aged gentleman who wanted to buy the biscuits ______. A．promised to obey the store rules B．forgot to take any money with him C．hoped to have the food first and pay later D．could not afford anything more expensive
2．Which of the following best describes the old gentleman? A．kind and lucky C．friendly and helpful
B．poor and lonely
D．hurt and disappointed
3．The writer acted upon the store rules because ______. A．he wanted to keep his present job B．he felt no pity for the old gentleman C．he considered the old man dishonest
D．he expected someone else to pay for the old man 4．What does the writer learn from his experience? A．Wealth is more important than anything else. B．Helping others is easier said than done. C．Experience is better gained through practice. D．Obeying the rules means more than compassion.
2
Reading is very important to help you learn English. To learn as much as you can from reading, you need to read different kinds of English. This book provides not only different kinds of English but also a good way to check your reading ability.
There are four parts in the book:
Part 1 is Messages: In this part somebody wants to send information in writing to somebody else. There is a test on timetables and a test on text messages.
Part 2 is People: In this part all the tests are about people. For example, there is an informal letter
between friends. There is formal (正式的) English in biography (传记) . There is a job application as a model to help with your writing, as well as testing your reading.
Part 3 is Places: In this part, too. Many different kinds of English are shown, some informal and some formal. There is the informal English of a holiday postcarD．There is also the formal English in a letter of complaint.
Part 4 is Things: You will find some descriptive writing in this part. There are descriptions of clothes and of a computer.
You can do these tests in any order you like, or you can do all the tests with a formal or informal text. I enjoyed writing this book and I hope you enjoy using it. 5．We can find the introduction to a product in . A．Part 1
B．Part 2
C．Part 3
D．Part 4
6．Which of the following is most probably written in informal English? A．A letter of complaint. C．A letter to a frienD．
B．A computer handbook. D．A story of a president.
7．The passage is most probably written for . A．test designers
8．What is the best title of the book? A．Test Your Reading
B．Help with Your Writing B．students
C．test-takers
D．teachers
C．Learn Different Kinds of English D．Practise English in Different Ways
3
A device that stops drivers from falling asleep at the wheel is about to undergo testing at Department of Transport laboratories and could go on sale within 12 months.
The system, called Driver Alert, aims to reduce deadly road accidents by 20%--40% that are caused by tiredness. Airline pilots can also use it to reduce the 30% of all pilot-error accidents that are related to fatigue.
Driver Alert is based on a computerized wristbanD．The device, worn by drivers or pilots, gives out a sound about every four minutes during a car journey. After each sound the driver must respond by squeezing the steering wheel(方向盘). A sensor in the wristband detects this pressing action and measures the time between the sound and the driver‟s response.
Tiredness is directly related to a driver‟s response time. Usually, a watchful driver would take about 400 milliseconds to respond, but once that falls to more than 500 milliseconds, it suggests that the driver is getting sleepy.
In such cases the device gives out more regular and louder sounds, showing that the driver should open a window or stop for a rest. If the driver‟s response continues to slow down, the sounds become more frequent until a nonstop alarm warns that the driver must stop as soon as possible.
The device has been delivered to the department‟s laboratories for testing. If these tests, scheduled for six months‟ time, are successful, the markets will bring the product to market within about a year.
9．According to the text, Driver Alert _____.
A．aims to reduce tiredness-related accidents B．has gone through testing at laboratories C．aims to prevent drivers from sleeping D．has been on sale for 12 months
10．How should a driver respond to the sounds from Driver Alert? A．By sounding a warning. C．By checking the driving time.
B．By touching the wristbanD． D．By pressing the steering wheel.
11．We can learn from the text that the driver needs to stop for a break when his response time is _____. A．about 400 milliseconds C．over 500 milliseconds
B．below 500 milliseconds D．about 4 minutes
12．When the driver gets sleepy while driving, Driver Alert _____. A．moves more regularly
B．stops working properly
C．opens the window for the driver D．sounds more frequently and loudly
4
I travel a lot, and I find out different “styles” (风格) of directions every time 1 ask “How can I get to the post office?”
Foreign tourists are often confused (困惑) in Japan because most streets there don‟t have names; in Japan, people use landmarks (地标) in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, “Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop.”
In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat; in many places there are no towns or buildings within miles. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances. In Kansas or Iowa, for example, people will say, “Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.”
People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map; they measure distance in time, not miles. “How far away is the post office?” you ask. “Oh,” they answer, “it‟s about five minutes from here.” You say, “Yes, but how many miles away is it?” They don‟t know.
It‟s true that a person doesn‟t know the answer to your question sometimes. What happens in such a situation? A New Yorker might say, „Sorry, I have no idea.” But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers “I don‟t know.” People in Yucatan believe that “I don‟t know” is impolite, They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan!
13. When a tourist asks the Japanese the way to a certain place they usually _________ A. describe the place carefully B. show him a map of the place C. tell him the names of the streets
D. refer to recognizable buildings and places
14. What is the place where people measure distance in time? A. New York. B. Los Angeles. C. Kansas. D. Iowa.
15. People in Yucatan may give a tourist a wrong answer ________ A. in order to save time
B. as a test
C. so as to be polite
D. for fun
16. What can we infer from the text?
A. It‟s important for travelers to understand cultural differences. B. It‟s useful for travelers to know how to ask the way properly. C. People have similar understandings of politeness. D. New Yorkers are generally friendly to visitors.
5
Heroes of Our Time
A good heart
Dikembe Mutombo grew up in Africa among great poverty and disease. He came to Georgetown University on a scholarship（奖学金） to study medicine — but Coach (教练) John Thompson got a look at Dikembe and had a different idea. Dikembe became a star in the NBA, and a citizen of the United States. But he never forgot the land of his birth, or the duty to share his fortune with others. He built a new hospital in his old hometown in the Congo. A friend has said of this good-hearted man: “Mutombo believes that God has given him this chance to do great things.”
Success and kindness
After her daughter was born, Julie Aigner-Clark searched for ways to share her love of music and art with her child. So she borrowed some equipment, and began filming children‟s videos (录象) in her own house. The Baby Einstein Company was born, and in just five years her business grew to more than $20 million in sales. And she is using her success to help others — producing child safety videos with John Walsh of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. Julie says of her new program: “I believe it‟s the most important thing that I have ever done. I believe that children have the right to live in a world that is safe.”
Bravery and courage
A few weeks ago, Wesley Autrey was waiting at a Harlem subway station with his two little girls when he saw a man fall into the path of a train. With seconds to act, Wesley jumped onto the tracks, pulled the man into the space between the rails (铁轨), and held him as the train passed right above their heads. He insists he‟s not a hero. He says: “We have got to show each other some love.”
17. What was Mutombo praised for? A. Being a star in the NBA.
B. Being a student of medicine.
C. His work in the church. D. His willingness to help the needy.
18. Mulombo believes that building the new hospital is A. helpful to his personal development B. something he should do for his homeland C. a chance for his friends to share his money D. a way of showing his respect to the NBA
19. What did the Baby Einstein Company do at its beginning? A. Produce safety equipment for children. B. Make videos to help protect children. C. Sell children‟s music and artwork. D. Look for missing and exploited children. 20. Why was Wesley Autrey praised as a hero? A. He helped a man get across the rails. B. He stopped a man from destroying the rails. C. He protected two little girls from getting hurt. D. He saved a person without considering his own safety.
6
Tom was one of the brightest boys in the year, with supportive parents. But when he was 15 he suddenly stopped trying. He left school at 16 with only two scores for secondary school subjects. One of the reasons that made it cool for him not to care was the power of his peer (同龄人) group.
The lack of right male (男性) role models in many of their lives — at home and particularly in the school environment (环境) — means that their peers are the only people they have to judge themselves against.
They don‟t see men succeeding in society so it doesn‟t occur to them that they could make something of themselves. Without male teachers as a role model, the effect of peer actions and street culture (文化) is all-powerful. Boys want to be part of a club. However, schools can provide the environment for change, and provide the right role models for them. Teachers need to be trained to stop that but not in front of a child‟s peers. You have to do it one to one, because that is when you see the real child.
It‟s pointless sending a child home if he or she has done wrong. They see it as a welcome day off to watch television or play computer games. instead, schools should have a special unit where a child who has done wrong goes for the day and gets advice about his problems — somewhere he can work away from his peers and go home after the other children.
21. Why did Tom give up studying? A. He disliked his teachers.
B. His parents no longer supported him.
C. It‟s cool for boys of his age not to care about studies. D. There were too many subjects in his secondary school. 22. What seems to have a bad effect on students like Tom?
A. Peer groups. B. A special unit. C. The student judges. D. The home environment. 23. What should schools do to help the problem schoolboys? A. Wait for their change patiently.
B. Train leaders of their peer groups.
D. Give them lessons in a separate area.
C. Stop the development of street culture.
24. A teacher‟s work is most effective with a schoolboy when he . A. is with the boy alone
B. teaches the boy a lesson
C. sends the boy home as punishment D. works together with another teacher
7
Far from the land of Antarctica (南极洲), a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean. At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod.
For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish. How does it live where most fish would freeze to death? It must have some secret. The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and research has been slow. Now it seems we have an answer.
Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish. Scientists studied the fish‟s blood and measured its freezing point.
The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of-1.88°C and many tiny pieces of ice floating in it. The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to
-2.05°C. That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice-salt mixture.
The scientists‟ next research job was clear: Find out what in the fish‟s blood kept it from freezing. Their search led to some really strange thing made up of a protein (蛋白质) never before seen in the blood of a fish. When it was removed, the blood froze at seawater temperature. When it was put back, the blood again had its antifreeze quality and a lowered freezing point.
Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein. It has many small sugar molecules（分子）held in special positions within each big protein molecule. Because of its sugar content, it is called a glycoprotein. So it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein, or AFGP.
25. What is the text mainly about? A. The terrible conditions in the Antarctic. B. A special fish living in freezing waters. C. The ice shelf around Antarctica.
D. Protection of the Antarctic cod.
26. Why can the Antarctic cod live at the freezing temperature? A. The seawater has a temperature of -1.88°C. B. it loves to live in the ice-salt mixture C. A special protein keeps it from freezing. D. Its blood has a temperature lower than -2.05°C.
27. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A. A type of ice-salt mixture. C. Fish blood.
B. A newly found protein.
D. Sugar molecule.
28. What does “glyco-” in the underlined word “glycoprotein” in the last paragraph mean? A. sugar
8
If your boss asks you to work in Moscow this year, he‟d better offer you more money to do so — or even double that depending on where you live now. That‟s because Moscow has just been found to be the world‟s most expensive city for the second year in a row by Mercer Human Resources Consulting.
Using the cost of living in New York as a base, Mercer determined Moscow is 34.4 percent more expensive including the cost of housing, transportation, food, clothing, household goods and entertainment (娱乐).
A two-bedroom flat in Moscow now costs $4,000 a month; a CD $24.83, and an international newspaper $6.30, according to Mercer. By comparison, a fast food meal with a hamburger (汉堡包) is a steal at $480. London takes the No. 2 place, up from No. 5 a year ago, thanks to higher cost of housing and a stronger British pound relative to the dollar. Mercer estimates (估算) London is 26 percent more expensive than New York these days. Following London closely are Seoul and Tokyo, both of which are 22 percent more expensive than New York, while No. 5 Hong Kong is 19 percent more costly.
Among North American cities, New York and Los Angeles are the most expensive and are the only two listed in the top 50 of the world‟s most expensive cities. But both have fallen since last year‟s study — New York came in 15th, down from 10th place, while Los Angeles fell to 42nd from 29th place a year ago. San Francisco came in a distant third at No. 54, down 20 places from a year earlier.
Toronto, meanwhile, is Canada‟s most expensive city but fell 35 places to take 82nd place worldwide. In Australia, Sydney is the priciest place to live in and No. 21 worldwide.
29. What do the underlined words “a steal” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. an act of stealing
B. something delicious D. an act of buying
B. ice
C. blood
D. molecule
C. something very cheap
30. London has become the second most expensive city because of _________
A. the high cost of clothing B. the stronger pound against the dollar
C. its expensive transportation D. the high prices of fast food meals 31. Which city is the third most expensive on the list? A. Tokyo. B. Hong Kong.
C. Moscow.
D. Sydney.
32. Which city has dropped most on the list in North America? A. New York. B. Los Angeles.
C. San Francisco.
9
Despite the fact that it has never been seen almost everyone is familiar with the legendary unicorn(独角兽). Descriptions of unicorns have been found dating from ancient times. The great philosopher Aristotle theorized that there were two types of unicorn--- the so-called Indian Ass and the Oryx, a kind of antelope. Unicorns are often used in the logo of a noble family, town council or university as their special sign. Even Scotland is represented by a unicorn.
According to the legend, anyone attempting to catch a unicorn had to be extremely cautious as it has a reputation for being very fierce. A clever trick suggested by unicorn-trappers, in order to catch this magnificent beast without being hurt by its horn, was for the hunter to stand in front of a tree and then to move quickly behind it as the unicorn charged. Hopefully, the creature could then be captured when its horn was stuck in the tree.
When hollowed out and used as a drinking-cup, the unicorn‟s horn was said to have the power to offer protection against person. It was believed that nobody could be harmed-by drinking the contents of a unicorn‟s horn. Right up until the French Revolution in 1789, the French court was said to have used cups made of “unicorn” horn in order to protect the king. In addition, the horn was said to have medicinal value, so much so that it could be sold for more than ten times the price of the same weight of gold. What, then, was “unicorn” horn? We know at times the rhino(犀牛) was confused with this legendary creature. A drinking-cup supposedly made of “unicorn” horn was discovered to be made of the horn of a rhino.
33. Which of the following is TRUE of the unicorn? A. It was not historically recorded B. Its horn was first used in France
C. It was similar to the Indian Ass and the Oryx D. It could be the symbol of a university
34. To catch a unicorn, the unicorn-trappers had to try all of the following EXCEPT ____. A. tempting the unicorn to attack B. making use of the tree as a protection C. hiding quickly behind the unicorn D. having the unicorn horn stuck in the tree 35. The last paragraph is mainly about ____.
D. Toronto.
A. the properties of the unicorn horn B. the users of the unicorn horn
C. the price of the unicorn horn
D. the comparison between the unicorn horn and the rhino horn
36. In the last paragraph, the word “unicorn ” is in quotation marks (引号)because _____. A. the cup is designed only for a royal family B. the unicorn does not exist in reality C. the unicorn is the rarest animal in the world D. the medicinal value of the horn is appreciated
10
Opening week specials at Munchies Food Hall. At the corner of Green and Brown Streets in the city Monday 7th of January until Sunday.13rd of January 2008 Feast until you‟re full! Come down to Monetizes time week to enjoy the special dishes on offer it all of our food outlets. Order from the following: ●Succulent chicken rice ●spicy stays beef ●Delicious noodle dishes ●plump park chips ●seafood specialties ●crunchy vegetables ●sweet tropical fruit Halal food is available at the stall Malay Mood Heaven Win Prizes and Gifts! 10％ discount on all orders above ＄20.00 Spend ＄20.00 or more and win instant prizes from our lucky draw box. Collect a free party balloon and whistle for each young diner. Enjoy a free meal if you are the first customer of the day at any of our stalls. Win a holiday to Western Australia. A free raffle ticket is given with every receipt. Just fill in your information and place your entry in the box provided. Winner to be announced in The strait Times on the 15th of January. Join in the Fun! Between 7:00 pm and 8:00 pm each evening until the 15th of January, your favorite Channel 3 television actors and singers will entertain you: ●May Lee ●Jackie Chen ●Kim Yap ●Kamal Autograph sessions will follow each performance! And who will be our extra special mystery star? Come down on Saturday at moon to find out.
Opening week specials at Munchies Food Hall. At the corner of Green and Brown Streets in the city Monday 7th of January until Sunday.13rd of January 2008 Feast until you‟re full! Come down to Monetizes time week to enjoy the special dishes on offer it all of our food outlets. Order from the following: ●Succulent chicken rice ●spicy stays beef ●Delicious noodle dishes ●plump park chips ●seafood specialties ●crunchy vegetables ●sweet tropical fruit Halal food is available at the stall Malay Mood Heaven Win Prizes and Gifts! Spend ＄20.00 or more and win instant prizes from our lucky draw box. Collect a free party balloon and whistle for each young diner. Enjoy a free meal if you are the first customer of the day at any of our stalls. Win a holiday to Western Australia. A free raffle ticket is given with every receipt. Just fill in your information and place your entry in the box provided. Winner to be announced in The strait Times on the 15th of January. Join in the Fun! Between 7:00 pm and 8:00 pm each evening until the 15th of January, your favorite Channel 3 television actors and singers will entertain you: ●May Lee ●Jackie Chen ●Kim Yap ●Kamal Autograph sessions will follow each performance! And who will be our extra special mystery star? Come down on Saturday at moon to find out. 37. Munchies Food Hall does NOT sell ____. A. lamb B. beef C. pork D. chicken 38. The prices at Munchies are ____.
A. lower than usual B. bargain prices for the opening C. lower far two people D. lower of you spend ＄21.00 39. Everyone who eats at Munchies well receive a ____. A. free raffle ticket B. lucky draw coupon C. free meal D. balloon and whistle
40. I will find out who has won the top to Western Australia when I __. A. watch Channel 3 television B. come down to Munchies at moon
C. read The Straits Times on the 5th of January D. attend the lucky draw at Munchies Food Hall 11
Topping the class academically was certainly an advantage. Studying was a breeze for Nigel. The reward was certainly incomparable to the little effort that he had to put it. It begin when he was selected to help the teachers in the computer laboratories.
The peak of his school career came not when he topped the school but when he was selected for the nationwide competition. Unlike everyone else, Nigel wanted to join the contest because he liked playing with the Lego sets and making something out of them. Nigel spent the next two months rebuilding the robot. It was during the time that Nigel found out about the prizes for the competition. Its well us auspices competitor. Alicia, from a neighboring school. His early intentions were forgotten. Getting the thousand-dollar anything else. Nigel decided to befriend Alicia. Unaware of his intentions, she told him all about the robot that she had been building for the competition. He even helped her to put the finishing branches to her robot. He was glad with the way things had progressed. His robot looked even better than Alicia‟s and it was able to become a ball with its arms, something Alicia had failed to do.
On the day of the competition, he says Alicia. Everything dawned on her the minute she saw him among the competition. She stared at him, puzzled at first, then angry and finally a look of helplessness came over her.
The flashbulbs of the camera exploded in Nigel‟s try. The robot bird performed actions so unique and different that the specialist judgments were the same. Nigel was so personal with himself that he did not even notice the girl standing a few feet away from him. Without her, he would never win the competition.
41. What reward did Nigel receive for doing well in his school work? A. He was offered a part-time job B. He was honored with a scholarship
C. He helped his teacher construct a robot D. He helped in the computer laboratories
42. Nigel‟s original intention of joining the contest was to ___. A. be the top student of the school B. being great honor to his school
C. constructs a robot with the Lego sets D. wins the thousand-dollar prize
43. Why did Nigel help Alicia finish her robot?
A. He tried to make friends with her B. He was fond of building robots C. He intended to help her D. He didn‟t want her to suspect him
44. What is the author‟s attitude towards Nigel‟s actions? A. He is mildly critical B. He is strongly critical
C. He is in favor of them D. His attitude is not clear 12
Intellectual property (IP) is a product of the mind that has commercial value. The concept dates back to 1623 when the first patent law to protect IP sights was passed. IP rights protect the artist from having his/her creative ideas copied by another. For example, if somebody generated an idea for a novel, that idea is protected by IP rights. If someone else wishes to represent the idea or develop it further, he/ she must consult the original artists, who will normally be rewarded financially for its use. Back in the 17th century, IP rights were primarily carried out to protect newly developed manufacturing processes against stealing. But today, intellectual property rights, are also enjoyed by those who creative music, art and literature.
In recent years, IP rights have been the focus of a great deal of discussion because of a technology which looks set to weaken them altogether; the Internet. Many years ago, if you wanted a recording of a song, you would have to purchase it from a music store; if a novel, form a book store. In those days, IP rights were easily protected since it was very difficult to obtain intellectual property without paying for it. However, a lot of IP, including songs, films, books and artwork, can be downloaded today free of charge using the Internet. This practice has now taken the world by storm, dramatically affecting the way in which we view IP rights.
45. According to the writer, in the beginning, If rights were mainly of use to ______. A. those creating music, art and literature B. novelists
C. engineers and inventors
D. those not receiving financial reward for their work
46. What do we know about the internet according to the passage? A. It makes IP rights harder to protect. B. It sells songs and films.
C. It does not affect the way we understand IP rights. D. It prevents the production of artwork.
47. According to paragraph 2, what has “taken the world by storm”? A. Intellectual property rights.
B. The Internet. C. Free downloading.
D. The large number of songs, films and books. 48. A possible title for this passage could be ______.
A. A History of IP Rights B. Ways to Protect Your IP Rights. C. The Present and the Future Of IP D. IP Rights and Our Attitudes
13
Most people, when they travel to space, would like to stay in orbit for a few days of more. And this stands to reason, if you‟re paying $20,000 for your trip to orbit! Strain order for tourism to reach its full potential there‟s going to be a need for orbital accommodation---or space hotels. What would a space hotel actually be like to visit? Hotels in orbit will offer the services you expect from a hotel------private rooms, meals, bars. But they‟ll also offer two unique experiences: impressive views----of Earth and space---and the endless entertainment of living in zero gravity---including sports and other activities that make use of this.
The hotels themselves will vary greatly----from being quite simple in the early days to huge luxury structure at a later date. It‟s actually surprising that as later as 1997, very few designs for space hotels were published. This is mainly because those who might be expected to design them haven‟t expected launch costs to come down far enough to make them possible.
Lots of people who‟ve been to space have described vividly what it‟s like to live in zero gravity. There are obviously all sort of possibilities for dancing, gymnastics, and zero-G sports. Luckily, you don‟t need to sleep much living in zero gravity, so you‟ll have plenty of time for relaxing by hanging out in a bar with a window looking down at the turning Earth below.
Of course all good things have come to an end. Unfortunately, And so after a few days you‟ll find yourself heading back enough you‟ll be much more expert at exercising in zero gravity than you were when you arrived. You‟ll be thinking how soon you can save up enough to get back up again---or maybe you should change jobs to get to work in an orbiting hotel.
49. When traveling in space, most people would like to stay in orbit for a few days because _______. A. It is expensive to travel in space
B. they would find the possible life in other star systems C. they could enjoy the luxury of space hotels D. they want to realise the full potential of tourism
50. Which of the following is a unique experience that space hotels will offer? A. The gravitational pull B. The special views. C. The relaxation in a bar. D. The space walk.
51. Which of the following is not discussed in the passage? A. When was the space traveling made possible?
B. What are the unique experiences that space hotels will offer? C. Why were there not many published designs for space hotels? D. How can the travelers enjoy themselves in space hotels? 52. This passage is mainly about ________. A. traveling in space
B. the ways of living in space hotels C. zero gravity and space hotels D. the description of space hotels
1-5 CBABD 21-25 CADAB 41-45 DCDAC 6-10 CBAAD 26-30 CBACB 46-50 ACDAB 参考答案
11-15 CDDBC 31-35 ADDCA 51-52 AD
16-20 ADBCD 36-40 BADAC
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