2021年高考英语真题试卷（江苏卷）
一、单项填空。请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
1.It is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
A. why B. what C. as D. that
2.More efforts, as reported, ______in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.
A. are made B. will be made C. are being made D. have been made
3.Many young people, most ______ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
A. of which B. of them C. of whom D. of those 4.— Can you tell us your _______ for happiness and a long life?
— Living every day to the full, definitely.
A. recipe B. record C. range D. receipt 5.He did not easily______ , but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.
A. approach B. wrestle C. compromise D. communicate 6.______some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure.
A. Because B. If C. Unless D. While 7.If it _______ for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.
A. had not been B. should not be C. were not to be D. should not have been 8.In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message _______ within the work.
A. to hide B. hidden C. hiding D. being hidden
9.Dashan, who ______ cross talk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.
A. will be learning B. is learning C. had been learning D. has been learning
10.Many businesses started up by college students have ______ thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.
A. fallen off B. taken off C. turned off D. left off
11.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most _________ statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.
A. explicit B. ambiguous C. original D. arbitrary 12.— Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.
— _________. Opposites sometimes do attract.
A. I hope not B. think so C. I appreciate that D. I beg to differ 13.Parents should actively urge their children to ______ the opportunity to join sports teams.
A. gain admission to B. keep track of C. take advantage of D. give rise to 14.Not until recently ______the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
A. they had encouraged B. had they encouraged C. did they encourage D. they encouraged 15.— Jack still can't help being anxious about his job interview.
— Lack of self-confidence is his ______, I am afraid.
A. Achilles' heel B. child's play C. green fingers D. last straw
二、完形填空。
16.请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Years ago, acritical event occurred in my life that would change it forever. I met Kurt Kampmeir of Success
Motivation Incorporation for breakfast. While we were 1 , Kurt asked me, \" John, what is your 2 for personal growth?\"
Never at a loss for words, I tried to find things in my life that might 3 for growth. I told him about the many activities in which I was 4 . And I went into a 5 about how hard I worked and the gains I was making. I must have talked for ten minutes. Kurt 6 patiently, but then he 7 smiled and said, “You don't have a personal plan for growth, do you?” “No, I 8 .
“You know,” Kurt said simply, “growth is not a(n) 9 process.”
And that's when it 10 me. I wasn't doing anything 11 to make myself better. And at that moment, I made the 12 : I will develop and follow a personal growth plan for my 13 . That night, I talked to my wife about my 14 with Kurt and what I had learned. I 15 her the workbook and tapes Kurt was selling. We 16 that Kurt wasn't just trying to make a sale. He was offering a 17 for us to change our lives and achieve our dreams.
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Several important things happened that day. First, we decided to 18 the resources. But more importantly, we made a commitment to 19 together as a couple. From that day on, we learned together, traveled together, and sacrificed together. It was a 20 decision. While too many couples grow apart, we were growing together. 1. A. working
B. preparing
C. thinking C. plan C. call C. lost C. discussion C. drank C. gratefully C. apologized
D. eating D. request D. qualify D. bathed D. debate D. explained D. finally D. complained
2. A. suggestion B. demand 3. A. appeal 4. A. involved 5. A. lecture
B. look B. trapped B. speech
6. A. calculated B. listened 7. A. eagerly 8. A. admitted 9. A. automatic 10. A. confused 11. A. on loan
B. gradually B. interrupted B. slow B. informed B. on purpose
C. independent D. changing C. pleased C. on sale
D. hit D. on balance D. arrangement
12. A. comment B. announcement C. decision 13. A. life 14. A. contract 15. A. lent 16. A. recalled 17. A. tool
B. progress B. conversation B. sold B. defined B. method
C. performance D. investment C. negotiation D. argument C. showed C. recognized C. way C. give C. move C. firm
D. offered D. declared D. rule D. deliver D. gather D. wise
18. A. provide B. buy 19. A. grow 20. A. difficult
B. survive B. random
三、阅读理解。
17.请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
E-Learning: An Alternative Learning Opportunity Day school Program Secondary students across Toronto District School Board(TDSB) are invited to take one or two e-Learning courses on their day school timetable. Students will remain on the roll at their day school. The on-line classroom provides an innovative relevant and interactive Learning environment. The courses and on-line classroom are provided by the Ministry of Education These on-line courses 3
are taught by TDSB secondary school teachers are part of the TDSB Student’s time table; and appear on the Student’s report upon completion Benefits of e-Learning Include: Access to courses that may not be available at his or her TDSB school Using technology to provide students with current information: and. assistance to solve timetable conflicts Is e-Learning for You? Students who are successful in on-line course are usually; able to plan, organize time and complete assignments and activities; capable of working independently in a responsible and honest manner; and , able to regularly use a computer or mobile device with internet access Students need to spend at least as much time with their on-line course work as they would in a face-to-face classroom course. （1）E-Learning courses are different from other TDSB courses in that .
A.they are given by best TDSB teachers. B.they are not on the day school timetable. C.they are not included on students’ reports. D.they are an addition to TDSB courses.
（2）What do students need to do before completing e-learning courses?
A.To learn information technology on-line. B.To do their assignments independently. C.To update their mobile devices regularly. D.To talk face to face with their teachers.
18.请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Chimps(黑猩猩) will cooperate in certain ways, like gathering in war parties to protect their territory. But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct (本能) to help one another. Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers regularly decline to share food with their children, who are able from a young age to gather their own food.
In the laboratory, chimps don't naturally share food either. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no great effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor to the next cage, he will pull at random ---he just doesn't care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish. Human children, on the other hand are naturally corporative. From the earliest ages, they decide to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving common goals. The psychologist Michael Tomasello has
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studied this cooperativeness in a series of experiment with very young children. He finds that if babies aged 18 months see an unrelated adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help. There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally possessed in young children. One is that these instincts appear at a very young age before most parents have started to train their children to behave socially. Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded. A third reason is that social intelligence develops in children before their general cognitive（认知的）skills, at least when compared with chimps. In tests conducted by Tomasello, the human children did no better than the chimps on the physical world tests but were considerably better at understanding the social world.
The core of what children's minds have and chimps’ don't is what Tomasello calls shared intentionality. Part of this ability is that they can infer what others know or are thinking. But beyond that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose. They actively seek to be part of a “we”, a group that intends to work toward a shared goal.
（1）What can we learn from the experiment with chimps?
A.Chimps seldom care about others’ interests. B.Chimps tend to provide food for their children. C.Chimps like to take in their neighbors’ food. D.Chimps naturally share food with each other.
（2）Michael Tomasello’s tests on young children indicate that they____.
A.have the instinct to help others B.know how to offer help to adults C.know the world better than chimps D.trust adults with their hands full （3）The passage is mainly about ____.
A.the helping behaviors of young children B.ways to train children's shared intentionality C.cooperation as a distinctive human nature D.the development of intelligence in children
19.请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
El Nifio, a Spanish term for “the Christ child\global weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. El Nifio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.
The weather effects, both good and bad, are felt in many places. Rich countries gain more from powerful Nifio, on balance, than they lose. A study found that a strong Nifio in 1997 helped American's economy grow by
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$15 billion, partly because of better agricultural harvest, farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain. The total rise in agricultural incomes in rich countries is greater than the fall in poor ones.
But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames. A multi-year drought (干旱）in south-east Brazil is becoming worse. Though heavy rains brought about by El Nino may relieve the drought in California, they are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters.
The most recent powerful Nino, in 1997-98, killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe. But such Ninos come with months of warning, and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare. According to the Overseas Development Institute(ODI), however, just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards.This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction.
Simple improvements to infrastructure (基础设施）can reduce the spread of disease. Better sewers (下水道）make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach. Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods. According to a paper in 2011 by Mr. Hsiang and co-authors, civil conflict is related to El Nino's harmful effects—and the poorer the country, the stronger the link. Though the relationship may not be causal, helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people. Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nino, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.
（1）What can we learn about El Nino in Paragraph 1?
A.It is named after a South American fisherman. B.It takes place almost every year all over the world. C.It forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas. D.It sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean. （2）What may El Ninos bring about to the countries affected?
A.Agricultural harvests in rich countries fall. B.Droughts become more harmful than floods. C.Rich countries’ gains are greater than their losses. D.Poor countries suffer less from droughts economically.
（3）The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that_________.
A.more investment should go to risk reduction B.governments of poor countries need more aid C.victims of El Nino deserve more compensation D.recovery and reconstruction should come first （4）What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?
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A.To introduce El Nino and its origin. B.To explain the consequences of El Nino. C.To show ways of fighting against El Nino. D.To urge people to prepare for El Nino.
20.请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Not so long ago, most people didn't know who Shelly Ann FrancisPryce was going to become. She was just an average high school athlete. There was every indication that she was just another American teenager without much of a future. However, one person wants to change this. Stephen Francis observed then eighteen-year-old Shelly Ann as a track meet and was convinced that he had seen the beginnings of true greatness. Her time were not exactly impressive, but even so, he sensed there was something trying to get out, something the other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her lacking. He decided to offer Shelly Ann a place in his very strict training sessions. Their cooperation quickly produced results, and a few years later at Jamaica's Olympic trails in early 2008, Shelly-Ann, who at that time only ranked number 70 in the world, beat Jamaica's unchallenged queen of the sprint(短跑).
“Where did she come from?” asked an astonished sprinting world, before concluding that she must be one of those one-hit wonders that spring up from time to time, only to disappear again without signs. But Shelly-Ann was to prove that she was anything but a one-hit wonder. At the Beijing Olympics she swept away any doubts about her ability to perform consistently by becoming the first Jamaican woman ever to win the 100 meters Olympic gold. She did it again one year on at the World Championship in Berlin, becoming world champion with a time of 10.73--- the fourth fastest time ever.
Shelly-Ann is a little woman with a big smile. She has a mental toughness that did not come about by chance. Her journey to becoming the fastest woman on earth has been anything but smooth and effortless. She grew up in one of Jamaica’s toughest inner-city communities known as Waterhouse, where she lived in a one-room apartment, sleeping four in a bed with her motherand two brothers. Waterhouse, one of the poorest communities in Jamaica, is a really violent and overpopulated place. Several of Shelly-Ann's friends and family were caught up in the killings; one of her cousins was shot dead only a few streets away from where she lived. Sometimes her family didn't have enough to eat. She ran at the school championships barefooted because she couldn't afford shoes. Her mother Maxime, one of a family of fourteen, had been an athlete herself as a young girl but, like so many other girls in Waterhouse, had to stop after she had her first baby. Maxime's early entry into the adult world with its responsibilities gave her the determination to ensure that her kids wouldnot end up in Waterhouse's roundabout of poverty. One of the first things Maxime used to do with Shelly-Ann was taking her to the track, and she was ready to sacrifice everything.
It didn't take long for Shelly-Ann to realize that sports could be her way out of Waterhouse. On a summer evening in Beijing in2008, all those long, hard hours of work and commitment finally bore fruit. The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty, surrounded by criminals and violence, had written a new chapter in the history of sports.
But Shelly-Ann's victory was far greater than that. The night she won Olympic gold in Beijing, the routine murders in Waterhouse and the drug wars in the neighbouring streets stopped. The dark cloud above one of the
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world's toughest criminal neighbourhoods simply disappeared for a few days.“I have so much fire burning for my country,” Shellysaid. She plans to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build acommunity centre in Waterhouse. She hopes to inspire the Jamaicans to lay down their weapons. She intends to fight to make it a woman's as well as a man's world.
As Muhammad Ali puts it, “Champions aren't made in gyms. Champions are made from something they have deep inside them. A desire, a dream, a vision.” One of the things Shelly-Ann can be proud of is her understanding of this truth.
（1）Why did Stephen Francis decide to coach Shelly-Ann?
A.He had a strong desire to free her family from trouble. B.He sensed a great potential in her despite her weaknesses. C.She had big problems maintaining her performance. D.She suffered a lot of defeats at the previous track meets.
（2）What did the sprinting world think of Shelly-Ann before the 2008 Olympic Games?
A.She would become a promising star. B.She badly needed to set higher goals. C.Her sprinting career would not last long. D.Her talent for sprinting was known to all.
（3）What made Maxime decide to train her daughter on the track?
A.Her success and lessons in her career. B.Her interest in Shelly-Ann’s quick profit. C.Her wish to get Shelly-Ann out of poverty. D.Her early entrance into the sprinting world.
（4）What can we infer from Shelly-Ann's statement underlined in Paragraph 5?
A.She was highly rewarded for her efforts. B.She was eager to do more for her country. C.She became an athletic star in her country. D.She was the envy of the whole community.
（5）By mentioning Muhammad Ali's words, the author intends to tell us that.
A.players should be highly inspired by coaches B.great athletes need to concentrate on patience C.hard work is necessary in one's achievements D.motivation allows great athletes to be on the top （6）What is the best title for the passage?
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A.The Making of a Great Athlete B.The Dream for Championship C.The Key to High Performance D.The Power of Full Responsibility
四、任务型阅读。
21.请阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
An Extension of the Human Brain
Other people can help us compensate for our mental and emotional deficiencies (欠缺)，much as a wooden leg can compensate for a physical deficiency. To be exact, other people can extend our intelligence and help us understand and adjust our emotions. When another person helps us in such ways, he or she is participating in what I've called a “social prosthetic (义肢的）system.” Such systems do notneed to operate face-to-face, and it's clear to me that the Internet is expanding the range of my own social prosthetic systems. It's already a big bank of many minds. Even in its current state, the Internet has extended my memory and judgment.
Regarding memory: Once I look up something on the Internet, I don't need to keep all the details for future use—I know where to find that informationagain and can quickly and easily do so. More generally, the Internet functions as if it were my memory. This function of the Internet is particularly striking when I'm writing; I'm no longer comfortable writing if I'm not connected to the Internet. It's become natural to check facts as I write, taking a minute or two to dip into PubMed, Wikipedia, or other websites.
Regarding judgment: The Internet has made me smarter in matters small and large. For example, when I'm writing a textbook, it has become second nature to check a dozen definitions of a key term, which helps me dig into the core andunderstand its meaning. But more than that, I now regularly compare my views with those of many others. If I have a “new idea,” I now quickly look to see whether somebody else has already thought of it, or something similar—and I then compare what I think with what others have thought. This certainly makes my own views clearer. Moreover, I can find out whether my reactions to an event are reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.
These effects of the Internet have become even more striking since I've begun using a smartphone. I now regularly pull out my phone to check a fact, watch a video, read weibo. Such activities fill the spaces that used to be dead time (such as waiting for somebody to arrive for a lunch meeting).
But that's the upside (好处). The downside is that in those dead periods I often would let my thoughts flow and sometimes would have an unexpected insight or idea. Those opportunities are now fewer and farther between.
An Extension of the Human Brain A prosthetic nature • The ________can help make up for our mental and emotional deficiencies as a wooden leg can compensate for a bodily deficiency. • It ________in our daily events, extending our intelligence, comprehending our feelings, and expanding the range of social activities. 9
Wonderful aspects: memory and judgment • On the Internet, we could quickly and easily locate the details, and check facts, without ________ them in mind. • The Internet makes us smarter over ________ kinds of things. It provides a dozen definitions of a key term for us to find the ________ of the matter. The Internet enables us to exchange ideas with many others to ________our claims, and to ________our actions. The ________sides of smartphones • Smartphones make it easier and more ________to check reality, watch video clips, read weibo. • Smartphones ________the possibility for new and insightful minds, and steal away our dead time.
五、书面表达。
22.请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
In recent years, internet voting has become increasingly popular in China. People not only cast on-line votes themselves, but also urge others to vote for competitions like the “Most Beautiful Teacher” and the “Cutest Baby”.
Li Jiang, a high school student, is invitedto vote in the “ Best Police Officer \" competition,organized by the local government to let the public have a better understanding of police officers’ daily work. Li Jiang visits the website and reads all the stories. He is deeply moved by their glorious deeds. He is already thinking of becoming a policeman himself in the future.
Su Hua is invited by his uncle to vote for his cousin in the “ Future Singer\" competition. He has already received three similar invitations this week. His uncle tells him that if his cousin wins the competition, the family will win an overseas tour for free. Su Hua likes his cousin very much, but he finds other singers perform even better. To vote, or not to vote? This is a question that troubles him very much. 【写作内容】
①用约30个单词写出上文概要；
②用约120个单词阐述你对网络投票的看法，并用2 ~3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。 【写作要求】
①写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句； ②作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称； ③不必写标题。 【评分标准】
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
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答案解析部分
一、单项填空。请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1.【答案】 D 【考点】主语从句
【解析】【分析】考查主语从句。本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是连接词that做引导的主语从句，连接词that在本句中不充当任何成分，只是一个引导词而已，不能省略。连接副词why要在句中作状语，连接代词what通常在句子中作主语、宾语或表语等；as通常不引导名词从句。句意：对于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是是事实。故D正确。
【点评】that 引导主语从句：由连词that引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下被放到句子的后面，用it 作形式主语来代替它的位置。常见的以it作形式主语的主语从句的句型有三种。 ①It + be + 形容词+that从句
适用于这种句型的常见形容词有：necessary，clear，true，strange，important，wonderful，possible，likely，obvious，surprisingetc。
表语为necessary，clear，true，strange,important, wonderful，possible, likely, obvious, surprising,astonishing, etc.等形容词时，谓语动词的形式一般为“should ＋ 动词原形” ②It +be +名词词组+ that从句
常用于这种句型的名词词组有：a fact， a goodidea，a pity，an hour，a shame，nowonder，good news etc.
③ It + be+ 过去分词+ that从句
常有的过去分词有：said，reported,hoped, believed, expected, decided, well-known, thought, suggested 等。
过去分词表示：建议，命令，愿望如suggested ，ordered， requested等词时，从句需用虚拟语气。动 词形式为：should ＋ 原型。 2.【答案】 B
【考点】动词的语态，一般将来时
【解析】【分析】考查时态语态。句意：正如报道的那样，在之前几年中做出的努力加速了供给结构改革的速度。“are made”为一般现在时；“will be made”为一般将来时，符合题意；“are being made”为被动语态的现在进行时；“have been made”为现在完成时。根据后文中的“in the years ahead”（今后的三年中）可知，本句中，主要使用时态应为一般将来时。故选项B符合答案。
3.【答案】 C
【考点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是Many young people，关系代词whom指代先行词，在定语从句中作为of的宾语。句意：很多年轻人都前往偏远地区追求他们的梦想，期中大部分人都是受过良好教育。故C正确。
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【点评】“of whom/ which”引导的定语从句：在非限制性定语从句中，先行词作为一个整体，表示整体中的一部分，即表示“部分与整体”的关系时，用…of which / whom或者of which / whom…都可以。但与表示所属关系不同，这里不能用whose来代替ofwhich。 ①表示整体中的部分
The buses, mostof which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人，它们被愤怒的人群包围着。
I picked up theapples, some of which werebadly bruised. 我拣起那些苹果，其中有一些伤得很厉害。 I bought a dozen eggs, sixof which broke when I dropped the box. 我买了一打鸡蛋，六个在我失手掉了盒子时摔碎了。
There are two bottles left, one of which is almost finishedand the other of which is not quite. 只剩两瓶，一瓶快喝完了，另一瓶没完全喝完。
The treasure some of whichhas been recovered, has been sent to the British Museum. 这些宝藏已送往大英博物馆，其中有一些是失而复得的。 ②表示所属关系
He’s written a book, the name of which I’veforgotten. 他写了一本书，书名我忘了。 句中的the name ofwhich=whose name。
It was an agreementthe details of which could not be altered. 这是一项其细节不可更改的协定。 句中的the details ofwhich=whose details。 4.【答案】 A 【考点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】考查名词词义辨析。名词recipe秘诀，食谱，药方；record记录；range范围；receipt收据，收条；句意：—你能告诉我你对幸福长寿的秘密吗？—当然是尽情享受每一天。根据句意可知A项意为“秘诀”，与上下文相符。
5.【答案】 C
【考点】动词的词义辨析，动词
【解析】【分析】考查动词辨析。动词approach靠近，接近；wrestle摔跤，斗争，努力解决；compromise妥协；和解；让步；communicate交流；句意：他并不容易妥协，但是对于正义的事业，他愿意接受任何建设性的建议。根据句意可知C项正确。
6.【答案】 D
【考点】引导让步状语从句的连词，让步状语从句
【解析】【分析】考查连词。连词because因为；if如果；unless除非，如果…不…；while尽管，然而，当……时；句意：尽管一些人被成功的渴望驱使着，但是其他人却被失败的恐惧驱使着前进。根据句意可知上下文之间存在转折关系，所以使用“while尽管……”连接。故D项正确。
【点评】连词while引导让步状语从句常放在句首，译作“尽管”、“虽然”，比although或 though语气要轻。例如：
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While I believe it is true, I cannot proveit. 虽然我相信那是真的，但我无法证明。 7.【答案】 A
【考点】虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的运用，过去完成时
【解析】【分析】考查虚拟语气。本句属于错综条件句的虚拟语气。If从句表示与过去事实相反，所以使用过去完成时，主句表示与现在事实相反，所以使用“情态动词+动词原形”。句意：如果不是因为前几天他的邀请，我现在就不会在这里了。故A正确。
【点评】有时条件从句和主句所表示的动作在时间上可以不一致（例如一个与过去事实相反，另一个与现在事实相反），这种虚拟条件句就称为错综时间虚拟条件句。在这种条件句中，动词的形式要根据具体情况进行调整。 例句：
She would never have behaved like that ifshe had some common sense. 如果她有一些常识的话，她就决不会像那样做了。 If I had a bike (now), I would have lent itto you yesterday. 假如我有自行车，昨天早就借给你了。
句型说明： 错综时间条件句中，特别注意时间状语，在这种情况下必须明确给以时间或通过上下文可明白看出时间不同，否则就按一般时间搭配使用。 8.【答案】 B
【考点】分词，非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】考查分词作定语。本句中名词短语a secret message与动词hide构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词短语hidden within the work在句中作后置定语，修饰名词短语a secret message，相当于定语从句that is hidden within the work。AC项表示主动含义，D项强调正在进行，与语境不符。故B正确。
【点评】过去分词作定语，在语态上，表被动；在时间上，表示动作已经发生或完成，与它所修饰的名词有逻辑（意义）上的动宾关系。过去分词作定语时，所修饰的名词在逻辑上相当于被动句中的主语，过去分词相当于谓语。 过去分词作定语表示动作在谓语动作之前发生，已经完成并具有被动意义。有时也不表示时间性。作定语的过去分词一般由及物动词变来，因为只有及物动词才有被动意义。 例如： He is a teacher loved by his students. 他是个很受学生爱戴的老师。
也有用不及物动词的过去分词作定语的情况，一般作前置定语，它不表示被动意义，只表示主动意义，强调动作完成。不能像及物动词的过去分词那样放在名词后面作定语。
例如： fallen leaves 落叶 retired workers 退休工人 the risen sun 升起的太阳 9.【答案】 D
【考点】现在完成进行时
【解析】【分析】考查时态。本句的时间状语是“for decades几十年来”，该时间状语通常和现在完成的有关时态连用，本句强调这几十年来大山一直努力把中国相声和西方的脱口秀相结合。所以使用现在完成进行时，强调动作的延续性和反复性。故D正确。
10.【答案】 B
【考点】动词短语的辨析
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【解析】【分析】考查动词短语辨析。短语fall off跌落，下降；take off起飞，成功，受欢迎；turn off关闭；leave off停止，中断；句意：由于良好的创业环境，很多大学生创办的生意都很成功。根据句意可知B正确。
11.【答案】 A
【考点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】考查形容词词义辨析。形容词explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱两可的，含糊不清的；original原始的，最初的；arbitrary任意的，专制的；句意：对于如何以及在什么基础上收集数据，他的综合调查提供了最清晰的说明。故A正确。
12.【答案】 D
【考点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】考查交际用语。I hope not我可不希望这样；I thinkso我认为如此；I appreciate that我很感激；I beg to differ恕我不能同意；本题的关键词是后句“Opposites sometimesdo attract.”意见相反的人有时会相互吸引。说明对话两个人的意见并不一致。故D项“恕我不能同意”符合上下文。
13.【答案】 C
【考点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】考查短语辨析。动词短语gain admissionto 获准进入；keep track of记录；take advantage of利用；give riseto引起；句意：父母亲应该积极鼓励孩子抓住机会参加体育活动。根据句意可知C项正确。
14.【答案】 C 【考点】倒装句
【解析】【分析】考查部分倒装。当not until所引导的时间状语从句放在句首的时候，主句要使用部分倒装句。排除AD项，B项为过去完成时，上下文中并没有体现出过去的过去的时间。句意：直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。故C正确。
【点评】部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 15.【答案】 A
【考点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】考查谚语。Achilles’ heel唯一的致命的弱点；child's play容易做的事情，轻而易举的事情；green fingers擅长园艺的人；last straw压死骆驼的最后一根稻草。句意：Jack仍然情不自禁地担心他的工作面试。恐怕缺少自信是他唯一的弱点。根据句意可知A正确。
二、完形填空。
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16.【答案】 （1）D；（2）C；（3）D；（4）A；（5）B；（6）B；（7）D；（8）A；（9）A；（10）D；（11）B；（12）C；（13）A；（14）B；（15）C；（16）C；（17）C；（18）B；（19）A；（20）D； 【考点】记叙文，人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文属于记叙文，如果我们要成功，就需要有详细的个人成长计划，在Kurt的影响之下，我和妻子在一起成长，取得了很好的个人成就。
（1）考查上下文串联。根据此空前“for breakfast”，可知我在吃早餐的时候遇见了Kurt，当我们正在吃饭的时候，他问我对个人成长有什么样的计划。故D项符合上下文串联。
（2）考查上下文串联。根据“You don’t have a personal plan for growth, do you?对于个人成长你并没有计划，是吧？”可知Kurt再问我个人成长计划是什么。故C项正确。
（3）考查动词短语辨析。动词appeal呼吁，吸引（通常与to连用）；look for寻找；call for需要；qualify for有资格，能胜任；当Kurt提出这个问题的时候，我努力找出一些个人生活中与成长有关的事情。与ABC三项的语义不搭配。故D正确。
（4）考查形容词短语。本句是定语从句，介词in提前至关系代词which之前。形容词短语be involved in参与……，卷入……；be trapped in被困在……中；be lost in沉浸在……；be bathed in被……笼罩；我告诉他很多我所参加的活动。根据句意可知A正确。
（5）考查名词辨析。名词lecture讲课，训话；speech演说，演讲；discussion讨论；debate辩论；争论；我在发表关于自己如何努力工作并取得了很大的成就的演讲。与讨论、争论及讲课无关。故B正确。 （6）考查上下文串联。动词calculate计算，估算；listen听；drink喝；explain解释；我讲了十几分钟自己的个人努力及成就，Kurt在耐心的听我说。故B正确。
（7）考查副词辨析。副词eagerly急切地；gradually逐渐地；gratefully感激地；finally最后，终于；耐心地听我讲了很长时间，最后他笑着对我说：对于个人成长你并没有计划，是吧？故D正确。
（8）考查动词辨析。动词admit承认；interrupt打断；apologize道歉；complain抱怨；“Kurt笑着对我说：对于个人成长你并没有计划，是吧？”这是一个否定的反义疑问句，在回答的时候“no”翻译为“是的”。说明我承认自己并没有个人成长计划。故A项正确。
（9）考查形容词辨析。形容词automatic自动的；slow缓慢的；independent独立的；changing不断变化的；Kurt告诉我成长并不是一个自动的过程，一定要有计划性，有计划的个人成长才是有效的成长。从那以后我意识到自己在这方面的缺乏并作出改变。BCD三项与语义不搭配。
（10）考查动词辨析。动词confuse使...困惑；inform通知；please使...高兴；取悦；hit击中；打动；触动；Kurt的话触动了我，我的确没有有意识地做一些事情让自己变得更好。故D项正确。
（11）考查介词辨析。介词on loan暂借，出借的；on purpose故意地；on sale降价出售；on balance总之；他的话让我意识到自己的确没有有意地做一些让自己更好的事情。故B项正确。
（12）考查上下文串联。根据文章It was a decision.可知我做出了一个决定：要为我的生活做一个个人的成长计划。故C项正确。
（13）考查上下文串联。名词life生活；progress进步；performance表现；investment投资；根据what isyour for personal growth?可知这个计划是为个人成长计划，是与个人生活有关的计划。BCD三项都属于A项的范围。故A正确。
（14）考查上下文串联。名词contract合同，契约；conversation对话；negotiation谈判；协商；argument争论；根据文章前两段可知我和Kurt在吃早饭的时候，进行了一次关于个人成长计划的谈话。故B正确。
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（15）考查动词辨析。动词lend借入；sell出售；show展示；offer提供；我向我妻子展示了Kurt正在出售的书和磁带。我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。故ABD三项语义不搭配。故C正确。
（16）考查动词辨析。动词recall回忆；define定义；recognize意识到，认出；declare宣布；我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。根据句意可知C正确。 （17）考查名词辨析。名词tool工具；method方法（通常与介词with连用）；way方法；rule规则；Kurt给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。B项的介词搭配错误。故C正确。
（18）考查上下文串联。根据文章前一段可知我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。说明我们认可了他的观点，所以我们购买了他的书和磁带等资源。故B正确。
（19）考查山下文串联。根据上文可知Kurt和我谈论的是个人成长的话题，我和妻子在他的影响下承诺共同成长，一起进步。故A正确。
（20）考查上下文串联。根据后句“While too many couples grow apart, we were growing together.”可知我和妻子一起成长。说明他的资源对我们有很好的作用，我们做出的是一个明智的决定。故D项正确。 【点评】完形填空的首句往往开宗明义，是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往是对文章主题的总结。所以，它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口，对我们理解全文有着重要的启示作用。因此，要充分利用段首句提供的信息，去挖掘文章的思路，寻找文章的脉络与线索。一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句，便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了when,where, who, what，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事，为了测试语篇的理解能力，出题者特别注意选材的趣味性，其结尾往往出人意料，耐人寻味；
以本文为例，作者在前两句中提及到时间：yearsago，for breakfast；人物：I、Kurt说明叙述的是多年之前在吃早饭的时候，我和Kurt进行的一番对话。
另外完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语”，不能随意改动。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨析能力，特别是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力。本文均为词汇知识的辨析。
同时我们利用复现信息解题。语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正确答案。 三、阅读理解。 17.【答案】 （1）D （2）B
【考点】推理判断题，细节理解题，时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了TDSB学校中给学生提供的网络学习课程，介绍了这一课程的内容、益处以及要求。
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（1）推理判断题。根据Benefitof e-Learning部分Include: Access to courses that may notbe available at his or her TDSB school.可知该网络学习涵盖一些TDSB学校里没有的课程。也就是说E-Learning中的一些课程是TDSB课程的一些有益的补充。故D正确。
（2）推理判断题。根据Is e-Learningfor You？部分Student who are successful in on-line courseare usually; capable of working independently in a responsible and honestmanner;可知只要那些以责任地诚实的态度能够独立完成作业的学生才可以在这项课程中取得成功。故B项正确。 【点评】在完成广告类阅读时，我们可以使用题干定向法和排除法解题。
①题干定向法： 如果题干的问题与原文中的相应句段基本相同，则可直接对号入座；如果题干的问题与原文中的相应句段有较大出入，则要进行一定的处理，这个“ 处理”是多方面的，它可能包括对原文进行同义变换、对概念进行解析、对事实进行归纳、将具体问题抽象化或将抽象问题具体化、将文中提到的原则或规则进行实际运用等等。
以为例根据题干内容，定位于Benefits ofe-Learning部分Access to courses that may not be availableat his or her TDSB school可知E-Learning中的一些课程是TDSB课程的一些有益的补充。
②错误排除法：一般说来，对于那些与文意明显不符或与文章内容不相关的选项比较容易排除， 但有些选项与文章内容相符，却与题干问题不吻合，即属答非所问的情形，也应作为错误项予以排除，尤其是那些从文章中摘录的句子，要特别小心，它们很有可能是干扰项。除了验证其是否能回答所提问题外，还要看它是否回答了问题的主要方面， 也就是说看它是不是最佳答案， 如果它只能回答所提问题的一个侧面或还有比它更合适的选项，都要毫不犹豫地将其排除。 18.【答案】 （1）A （2）A （3）C
【考点】主旨大意题，推理判断题，社会文化类，议论文
【解析】【分析】本文从猩猩的自私行为导入到人类无私帮助他人的本能，分析了人类愿意帮助他人、愿意与他人合作的本能天性的原因。
（1）推理判断题。根据文章第二段后两句“If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plateof food for himself or……he will pull at random ---he just doesn’t care whether hisneighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.”可知黑猩猩很自私，通常会把邻居的食物搞的一团糟。说明他们根本不关心其他人的利益。故A正确。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句children. He findsthat if babies aged 18 months see an worried adult with hands full trying to opena door, almost all will immediately try to help.和第四段第一句There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, informand share are not taught .but naturally possessed in young children.可知只有18个月的孩子就知道去帮助他人，而却帮助他人的做法并不是父母亲教的，属于人类的本能。故A项正确。
（3）主旨大意题。本文属于科普说明文，作者从猩猩的自私行为导入到人类无私帮助他人的本能，分析了人类愿意帮助他人、愿意与他人合作的本能天性的原因。ABD都属于文章的部分内容，并非中心思想。故C项正确。
【点评】本文属于主旨大意题。本文使用了正方形写作法。即中心主题隐含在全文之中，没有明确的主题句。阅读这样的文章，就要求考生根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主
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旨。分析的方法是，先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几个方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。该类型的试题则迎刃而解。注意总结性的提示词和转折词，特别要注意中心句。（自然段少的文章中心句不很明显。自然段多的文章，则比较好联系中心句，找一个和中心句最贴近的选项），文章段落的中间部分则可采用略读或扫读的方式，一则省时间，二则目标明确，正确率自然也相应提高了。掌握了找主题句或中心句的方法，就可以依据主题句或中心句归纳主题。
考生要特别注意： 首段陷阱。即首段虽然貌似主题句或中心句，但却没有完整概括文章全意，或只片面地说到文章的某一个层次，或者是作者设置的几个需要读者判定的文意。这样的信息用来做主题句或中心句就会落入陷阱。以本文为例：本文的第一段只是一个导入的段落，从第一段中猩猩的自私行为导入到第三段中人类无私帮助他人的本能，分析了人类愿意帮助他人、愿意与他人合作的本能天性的原因。 19.【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）A （4）D
【考点】主旨大意题，推理判断题，细节理解题，科普环保类，说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了厄尔尼诺现象对地球的影响，并告诉我们诺政府应该做更多的投资预防厄尔尼诺的危害而不是在出现问题以后再进行重新补救和恢复。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句El Nifio sees warmwater, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwardswhen winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.可知厄尔尼诺现象见证了海洋中水流方向的变化。故D正确。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段第二句话Rich countries gain more frompowerful Nifio, on balance, than they lose.可知富有国家从厄尔尼诺现象中得到的好处要大于所得到的坏处。接着第三句中列举了1997年的厄尔尼诺给美国经济带来的好处。故C项正确。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段第三句According to the OverseasDevelopment Institute (ODI), however, just 12% of disaster-relief funding in thepast two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery andrebuilding afterwards.根据ODI的观点，为应对厄尔尼诺政府应该做更多的投资预防厄尔尼诺现象的危害而不是在出现以后再进行重新补救和恢复。故A项正确。
（4）目的意图题。本文主要介绍了厄尔尼诺现象对地球的影响，并告诉我们诺政府应该做更多的投资预防厄尔尼诺的危害而不是在出现问题以后再进行重新补救和恢复。再根据最后一句“Since the poorest are least likely to make up for theirlosses from disasters linked to El Nino, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.”各国政府要把减少损失放在优先的位置。也就是说我们要事先做好准备。故D项正确。 【点评】本文属于阅读理解中的目的意图题。作者在描述事实或传递信息时,不管他的意图是什么,其观点和态度都不可避免地在文章中反映出来｡常见的涉及到作者态度的词有褒义类词（approving,positive, optimistic,等），贬义类词(critical, pessimistic, doubtful,questioning)和中性类词(indifferent, serious, objective, concerned,neutral)。这就要求考生在阅读时应特别注意文章的措辞,尤其注意那些表达感情色彩的形容词如improving,encouraging, disappointing, fail, ignore等，以及作者对人物语言､行为和思想的描写,从中领悟作者的写作意图和态度｡
本文最后一句Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their lossesfrom disasters linked to El Nino, reducing their losses needs to be thepriority.既然最贫穷的国家最不可能从厄尔尼诺这样的灾难中得到弥
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补，那么我们要把减少损失放在首要位置。从本句的措词中可以看出本文正是要敦促我们要为可能发生的厄尔尼诺做好准备。 20.【答案】 （1）B （2）C （3）C （4）B （5）D （6）A
【考点】主旨大意题，推理判断题，人物故事类，夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇励志短文，牙买加著名女飞人Shelly-Ann从不被人看好到成为奥运冠军，再到最后成为世界上跑的最快的女性，并想用自己的影响力改变能够吞噬了很多人梦想的贫民窟。
（1）推理判断题。根据第一段五、六句“StephenFrancis observed then eighteen-year-old Shelly Ann as a track meet and was convincedthat he had seen the beginning of true greatness. Her time were not exactly impressive,but even so, he seemed there was something trying to get out, something the othercoaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her lacking.”可知StephenFrancis教练从她的身上看到了其他教练忽视的潜力。故B正确。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Where didshe come from?” asked an astonished sprinting world, before concluding that shemust be one of those one-hit wonders that spring up from time to time, only to
disappearagain without signs.当2008年奥运会上Shelly-Ann获得冠军以后，很多人都质疑她是一个流星而已，认为她的成功不会延续很长时间。故C项正确。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句Maxime’searly entry into the adult world with its responsibilities gave her the determinationto ensure that her kids would not end up in Waterhouse's roundabout of poverty.One of the first things Maxime used to dowith Shelly-Ann was taking her to the track, and she was ready to sacrifice everything.可知Shelly-Ann的母亲Maxime很早进入要承担很多责任的成人世界，她决定要让女儿Shelly-Ann离开混乱的Waterhouse，唯一的方法就是让女儿练习田径。故C项正确。
（4）推理判断题。根据第五段最后四句“I have so much fireburning for my country,” Shelly said. She plans to start a foundationfor homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse. She hopesto inspire the Jamaicans to lay down their weapons. She intends to fight to makeit a woman’s as well as a man’s world.可知Shelly-Ann计划为牙买加建立无家可归儿童基金会，鼓励牙买加人放下武器。说明她很迫切地想为祖国做一些事情。故B项正确。
（5）推理判断题。根据最后一段拳王阿里的名言：冠军不是体育馆里造出来的。造就冠军的是冠军内心深处的某种东西─渴望、梦想、愿景。他们需同时拥有技能和意志，但是意志必须强于技能。作者是在鼓励运动员们达到巅峰。故D项正确。
（6）标题概括题。本文介绍了牙买加著名女飞人Shelly-Ann从不被人看好到成为奥运冠军，再到最后成为世界上跑的最快的女性。激励我们要想成功必须要经过艰苦的努力。故A项正确。BCD三项的范围有点过大，与文章不贴切。
【点评】本文属于主旨大意题中的标题概括题。文章标题通常有如下要求：不能过大、过于笼统，放之四海皆适用；也不能过小、以偏概全，挂一漏万。标题是文章中心思想的精练表达,多为一个名词词组，短
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小明了,函盖性强｡做这类题目时,要在阅读全文的基础上,把握好层次关系。注意选项的归纳范围要恰如其分,干扰项往往是局部信息，是某一小节或文章里的某一句。所以我们在解题时要反复推敲，把概括范围过窄或过宽的选项过滤掉。 好的文章标题具有较强的针对性、独特性，能够准确地概括出这篇短文的主旨大意，而不是其它文章的大意。本题中BCD三项的内容都与文章内容不够贴切，范围显得过大。我们可以使用逆向推理方法识别范围过大的标题。 四、任务型阅读。 21.【答案】 Internet
；participates/joins
；keeping
；all/different/various
；heart/core ；check ；judge
；mixed/two
；convenient ；reduce
【考点】日常生活类，议论文，任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】现代社会中网络对我们的影响越来越大，可以弥补我们精神和情感上的缺陷。文章从网络对我们的记忆和判断方面的影响作出了详细说明，同时也阐述了智能手机对我们带来的不利之处。
①Internet原词再现。根据低于段度四句Such systems do not need to operateface-to-face, and it’s clear to me that the Internet is expanding the range of myown social prosthetic systems.可知因特网可以拓展社会主义肢系统的范围，也就是说网络可以弥补我们精神和情感上的缺陷。
②participates/joins同义句转换。根据第一段最后两句It’s already a big bank of manyminds. Even in its current state, the Internet has extended my memory and judgment.可知网络已经成为思维的汇聚地，已经拓展了我们的记忆和判断。说明网络参与到我们的日常生活的方方面面。所以动词短语？“participate/joinin”符合句意。
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③keeping词形转换。根据第二段第一句“Once I look up something on the Internet, I don’t needto keep all the details……”可知网络让我们不需要记住很多东西，需要的时候只要从网络上搜索即可。动词短语“keep……in mind记住”，在表格中放在介词without的后面，要使用动名词keeping的形式。
④all/different/various同义词转换。根据第三段第一句The Internethas made me smarter in matters small and large.可知网络让我们在大大小小的事情上更聪明。原文中“matterssmall and large”就是“all/different/various”的事情。
⑤heart/core同义句转换。根据第三段第二句“.....which helps me dig into the core and understandits meaning”可知网络能让我们找的事物的核心并理解其真正含义。故短语“the core/heartof the matter”和原文中“dig into the core”语义一致。
⑥check 同义词转换。根据第三段第四句“If I havea “ new idea,” I now quickly look to see whether somebody else has already thoughtof it, or something similar—and I then compare what I think with what others havethought.”当我们有了新的观点以后，我们会上网检查核对别人是否已经有了同样的观点，并对自己的行动做出判断。表格中check与原文语义一致。
⑦judge 归纳总结。根据第三段最后一句“Moreover, I can find out whether my reactionsto an event are reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.”而且在网络上阅读其他人的信息，让我判断我的行为是否合理，所以表格里使用动词judge。
⑧mixed/two 归纳总结。在文章最后两段中既提到了智能手机的优点也提到了其缺点。所以这是智能手机的正反两方面内容，所以使用形容词“mixed/two”。
⑨convenient 同义句转换。根据第四段后两句I now regularly pull out my phone to check afact, watch a video, read weibo. Such activities fill the spaces that used to bedead time (such as waiting for somebody to arrive for a lunch meeting).可知我们可以使用智能手机随时查信息，看视频，读微博，使用起来非常方便。所以使用形容词“convenient”。
⑩reduce句意转换。根据文章最后两句“The downside is that in those dead periods I often wouldlet my thoughts flow and sometimes would have an unexpected insight or idea. Thoseopportunities are now fewer and farther between.”在过去那些“dead periods”时，我总会有一些灵光一现的神来之念，但是现在这些时间都被只能手机占用了。无疑就减少了这些神来之念的可能性。所以表格中只用“reduce the possibility”。 【点评】任务型读写题中的阅读能力同样要求考生在有限的时间内快速领会文章 的主旨大意，快速理解句段细节意义和理清上下文的逻辑关系，要能够理解文章作者的观点、态度和意图，同时不能忽视对语篇的整体把握和领悟。考查题型分为以下三类：
（一）信息筛选题：信息筛选题是基础题目，一般可以直接通过将表格和短文进行对照，边读文章边找出与试题相关的句子信息，获取到相关单词，有时试题和原文句型句式不同，需进行简单的逻辑推理然后找到相应单词，不需变化，直接填入。如
（二）整合转换题：整合转换题是典型的二次加工题型，需要考生有基本的构词法知识，对句子成分和词性的对应关系要明确。做题时，不但要找到与试题相关的句子信息，还要根据词法和句法知识以及上下文的逻辑关系进行加工，从而提炼出新词。可细分为如下两种情况：（1）词形整合转换。被考查单词在原文和试题中充当的句子成分不同，因而需在名词、动词、形容词、副词等之间进行转换。如（2）句型整合转换。试题中的被考查单词在原文中找不到同根词，无法获取单词进行转换，需根据原文中相应句子的意义和上下文逻辑联系进行句型转换。如
①表格内词性、大小写和语法运用上要保持一致。同一单元格要注意在用词方面保持一致的格式。
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②善用同义词和反义词进行转换。 ③正确使用构词法。 ④熟练运用语法句型转换。
（三）综合概括题：综合概括题要求考生对全文或段落进行总体语篇把握，通过观察表格的设置特点，从而归纳和概括出所考查的单词。此类设题一般位于表格的第一行或第一列。为了更快捷地掌握概括能力，总结和熟记一些概括性词汇及其固定搭配也是很有必要的。如 下面举一些基本的概括性词汇：总结、概括：conclusion,summary
建议：suggestion, tip, advice,proposal, recommendation 影响：effect, influence, impact 印象：impression 因果：reason, cause; result,consequence。 五、书面表达。
22.【答案】 On-line voting becomesincreasingly popular, and many competitions get people involved in it. It is beneficial to some people, while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not.
In my opinion, on-linevoting is an inseparable part of modern life and should be welcomed, since it isno more than a way to participate in public life. It makes no difference from ordinaryvoting events, in which candidates go around to seek supports. In addition, theInternet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient, regardless of time andspace. Furthermore, voting on the Internet makes instant feedback possible.
To be honest, voters sometimesfeel annoyed, not because they hate voting, but because they are divided betweenemotion and fairness. Things will turn for the better if we can work out some participationrules for people to obey. Therefore, I hold a positive attitude towards on- linevoting.
(150words)
Possibl eversion two:
Internet voting is quite popular nowadays. Many people are somewhat puzzled at the negative side of the voting,although some are quite happy with it, and active in doing it.
In my opinion, internetvoting has begun to show its negative impacts on people and society. Firstly, peoplemay feel forced when asked to do things that they don’t want to. Secondly, votingof this kind does not depend on the strong points of the competitors, but ratheron how many social-networking resources they have. Thirdly, the voters or even thecompetitors in many cases are possibly taken advantage of by the organizers forcommercial purposes.
In short, internet voting,to some extent, is unfair, if not immoral, and cannot be trusted. Therefore, rulesshould be worked out and strictly observed. Everyone in our society should helpthose in need, but it is more important to be sincere and earnest.
(150words)
【考点】命题作文，文字式议论文
【解析】【分析】考查任务型读写。此类作文对考生的能力要求极高。首先考生要以30字概述短文内容。接下来就网络投票发表个人看法并提出理由和根据。文章要使用第三人陈和一般现在时为主的时态。要求：
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概述：网络投票越来越流行，几乎人人都参与了网络投票，在给人们带来好处的同时，有时候也让人进退两难不知道是否应该参加这样的投票。
支持：网络投票和生活密切相关，我们应该积极参与。理由及依据：（1）它是一种社会生活的方式；网络给投票方便容易，不受时间和地点的束缚。同时网络投票的反馈迅速可靠。（2）虽然有时候网络投票也会给我们带来困扰，但如果有更好的参与规则，网络投票就会更加规范合理。
反对：网络投票会给人带来负面的影响。（1）人们会因为网络投票而产生被迫的感觉。（2）网络投票结果并不客观；（3）网络投票可能会被故意利用。建议考生在写作概述时，语言简练不拖沓。注意使用本人熟悉的词汇及句式，以增加获得高分的可能性。不要堆砌使用串联词，穿插使用陈述句、祈使句和被动句式，让文章更加丰富多样化。
【点评】本篇范文很好地完成了所有任务。文章结构合理，层次分明。第一段总结归纳短文内容提出网络投票很流行，给人们带来好处同时也有不利之处。第二段提出个人观点并给出理由，两篇范文中正反观点明确，论据有力；第三段中提出合理化建议；时态和人称运用准确无误无误，全文无中国式英语思维，体现出很高的运用语言的能力。从写作技巧来看，文章中使用了较多的复合句，如定语从句..... in which candidates go around to seek supports.状语从句.....ifwe can work out some participation rules for people to obey.同时文章中串联词运用较为合理，如in my opinion、in addition、furthermore、to behonest等等。
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