Key to All Units （abridged)
Unit One
Words in Action 1 ) 1. They claim that they have discovered a cure for the disease, but this has not yet
been proved. 2. If Jane is not here in 10 minutes， we’ll assume that she isn't coming and we won’t wait for her any longer。 3. After years of hard work, she became qualified as a doctor last year。 4. They based their estimate on the figures for the last four years。 5. Some Chinese words have no equivalents in English。 6. The train leaves at about half past eight-8:32, to be precise.7。 If you want my personal opinion， I don’t think you should go there. 8. The rights of the individual are perhaps the most important rights in society. 9。 She promised solemnly that she would not say a word about it to anyone. 10. The house is too small for a family of five; furthermore， it is in a bad condition。 11。 Human beings are much more intelligent than animals。 12。 Her new novel is based on her adventures in Africa。
2) 1. obtain 2. confident 3. communicate 4. advantage 5. relevant 6.
helpful 7。 extreme 8. enjoyable 9。 means 10。 process 11. particularly 12。 characters 13。 astonished 14。 apparently
3) 1. fond of 2。 is … related to 3。 according to 4. To a certain extent 5。 vice versa
6。 no doubt 7。 rid … of 8. cleared up 9. or else 10. at all costs 11。 sure enough 12. let alone 13。 based on 14。 It's no use 15. in my view 16. was worth
Increasing your word power
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1) 1。 c 2. d 3. b 4. b 5。 b 6. d
2 ） 1。 highly/very 2. quite/very 3. quite/very/increasingly 4. quite/simply/very 3） ADVERBS
ADJECTIVES
efficiently
efficient
fluently fluent
quickly quick
cheaply cheap
continually continual
probably probable
adventurously adventurous
finally final
steadily steady
slowly slow
solemnly
solemn
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really real
apparently apparent
tentatively tentative
exactly exact
4) 1。 No mistake 2. especially 3。 necessary 4。 frequently 5. mistake 6。 easy 7。 No mistake
No
8。 individual 9. many 10。 highly
11。 apparent 12。 remarkable 13. probably 14. No mistake
Grammar Review Task 1： 1. would/should 2。 should/would 3. might 4。 would 5. must 6。
can’t 7. should， should 8。 must
Task 2: 1。 We passed the afternoon very pleasantly, roller—skating in the sun and
talking about our childhood under a tree. / The afternoon passed very pleasantly, while we roller-skated in the sun and talked about our childhood under a tree。 2。 On entering the lecture hall， I was surprised at the size of the crowd. / When I entered the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd. 3。 When I was only a small boy, my father took me to Beijing and we had a lot of fun together. 4. To write well, a person must read good books。
Cloze (1） doubt (2） efficient （3） where （4) advantage (5) afford (6) claim （7)
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fluently （8) qualified (9） extent （10） ridiculous （11) perfect （12) as (13) because （14) individual
Translation 1) 1。 The baby can't even crawl yet， let alone walk!
2。 Will claimed he was dining with a group of friends at the time of the murder， but in my opinion he told a lie.
3. To a certain extent the speed of reading is closely related to reading skills； and with reading skills you can cope with outside class reading better.
4. According to the regulation/rule, they both can play the game/participate in the game.
5. Some people assume that there is a Chinese equivalent for every Japanese word。
6。 We have passed all relevant information on to the police.
7. There is no use asking me any more questions about that matter because I won't answer。
8. It was a mistake on Jim’s part to sign the contract without reading it carefully.
9。 They refused to provide us with all the information we need.
10。 This accident is very similar to the one that happened three years ago。
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11. The film is based on a play by Shakespeare.
12. If you have a good command of English and computer skills, you will surely have an advantage over others in finding a job.
2)近年来英语教学法有了很大改变，但是还是有大量的教学活动建立在行为主义心理学基础之上.
那些信奉行为主义心理学理论的教师热衷于让学生复述短语，并迫使学生做一些只需不断更换句中某个词的练习。假如我们是鹦鹉或黑猩猩,那么这些方法或许能奏效.但是我们不是鹦鹉或黑猩猩，人类的语言交际必须是真实、有意义的.
Theme related writing Write a passage in about 100-120 words, taking either of the following titles： Why I like to learn English
I have learned English for about seven years。 I should say that I am highly motivated to master English. First of all， learning English is useful, as it is becoming a world language and people from different countries often communicate with one another in English。 If I am good at English, it will be much easier for me to communicate with them。 Secondly， I like traveling a lot. A good mastery of English will make things much easier for me when traveling around the world. Finally, I like literature a lot。 If I am very good at English, I can read great works by Shakespeare and Dickens and many other English writers instead of reading the translated versions。 （118 words)
Why I hate to learn English
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I have learned English for about seven years。 I should say the more I learn English， the more I hate it. First of all, learning English is boring. I have to memorize many new words or rely on a dictionary to frequently check unknown words. Doing so wastes a lot of my precious time。 Secondly， I don’t understand why we have to learn a foreign language。 I don't want to go abroad and I can always find a job that doesn’t need English in China。 Finally, I can always read translated versions of the books I want to read. So, if I don't have to learn English, I would rather use the time I spend on English to do things I like. (121 words)
Unit 2
Enhance your language awareness
Words in Action
Working with words and expressions 1) 1。 There were 24 people enrolled in the French class。 2。 It was so cold in the air—conditioned room that Jane had to wrap herself in a blanket. 3. What are you complaining about? You have already got everything you want. 4。 When I turned off the TV， all my three kids protested. 5。 When the father learned about his son's school performance, he beamed with satisfaction. 6. The children panicked when they saw the serious look on the teacher's face. 7。 How do people celebrate New Year’s Day in your country? 8。 He is too stubborn to admit that he was wrong。 9。 George is very ambitious about his future though he is just a teenager。 10. My son is very good at figures ， and he plans to take up Mathematics as his major。 11。 How can you keep your children at home for the whole week? Of course， they will get restless.12。 He got very
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frustrated when he learned that he had failed the exam again. 13。 Being a very possessive father， he felt very unhappy when he learned his daughter was going to get married。
2） 1。 create 2. conflict 3. involved 4. overcame 5. have survived 6。 attend 7. frowned 8. wander 9。 guilty 10。 sustained 11. survey 12. awkward 13. recall 14。 terrified 15。 insurance 16. Adapting
3） 1。 was sick of 2。 choking back 3。 Compared with 4. settled into 5. would give anything 6. in the midst of 7。 in his own right 8。 on my own 9. fit in with 10。 grew apart from 11。 No wonder 12. staying up 13。 was annoyed with 14. was scared of 15。 in trouble 16. For instance
Increasing your word power 1） 1。 possessive 2。 overprotective 3. frustrated 4。 possessive 5。 lenient …strict 6。 rebellious 7。 frustrated 8。 restless 9。 stubborn
2) 1。 survey 2. sustain 3。 attend 4. terrify 5. wrap 6。 recall
1。 After surveying the damage， we concluded that it was caused by animals。 2. His car sustained dents when it hit the road block. 3. The teachers will attend our meeting this afternoon。 4。 The stern expression on his face terrified me. 5。 Please wrap the presents carefully. 6. When he recalled what happened ten years ago, he still couldn’t help feeling sorry.
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3)
Words Suffixes Adjectives Chinese meaning
（1）danger —ous dangerous 危险的
（2)irony -y → -ic ironic 具有讽刺意味的
（3）fury -y → —ious furious 暴怒的
（4)industry —y → -ious industrious 勤奋的
（5)joy —ous joyous （令人）高兴的
（6）ambition —ion →—ious ambitious 有抱负的；有野心的
(7)fame —e → ous famous 著名的
(8)hero —ic heroic 英勇的
(9）adventure -e → —ous adventurous 喜欢冒险的;胆大的
4 )1. dangerous 2。 ironic 3。 fury 4。 heroic 5. adventure … fame
Grammar Review Task 1
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1. a。： vt.； b。： vi。, with the same meaning: ”not to die” 2. a.： vi.; b.： vt., with the same meaning: \"to write back” 3. a。： vi。， meaning \"to succeed in dealing with sth.” b.: vt。 meaning \"to be in control or in charge of\" 4. a.： vi.， meaning ”to make a telephone call” b。： vt。， meaning ”to say or consider that （sb。 or sth.) is （sth。)”
Task 2
1. F argued with each other 2。 F The accident happened… 3. F enjoyed it 4. T 5。 T 6。 F shouted at 7. T 8。 T
Task 3
Verbs Transitive Intransitive Sample Sentences
settle yes yes 1。 He finally managed to settle the problem。2。 He
settled down in a small seaside village。
change yes yes 1. Thank you. You have changed my life.2. Do you
think Jane has changed a lot？
agree yes yes I agree with you。
panic with you.
yes 1.He agreed that he had been thoughtless.2. I agree
pass yes yes 1. The Congress passed the bill。2。 He passed by
without greeting me。
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explain yes yes 1. Let me explain the problem to you。2。 Don't get
angry with me。 I can explain.
attend to the details.
yes yes 1. You can attend the meeting。2。 Please attend
follow just follow。
yes yes 1。 Do not follow me. 2. Whatever I do, he will
Cloze （1) beamed （2） honorable （3） awkward （4） protested (5)
complaints （6） compliments （7） stubborn (8) frowned （9) recall (10) panicked （11） insurance (12) surveyed （13) groaning (14） recognition
Translation 1 )1. Many teachers frowned on this practice. 2。 An old man glared at me when I was trying to cut across the lawn。 3. When I mentioned my father, she showed a smile of recognition on her face. 4。 My first born was quite obedient, whereas my younger child was very stubborn. I can still recall now how the younger child insisted on going abroad to study after he finished his secondary school. 5. Countries in South East Asia sustained great losses when the tsunami struck the area。 6. Every time the mother tries to compare the younger brother with his elder brother, the younger one will protest. 7. He found himself unable to fit in with his classmates when he first came to this school. 8。 The fury on her face terrified me。 I dared not say no to her again. 9。 No wonder you ended up
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in trouble. You never followed your parents' advice. 10。 It took him two years to adapt to the new environment。
2 ）我还是个婴儿的时候，我的父母亲搬到了佛蒙特州.我那温文尔雅的父亲在那儿的一个小镇上毫不张扬地开业行医了.很快，他就赢得了当地人对他的尊敬。我每到一处，也被人尊称为埃普利医生的儿子。一开始我很高兴同学和老师们因为我有一个受人尊敬的父亲而善待我。但随着我的长大，事情起了变化。我开始讨厌父亲的好名声像影子一样跟着我。我要独立。我变得顽固倔强又反叛，还开始对我父亲直呼其名,令他伤透了心。但有一天，发生了一件事令我的态度彻底改变了。
Theme-related Writing 1。 In about 100—120 words， write about a conflict you once had with your parents. You can start with either of the following openings：
1） I was very unhappy with my father the other day. He must have called out to me for help with some housework, but I was so absorbed in reading that I didn't hear him。 He stepped into my room, apparently in anger， grabbed my book and threw it on the floor. I got upset and insisted that he should pick it up and apologize to me。 When he remained silent, I ran out and went off to play games with my friends in the neighbourhood。 When it was turning dark， I saw my father looking around for me。 He patted me on the head and walked back home with me， his arm wrapped around my shoulder。 When I got home, I saw my book had \"returned\" to my reading table。 （130 words）
2) I was grateful that my mother criticised me the other day. I had been asking her for money to buy all kinds of things that my friends have — a new pair of shoes or some new clothes. Every time I was refused， I played the same trick-threatening to pour the dish she
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cooked for the family into the river。 My mother gave in each time I threatened to do that, but one day， she criticised me really hard。 She scolded me for being selfish and inconsiderate and asked me to sit in a corner and reflect on my own behaviour。 I couldn't believe my mother would be so angry with me and I grew afraid。 I learned a good lesson and changed a lot afterwards。 I was thankful that my mother made me realize my mistakes。 （139 words)
2. Describe your attitude towards your father or mother when you were a teenager。 When you could not agree with each other, what did you do? Use an incident from daily life to support the description。
My father is a well—known carpenter in my village. I still remember that when I was in my mid-teens, I used to adore him so much that I followed him and helped him make furniture for the other villagers. He not only had good skills， but he was also willing to help the villagers with minor repairs such as mending a broken window frame or fixing a door， without charge。 All the villagers respected him。 They also paid me compliments when they saw me helping him, saying that I would grow up to become honest and industrious just like my father。 I was so proud that I had a father who was so well respected. (116 words）
Unit 3
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in Action 1）1。 reveals 2。 behaving 3。 handle 4。 influenced 5. satisfied 6. entertain
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7。 inherit 8. affect 9。 confronted 10. sought 11. isolated 12. restrict 13。 optimistic 14。 selfish 15. sensitive
2）1。 summed up 2。 have an impact on 3. respond to 4. In general 5. falls into 6. at work 7. shut myself off 8。 in control of 9。 free from 10。 in good shape
3） (1) high—achiever （2) combination (3） seek (4) specific (5） restrict (6) vary （7） expand (8) growth （9） company （10) dominate (11） opportunity
Increasing Your Word Power 1）1。 aggressive， sarcastic, harsh, negative 2. magical, mystical 3。 negative, critical 4. magical, outgoing， optimistic 5。 intellectual
2)1. Evidently 2. individually 3。 absolutely 4. consistently/evidently/absolutely 5。 Consequently 6。 mentally … physically 7。 probably/absolutely 8。 eagerly … enthusiastically 9. easily 10。 Normally
3）
creative creation create
negative negation negate
defensive defense defend
possessive possession possess
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submissive submission submit
sensitive - sensitize
aggressive aggression
creative creation create
negative negation negate
defensive defense defend
possessive possession possess
submissive submission submit
sensitive sensitize
Now fill in the blanks in the paragraph below by choosing the appropriate word given in the brackets。 Change the form wherever necessary.
(1) submissive （2） aggressive (3) possession （4) created (5) negative (6） defense （7） sensitive
Grammar Review Task 1： (1） all (2) many （3） a （4） much (5) some (6） every (7) an
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8） any
Task 2:
Mistakes Corrections
（1) much(L。2） many
(2） plenty（L。3) all, many
（3） a(L。4) an
(4) any(L.4) all
(5） few(L.6） little
(6) every（L.6) /
（7) a(L.8) /
（8) any（L。8） /
(9) little（L。10） few
(10) some（L.11) any
(11） a（L.12）
some
（
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Cloze （1) indicate （2） responds （3) represent/reflect （4) absolutely (5) preference （6） harsh (7） specific (8） traits (9） individual (10） immature （11） effort (12） persistent （13） achieve (14） inherits
Translation 1）1。 William likes the girl a lot so he tries very hard to impress her and is optimistic that he will win her heart。 2. He is very creative and has a good vision of the future， but he likes to keep things to himself。 3。 They came from a poor village where people were shut off from modern civilization。 4. We must work hard and make an effort to achieve the goals that we have set。 5. We should learn to be content with all that we have and should not be too critical about things around us. 6. They often represent our school in debating competitions; tonight we will throw a party to celebrate their success. 7. Through reading， not only has he expanded his horizon, he has also learned to keep improving his character. 8. Two policemen sacrificed their lives in order to save that girl from the fire。 9。 A stable relationship without conflicts between husband and wife benefits the children in the family。
2）虽然有许多关于性格的理论，但是任何一个都没有绝对地对错之分，因为每个心理学家对性格的观点都有所不同。所以，除非某个人已有明显的症状，否则很难断定这个人患有精神疾病。心理学家普遍认可绝大多数人是因为过度的压力才引起情感和精神上的疾病.所以重要的是人们要去寻找可以让自己放松、开心的方法。
Theme Related Writing 16
Write a passage of about 100—120 words according to one of the instructions given below。
a。 I have been described by many friends as a warm， sociable, and outgoing extravert。 I find it easy to make new friends and I enjoy the company of people who share similar characteristics as I。 When I am at a party, many people including those I do not know, will talk to me. I am not a great beauty, neither am I rich and intelligent。 In fact, I am just a very simple person who is happy and smiles a lot。 Maybe being happy is the attraction。 I like bright colours， especially red. It is said that people who like red are passionate and have a lot of energy。 I agree that I am enthusiastic about many things and like doing many things at the same time。 So it seems there is some truth after all in what colours say about a person's personality. (141words)
b。 The person I admire most is my father's youngest brother. He is known to us as ba shu because he is the eighth son in a family of eleven。 He is a high achiever. Since young, he has done well in his studies and work. For example, he received a prestigious scholarship to study at a well-known medical school in England. Today, at the age of 62, he is still as outstanding. He is a well—respected surgeon and has won many awards。 What I like most about ba shu is his sensitive nature， especially toward children who are born unlucky。 He has volunteered his time and made sacrifices to help those in poor and developing countries。 His strong desire to bring happiness to these people has impressed me a lot. （131 words)
c。 If I were given a wish to have two personality traits, I would choose to be an optimistic and creative person. I would like to be an optimistic person because those who are optimistic are usually satisfied and contented with what they have. They seldom let sadness be a part of
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their life. I want to be happy and being optimistic is one way to remain happy。 I also would like to be creative. I think that creativity is inherited. Some may disagree and say that we can learn to be creative。 However， no matter how hard one learns， it is those born with the talent of creativity who will make a great name for themselves like the famous poet Li Bai and the richest man in the world, Bill Gates. （131 words)
d。 Here is no one person I dislike most but there are a couple of personality traits that I cannot tolerate: aggressiveness and selfishness。 Aggressive people do not consider others' feelings and will not think twice about hurting even those closest to them。 I once had a neighbour who would beat his wife one day and appear loving the next。 His wife lived in fear constantly but could do nothing because he was in control of her. Another personality trait I dislike is selfishness. Like aggressive people， selfish people only think of themselves. There are many everyday examples of selfishness such as those not willing to lend things to others and those not wanting to share exam tips even with their best friends. If you know someone with a combination of aggressiveness and selfishness, you should consider whether to call him or her a friend。 (143 words）
Unit 4
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Working With Words and Expressions 1）1. They were smashing windows when the police arrived。 2。 70，000 tons of oil spilled from the tanker （油轮) and the sea was polluted. 3. She volunteered to write an explanation of how the new computer system works。
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4. The book was inspired by the good deeds (事迹） of a real person。 5。 It was blowing hard and very soon the tree in front of my house fell with a great crash. 6。 The police report stated that he was once arrested for theft。 7. The Dean （系主任) is not available at the moment, but you may call back in an hour. 8. Up to two million people there are dependent on food aid. 9。 It was most unfortunate that I missed the chance to be interviewed by the company director. 10。 Can we find a mutually convenient time for us to meet?
2）1。exclaimed 2。arrange 3。aroused 4.resembles 5.volunteered 6。appreciate 7。requires 8。cracked 9.miracle 10.victims11。precious12.delicate 13.expected 14。interviewed
3)1.take over2.get through 3。no way 4。Leave off 5。put it … together 6。in touch with7。No sooner … than 8.in advance 9.looking forward to 10.arrange for11。in contrast 12.took on 13。made sure 14.move in15。in the hands of 16。go with 17.in poverty
Increasing your word power。 1）1。commission 2.smashed3.smash 4.volunteered 5。spill6。crash 7.contrast 8。commission 9。spilt 10。volunteer 11.contrasts 12.crashed
2）1.e 2.e 3.a 4.a 5.c 6.d
3）1。happy 2。impulsive 3。carelessness4。calmness5。firm 6。illness7.awareness 8。weakness 9。submissive
Grammar Review。 Task One
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Task Two
1. No mistake 2。 has been living 3. enjoys 4。 No mistake 5。 tried 6. No mistake 7. No mistake 8. No mistake 9. have been visiting 10. likes 11. had I got 12. had broken 13。 No mistake 14。 No mistake 15。 was suffering 16。 No mistake 17。 have been receiving 18。 No mistake 19。 insisted 20。 No mistake 21. No mistake
Cloze （1) chilly （2） sooner (3） than(4） exclaimed(5） fabric（6） delicate （7） joints(8） that(9) miracle（10）sacrificed (11)precious （12）loving
Translation 1）1.Let’s get in touch as soon as we know the results of the test/exam. 2. The music aroused an intense feeling of homesickness in him. 3。 You’ve been working all morning — you deserve a rest now。 4. I had no sooner lain down than the telephone rang. Or： No sooner had I lain down than the telephone rang. 5。 My doctor says I’m too tired and has advised me not to take on any more work.6。Jenny volunteered to clear up after the gathering。 7。 The subject of the talk is announced a week in advance, but the name of the speaker is not。 8. Your performance in the exam did not reach the required standard — in other words, you failed。 9. She was so ill that she had to leave off work.. 10. There is no way to tell what is going to happen。 The case is in the hands of the judge， and all we could do is （to) wait。
2 )当人们变得很老时，像祖父母或曾祖父母那样，他们有时不再能够照顾自己。他们会生病，或
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者摔倒而折断股骨，或者他们根本都不记得该如何穿睡衣。有时候虽然有些老人看起来还健康，但是因为他们自己独居,所以觉得很孤单。这时候全家人要碰个头，商讨一下让他们日渐衰老的家人去养老院去居住是否是一个较好的办法，因为在那里他们可以得到更好的照顾。
Theme—related Writing 1。 Imagine you were Meagan。 Write a story about GG and her lost doll。 Start the story with： \"My GG — that's my great—grandma — lived in Maine many years ago。\"
My GG — that’s my great-grandma — lived in Maine many years ago with her Mom, Dad and four sisters。 Life was difficult then， but GG’s parents tried their best to make their children happy. One Christmas they gave GG a beautiful doll with an exquisite porcelain face and long brown hair. The eyes of the doll opened and closed vividly。 GG loved her doll so much that she played with her for a long time and didn’t want to separate with her until it was time for Christmas dinner. GG laid the doll down gently on the hall table. But before long she heard a loud crash — GG’s baby sister had pulled her doll off the table and it was smashed into pieces. Though GG’s mother tried to put the doll together again， it couldn’t be done。 The doll was gone for ever. And so was GG's baby sister when she died of pneumonia a few years later。 It was a deeply unhappy experience in GG's life.
2. Write a short passage of about 100-120 words on the topic: “Living in a Nursing Home: A Plan for the Future?\"
Living in a Nursing Home： A Plan for the Future?
Thanks to medical advances and better living conditions， most of us can live longer. The
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issue of where we will stay when we get old has become a concern for everyone。 I did a survey last week on ”Are you willing to go and live in a nursing home when you grow old？” Of the ten people surveyed, seven said ”yes.\" According to them, living in a nursing home would enable them to meet people of similar ages, get instant medical care, and have their meals and laundry taken care of. The three who don’t want to stay in a nursing home think living in a nursing home would make them feel lonely and abandoned on the one hand and would have their privacy intruded upon on the other。 Nonetheless, the survey does suggest that more people would be willing to live in a nursing home in the future. （147 words.）
Unit 5
Enhance your language awareness
Working With Words and Expressions 1) 1. When we finally completed our courses， all my classmates gathered together to celebrate. 2。 I have always wanted to be a psychologist， but a recent incident changed my mind. 3。 It is not difficult at all. You can get it done with ease. 4。 To be a good research student, you must have a mind for inquiry. 5。 I could see her genuine concern for my health and I was deeply touched。 6。 The boss’s fear of change becomes an obstacle to the progress of the organization. 7。 Please keep stirring the oil to stop it from getting frozen. 8。 I am most grateful to you for all the help you have offered us.
2) 1。 senior 2。 defined 3. occur 4. options 5. disturbed 6。 soak 7. tossed 8. navigate 9。 matters 10。 depressed
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3） 1. became well acquainted with 2。 took us by surprise 3。 gather our thoughts 4. turned out 5. hang up 6。 in reality 7. In spite of 8。 lit up 9。 hemmed and hewed 10. turned into
Increasing your word power
Increasing your word power。 1） 1。 a 2。 e 3。 c 4. e 5。 b 6。 d 7. d 8. b
2) 1。 covered 2. fears 3。 covers 4。 attack 5。 fears 6。 attacks 7。 visits， visited 8. touched 9。 chat 10。 touch 11. match 12。 chats 13。 match
3） 1. astonishment 2. accomplishments 3。 have improved 4. appointment 5. excitement 6. advertisements 7。 developments 8. argue 9. enjoyed 10。 encouragement
Grammar Review Task 1
1. The action of “studying English” occurred before “I went to the US”. 2. “They never met an American” —this was a fact that remained till they met John. 3。 “We had the car for ten years\" —this happened earlier before the car broke down。 4。 The action “Kathy’s picking up the tickets” occurred before “I arrived at the theatre\"。 5. Your promise was made before Jane got unhappy with you.
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Task 2
（1） I saw the door open (2） the office had been broken into （3） quite a few things had been stolen （4) had already come back to the office (5） the 200 dollars he had locked in his drawer was gone （6) had just bought （7) A few computers in the office had been stolen
Cloze
(1) recent (2） surprise （3) sad (4) keeping （5） disturbing （6） inquiries (7) admitted （8) occurred （9) surgery (10) options (11) tightly （12） soaking （13） scent (14) gatherings
Translation 1） 1。 We are good friends； however， he kept such an important matter from me, which took me by surprise。 2. It doesn't matter if you can not get full marks for the exam； what matters is not to lose confidence in yourself. 3. He chatted with me last night and reassured me that the disease was not hard to cure and that nobody had ever died of it. 4。 She was determined to overcome all the obstacles in her life with a will of iron. 5。 It turned out that he had already received my money, but did not acknowledge the receipt of it on purpose。 This really drove me crazy。 6。 He is a shy and silent boy。 Before he went onto the stage to share his experiences, he sat quietly in a corner of the auditorium， gathering his thoughts。 7. He admitted on the spot that he would go overseas for further study as he believed overseas education would open the door to his future research。 8. Mary’s uncle's face lit up when he saw his niece had turned into a pretty young lady in
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just a few years。
2)我回去看我外婆的时候,她非常高兴地看到我已长成一个健壮的小伙子。我们一起聊天,回忆我小时候的一些事情。谈到一半的时候,外婆突然叹了一口气说,“大概以后再也见不到你了。\"她的话使我震惊得拱起了眉头， 不明白她为什么说出这么令人不安的话来。我们静静地坐了一会儿,外婆的眼里噙满泪水。她终于告诉我说,医生诊断出她得了严重的心脏病，已经发作了好几次，也一直在治疗，但情况一点也没有进展。我怪外婆一直把这坏消息瞒着我,并告诉她一定会有办法医治的，她却摇头否认。我伸出双臂抱着外婆,多么希望我们能在一起度过更多的时间。
Theme—related Writing •Task One：
One afternoon, I was wandering along the main street of our small town with a friend。 Suddenly I saw my mother. She was behaving very strangely. She looked around her before going quickly into a shop. When she came out, she had a box in her hand. I was terrified。 I knew some of my villagers resorted to theft because they were poor. The thought that my mother could be one of them drove me crazy. I was determined to find out the truth from her. When I questioned her， tears filled her eyes。 She told me she was collecting beer cans from some kind shop owners who offered them to her, but would feel embarrassed if she was seen by others。 I cried and hugged her and felt sorry that I had misunderstood my own mother. (136 words)
Task Two:
My parents differ greatly in showing their love for me. While my mother appears more
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anxious and depressed if anything goes wrong with me， my father tends to be silent and expresses his concern for me mainly through actions rather than words. I still remember the day when I left home for university. When my mother was in tears and kept giving me endless advice， my father remained silent。 But when he saw an ice-cream man on the platform， he rushed towards him and got me an ice—cream just before the train started to move. I learned from my mother later that father locked himself up in his room after returning home and cried for the first time in his life. I never expected that my departure would trigger such an emotional response from my father。 （134 words）
Unit 6
Enhance your language Awareness
Words in Action
Working with words and expressions 1)1。 Every year before Christmas， we decorate our house with colourful lights. 2. Mother scolded John for not taking good care of his younger brother when she went out. 3。 When I was attacked, I quickly picked up a stick to defend myself。 4。 Please don’t interrupt - wait until I have finished what I have to say. 5. The mother embraced her son warmly as soon as he came in. 6。 Paper， printing, the compass， and gunpowder are celebrated in Chinese culture as the Four Great Inventions of ancient China。 7. I don't understand why a young and pretty girl like her is always wearing dresses of such a dull colour。 8。 You have written a very good paper。 I only made a few minor changes。 9. We supply free textbooks for school children in the countryside。 10。 They were discussing all
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the options， but found none of them was entirely satisfactory。 11. The mere presence of a policeman made the thief nervous and he turned to run away。 12. Richards was obviously disappointed at being left out of the team。
2) 1。 delivered 2. released 3. permission 4。 rented 5。 miserable 6. exploded 7. pressed 8. motion 9. barely 10。 enthusiasm 11. knelt 12。 request 13. policy 14。 necessities
3） 1。 go wrong 2. broke down 3. on my way to 4. by himself 5. in time 6。 set the stage for 7。 set out for 8. make fun of 9。 pleaded for 10. in disbelief
Increasing your word power 1） 1。 specialized 2。 large 3。 eat 4。 go 5. sociable 6。 wide
2) 1。 sternly 2。 miserably 3. cheerfully 4. carelessly 5。 tiny 6。 irregular 7. unsatisfactory 8. occupied 9。 boring / dull 10. traditional
3） 1. slapped 2. present 3. lit 4. whispered 5. slap 6。 presented 7. ordered 8。 light 9. listed 10。 motioned 11. supply 12。 order 13。 list 14. supply 15. motion 16。 wonder 17。 whispers 18. wondering
4) 1. personality … sensitivity … loyalty 2. frailty 3. complexity 4. Mutuality 5. stupidity 6. regularity 7. reality 8. specialty / speciality
Grammar Review
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Task one
Task two
1。 It is much colder in winter in Beijing than in Shanghai. It is colder in winter in Shanghai than in Guangzhou. Of all the three cities, Shanghai has the largest population， etc。 2. Among the three sports, I like football the best. Surfing also sounds interesting， but it takes a lot more training to be able to do it than the other two sports. 3. I know Lu Xun better than the other writers. Lu Xun is one of the most famous writers in China and he is a modern writer。 Shakespeare is famous， but I think his plays are the most difficult to read。 4。 I think Gone with the Wind is very interesting, but it is the longest movie among the three. The Sound of Music is the lightest among the three and I like it much more than I do The Pianist。 5。 Peking University and Tsinghua University are the two most famous universities in China. They are also among the best universities in the world。 As far as I know， Peking University is better known for its arts courses and Tsinghua is better known for its science courses.
Cloze （1） supplies （2) fun (3) permission (4） necessities （5） rundown (6) decorated (7) straight （8） item （9） overwhelmed （10) embraced
Translation 1） 1。 Straighten up！ Your feet should keep time to the rhythm of the music。 2. She slipped a note into his hand. He was very unhappy after reading it, as he thought that she
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was making fun of him。 3. The thief pleaded for our mercy when he was caught. He said he had stolen the food because his mother was starving to death and there was barely any food left in the house. 4. They have made a request for more electricity supplies， which we should satisfy in order to release them from the pressure they are under. 5。 They made the rounds with the wine bottle； each took a gulp and then they set out for the forest. 6. My TV set broke down; I have ordered a new one online and the shop is going to have it delivered to the door。 7. His words made everyone unhappy and stop eating。 After a while, they resumed eating， but they all looked as if something was weighing on their minds。 8. We stared at him in disbelief， astonished that someone as gentle as he is could interrupt us so rudely。
2） 去年圣诞节除夕，我们的旅途诸多不顺。当我们住进尼斯一家肮脏而昏暗的旅馆时，我们的心中已无任何圣诞节的感觉可言。我们进入一家看上去很乏味的饭馆吃饭•时，情况一点也没有好转.但是，在这沉闷饭馆中度过的不愉快的夜晚最后却变成我们所度过的最好的圣诞前夜,这一切都是因为那个充满了圣诞精神的美国水手。他将我们心中被愤怒和失望压抑的爱和欢乐释放出来。他带给了我们圣诞节。
Theme—related Writing a.
I like Christmas because the festive atmosphere created by the occasion is so overwhelming。 You can see pretty seasonal decorations everywhere， Christmas lights, flowers, and pictures of Father Christmas with a smiling face。 You may even meet a \"real\" Father Christmas on the street busy handing out candies to kids。 The atmosphere does lift everybody's spirits， since joy and excitement seem to be contagious。 Everyone around us
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looks happier and is more patient with each other during the festive season. We send each other Christmas greetings and give Christmas gifts to our friends and relatives. Even friends who have not been in constant touch also ”appear\" again at this time to send their regards。 (113words）
b。
I do not like Christmas because today's Christmas has been entirely commercialized。 Shops try all sorts of tricks to attract customers, by putting up fanciful Christmas decorations， by offering seasonal discounts and even by asking somebody to play Father Christmas to give out gifts。 Behind all the smiles and the beautiful decorations， I do not see genuine care or a spirit of giving; I only see one word， which is ”profit\"。 Everybody does Christmas shopping at this time to get Christmas gifts for their family members or friends。 As for me, I believe it is more important to show care and concern for my family members and friends all year round than just give them a \"once a year” Christmas gift. （121 words)
Unit 7
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in Action
Working with Words and Expressions 1） 1。 The more complaints a person makes， the less happy he or she is。 2。 Good health is vital for getting the best out of life and achieving your full potential. 3. He
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deserted his wife and children and went abroad. 4. He likes taking time off from his busy life and coming into contact with nature。 5. The doctor says that she is not mentally sound。 6。 In many parts of the world it is not acceptable and even illegal for people under 18 to smoke。 7. His speech made a deep impression on all of us. 8. In different stages of our life, we encounter different kinds of problems。 9。 If you need any assistance , please let me know and I'll be more than happy to help。 10. Some people tend to blame others for what they themselves have done wrong. 11. Children’s education is becoming too heavy a burden for many families to bear these days。 12。 I can’t endure to see/ endure seeing animals suffer like that. 13. Davis was one of the most significant musicians of the last century.
2) 1。 facilitate 2。 tends 3。 hurt 4. ensure 5。 blessed 6。 trembled 7. curiously 8。 failure 9. invention
3) 1. by no means 2. take it for granted 3. contribute to 4. at his disposal 5. resort to 6。 take into account 7. arise from 8. has given rise to 9。 switched off 10。 deal with 11. breezed through 12。 had gone by 13. To my surprise 14。 carried away 15。 come into play 16。 In my view
Increasing Your Word Power 1） 1. jumps / jumped 2. respond 3。 career 4。 required 5。 arise 6. assisted 7。 affected 8. deserted 9. serious 10. rare 11。 scolded 12。 significant 13. physiological
2） get back （something lost)
寻回、取回、恢复
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become well; regain a former position 康复；复元；恢复
3）
ADJECTIVES personal technological natural national medical emotional social intellectual critical magical occasional
NOUNS
personality
technology
nature
nation
medicine
emotion
society
intellect
critic
magic
occasion
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hysterical hysteria/hysteric
essential essence
trivial trivia
traditional tradition
psychological psychology
Now fill in the blanks with an appropriate word chosen from the words given in the brackets.
1. technological … technology 2. essence … essential 3。 personal … person 4. hysterical … hysteria 5. traditional … tradition
Grammar Review Task 1
1. ［The main reason — 8。； to the lecture — 9。; the most famous living poet — 6。］
2. ［the class — 11.］
3. [a wonderful story — 1. or 3.; The beginning — 8.； the turn — 8.； the century - 9.］
4. ［The moon - 5。； the trail — 9。]
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5. ［the talk — 8.; the situation — 8。］
6. ［the table/a table — 8。 1. ; the hall — 9.]
7. ［an English-Chinese dictionary — 3.］
8。 ［the first book — 7.]
9. ［a house — 3。； The house — 4。］
10。 [the rich - 10.； the plane — 12。； the poor — 10.; the train — 12。］
Task 2
1。 a。 There are many music schools in Beijing and Xiao Ming is studying at one of them。 b。 There is only one music school in my hometown and Xiao Ming is studying at that school.
2. a。 Bill met a French student （unknown to the listener） on the train (known to both the listener and the speaker）. b。Bill met the French student (known to both the listener and the speaker） on a train (unknown to the listener)。
3。 a. Dogs are in general a better companion than cats. b. This dog (known to both the listener and the speaker) is a better companion than this cat (known to both the listener and the speaker）。 Alternatively, and rather formally， this may refer to dogs and cats in general, as with 3a above.
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4。 a。 John wrote a very interesting composition. b。 John wrote the most interesting composition （probably in his class）。
5. a。 The police stopped one car (unknown to the listener) at the corner. b. The police stopped the car (known to both the listener and the speaker） at the corner。
6. a。 Has he ever been hospitalised？ b。 Has he ever been in this hospital for treatment or, more generally， been on its premises (建筑物)?
7。 a. Zhang Dawei, the contemporary Chinese novelist (known to the listener and well—known), has also written a number of popular songs。 b。 Zhang Dawei， a contemporary Chinese novelist （unknown to the audience), has also written a number of popular songs。
8。 a. Wang Kewei became a college student with the highest total score in her province。 b. Wang Kewei entered the college premises （建筑物） to ask about courses.
Task 3
1. the d
2。 a f
3. the e
4. the b
5. the
c
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6。 a a
7. a j
8。 the g
9。 the h
10. an i
Cloze (1） vital （2） blessed （3） technological (4) facilitate (5) factors （6) tend （7） rate （8） uncommon （9) unconsciously （10） ensure (11) burden (12) Concentration (13） range (14) switch
Translation 1) 1. Whenever we start a new job， there are bound to be a lot of things we may not be familiar with。 2。 This new medicine/drug has successfully been used on animals， but this doesn’t mean that it can be applied to humans。 3. His failure to win the first prize in the speech competition is largely due to his lack of confidence. 4。 To the general public， depression can be easily confused with stress， as it may be a response to some types of stress。 5. It is becoming increasingly difficult for world food production to keep pace with the continuing growth of the world’s population. 6。 To successfully get a job， a lot of factors need to come into play, including your skills， diploma and work experience。
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2） 回应式聆听的关键是要能够不加论断地聆听，即为理解而听，而不是为达成一致而听。我们如何可以成为更专心及回应式的听众呢？过程是这样的.坐在说话人的对•面，身体放松,注意力集中。让说话人开始讲述他正经历或想要分享的情感或具体的想法。对言语或非言语的信息都要注意.当说话人说完四、五句话的时候,打断说话•人，说，“让我看看我有没有听明白你的话。”然后,用你自己的话重复你刚才所听到的信息或感受的情感:“你刚才说……”，“你的感觉是……\"，“我说得对吗?”如果说话人说不对，则要求说话人澄清一下他没听明白或听错的部分。当你们两个都明白后，说话人就可以继续说下面几句话，回应的过程又重新开始。记住：说话人和听话人的目的都是为了理解，而不是达成一致。
Theme—related Writing a。
One of my teachers in my high school was an Australian teacher. Always smartly dressed with a shirt and tie, he was a very kind person and would go all the way to help others. Once I needed a book to study which was not available in China， so I asked him for help. He bought it in Australia and sent it to me immediately。 I also learned another incident which I can never forget。 One year, he came back to China on a business trip and was asked by many Chinese parents to take some luggage to their children studying in Australia。 The luggage he was asked to take was so heavy that he got fined 20,000 Hong Kong dollars at the airport. From this Australian teacher, I have come to realize what selfless love is all about。 （141words)
b.
I think I am an easy—going person and get along with my fellow students really well。 I
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get along particularly well with my roommates， who share the same dormitory with me. We often play poker together and laugh and joke together. Once in a while we need to clean up our dormitory in order to win the award for the cleanest dormitory in the whole grade. Whenever we need to do that, we really work as a team and help one another in doing the best job we can。 Though we still haven’t won such an award yet， the kind of collaboration between us during the big cleaning activity really helps to strengthen our existing strong friendship。 I am sure I will cherish my relationship with my fellow students and especially with my roommates in the years to come. （139 words)
c.
I live in a big family of three children， with one elder brother and one younger sister. I get along well with them all and in particular with my elder brother. During our childhood years, my brother and I needed to do a lot of household chores together, looking after the cattle on the hill and collecting firewood in bushy mountains far away from home。 Though only four years older than me， he would always try to protect me and help me when I was unable to cope with my part of the work。 Sometimes we also fought with each other. But every time I cried after the fighting, my parents would scold him or even give him a good beating， for which I would laugh silently and secretly。 Of course, we never fight with each other any more. (139 words）
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