专题13 概要写作
概要写作--讲•练•测---练案
时间：30分钟 满分：30
1.（2021·浙江温州市·高三二模）阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Feeling hungry? If you're feeling starved, what is the easiest way to satisfy your hunger? Many of us will reach for a takeaway menu and order some delicious but possibly unhealthy food. And our increasingly busy life adds to our need to buy ready-made food on the go or delivered to our home.
Eating options are endless, and new technology means we can feed our desire at the push of a button. Takeaway delivery apps make ordering food quick and convenient. This is especially the case during the recent coronavirus crisis, when people stuck at home with nothing to cook or lacked the skills to prepare a meal for themselves. It's calculated that in the UK alone, people eat three million takeaway meals a day, and the three biggest delivery apps together offer a choice of 100 cuisines from 60,000 restaurants. Amelia Brophy, Head of UK Data Products at You Goy, told the BBC that its research “suggests that the frequency of takeaways ordered is expected to increase in the future.”
It's no wonder we are tempted (诱惑) to skip the grocery shopping, avoid the kitchen, and tuck into (大口吃) something that someone else has prepared. But ordering a deep crust pizza, a spicy curry or a box of noodles, can come at a price both financially and to our health. Eating too
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much processed and unhealthy fast food has some effect on obesity and the risk of developing certain diseases. Children and adolescents who eat fast food at least three times a week are more likely to develop eczema, according to one study. Eczema is a skin condition that causes patches of itchy skin.
Of course, reducing salt, sugar and fat is one way to make takeaway food healthier. Yet, that's far from enough. The best advice you might want to take is to find a recipe book and try making your own meal.
【答案】If you're feeling starved, what is the easiest way to satisfy your hunger? Eating options are endless, and new technology means we can feed our desire at the push of a button. It's no wonder we are tempted to skip the grocery shopping, avoid the kitchen, and tuck into something that someone else has prepared. Of course, reducing salt, sugar and fat is one way to make takeaway food healthier. The best advice you might want to take is to find a recipe book and try making your own meal.
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，如果你感到饥饿，什么是最简单的方法来满足你的饥饿? 很多人会拿起外卖菜单，点一些美味但可能不健康的食物。而我们日益忙碌的生活增加了我们购买现成食品或送货上门的需求。当然，减少盐、糖和脂肪是让外卖食品更健康的一个方法。然而，这远远不够。你可能想要采取的最好的建议是找一本食谱，试着自己做一顿饭。
1 要点摘录 ①Feeling hungry? If you're feeling starved, what is the easiest way to satisfy your hunger? ②Eating options are endless, and new technology means we can feed our desire at the
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push of a button.③It's no wonder we are tempted (诱惑) to skip the grocery shopping, avoid the kitchen, and tuck into (大口吃) something that someone else has prepared.④Of course, reducing salt, sugar and fat is one way to make takeaway food healthier. Yet, that's far from enough. The best advice you might want to take is to find a recipe book and try making your own meal.2.第1个要点提出“饿了”怎么办？点外卖；将第2、3两个要点进行整合，外卖的“诱惑”；第4个要点进行总结，为外卖提出更高的要求，以及解决饿的更好的办法。
【点睛】
[高分句型1] This is especially the case during the recent coronavirus crisis, when people stuck at home with nothing to cook or lacked the skills to prepare a meal for themselves.该句中the case是先行词，后面是when引导的定语从句。
[高分句型2]It's calculated that in the UK alone, people eat three million takeaway meals a day, and the three biggest delivery apps together offer a choice of 100 cuisines from 60,000 restaurants. 该句运用固定句型，其中it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正在的主语。
[高分句型3]Children and adolescents who eat fast food at least three times a week are more likely to develop eczema, according to one study. 句中 Children and adolescents是先行词，后面是who引导的限制性定语从句。
2．（2021·浙江高三月考）概要写作
Haagen-Dazs from Europe started in 1989 and is 5-10 times more expensive than regular ice cream. There is no real advantage. However, it adopted a unique marketing strategy, and quickly
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occupied the market as a top ice cream brand.
Haagen-Dazs did not set up shops in ordinary supermarkets or grocery stores. Haagen-Dazs leisure fashion shops are located in busy sections of malls. The layout is carefully planned to create an elegant atmosphere, and sometimes, a flagship store will cost several million dollars.
Compared to other ice cream brands, Haagen-Dazs consumers are tightly grouped. It is understood that Haagen-Dazs seldom does television advertising. The majority of ads have the highly visual impact of the print medium. In particular many advertisements look for those pyramid tip consumers. Moreover, as long as the consumer spending 500 Yuan to fill in a small form can become their members, these members will be regularly sent advertisements by direct mail. Praise of customers is a powerful weapon for Haagen-Dazs.
There is always much creative ingenuity(独创性)in Haagen-Dazs advertising, so it is remembered by the public. Initial advertisements such as: “Delicious Haagen-Dazs, like 24K gold, Japan Kobe beef from Japan, original palm oil, mushroom truffles and Chinese ceramics…” and “Love her, let her eat Haagen-Dazs.” attracted numerous Haagen-Dazs lovers who became regulars.
Today, Haagen-Dazs has about 77stores in 55 countries with annual sales of more than 1 billion US dollars. Haagen-Dazs has become the world’s most popular ice cream brand. In the United States, its market share is 6.1%, 1% in France, 4.6% in Japan, 4% in Singapore and 5% in Hong Kong.
Determined to win the majority of wealth customers, they have combined positioning in the
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marketplace with dedicated brand goals. This is the real secret of success.
【答案】The success of Haagen-Dazs depends on its unique marketing strategy, which is divided into three aspects: shop site selection, customers and advertising. The shops are located in busy sections of malls. Its consumers are tightly grouped, especially looking for those wealthy tip consumers in pyramid. Last, the advertising is so creative and ingenious that it is remembered by the public.
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，哈根达斯的成功依赖于它的市场策略，然后分三个方面讲它的市场策略：选址、顾客和广告，并给出了事实依据来作说明，最后进行总结。
1.要点摘录
①However, it adopted a unique marketing strategy, and quickly occupied the market as a top ice cream brand.
②Haagen-Dazs leisure fashion shops are located in busy sections of malls.
③Compared to other ice cream brands, Haagen-Dazs consumers are tightly grouped.
④In particular many advertisements look for those pyramid tip consumers.
⑤There is always much creative ingenuity(独创性)in Haagen-Dazs advertising, so it is remembered by the public.
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⑥Determined to win the majority of wealth customers, they have combined positioning in the marketplace with dedicated brand goals.
2.缜密构思
将第3、4两个要点进行重组，将第1、6两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
The success of Haagen-Dazs depends on its unique marketing strategy, which is divided into three aspects: shop site selection, customers and advertising.
The shops are located in busy sections of malls.
Its consumers are tightly grouped, especially looking for those wealthy tip consumers in pyramid.
Last, the advertising is so creative and ingenious that it is remembered by the public.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] The success of Haagen-Dazs depends on its unique marketing strategy, which is divided into three aspects: shop site selection, customers and advertising.（使用了由which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2] Last, the advertising is so creative and ingenious that it is remembered by the
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public.（使用了由so…that…引导的状语从句）
[高分句型3]The real secret of success of Haagen-Dazs mainly due to a unique marketing strategy, which contains three aspects: site selection, customers and advertising.（使用了由which引导的非限制性定语从句）
3．（2021·浙江宁波市·高三月考）阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
One problem upsets the business of selling clothes online-predicting how a garment will fit without trying it on. Enter the body-measurement suit from Start Today, a Japanese firm that runs the Zozotown platform on which clothing companies from around the world sell their products,as well as its own private brand, Zozo.
In the past years Stan Today has distributed to just over one million Japanese customers,free of charge,its “Zozosuit”, a skin-tight, full-body suit covered in around 350 fiducial markers, small objects that can be used as a point of reference for measurements. Shoppers slip on the suit and slowly rotate as their smartphone takes photos.
The firm uses the images to create a 3D of their body, which it can use to offer a range of customized services. At the most basic level, when customers choose an item from one of the 6.400 brands listed on Zozotown, the platform uses the Zozosuit data lo recommend the right size.
A first，more high tech version of the suit proved too expensive. But its latest version costs the company only V1.000( $ 9) a piece. Besides, the fashion industry has not yet adapted to meet
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the needs of a generation accustomed to buying everything online, to their specifications and ai their convenience. But the firm offers exactly that.
How the suit gels on is crucial for Start Today s future. The Zozotown platform is the giant of online fashion retail in Japan. It created and dominates the market for online clothing sales. Analysts predict it may be reaching peaks, because customized services could attract more customers. But observers are more cautious about whether the suit can help Start Today on its other path to growth:expanding abroad. Since July customers in 72 countries have been able to request a body-measurement suit to help them buy clothes from the Zozo label. An attempt a few years ago to take the Zozotown platform into China and South Korea (before it came up with the body-measurement suit) failed. For now at least the suit is a unique service.
【答案】To help customers purchase suitable clothes online without trying them on, the Zozotown platform invented a body-measurement suit. With 350 fiducial markers taking pictures，the suit creates a 3D of body to offer a customized service. Thus the suit can meet the need of a generation accustomed to buying everything online with decreasing cost. So as observers reckon， the suit may help the Zozotown platform succeed in other countries rather than Japan.
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一家日本的网上销售公司Start Today，这家公司在日本运营着一个名字叫Zozotown的销售平台。在这个销售平台上购买服装时，可以通过试穿一个紧身的全身套装来定制合身的衣服。文章最后对该平台未来的发展进行了展望。
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1 要点摘录
①.One problem upsets the business of selling clothes online-predicting how a garment will fit without trying it on.
②.Enter the body-measurement suit from Start Today, a Japanese firm that runs the Zozotown platform.
③.In the past years Stan Today has distributed to just over one million Japanese customers,free of charge,its “Zozosuit”, a skin-tight, full-body suit covered in around 350 fiducial markers, small objects that can be used as a point of reference for measurements.
④.The firm uses the images to create a 3D of their body, which it can use to offer a range of customized services.
⑤. The Zozotown platform is the giant of online fashion retail in Japan. It created and
dominates the market for online clothing sales.
⑥. An attempt a few years ago to take the Zozotown platform into China and South Korea (before it came up with the body-measurement suit) failed. For now at least the suit is a unique service.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3、4两个要点进行整合，将5、6两个要点整合。
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3.遣词造句
To help customers purchase suitable clothes online without trying them on, the Zozotown platform invented a body-measurement suit.
With 350 fiducial markers taking pictures，the suit creates a 3D of body to offer a customized service.
The suit can meet the need of a generation accustomed to buying everything online with decreasing cost.
The suit may help the Zozotown platform succeed in other countries rather than Japan.
【点睛】
[高分句型1]：To help customers purchase suitable clothes online without trying them on, the Zozotown platform invented a body-measurement suit.用不定式作目的状语，对如何解决第一段提出的问题进行了概括，表达非常高级。
[高分句型2] With 350 fiducial markers taking pictures，the suit creates a 3D of body to offer a customized service.运用with复合结构作句子的状语，对原文第二段和第三段进行了概括，主要概括了Zozosuit的工作原理。
4．（2021·上海金山区·高三一模）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
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Will people reduce car use in 20 years？
Nowadays, the ownership of cars is no longer being recognized as a symbol of one’s wealth and social position. Tracking back to the past when only the rich were qualified to possess private cars, we couldn’t help marveling at the historic change such a convenient invention brought to people’s daily lives. Nevertheless, the increase in the number of car owners is spelling many negative effects. These rising problems also cause some people to predict that the use of cars might be reduced in two decades.
Above all, the use of cars remarkably threatens our environment, if such a tendency is not brought under control in time, the Earth will no longer be a suitable place for humans to survive in the future. People have to face the consequence. It is a reality from which no one is able to escape. Every day, thousands of private cars are emitting tons of exhausted gas that seriously pollutes the air. The carbon dioxide leads to the worldwide greenhouse effect, which causes the sea level to rise and produces negative impacts on weather. In addition, more energy is being wasted because of the production of private cars. In order to build a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society, people ought to reduce the use of cars.
In fact, diversified measures are being taken by the government to limit the use of cars. If such a tendency continues, the effect will be shown in the near future. For example, to reach the goal of building a safe and harmonious society, Beijing Traffic Management Bureau has restricted regional traffic in rush hours on working days. A number of private cars are prohibited on no-driving-days.
Last, the advancement of public transportation systems also helps change car owners’ way
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of travelling. Efforts are being made to construct more agreeable networks of buses, subways, trains and airplanes. In the meanwhile, advances in technology might help cut down the cost of travelling in public vehicles.
【答案】Despite its symbolization of wealth in the past and great changes to people’s life, cars have caused many negative effects. First, by emitting greenhouse gases, they threaten the environment. Besides, energy-consuming cars are not sustainable to the society. Therefore, the government has taken various measures like restrictions. Last, public transport is a good remedy thanks to the high-tech. (58words)
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了拥有汽车已不是财富和社会地位的象征，有车一族数量的增加带来了许多负面影响，威胁着我们的环境，浪费了更多的能源，并提出人们应该减少汽车的使用，通过政府采取措施，公共交通系统进步改变人们出行方式，技术进步降低乘坐公共交通成本等方法减少私家车的使用。
1 要点摘录
①Tracking back to the past when only the rich were qualified to possess private cars, we couldn’t help marveling at the historic change such a convenient invention brought to people’s daily lives.
②Nevertheless, the increase in the number of car owners is spelling many negative effects.
③Every day, thousands of private cars are emitting tons of exhausted gas that seriously pollutes the air.
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④In addition, more energy is being wasted because of the production of private cars.
⑤In fact, diversified measures are being taken by the government to limit the use of cars.
⑥In the meanwhile, advances in technology might help cut down the cost of travelling in public vehicles.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行重组；将3、4两个要点进行整合；将5、6两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
Despite its symbolization of wealth in the past and great changes to people’s life, cars have caused many negative effects.
By emitting greenhouse gases, they threaten the environment.
Energy-consuming cars are not sustainable to the society.
the government has taken various measures like restrictions.
public transport is a good remedy thanks to the high-tech.
【点睛】
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[高分句型1] Despite its symbolization of wealth in the past and great changes to people’s life, cars have caused many negative effects. 运用介词“Despite+名词”表示“即使”，对原文第一段进行了概括。表达高级。
[高分句型2]：By emitting greenhouse gases, they threaten the environment. 用介词短语作方式状语对第二段的大量使用私家车造成空气污染的消极影响进行了概括，表达非常高级。
5．（2021·上海静安区·高三一模）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Surveys indicate that a third of Britons regularly eat on their own. OpenTable, an online restaurant booking app, found that solo dining in New York increased by 80% during the past 5 years. And in Japan, the world capital of solo dining, a trend for \"low interaction dining11 has taken off. Restaurants are opening which facilitate the ultimate solo dining experience: passing bowls of noodles through black curtains into individual booths.
Is this a worrying trend? We think so. Research is revealing the negative impacts of eating alone, which has been found to be linked to a variety of mental and physical health conditions, from depression and diabetes to high blood pressure.
So it's cheering that hundreds of food sharing initiatives have sprung up around the world. There's London's Casserole Club, for example, whose volunteers share portions of home-cooked food with people in their area who aren't always able to cook for themselves, in which case they put an end to food waste. Or there is South Africa's Food Jams, social gatherings in which
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participants are paired up, preferably with strangers, and given a portion of the meal to prepare. Many participants interviewed mentioned that their loneliness was greatly relieved. Such initiatives offer lessons of all kinds to those thinking about how our food systems need to change. They also somewhat compensate for the undesirable outcomes sole eating brings.
So why do people stop eating together? There are a variety of reasons. Authors such as Michael Pollan argue that it is due to the fact that people attach less value to home-based labor, including cooking. The widening of the workforce, which brought many women out of the kitchen and into the workplace during the 20th century, also contributed. Meanwhile, the growth in insecure and inconsistent working patterns among a growing proportion of the population also discourages meals eaten communally.
【答案】The trend of sole dining is catching on in major countries. However, it does harm physically and mentally. Fortunately food-sharing programs make up for its bad effects by avoiding food waste and combating loneliness. Eating together has declined because of people’s undervaluing of cooking at home, more women’s entry into the workforce and weakening work relationships.
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。单人用餐的趋势正在主要国家流行起来。然而，它确实会伤害身体和精神。幸运的是，食物共享计划通过避免食物浪费和对抗孤独来弥补它的不良影响。由于人们低估了在家做饭的价值，更多的女性进入职场，以及工作关系的弱化，在一起吃饭的人数有所下降。
1 要点摘录①.Surveys indicate that a third of Britons regularly eat on their own. OpenTable,
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an online restaurant booking app, found that solo dining in New York increased by 80% during the past 5 years.
②.Research is revealing the negative impacts of eating alone, which has been found to be linked to a variety of mental and physical health conditions, from depression and diabetes to high blood pressure.
③.There's London's Casserole Club, for example, whose volunteers share portions of home-cooked food with people in their area who aren't always able to cook for themselves, in which case they put an end to food waste.
④.The widening of the workforce, which brought many women out of the kitchen and into the workplace during the 20th century, also contributed.
2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3、4两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句The trend of sole dining is catching on in major countries. However, it does harm physically and mentally. Fortunately food-sharing programs make up for its bad effects by avoiding food waste and combating loneliness.Because of people’s undervaluing of cooking at home, more women’s entry into the workforce and weakening work relationships, they often choose to eat alone.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] However, it does harm physically and mentally. (使用however对前文内容表达转折，physically和mentally副词作状语修饰动作does harm。)
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[高分句型2]Fortunately food-sharing programs make up for its bad effects by avoiding food waste and combating loneliness.(运用介词by+doing作方式状语，表达比较高级。)
[高分句型3]Eating together has declined because of people’s undervaluing of cooking at home, more women’s entry into the workforce and weakening work relationships.(使用动名词eating作主语，because of后接名词短语和动名词作并列宾语，充分使用了非谓语动词里的高级表达。)
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