GENERAL ENGLISH QUALIFYING TEST FOR NON-ENGLISH MAJOR
GRADUATE STUDENTS
考试注意事项
一、
本考试分A, B两种试卷，请考生拿到试卷后在答题卡的试卷类型一栏标
明。如：拿到A卷就在试卷类型一栏的字母[A]上划横线，拿到B卷在[B]上划横线。不标明A、B卷的试卷将以作废处理。请考生在机读卡的“学号”一栏填涂学号。 二、
A、B卷都分别由两份试卷组成：试卷一 (Paper One) 包括听力理解、词
汇、完形填空与阅读理解四部分，共80题，按序号统一编号；试卷二 (Paper Two) 包括翻译与写作两部分，共3题。 三、
试卷一(题号1-80 )为客观评分题，答案一律用中性2B铅笔做在机读卡
上, 在对应题号下所选字母中间划黑道。 四、
卷二为主观评分题，答案做在 ANSWER SHEET II上，答题前，请仔细
阅读试卷二的注意事项。 五、 六、
答案一律写在答题纸上，否则无效。
本考试全部时间为180分钟。其中，试卷一为100分钟，听力理解部分
的时间以放完录音为准，大约20分钟；其余部分所占时间与得分标准标在试卷上，由考生自行掌握。试卷二为80分钟。每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。考试终了时间一到， 考生一律停笔，将试卷和答案留在座位上，待监考老师收点无误后，经主考老师宣布本考试结束后方可离开考场。
PAPER ONE
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PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (15 minutes, 15 points) Section A (1 point each)
Directions: In this section you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause, during the pause, you must read the suggested answer marked A, B, C and D and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 1. A. He can't read French novels without the help of his teacher. B. He has no problems understanding French novels.
C. He cannot do away with dictionaries when he reads French novels. D. He fell on a dictionary when he is reading a French novel.
2. A. She'd like to take a later flight. B. They won't arrive late.
C. They should leave for the airport immediately. D. She isn't afraid to travel alone.
3. A. To apply for a job.
B. To find out her position in the company. C. To offer her a position in the company.
D. To make an appointment with the sales manager.
4. A. She has to get ready for her speech. B. She doesn't like sea food.
C. She thinks the restaurant is too expensive. D. She will accompany the man to the restaurant.
5. A. It's no longer of any use to her.
B. She feels the man's apology is enough. C. It does have a back cover.
D. She is a generous woman by nature.
6. A. To a guest house. B. To the theater. C. To a hotel.
D. To a restaurant.
7. A. To remind him of the time for the film. B. To tell him she is busy.
C. To ask him to go to the movies.
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D. To invite him to sing.
8. A. He is curious. B .He is satisfied. C. He is exhausted. D. He is impatient.
9. A. Looking for a job.
B. Looking for an apartment. C. Taking a suburban excursion. D.Asking the man for his opinions.
Section B (1 point each)
Directions: In this section, you will hear two short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear one question, you must choose the answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. Questions 10~12 are based on the following passage: 10. A. Intellectual challenge. B. Social challenge. C. Physical challenge D. Economic challenge. .
11. A. Building pyramids. B. Exploring the space
C. Making plans for transportation. D. Painting a picture.
12. A. They face them.
B. They are interested in them. C. They accept and enjoy them. D. They ignore them Questions 13 — 15 are based on the following passage: 13. A. It's a new method to measure a country's production.
B. It's a way to study the economies of different countries. C. It's a new system to help make economic decisions.
D. It's a means to understand a country's economic changes.
14. A. GDP does not include earnings of companies operating in foreign countries.
B. GDP counts only goods and services produced within the nation's borders. C. GDP refers to earnings from home-made products.
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D. Earnings by foreign-owned companies are not included in GDP.
15. A. Because economic experts generally approve GDP.
B. Because most industrial countries used GDP.
C. Because GDP provides a truer measure of a country's economy. D. Because GDP is easier to be understood.
PART II VOCABULARY ( 15 minutes, 10 points) Section A ( 0.5 point each)
Directions: In this section there are ten sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
16. Reports of torture and mass execution in the concentration camps have outraged the world religious leaders. A. irritated B. slashed C. raged D. reminded 17. Thousands of English words derive from Latin. A. obtain B. detect C. decode D. originate 18. I have always regarded him as a man of integrity.
A. character B. integration C. kindness D. uprightness
19. What a tremendous party it's been! I have enjoyed every minute of it. A. humorous B. fortunate C. content D. wonderful
20. Jefferson believed in human rights. He approved of the French Revolution. A. joined B. opposed C. devoted D. was in favor of
21. People are understandably wary of the new government.
A. grateful B. hostile C. cautious D. ironic 22. She gave a cordial reception to her guest. A. welcome B. party C. invitation D. overcoat
23. This is one of several extraordinary scenes in the movie, including the sudden
murder of a young man that triggers the suppressed desire between George and Lucy.
A. activated B. wiped C. meddled D. posed
24. William E. Boeing, founder of the company that designed the 747, had to resort to manufacturing bedroom furniture to survive some lean years.
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A. come to B. turn to C. add to D. apply to
25. These changes have made the campus an easier place for people with handicaps. A. disabilities B. casualties C. obstacles D. injuries Section B (0.5 point each)
Directions: In this section, there are ten incomplete sentences. For each sentence, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
26. If you want to know the train schedule, please ______ at the booking office.
A. acquire B. inquire C. request D. require
27. One of the rumors ____ at the moment is that the company is about to go bankrupt.
A. evaporating B. circulating C. emitting D. elaborating
28. This candidate has an impressively _____ range of interests and experience.
A. diverse B. reverse C. adverse D. controversial
29. China will continue to be the most ______ economic region in Asia.
A. effective B. intermediate C. practical D. dynamic 30. May I _____ that if we don't leave now we shall miss the bus?
A. point out B. pick out C. wipe out D. make out 31. The patient condition has _______ since he had a heart attack. A. deteriorated B. decreased B. treated D. diagnosed
32. The policeman stopped him when he was driving home and ______ him of
speeding. A. charged B.accused C. blamed D. weary
33. The poverty of some of the districts is an _____ to good education.
A. objection B. obstacle : C. obligation D. obsession
34. It has become necessary to develop new and better tools of market research in order to _____sales with greater certainty because production and purchasing has to be adjusted to sales expectations.
A. foster C. forecast
B. calculate D. promote
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35. In the past few years the workers have_____ a lot of suggestions, some of which are being put into practice.
A. put down B. put off
C. put out D. put forward
PART III CLOZE TEST ( 20 minutes 15 points)
Directions: Read the passage through. Then go back and choose one item of suitable word(s) marked A, B, C or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. President Hu Jintao's call for accelerated social security reforms in both urban and rural areas demand the full attention of all departments 36 building a better social safety net. If the country is to create a development opportunity out of the current economic 37 , the policymakers concerned must 38 their efforts to overhaul the social security system 39 people's increasing needs. 40 the global financial and economic crisis hit the country's exports hard late last year, the Chinese authorities have recognized the 41 to move away from reliance on export and investment for growth. And, to 42 domestic consumption as a key growth engine, a national consensus has been developed on a more universal, 43 and efficient social security net to cushion people against hard times. The central government has planned to 44 728 billion yuan ($106 billion) this year - an increase of 29.4 percent year on year – for 45 directly related to the people's 46 such as education, medical and health care, social security, employment, low-income housing and culture. The country has also achieved considerable progress on expanding 47 of basic social security in both urban and rural areas. However, 48 the massive outlay needed, the current social security coverage remains meager. 49 , most people are keen to save money for keeping in the bank 50 spend it without worrying about old age or costly medical treatment. 6
36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.
A. in charge of A. setbacks A. promote A. in line with A. If
A. requirement A. lift A. versatile A. make A. items A. well-off A. insurance A. despite A. As a result A. instead of
B. responsible for C. controlling B. troubles B. enhance B. according to B. Since B. demand B. boost B. susceptible B. take B. terms B. well-being B. funds B. as B. In a word B. would rather
C. crisis C. raise C. based on C. While C. necessity C. develop C. flexible C. assign C. lists C. well-to-do C. coverage C. supposing C. Generally C. as well as
D. accused of D. difficulties D. speed up D. depended on D. Although D. possibility D. accelerate D. fresh D. allocate D. projects D. welfare D. reports D. given D. all in all D. rather than
PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (60 minutes, 30 points)
Directions: In this part of the test, there are five short passages for you to read. Read each passage carefully, and hen do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D and then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
Passage 1
Gopher Prairie, in which the action of Sinclair Lewis' Main Street (1920) takes place, is a town of 3, 000 inhabitants, smug, dull people whose one idea is to get on materially. They have no use for anyone who wishes something better for them; they oppose civic（市政的） reform, cultural and educational projects. The most honored citizens are bankers. Carol, who has been to college and held a position as a librarian, comes to Gopher Prairie to live with her doctor husband. Appalled by the stagnant（停滞的） life of the town, and failing to become adjusted to it, she tries a number of cultural ideas. Her efforts to establish a little theater meet with no encouragement. Indeed, the people merely think she is putting on airs. Her affection for her husband wanes（衰落）, and she takes up with Erik Valborg, in whom she sees a spirit akin（类似的） to her own. She leaves the little town for Washington, D. C., where she works as a government clerk. Later she returns to Gopher Prairie, better equipped than before to understand the forces which shape Main Street.
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At the time of its first appearance, Main Street provoked a storm of protest on the ground that the novelist libeled（诽谤）good Americans. Today, no one thinks of repeating this charge. Indeed, as Lewis Gannett points out, Main Street has in no way changed except externally; it is the same Main Street; yet, doubtless it reads Sinclair Lewis' novels as eagerly as the rest of the nation. At the time when Main Street was published Lewis was accused of hating dull people. The novelist retorted that he did not hate them: he loved them. The truth is, the world of 1920 could not stand criticism. The Pulitzer Prize committee refused to award Main Street a prize. The novelist was to have his revenge six years later, when he rejected the same award for Arrowsmith .
51. Which of the following is the central preoccupation of the people of Gopher Prairie?
A. Progressive education. B. Material possessions. C. Cultural activity. D. Civic reform.
52. When the people of Gopher Prairie thought that Carol was \"putting on airs, \" they meant that she ______. A. talkative B. pretentious C. organized D. overdressed
53. In the first paragraph, Erik Valborg's spirit is said to be \"akin\" to Carol's, because they ______ .
A. are related by marriage B. share a common religion C. have mutual interests D. are emotional people
54. According to the passage, why was there such adverse reaction to Main Street in 1920?
A. People were reluctant to admit their faults. B. Sinclair Lewis did not like honorable citizens. C. Gopher Prairie was portrayed inaccurately. D. The main character led an unconventional life.
55. According to the passage, which of the following statements best explains why Sinclair Lewis rejected the Pulitzer Prize for Arrowsmith? A. He thought Arrowsmith was not worthy of the honor.
B. He disapproved of the composition of the Pulitzer Prize committee. C. He claimed that the Pulitzer Prize had no status.
D. He felt the committee had unjustly overlooked his previous work. Passage 2
It is all very well to blame traffic jams, the cost of petrol and the quick pace of modern life, but manners on the roads are becoming horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men become monsters behind the wheel. It is all very well, again, to have a tiger in the tank, but to have one in the driver's seat is another matter altogether. You might tolerate the odd road-hog, the rude and inconsiderate driver, but
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nowadays the well-mannered motorist is the exception to the rule. Perhaps the situation calls for a \"Be Kind to Other Drivers\" campaign, otherwise it may get completely out of hand.
Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to uncivilized behavior. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards relieving the tensions of motoring. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such acknowledgements of politeness are all too rare today. Many drivers nowadays don't even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.
However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. Typical examples are the driver who brakes violently to allow a car to emerge from a side street at some hazard to following traffic, when a few seconds later the road would be clear anyway; or the man who waves a child across a zebra crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care to. It always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodies of these grannies.
A veteran driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if motorists learnt to filter correctly into traffic streams one at a time without causing the total blockages that give rise to bad temper. Unfortunately, modern motorists can't even learn to drive, let alone master the subtler aspects of roadsmanship. Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.
56. According to the passage, troubles on the road are primarily caused by _____.
A. people's attitude towards the road-hog B. the rhythm of modern life C. the behavior of the driver D. traffic conditions
57. The sentence \"You might tolerate the odd road-hog ... the rule. \" (para. 1) implies that ________.
A. our society is unjust towards well-mannered motorists B. rude drivers can be met only occasionally
C. the well-mannered motorist cannot tolerate the road-hog
D. nowadays impolite drivers constitute the majority of motorists 58. By \"good sense\_ ______ .
A. the driver's ability to understand and react reasonably
B. the driver's prompt response to difficult and severe conditions C. the driver's tolerance of rude or even savage behavior
D. the driver's acknowledgement of politeness and regulations
59. Experts have long pointed out that in the face of car-ownership explosion, ______.
A. road users should make more sacrifice
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B. drivers should be ready to yield to each other
C. drivers should have more communication among themselves D. drivers will suffer great loss if they pay no respect to others 60. In the writer's opinion, ______.
A. strict traffic regulations are badly needed B. drivers should apply road politeness properly C. rude drivers should be punished D. drivers should avoid traffic jams
Passage 3
As a medium of exchange, money permits the separation of exchange into the two distinct acts of buying and selling, without requiring the seller to purchase goods from the person who buys his products, or vice versa（反之亦然）. Hence, producers who know they will be paid in money, can concentrate on finding the most suitable outlet for their goods, while buyers who will pay in money, can concentrate on finding cheapest market for the things they wish to purchase. Specialization, which is vital to an advanced economy, is encouraged, because people whose output is not a complete product but only a part of one in which many others are involved can be paid an amount equivalent to their share of the product.
Another advantage of money is that it is a measure of value — that is, it serves as a unit in terms of which the relative values of different products can be expressed. In a barter economy（物物交换经济） it would be necessary to determine how many plates were worth one hundred weight of cotton, or how many pens should be exchanged for a ton of coal, which would be a difficult and time-consuming task. The process of establishing relative values would have to be undertaken for every act of exchange, according to what products were being offered against one another, and according to the two parties' desires and preferences. If I am trying to barter fish for bananas, for example, a lot would depend on whether the person willing to exchange bananas is or is not keen on fish.
Thirdly, money acts as a store of wealth. It is difficult to image saving under a barter system. No one engaged on only one stage in the manufacture of a product could save part of his output, since he would be producing nothing complete. Even when a person actually produced a complete product the difficulties would be overwhelming. Most products deteriorate fairly rapidly, either physically or in value, as a result of long storage; even if storage were possible, the practice of storing products for years on would involve obvious disadvantages — imagine a coal-miner attempting to save enough coal, which of course is his product, to keep him for life. If wealth could not be saved, or only with great difficulty, future needs could not be provided for, or capital accumulated to raise productivity.
61. Using money as a medium of exchange means that ______.
A. you have to sell something in order to buy something B. you have to buy something in order to sell something
C. you don't have to buy something in order to sell something D. the seller and the purchaser are the same person
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62. Specialization is encouraged because _______.
A. people can use their money to buy whatever they want
B. people do not need to make a complete product for exchange C. people make a great contribution to the manufacture of a product D. people can not use their money to buy whatever they want 63. A barter economy is one in which _______.
A. value is decided by weight B. value is decided by number
C. money is used and goods are not exchanged D. goods are exchanged and money is not used
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64. If one had to save products instead of money, _______.
A. this would need years of practice
B. coal, for example, would lose its value C. they could not be stored for years on end D. many products would lose their value
65.How many advantages of money are mentioned in this passage?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
Passage 4
Kristina Mercier noticed her ten-year-old son, Brad, was becoming a nervous wreck（精神脆弱者）the closer it got to test day. A high school English teacher in Wilmington, North Carolina, says Brad was terrified he'd flunk（不及格） a state-mandated test（州统考）. \"He didn't want to go to school and started crying about every little thing,\" she says. \"For a while, he was even having nightmares. I thought I'd have to take him to a psychiatrist. Then I found out the school principal was getting on the intercom every morning and saying, ' I want you to work really hard today so you'll pass the test. ' Brad has always been a bit of a worrier. He really took it to heart.\"
The rise of standardized tests has had some unfortunate results. Now mandated（规定） by 48 states, such tests are intended to raise standards, providing parents — and legislators — with a measuring stick of how well teachers are doing. School district budgets, teacher pay and bonuses（奖金）, and student grade advancement are tied to test performance in a growing number of communities. As educators feel the heat, so do the kids — and some can't handle it. \"Kids see their teachers' anxiety over the tests and that makes them feel there's something to really worry about,\" says Leo Mickey Fenzel, Ph.D., associate professor of psychology at Loyola College in Maryland, and author of several studies on children's stress. \"Even the best students get nervous because they're afraid they'll mess up and disappoint teachers, parents, and themselves.\"
Devin O'Leary of Bloomington, Indiana, had a full-fledged（全面的） meltdown（垮台）, thanks to his statewide third-grade test. \"For weeks, teachers let the children know that this was a very serious test — the school had placed below the state average
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in the past, so everyone was uptight（紧张的）, \" says Debby O'Leary, his mother. Then, on test day, Devin was scolded for leaving his chair to help another child who was whining（嘀咕） because he couldn't do the math problems. \"Devin got hysterical（歇斯底里）; he was crying and shaking so much he had to be sent to the principal's office, \" she says. Although her son scored in the ninety-seventh percentile, Debby is relieved to know that he won't have another such test until he's in the sixth grade.
Ramirez Miller has seen kids cry, get sick to their stomachs, even wet their pants over such pressure. But she's found ways to ease the strain on the kids in her class. \"We used to give the tests cold turkey, but now we teach basic test skills, like how to fill out an answer bubble, and give practice exams, so kids become comfortable with the questions, \" she says.\"I try to make the two weeks before the test very relaxed, because if I'm showing stress, it will be transmitted to the children.\" The result? Relaxed children and higher scores. Which proves that, with some insight and creativity, school stress need not be a required part of the curriculum.
66. Which of the following applies to the description of Kristina Mercier's son after
his examination?
A. He was completely destroyed by the horrible stated-mandated test. B. He showed certain symptoms of nervous breakdown.
C. He couldn't concentrate on doing things related to the exam. D. He was brought to the hospital for advice from a psychiatrist.
67. What is the purpose of the increase of standardized tests in 48 states in the USA?
A. To improve the standards of teaching and help offering a reference framework. B. To help raise the school region budgets, teacher's salary and his or her bonuses. C. To make the examination more complicated to be handled with by the students. D. To put both the teachers and students under certain pressure for further advancement.
68. The first sentence in the third paragraph refers to that ______.
A. Devin got a perfect mark in the state-mandated test when he was in the third grade
B. Devin melt a full cup of ice when he participated in his third grade test in the state
C. Devin was thoroughly destroyed in his mind because of his behavior in the test D. Devin was very grateful for the statewide test in that he fled from the meltdown
69. What is the probable meaning of \"cold turkey\" in the last paragraph?
A. A large, widely domesticated North American bird with cold body. B. An uncooked cold dish provided in the test like salad. C. A retarded child who acted like a dumb cold turkey.
D. A sudden or unprepared administration of certain examination.
70.What's the author's attitude towards the rise of American standardized tests?
A. Approval. B. Objection. C. Objectivity. D. Indifference.
Passage 5
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Whether the eyes are \"the windows of the soul\" is debatable; that they are intensely important in interpersonal communication is a fact. During the first two months of a baby's life, the stimulus that produces a smile is a pair of eyes. The eyes need not be real: a mask with two dots will produce a smile. Significantly, a real human face with eyes covered will not motivate a smile, nor will the sight of only one eye when the face is presented in profile. This attraction to eyes as opposed to the nose or mouth continues as the baby matures. In one study, when American four-year-olds were asked to draw people, 75 percent of them drew people with mouths, but 99 percent of them drew people with eyes. In Japan, however, where babies are carried on their mother's back, infants do not acquire as much attachment to eyes as they do in other cultures. As a result, Japanese adults make little use of the face either to encode or decode meaning. In fact, Argyle reveals that the \"proper place to focus one's gaze during a conversation in Japan is on the neck of one's conversation partner.\"
The role of eye contact in a conversational exchange between two Americans is well defined: speakers make contact with the eyes of their listener for about one second, then glance away as they talk; in a few moments they re-establish eye contact with the listener or reassure themselves that their audience is still attentive, then shift their gaze away once more. Listeners, meanwhile, keep their eyes on the face of the speaker, allowing themselves to glance away only briefly. It is important that they be looking at the speaker at the precise moment when the speaker re-establishes eye contact: if they are not looking, the speaker assumes that they are disinterested and either will pause until eye contact is resumed or will terminate the conversation. Just how critical this eye maneuvering is to the maintenance of conversational flow becomes evident when two speakers are wearing dark glasses: there may be a sort of traffic jam of words caused by interruption, false starts, and unpredictable pauses. 71. The author is convinced that the eyes are ______ .
A. of extreme importance in expressing feeling and exchanging ideas B. something through which one can see a person's inner world C. of considerable significance in making conversations interesting D. something the value of which is largely a matter of long debate 72. Babies will not be stimulated to smile by a person _______ .
A. whose front view is fully perceived B. whose face is covered with a mask C. whose face is seen from the side D. whose face is free of any covering
73. According to the passage, the Japanese fix their gaze on their conversation
partner's neck because _______.
A. they don't like to keep their eyes on the face of the speaker B. they need not communicate through eye contact C. they don't think it polite to have eye contact D. they didn't have much opportunity to communicate through eye contact in babyhood
74. According to the passage, a conversation between two Americans may break down
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due to _______.
A. one temporarily glancing away from the other B. eye contact of more than one second C. improperly-timed ceasing of eye contact D. constant adjustment of eye contact
75. To keep a conversation flowing smoothly, it is better for the participants ______. A. not to wear dark spectacles B. not to make any interruptions
C. not to glance away from each other D. not to make unpredictable pauses
Passage 6
In the last half of 19th century “capital” and “labor” were enlarging and perfecting their rival organizations on modern lines. Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders. It was moreover a step away from individual initiative, towards collectivism and municipal and state-owned business. The railway companies, though still private business managed for the benefit of shareholders, were very unlike old family business. At the same time the great municipalities went into business to supply lighting, trams and other services to the taxpayers.
The growth of the limited liability company and municipal business had important consequences. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business. All through the 19th century, America, Africa, India, Australia and parts of Europe were being developed by British capital, and British shareholders were thus enriched by the world’s movement towards industrialization. Towns like Bournmouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large “comfortable” classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends（红利）and occasionally attending a shareholders’ meeting to dictate their orders to the management. On the other hand “shareholding” meant leisure and freedom which was used by many of the Victorians for the highest purpose of a great civilization.
The “shareholders” as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labor was not good. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business. Indeed, the mere size of operations and the numbers of the workmen involved rendered such personal
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relations impossible. Fortunately, however, the increasing power and organization of the trade unions, at least in all skilled trades, enabled the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of companies who employed them. The cruel discipline of the strike and lockout（停工） taught the two parties to respect each other’s strength and understand the value of fair negotiation.
76. The author says that old family firms ______ . A. were ruined by the younger generations B. failed for lack of individual initiative
C. lacked efficiency compared with modern companies D. were able to supply adequate services to taxpayers
77. The growth of limited liability companies resulted in ______ . A. the separation of capital from management B. the ownership of capital by managers
C. the emergence of capital and labor ad two classes D. the participation of shareholders in land ownership 78. The text indicates that ______ .
A. some countries developed quickly because of their limited liability companies B. the tide of industrialization benefited British shareholders greatly
C. shareholders contributed a lot to the fast growth of the British economy D. the system of shareholding impaired the management of modern companies 79. We learn from the text that ______ .
A. shareholders often cast negative influence on the well-being of workers B. owners of traditional firm enjoyed a good relationship with their employees C. limited liability companies were too large to run smoothly D. trade unions had a positive role on workers and management 80. The author appears to be very critical of _____ . A. family firm owners B. shareholders C. managers D. landowners
PAPER TWO
译写答题注意事项
一、 本试卷答题一律写在答题纸(ANSWER SHEET)上，草稿纸上的答题
内容一律不予记分。
二、 中英文尽可能做到字迹清晰，书写工整，疏密相间均匀，字体大小
适当。
三、 英文作文必须逐行书写，不得隔行或跳行。
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PART V TRANSLATION (40 minutes, 20 points) Section A (20 minutes, 10 points)
Directions: Put the following paragraph into Chinese. Write your Chinese version on Answer Sheet.（注：斜体的人名和地名可以不翻译，直接写英文）
The death of former president of the Republic of Korea (ROK) Roh Moo-hyun on Saturday came as a shock not just to his earnest supporters, but to everyone in ROK. It was sad to know he jumped off a mountain cliff near his home in Gyeongsang province.
Roh, who had professed to be a principled man, presumably could not stand the humiliation（羞辱） he felt as he watched his moral high ground being chipped（撕碎） away by a criminal investigation into a corruption scandal allegedly involving him and his family. He said he did not take any money from businessman Park Yeon-cha, one of his staunch （坚定的） backers, while he was in office. Instead, he told prosecutors （检察官） that his wife took the money and that he did not know it at the time.
Section B ( 20 minutes, 10 points)
Directions: Put the following paragraph into English. Write your English
version on the Answer Sheet.
我国是世界上烟民最多的国家。资料显示，我国现有烟民人数达3.5亿，占了全世界烟民总数的1/3，中国超过15岁的男性中60%都抽烟。更为可怕的是，我国吸烟人群正在快速向年轻化发展。卫生部门近年所做的抽样调查结果显示，在大学、高中和初中男生中，吸烟的比率分别高达46%、45%和34%。
PART VI WRITING (30 minutes, 10 points)
以下内容摘自http://www.yunnan.cn （2009-04-24 18:30:24 星期五），请你在读完此文后自拟题目，写一篇不少于150词的短文，谈谈你对此的看法：
研究生的荣誉都丢哪去了？
实习、兼职的时间多了，做学问、搞研究的时间自然就少了。硕士生应该是“研究生”还是“求职生”？近日，中国青年报社调中心通过搜狐网就此话题对1800人的调查显示，61.6％的人认为硕士生首先是研究生，另有38.4％的人赞同硕士生是求职生。中青报的此次调查显示：因为找不到工作而读研究生的人占到了58.2％；46.8％的人认为读研究生是为了找一份更好的工作；21.0％的人认为现在用人单位需要高学历，还有15.9％的人是为了不想过早进入社会。（4月21日《中国青年报》）。
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研究生，曾经是一个多么荣耀的称谓。她代表着高学历、高能力，以及高社会地位。然而，她的这一切都已经一去不复返了。从源头上来说，研究生扩招使其质量下滑。一个导师带几个，十几个甚至几十个研究生不是什么新鲜事。一个研究生班级60个人，都不是什么怪事。有数据显示，国家了为了减缓2009年高校毕业生的就业压力，教育部在2009年研究生招生计划基础上，又增加了全日制专业学位硕士研究生招生计划5万个。不管是教育部门还是研究生自己，都未能好好珍惜研究生这个曾经让人感到荣耀的称谓，研究生荣誉丢失自然就合乎情理。
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