英汉翻译教程自考题-1 (总分100,考试时间90分钟)
Ⅰ.Multiple Choice Questions A
Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different translations labeled A、B、C and D. Choose the one that is the most equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness.
1. When the reply came a few months later they were enrolled as full member.( ) A．回信到了几个月以后，他们都被吸收为正式党员。 B．过了几个月，回信来了，他们都被吸收为正式党员。 C．过了几个月，回信来了，他们全都成了党员。 D．回信到了几个月后，他们全都成了党员。
2. The country was a place where men worked from dawn to dark, and the labourer lived not in the sun, but in poverty and darkness.( )
A．在农村，有一个地方的人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者并不是沐浴在阳光下，而是生活在贫困和黑暗之中。
B．在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不住在太阳上，而是生活在贫困和黑暗之中。
C．在农村，有一个地方的人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不住在太阳上，而是生活在贫困和黑暗之中。
D．在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者并不是沐浴在阳光下，而是生活在贫困和黑暗之中。
3. Egypt's very soil was horn in the Nile's annual flood.( ) A．就连埃及的土地也是尼罗河每年泛滥而带来的。 B．埃及的非常土地也是尼罗河每年泛滥而带来的。 C．就连埃及的土地也是尼罗河的年度洪水中产生的。 D．埃及独特的土地也是尼罗河每年泛滥而带来的。
4. America supports international trade because we believe fundamentally that trade will enrich those nations who embrace its discipline. ( )
A．美国支持国际贸易，因为我们确信，贸易会使那些拥抱行为准则的国家富裕起来。 B．美国支持国际贸易，因为我们确信，贸易会使那些遵守行为准则的国家富裕起来。 C．美国支持国际贸易，因为我们确信，贸易会使那些遵守行为准则的国家丰富起来。 D．美国支持国际贸易，因为我们确信，贸易会使那些遵守学科纪律的国家富裕起来。
5. The days connecting these seasons are monotonous, with some sun, some smog and more sun.( )
A．这两个季节之间的日子是非常单调的，有时见一点阳光，有时烟雾弥漫，过后再见一点儿阳光。
B．这两个季节都很非常单调的，有时见一点阳光，有时烟雾弥漫，过后再见一点儿阳光。
C．这两个季节之间的日子是非常单调的，有阳光，还有烟雾，还有更多的阳光。 D．这两个季节都很非常单调的，有阳光，还有烟雾，还有更多的阳光。
6. 日子很快地过去了。( )
A. Time passed quickly. B. Time past quickly. C. Time is passed quickly. D. Time is past quickly.
7. 剧院里很多女演员学会打毛衣，大都是我教她们的。( )
A. Many actresses in the opera troupe learned to knit as well, mostly from me. B. Many other actresses in the opera troupe learned to knit as well, most from me. C. Many other actresses in the opera troupe learned knit as well., mostly from me. D. Many other actresses in the opera troupe learned to knit as well, mostly from me.
8. 淡水资源人均占有量仅为世界平均水平的四分之一。( )
A. The amount of freshwater resources per capita is only one-fourth the world average. B. The amount of freshwater sources per capita is only one-fourth the world average. C. The amount of water resources per capita is only one-fourth the world average.
D. The amount of freshwater resources per capita is only one in four the world average.
9. 对合营企业可以依照法律程序实行征收。( )
A. Equity joining ventures may be requisitioned by following legal procedures. B. Equity joint ventures may be requisitioned by following legal procedures. C. Equity joint ventures may requisition by following legal procedures.
D. Equity joint ventures may be requisitioned with following legal procedures.
10. 相互了解，是发展国与国之间关系的前提。( )
A. Mutually understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations. B. Mutual understanding is the basic for state-to-state relations. C. Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations. D. Mutual understanding is the basis for state-with-state relations. B
Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices labeled A、B、C and D. Choose the one that **pletes each statement.
11. 下列关于翻译中常见的分词短语，说法正确的是( )
A．英语中有分词，不但有现在分词，还有过去分词，但是用法不灵活。 B．分词引导的短语只能放在句首。
C．汉语里没有分词，多用并列动词或并列分句。 D．汉语句子里并列关系很少，层次不甚明显。
12. “‘直译’偏重对于原文的忠实，‘意译’偏重译文语气的顺畅”是以下哪位的看法?( ) A．周熙良 B．朱光潜 C．许渊冲 D．茅盾
13. 以下说法正确的是( )
A．英语句子不注重突出重点
B．英语有时态，可以通过动词的变化显出动作发生的先后顺序 C．汉语叙事多靠递进结构
D．英语比汉语较多地依靠各成分之间的顺序，尤其是时间顺序和逻辑顺序
14. 以下哪位认为：泰特勒的三原则，严复的信达雅，归根到底是不同程度的信。( ) A．郑振铎 B．傅雷 C．刘重德 D．徐永煐
15. 下列关于泰特勒三原则哪一项是正确的( )
A. That the translation should not give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work. B. That the style and manner of writing should be of different characters with that of the original.
C. That the translation should have all the ease of **position.
D. That the translation should have none of the ease of **position.
Ⅱ.Word and Phrase Translation A.
Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese.
16. in salutation
17. water wheel
18. negative effects
19. completely smash
20. living organisms
21. the Imperial Palace
22. outward investor
23. food production
24. make an allowance
25. market-day
B.
Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English.
26. 中人
27. 中年女工
28. 淡水资源
29. 可再生能源
30. 合法权益
31. 兴修水利
32. 称霸
33. 赔偿损失
34. 公共利益
35. 诺贝尔奖获得者
Ⅲ.Translations Improvement A.
Directions: Each of the following Chinese translations has one or more inadequacies. Improve the given translations.
36. 原文：Tell my wife to stop her washing. 译文：告诉我妻子停下来去洗洗。 改译：
37. 原文：I have done well in this respect as regards my other ancestors. 译文：我恭恭敬敬地对待其他祖先，在这方面做得很好。 改译：
38. 原文：Two little boys caught our attention. 译文：两个小男孩抓住了我们的注意力。 改译：
39. 原文：Anger and bitterness had preyed upon me. 译文：气愤和苦恼捕食着我。 改译：
40. 原文：The Industrial Revolution began with such machines. 译文：工业革命开始做这些机器。 改译： B.
Directions: Each of the following English translations has one or more inadequacies. Improve the given translations.
41. 原文：如今，能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。
译文：To write a preface to this collection of his essays gives me great honor. 改译：
42. 原文：鼓励合营企业向中国境外销售产品。
译文：Encourage equity joint ventures to market its products outside China. 改译：
43. 原文：亲仁善邻，国之宝也。
译文：Love people and treat neighbours kindly are most valuable to a country.
改译：
44. 原文：把“祖师爷”请到前台去。
译文：Inviting the patron saint of actors to the front stage. 改译：
45. 原文：意大利是我最喜欢的一个欧洲国家。
译文：Italy is one of my favourite European countries. 改译：
Ⅳ.Paragraph Translations A.
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese.
46. The afternoon sun penetrated the mass of honeysuckle that covered the porch, and fell on my upturned face. My fingers lingered almost unconsciously on the familiar leaves and blossoms which had **e forth to greet the sweet southern spring. B.
Directions: Translate the following passage into English.
47. 现阶段中国已经实现了粮食基本自给，在未来的发展过程中，中国依靠自己的力量实现粮食基本自给，客观上具备诸多有利因素。根据中国农业自然资源、生产条件、技术水平和其他发展条件，粮食增产潜力很大。
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