英语动词的时态(Tense)是英语句子谓语动词的一种形式。是谓语动词在各种时间条件下的不同变化形式。英语动词常用时态有12种:一般过去、一般现在、一般将来,以及这三者与进行时,完成时和完成进行时的组合。这是英语语言和汉语语言区别最大的地方,同时也是高考重点的考查内容,很多同学对英语的动词时态不能很好地把握。那么,有没有一种简便而又高效的办法学好英语中动词的时态呢?
下面是一个表格,它能把过去、现在和将来这三大类时间与进行时,完成时和完成进行时组合成12句话,运用“吃披萨”在不同的语境下表示的12句话,来清晰的呈现高考英语中时态这一复杂的语法概念,让同学们能很好地理解时态,从而轻松地搞定高考常考点“动词的时态”
深刻领会、并背诵12句含有“吃披萨”的句子,就可以轻松搞定高考常见动词时态在各种语境下的运用!
Present(现在) Simple I eat pizza everyday. (一般) 我每天都吃披萨。 -To express habits or general truth. 表示经常发生的动作或普遍的真理。 -To indicate a future event on a designed date as part of a plan or arrangement. 表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。 -With ‘mental action’ verbs: like, love, want, need, believe, ect. 表示知觉的动词如”like, love, want, need, believe”等常用一般现在时。 Continuous I am eating pizza right now. (进行) 我现在正在吃披萨。 -To indicate action going on at the time of speaking. 表示此时此刻(指说话人说话时)正在进行的动作。 -To indicate temporary action which may not be happening at the time of speaking. 表示现阶段正在进行的动作(说话时动作未必正在进行)。 -With a habitual action verb, especially to indicate a stubborn habit. 和习惯性动词连用时,尤其表示一个固执的行为习惯。 Perfect I have eaten all of the pizza. (完成) 我刚吃了所有的披萨。 -To indicate past action which is not defined by a time of occurrence. 表示过去的一个动作,而动作发生的时间并无特殊表明。 -To indicate an action which started in the past and has continued up until now. 表示过去某事开始的动作一直持续到现在。 Perfect I have been eating pizza for 2 hours. Continuous 我吃了2个小时的披萨了。 (完成进-To indicate an action which started at some point in the past and may or may not be complete. 行) 表示从过去某时延续到现在的动作,动作会延续下去,或是到说话时结束。 Past Simple (一般) I ate pizza yesterday. 我昨天吃的披萨。 -To indicate a past habit – or an action already completed. 表示过去的习惯或完成的动作。 Continuous I was eating pizza when you arrived. (进行) 当你到的那个时候我正在吃披萨。 -To indicate uncompleted action of the past (with or without time reference) 表示过去未完成的动作(通过过去的时间状语来判断) -To indicate persistent habits of the past (with always, continuously, forever, ect.) 表示过去持续性的习惯或动作(和always, continuously, forever等词连用) Perfect I had eaten all of the pizza when you arrived. (完成) 你到的时候我已经吃完所有的披萨了。 -To indicate a completed action of the past that happened before another event took place. 表示在过去的某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的动作。 Perfect I had been eating pizza for 2 hours when you arrived. Continuous 你到的时候我吃了2个小时的披萨了都。 (完成进-To indicate an action in the past that began before a certain point in the past and continued up until that time. 行) 表示动作从早些时候开始,持续到过去的某个点,并可能延续下去。 Future Simple (一般) I will eat pizza tomorrow. 明天我要吃披萨。 -To indicate an action, condition, or circumstance which hasn’t taken place yet. 表示还没有发生的动作、状态、或情况。 Continuous I will be eating pizza when you arrive. (进行) 你到的时候我会在吃披萨。 -To indicate what will be going on at some time in the future. 表示在将来的某点会发生的动作。 -To indicate planned future events. 表示计划好的将来事件。 Perfect I will have eaten all of the pizza by the time you arrive. (完成) 你到的时候我就会已经吃完所有的披萨了。 -To indicate an action that will be complete before another event takes place. 表示在将来的一个动作前已经完成的动作。 Perfect I will have been eating pizza for 2 hours when you arrive. 等你到的时候我都已经吃Continuous 了2小时披萨了。 (完成进-To indicate an action that will have happened for some time and will not be complete yet at a certain point in the future. 行) 表示一个动作在将来的某个点已经持续了一段时间并且会延续下去。
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