考点1 倒 装
部分倒装 ★★★
典例1 \"Never for a second,\" the boy says,\" I doubt that my father would come to my rescue.\"
考查部分倒装和动词时态。句意:那个男孩说:\"我爸爸会来救我的,对此我片刻也没有怀疑过。\"表示否定意义的词never位于句首,句子要用部分倒装;结合句中的would可知,直接引语中的主句应用一般过去时,因此助动词用did。
did
典例2 by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent can the patients be treated properly in this hospital.
句意:只有把医生的人数增加50%,该院的病人才能得到合适的治疗。句中的情态动词can提到了主语之前,由此可知,此句采用了部分倒装结构。\"only+状语\"位于句首时,句子要部分倒装,故此处填Only。
Only
典例3 —How was the weather then?
—Hardly I stepped off the plane when it started to rain.
句意:——当时的天气怎么样?——我刚下飞机就开始下雨了。由题干中的关键词Hardly和when及句意可判断出答语属于Hardly…when…结构,从句用了一般过去时,那么主句要用过去完成时;又因Hardly位于句首,所以主句用部分倒装结构。
had
典例4 So difficult I find it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.
在\"so…that…\"结构中,当\"so+形容词/副词\"置于句首时,主句采用部分倒装;又因that引导的从句中用一般过去时,所以主句也用一般过去时。
did
考点2 强 调
强调句型 ★★★
典例5 It was with the help of the local guide the mountain climber was rescued.
考查强调句型的基本结构。句意:那位登山者是在当地向导的帮助下获救的。题干为强调句型,判断方式是将题干中的It was和空格去掉,剩余部分(with the help of the local guide, the mountain climber was rescued)在结构和意义上都是完整的。而且此处强调的是状语,所以空格处应用that构成强调句型的基本框架。
that
典例6 Was it because Jack came late for school Mr. Smith got angry?
句意:史密斯先生是因为杰克上学迟到而生气的吗?从句子结构上看,本句使用了强调句型的一般疑问式,被强调的是原因状语从句,因此本空填that。
that
考点3 祈使句
祈使句的形式 ★★★
典例7 [2019四川成都一诊,70]Ready to play? (find)your nearest session using the map below.
根据语境并分析句子结构可知,此处是\"动词原形+其他\"结构的祈使句,应以动词原形开头,且动词位于句首,其首字母应大写。
Find
祈使句表示假设的情况 ★★★
典例8 (look) at the photos and title, and you will guess what the reading is about.
句意:看一下图片和题目,你就会猜出阅读材料是关于什么的。结合句意及句中的and(第二个)可知,该词前的部分是一个完整的句子,且表示条件;分析句子结构不难看出and(第二个)前是一个祈使句,整个句子属于\"祈使句+and+陈述句\"结构,故填Look。
Look
考点4 感叹句
典例9 The little boy came riding at full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. a dangerous scene it was!
分析句子结构可知此处为感叹句,属于\"What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语\"结构,故用What。
What 通关秘籍
三招破解what/how型感叹句
第一招:找不定冠词a/an。如果句中出现了不定冠词a/an,且冠词位于形容词之前,那么这个感叹句通常由what引导;若不定冠词位于形容词之后,则用how。
第二招:找形容词。如果句中有形容词,且这个形容词后直接跟名词,那么这个感叹句通常由what引导。 第三招:找副词/动词。如果被修饰词是副词/动词,那么感叹句就要由how来引导。
考点5 其他句型
省略 ★★☆
定语从句中的省略
典例10 The way he thought of to do the experiment was similar to the way you carried it out.
句意:他想出的做这个实验的方法与你做这个实验所用的方法相似。分析句子结构可知,\" he thought of to do the experiment\"为定语从句,先行词为The way,关系词在从句中作宾语,所以第一空可用that/which,且that/which可省略;\" you carried it out\"也为定语从句,先行词为the way,关系词在从句中作状语,故可用that/in which,也可省略。
that/which;that/in which
宾语从句中的省略
典例11 The report says the Internet is developing rapidly, and the world’s information superhighway is already beginning to take shape.
分析句子结构可知,says后接了两个宾语从句,第一个宾语从句省略了引导词that;第二个宾语从句的引导词仅起连接作用,无词义且不作成分,故应用that,且that不能省略。
that
反意疑问句 ★☆☆
反意疑问句的答语
典例12 —You won’t listen to him, will you? —No,I .I don’t think he is right.
句意: \"你不会听他的,是吗?\"\"是的,我不会,我认为他不对。\"根据答语中的\"I don’t think he is right\"可知填won’t,注意此处No应译为\"是的\"。
won’t
变反意疑问句时应注意的问题
典例13 I told them not everybody could run as fast as you, I?
句意:我告诉他们并非每个人都可以跑得和你一样快,是吗?陈述部分是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句,疑
问部分的主语和谓语一般要与主句的主语和谓语保持一致。题干主句为\"I told them\",故疑问部分用didn’t I。
didn’t
考法
考法1 考查祈使句
典例14 [2016甲卷(全国Ⅱ),70]It could be anything — gardening, cooking, music, sports — but whatever it is, (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
分析句子结构可知,but连接两个并列分句;其中第二个分句中的whatever引导让步状语从句,其后为祈使句充当主句。故填make。
make
考法总结 在解答该题时,分析句子结构非常重要。因为该句中whatever引导让步状语从句,所以其后应是主句,而祈使句可充当主句,非谓语动词(短语)则不可以。
考法2 考查强调句型
典例15 [2017天津,11]It was when I got back to my apartment I first came across my new neighbors.
句意:正是在我回到公寓的时候,我第一次遇到了新邻居。分析句子结构可知,本句使用了强调句式,强调when引导的时间状语从句,因此填that。
that
考法总结 设空处无提示词,去掉It was和空格后,句子结构和意义仍然完整,即可确定此句用了强调句式,故填that。
考法3 考查倒装
典例16 [2015天津,3]Only when Lily walked into the
office she realize that she had left the contract at home.
句意:直到走进办公室,莉莉才意识到她把合同落在了家里。\"Only+ 状语从句\"置于句首时,主句要部分倒装;根据状语从句中的walked及realize后宾语从句中的had left可知,主句应用一般过去时。故填助动词did。
did
考法总结 \"Only+状语从句\"置于句首时,主句要用部分倒装,再结合前面从句的时态可知应用一般过去时。掌握了倒装句式,并将其应用于书面表达中,会大大提升文章的档次。
冲刺双一流
难点1 强调句型与结构相似的主从复合句的区别
典例17 It was in the company I worked two years ago I met a foreigner.
考查强调句型和定语从句。句意:正是在我两年前工作过的公司我见到了一个外国人。分析句子结构可知,题干\"It was in the company ... I met a foreigner\"是强调句,强调的是地点状语in the company,company后有一个定语从句\" I worked two years ago\",先行词是company,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,故第一空用where;第二空用that构成强调句型的基本框架。
where; that
难点2 反意疑问句前后两部分的主语在人称和数上保持一致的几种情况
典例18 Everyone has done their best in the game, ?
当陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody(someone), anybody(anyone),nobody(no
one),everybody(everyone)时,疑问部分的主语用he或they;再结合\"前肯定后否定\"的原则和句中的their可知答案。
haven’t they
方法1 固定句式思维法
典例19 Could it be in the restaurant you had dinner with me yesterday you lost your handbag?
句意:你会不会把手提包丢在昨天我们一起吃晚饭的饭店里了?第一空用where引导定语从句,where在从句中作地点状语;第二空用that构成强调句型的基本框架。
where; that
方法2 标志识别法
典例20 Not until the motorbike looked almost new he stop repairing and cleaning it.
句意:直到摩托车看起来几乎像新的时,他才停止修理和清洗它。not until…位于句首时,主句要部分倒
装;再结合\"looked\"可知时态为一般过去时,故此处填助动词did。
did
典例21 Just in front of our house (stand)a tall tree with a history of 1,000 years.
表示地点的介词短语Just in front of our house置于句首,且句子的主语为名词短语,句子要完全倒装,即主语a tall tree要放在谓语之后。本空填stands或stood。
stands/stood
真题检测
1.[2018天津,14]It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house we saw Lily in the
passenger seat.
2.[2016天津,13]You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel the coach picks up tourists. 3.[2016江苏,34]Not until recently they encourage the development of tourist-related activities
in the rural areas.
4.[2015湖南,21]It was when we were returning home I realized what a good feeling it was to
have helped someone in trouble.
5.[2015湖南,23]Only after talking to two students I discover that having strong motivation is
one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
6.[2015重庆,9]Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century his musical gift was
fully recognized.
7.[2014湖南,29]Only when you can find peace in your heart you keep good relationships with others.
8.[2014陕西,17]No sooner Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into
thunderous applause.
9.[2014福建,29]It was the culture, rather than the language, made it hard for him to adapt to the
new environment abroad.
10.[2013新课标全国Ⅱ,10]It was only after he had read the papers Mr. Gross realized the task
before him was extremely difficult to complete.
11.[2013湖南,35]Not once it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his
class.
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