阅读理解
Loneliness has been linked to depression（抑郁）and other health problems. Now, a study says it can also spread. A friend of a lonely person was fifty-two percent more likely to develop feelings of loneliness. And a friend of that friend was twenty-five percent more likely to do the same.
Earlier findings showed that happiness, obesity(肥胖) and the ability to stop smoking can also spread like infections within social groups. The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Massachusetts. The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests have been added, including measures of loneliness and depression. The new findings involved more than five thousand people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study. The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness. The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends.
For example, loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together. The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men. The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about forty-eight days a year. The study found that having a lonely friend can add about seventeen days. But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by two and a half days. Lonely people become less and less trusting of others. This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends — and more likely that society will reject（排斥）them.
John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study. He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks.
57. As an average person, if you have 2 more common friends, how many days a year might you suffer from loneliness?
A. 48 days. B. 17 days. C. 65 days. D. 43 days. 58. What can we infer from the passage about lonely people?
A. They can overcome loneliness themselves. B. They will decrease loneliness day by day.
C. They are in great need of help from people around. D. They can help others to repair their social networks.
59. What’s the best way to help lonely people according to this passage?
A. Put them together. B. Make friends with them. C. Help them stop smoking. D. Ask them to loose weight. 60. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. Loneliness—The Cause of Depression B. How Loneliness Can Affect Social Networks C. Loneliness—A Serious Social Problem D. How People Can Help A Lonely Person
参考答案57、DCBB
阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。
A
A little girl lived in a small, very simple, poor house on a hill and as she grew she would play in the small garden. There, she was able to see over the garden fence and across the valley to a wonderful house high on the hill. This house had golden windows, so golden and shining that the little girl would dream of how magic it would be to grow up and live in a house with golden windows instead of an ordinary house like hers. Although she loved her parents and her family, she yearned to live in such a golden house and dreamed all day about how wonderful and exciting it must feel to live there.
When she got to an age when she gained enough skill and sensibility to go outside her garden fence, she asked her mother if she could go for a bike ride outside the gate and down the lane. After pleading with her, her mother finally allowed her to go, insisting that she should keep close to the house and not wander too far. The day was beautiful and the little girl knew exactly where she was heading! Down the lane and across the valley, she rode her bike until she got to the gate of the golden house across on the other hill.
As she dismounted her bike and leaned it against the gate post, she focused on the path that led to the house and then on the house itself. She was so disappointed as she realized all the windows were plain and rather dirty, reflecting nothing other than the sad neglect of the house that was derelict.
So sad she didn't go any further and turned, and heart broken as she remounted her bike. As she glanced up she saw a sight to amaze her. There across the way on her side of the valley was a little house and its windows glistened golden as the sun shone on her little home.
She realized that she had been living in her golden house and all the love and care she found there was what made her home the 'golden house'. Everything she dreamed was right there in front of her nose!
26. Why did the girl long for the house on the hill?
A. Because there was a small garden. B. Because it’s magic. C. Because it’s ordinary. 【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据This house had golden windows, so golden and shining that the little girl would dream of how magic it would be to grow up and live in a house with golden windows instead of an ordinary house like hers.因为小女孩认为那是一个有金窗子的房子，希望长大后住在金窗子的房子里，而不是像她家的普通房子，故选D。 27. Which statement is True according to Paragraph 2 and 3?
A. The girl’s mother finally allowed her to go to the golden house alone. B. The golden house was on the hill where the girl lived.
C What disappointed the little girl was that the house was locked.
D. Because its windows looked golden.
D. Actually , the windows of the golden house were common and covered with dirt. 【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据She was so disappointed as she realized all the windows were plain and rather dirty,她走到金窗子的房子那里一看它的窗子是非常平常的并且还相当的脏，故选D。
28. What amazed the girl was that_____
A. Her home was another golden house B. There was no golden house indeed
C. She could see the golden house only when she looked up D. The golden house disappeared when the sun shone on it 【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据As she glanced up she saw a sight to amaze her. There across the way on her side of the valley was a little house and its windows glistened golden as the sun shone on her little home.当她向她家的房子看去时她的房子在阳光的照射下竟然地金色的窗子，故选A。
29. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. The mother thought that she needn’t keep an eye on her daughter. B. The girl was determined to go to the golden house at the beginning. C. The girl had no idea where she was heading after leaving home. D. The girl didn’t love or care for her parents . 【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据This house had golden windows, so golden and shining that the little girl would dream of how magic it would be to grow up and live in a house with golden windows instead of an ordinary house like hers.可以推出这个女孩在起初就想去金色房子那里，故选B。
30.The passage is intended to tell us that_____.
A. girls often have amazing imagination B. not all dreams will come true C. what we dream of may be just around us D. nothing is impossible to a willing heart 【答案】C
【解析】写作意图题。根据She realized that she had been living in her golden house and all the love and care she found there was what made her home the 'golden house'. Everything she dreamed was right there in front of her nose!自己梦想得到的东西其实就在自己的身边，故选C。
阅读理解-----A
Plant a Tree in Your Community
Almost everyone loves trees, but did you know that trees can help people heal faster?
It’s true. According to the ISA (International Society of Arboriculture), hospital patients have been shown to recover faster when offered a view with trees. And while trees certainly benefit any landscapes—whether lining residential streets, dotting urban areas, or in full glory in the forest—they are actually important to our daily well－being.
Trees improve the quality of the air around us by absorbing dust and other particulates (微粒), and release clean oxygen for you to breathe. If the health of people and the environment aren’t high on your list of concerns, perhaps your wallet is: Trees make economic sense. A home surrounded by trees costs less to cool and heat. Neighborhoods with trees are often several degrees cooler than those in similar climates that don’t have trees. In winter, trees can keep your house warmer by blocking high winds. Also, less water is needed in tree－shaded areas where the sun isn’t constantly boating down on the earth below.
Besides, trees can enhance privacy, block unpleasant views, and improve the value of your home. Unfortunately, these days, mass construction projects tend to wipe out all the trees in an area before creating new neighborhoods and buildings. That’s why it’s more important than ever to plant a tree in your community.
Check out the NADF (National Arbor Day Foundation) online to find out more about planting a tree in your area or how to volunteer in an urban center. The Arbor Day Foundation can tell you how to plant a tree in someone’s name as a gift, donate a tree in someone’s honor, or memorialize a loved one by planting a tree.
5．According to the ISA, a sick person in hospital can get well sooner if he or
she ______.
A. has a glance at some trees B. can enjoy a view of trees C. receives treatment in time D. is surrounded by flowers 6．Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Trees benefit any landscape as well as human beings. B. Trees take in dust and dioxide and release clean oxygen.
C. The health and the environment aren’t on people’s list of concerns. D. People in tree－shaded areas can reduce their cost on house holding. 7．It is more necessary than ever to plant trees mainly because they ______. A. improve the quality of the air B. make economic profits C. are destroyed for mass construction D. are used to insure privacy 8．______ is most probably mentioned following the last paragraph. A. The website of the NADF B. How to plant a tree
C. Importance of planting trees D. How to be a volunteer [答案]
树的好处难以一一列举，尽管如此，大规模的建设却将它们毫不留情地铲除。参加植树活动吧，为自己，为别人，也为我们赖以生存的地球增添一片绿荫。
5．B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...hospital patients have shown to recover faster when offered a view with trees”可判断B项正确。A项中的glance表示“瞥了一眼”，与原文不符；后两项在文章中没有信息支持。
6．C。细节理解题。第三段前半部分中的“If the health of people and the environment aren’t high on your list of concerns”是说“假如你不太关心人们的健康和环境”，这只是假设，因此C项不正确。
7．C。细节理解题。结合倒数第二段的中间部分和最后部分可知C项正确。其余三项叙述的都是树的某种用途。
8．A。文章结构题。根据最后一段的开头部分可知文章接下去要叙述的是NADF网站。B、D两项只是网站涉及的部分内容；C项在本段中没有信息支持。 阅读理解
Nowadays, people in China are increasingly interested in celebrating foreign
festivals, especially those western festivals.
A survey conducted recently by sina. com showed that among the 18,222 people surveyed 63.90% said celebrating Christmas is just another way of recreation, nothing serious, while 17.85% surveyed considered the festival as a fashion act, showing they were not “out”. These two parts clearly indicate the general opinion of the young. 10.45% people involved said the celebration of a religious western festival with so much enthusiasm is absolutely ridiculous pursuit of foreign goodness. Only 7.80% of the people define Christmas as a kind of festival colonization(殖民)．
The arising of celebrating foreign festivals clearly has something to do with the advancement of China’s economy. In my point of view, Christmas and other festivals celebrated in China have difference from the origin. They have lost their religious background and turned into a big occasion to have fun and enjoy life. Shop owners’ pockets are filled, the public’s hunger for happiness is filled, and that is enough. Foreign festivals in China are more like carnivals giving people pleasure and enjoyment.
The crisis(危机) of traditional Chinese festivals that are losing their attraction may be linked to the culture tradition and background of the festivals. Most Chinese festival culture is related more or less to real life. “The country is based on its people while the people are relied on their food”．
But the western culture shows much of romance. Some festivals have their religious background while others have much to do with culture and people. At this point, food seems to be too plain. Flowers and chocolates are more welcomed.
Foreign festivals in China today are celebrated for fun. They give people opportunities to relax and celebrate, to show appreciation and gratefulness. The acceptance of foreign festivals generally depends on the openness of the public, the familiarity with the western culture, and most importantly, on people’s economic status.
5．From the survey we know that among the people surveyed ______. A. most think celebrating foreign festivals is ridiculous
B. many fear that traditional Chinese festivals will disappear soon
C. some think that celebrating foreign festivals is a sign of foreign goodness chasing
D. half think celebrating foreign festivals makes people not go out of fashion 6．The writer thinks that foreign festivals celebrated in China ______.
A. have lost their religious background B. are the same as those celebrated in the West C. can give more fun than traditional Chinese festivals D. may reduce the hunger of public people
7．What is the main difference between foreign festivals and traditional Chinese ones?
A. Foreign festivals can make Chinese shop owners’ pockets full quickly. B. The food at foreign festivals is too simple.
C. Chinese festivals always have something to do with culture.
D. Foreign festivals are romantic while traditional Chinese ones are connected with reality.
8．Which of the following may NOT be the reason why so many people accept foreign festivals?
A. People can relax themselves.
B. People can show their thanks to others.
C. Foreign festivals have longer histories than Chinese ones. D. People have known more about the western culture. [答案]
如今，中国人对西方的节日越来越感兴趣，而中国的传统节日越来越不受人们的重视，原因何在呢？中西方两种文化有何不同之处，西方节日在中国处于一个什么样的地位，接受西方的节日是对是错？读完这篇文章，相信我们会得到答案。
5．C。细节理解题。A项只有10.45%的人如此认为，most一词错误；B项will disappear soon错误；D项只有17.85%的人这么认为，很明显，half一词错误；依据文章第二段倒数第二句可知C项正确。
6．A。细节理解题。依据文章第三段第三句中的“They have lost their religious background and turned into a big occasion to have fun and enjoy life.”可知，A项正确；依据第三段中的have difference from the origin可知B项错误；C项文章没有进行比较；D项文章用的是the public’s hunger for happiness is filled，而非饥饿，故答案为A。
7．D。细节理解题。A项错误，文章第三段提及商家挣到了钱，公众的幸福感得到了满足，而并非外国的节日能够让店主的钱包迅速地鼓起来；B项too simple与原文不符；C项不是区别，两种节日都与文化有关。依据文章第四、五两段可知，D项正确，两种节日的区别在于
西方的节日浪漫，而中国的节日则与实际生活密切相关。
8．C。细节理解判断题。文章没有提及中国的节日与西方的节日相比谁的历史更悠久，故C项错误。
阅读理解
Kilimanjaro Climb : a Rite of Passage for Father and Son
Climbing Kilimanjaro is a transformational experience for many people. The things that make the mountain hard are the very things that make it so powerful. In the case of my son Josh and I，the walk up Kilimanjaro proved a powerful symbol of his transition into manhood, and a great change in our relationship.
Day three on the mountain, Josh was hit with massive headaches. He told me every step felt like a nail driving into his head. And then, on the night we climbed the crater rim, less than 40 minutes from the summit, Josh fell. I was walking ahead, and did not even see it. He was so exhausted that he could not get up. He recalled our guides, debating whether or not they should take him straight down. Josh snapped out of it. He forced himself to his feet, shook the guides off. He set his face towards the peak and just kept marching. Near the summit he caught up with me and we reached the peak together.
“ I’ve never been in so much pain and so happy at the same time，，，he said, as we sat side by side on the frozen rock and looked down over Africa. “You know, in the past when we’d go on camping and rafting trips, you guided and took care of me through it all. But on Kilimanjaro it was different. From the bottom up, I climbed it. I never felt like a kid, even when 1 was in pain. You never acted like a parent.”
“That’s not quite true，”I replied. “When you told me that on the summit you fell-and I did not even notice, my first thought was, ‘Oh my God! I’m such an awful parent!’ But then it hit me, ‘He got himself up. He walked to the peak on his own. He didn't need me to help.，”
I realized as I spoke that two people had died that night on Kilimanjaro. A child and a parent. It was just two friends who walked down the mountain together.
31. What is NOT mentioned in the first paragraph?
A. Kilimanjaro is powerful. B. Kilimanjaro is hard to climb.
C. Many people, including Josh, have changed after climbing Kilimanjaro. D. The writer has a distant relationship with his son after climbing Kilimanjaro. 【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段提到乞力马扎罗山很强大，很难爬，很多人，包括Josh都在爬过乞力马扎罗山后改变了。没有提到 D选项的内容，故选D。 32.From the second paragraph we know that_____
A. Josh had a slight headache.
B. Josh reached the top of the mountain with the help of the guides. C. Josh overcame various difficulties on his way to the summit. D. Climbing Kilimanjaro was too hard for such a child as Josh. 【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的句子：He forced himself to his feet, shook the guides off. He set his face towards the peak and just kept marching. Near the summit he caught up with me and we reached the peak together.可知Josh在登上山顶的过程中克服了很多困难。.故选C。
33. What does the underlined phrase in the second paragraph mean?
A. cheered up B. gave up 【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。cheer up振作起来；gave up放弃；burst out突发；ran out耗尽。 根据He forced himself to his feet, shook the guides off.可知：snap out of重新振作起来。故选A。
34. What can be inferred from the talk between the father and the son?
A. Josh felt quite good about his independence. B. Josh appreciated his parents ，company and care. C. The father felt guilty all the time.
D. The father should have taken good care of Josh as usual. 【答案】A
C. burst out
D. ran out
【解析】推理判断题。根据：“ I’ve never been in so much pain and so happy at the same time，，，可知Josh对自己的独立感觉很好。故选A。
35. Why did the father feel that two people had died?
A. Because two people had lost their lives while climbing Kilimanjaro. B. Because the father and son had become friends.
C. Because they had witnessed an accidence of a father and son. D. Because two friends had misled him. 【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据It was just two friends who walked down the mountain together.可知父亲觉得和儿子成为了朋友，所以以前的两个人死了。故选B。
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