【关键字】结尾
名词专项练习和讲解
一．可数名词
（1）规则变化:
①一般在单数名词词尾加-s。如：map → maps, boy→ boys, horse→ horses, table→ tables. ②以s, x, ch，sh结尾的词加-es.如：class→classes, box→boxes, watch→watches, dish→dishes. ③以o结尾的名词, 有生命的加-es, 如：tomato→tomatoes potato→potatoes, hero→heroes;
无生命的加-s如：photo→photos, piano→pianos.
【快速记忆：词尾字母若是 o，常用三个已足够，要加 -es 请记好，hero, tomato, potato。(英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿)。】
④以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es。如：family→families, city→cities； ⑤以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es。如：wolf→wolves, life→lives, knife→knives. ★以-f或-fe结尾的名词，单数变为单数时，大多将-f或-fe变为-ves, 常见的有：“小偷(thief)
的妻子(wife)用小刀(knife)和树叶(leaf)把狼(wolf)放在架子(shelf)上，劈成了两半(half), 结束了它的生命(life)。”
★以-f或-fe结尾的名词,直接在词尾加-s的有：
海湾(gulf gulfs)农奴(serf serfs)信(belief beliefs)酋长(chief chiefs)，悬崖(cliff cliffs)证据(proof proofs)上顶房)即房顶、屋顶 roof roofs) （2）不规则变化
变元音字母：man-men; woman-women; goose-geese; foot-feet; tooth-teeth; mouse-mice 单单数同行：fish; deer; sheep
特殊：child-children this---these(这些) that -- those(那些)
国人：Chinese Japanese；Englishman- Englishmen ;Frenchman-Frenchmen; German-Germans 变中心词：lookers-on(旁观者 )；brothers-in-law (n. 姐/妹夫) passers-by(过路人，行人) 没有中心词的在词尾加s。如：go-betweens(媒人)； grown-ups(成人) ；
以man或 woman+n.构成的复合词,两个名词都变单数.如: men drivers; women doctors 二.不可数名词一般没有单数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。量化单位通常有pair, piece, cup, bottle, glass, box, bag等等。如：
a bag of rice→two bags of rice, a piece of paper→three pieces of paper, a bottle of milk→five bottles of milk.
三.在汉语中属于可数范畴，但在英语中为不可数名词的某些词 advice:忠告 bread :面包 chocolate:巧克力 equipment:设备 damage:损坏 food:食物 information:消息 furniture:家具 knowledge:知识 homework :作业 housework:家务 water:水 paper:纸 progress:进步 rice:米 population:人口 milk:牛奶 四.有些名词虽然形式上是单数，但只看成单数 mankind 人类 people 人民 police 警察
五.多数集合名词，即可看作单数（作为一个整体），做主语时，谓语动词要用单数。也可看作单数（表示集体中的各个成员），做主语时，谓语动词用单数。 army 军队 family 家 group 小组
eg: 1.Her family was well known in the region. 她家在该地区是名门望族。 2. His family all work in the city. 他的家人都在这个城市上班。 3. The family is not large. 这个家庭不大。（指家庭这个整体）
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4. The family are all music lovers. 这家人都是音乐爱好者。（指家庭成员）
六.表示时间、距离、金钱、度量的名词可以与数词一起组成定语的复合结构，中间用连字符号连接，并且名词只能用单数形式。 a three-year study 一项为期三年的研究 a ten-dollar bill 一张十美元的钞票 七. 名词所有格
名词所有格表示所属关系, (相当于汉语“…的”),在句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法如下：
(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加's。如：
Children's Day(儿童节), my sister's book(我姐姐的书)
(2)以s或es结尾的单数名词,只在词尾加“ ' ”即可。如：Teachers' Day; his parents' room (3)在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现其它所修饰的词 如：the barber's 理发店 the doctor's （候诊室）
(4)如果两个名词并列，并且分别有 's，则表示“分别有”；只有一个 's，则表示“共有”。如： John's and Mary's room（两间）
John and Mary's room（一间）
(5)复合名词或短语，'s 加在最后一个词的词尾。如：a month or two's vacation (6双重所有格：①of +名词性物主代词 ②of+名词's 如：
a friend of mine (我的一位朋友) , a friend of my father's (我父亲的一位朋友)
(7)无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所属关系。如： a good daughter of the Party(党的好女儿); the title of the song(歌名);the cover of the book(书的封面)。
(8)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加's. 如： today's newspaper(今天的报纸), ten minutes' walk(十分钟的路程), China's population(中国的人口).
一．可数名词的复数规则变化
1. map__________ girl__________ pen__________ bag_____ car__________ 2. bus__________
brush__________ watch__________ box__________
photo__________ life__________
3. baby__________ city__________ country__________
4. hero__________ potato__________zoo_________tomato_________ 5. knife__________ leaf_______wolf________wife__________ 7. German__________ 8. deer__________ 中等题
1. There are two__________ over there. (watch) 2. I like taking __________. (photo)
3. l can see a __________and two __________ standing there. (man, woman) 4. There are two baskets of__________ on the floor. (apple) 5. Look at those__________. (child) 6. He doesn't like these__________. (glass) 7. How many __________can you see? (radio)
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Englishman__________ Chinese_________ sheep__________
yuan__________
6. child__________foot__________ tooth__________ mouse__________ man__________
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8. There are more and more __________ drivers in Shanghai now. (woman) 9. Give me some __________, please. (water) 含性别的复合名词
1. There are twenty __________ in our hospital. A. woman doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctor 2. __________ are usually careful in doing exercises. A. Girl students B. Girls students C. Girls’ students D.Girl’s students 可数名词复数不规则变化
1. ----What are these? --They are __________.
A. deers
B. radios
C. Radioes
D.tomatos D.potatos,photoes D.toothes
2. How many __________ are there in these __________?
A. tomatos, photos A. tooths
B. tomatoes, photos C. tomatoes, photoes B. teeth
C. teeths
3. Mr. Chen has two __________.
4. Here are __________ for you, Sue.
A. potatos B. some potatoes C. three tomatos D. some tomato 5. Then the __________ began to eat the green __________ of young trees.
A. deer, leafs B. deer, leaves C. deer, leaf D. deers, leafs 国人复数变化专项
1. I met some __________ in the park and talked with them the other day.
A. Japanese B. American C. Chineses
D. English
2. --- Excuse me, are you __________? --- Yes, I’m from __________.
A. Japan, Japanese B. China, Chinese C. England, English D.American, America 3. A group of __________are talking with two__________ over there.
A. Frenchmen, Germans C. Frenchmen, German
B. Frenchmen, Germen D. Frenchmanes, Germans B. Germans, places of interests D. Germen, places of interest。
4. Yesterday a few __________ came to visit some__________ in Shantou.
A. German, places of interest C. Germans, places of interest
5. Two __________ and five __________ are studying Chinese at Beijing University. A. German, English B. Germans, English C. Germans, Englishmen D. Germen, Englishmen 复合名词
1. The delicious dishes are cooked by __________. A. women cookers B. women cooks C .woman cooks 2. Julie went to the __________ to buy a pair of shoes.
A. shoes store 简单题
1. After moving to their new house, the Lees bought some ______ in the mall nearby. (08上海)
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B. shoe’s store
C. shoe store
D. shoes’ store D. woman cookers
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A. furniture
B. chair
C. table
D. shelf D. biscuit D. many, many D. apples D. grapes
2. We haven’t got much __________ for our picnic. Will you go and get some? (07上海)
A. apple A. much, many A. water A. pears
B. tomato B. many, much B. bread B. oranges
C. bread C. much, much
3. He knows __________ Chinese and has __________ Chinese friends. 4. I’m thirsty. I think I’ll buy some __________.
C. eggs C. milk
5. ---Would you like some __________? --Oh, yes, just（只） a little. 6. Look ! There are some __________on the floor.
A child B boxes C water D girl 7. There are many __________ in the fridge.
A. fish B. fruit C. eggs D. bread 8. Don’t hurry! We still have __________ time left.
A. little B. few C. a little D. a few 中等题
1. Take some __________ to school. It’s so hot and you may feel thirsty.
A. meat
B. bread
C. juice
D. orange D. horse, sheeps
D. Potato D. a number of D. few. a little
2. We see many __________ and __________ on the hill.
A. horses; sheeps B. horse; sheep C. horses; sheep 4. ---Could I have something to eat? ---Sure. Here’s some . A. chicken B. tomatoes C. orange 2. There are __________students playing in the playground. A. a great deal of B. a large amount of C. a large quantity of
A. little, a few ➢ 不可数名词
简单题
1. I’ve read __________ sports news about the F1 race today.
A. two B. pieces C. two pieces 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
B. little, few
C. a little. few
3. There is __________milk and __________apples in the fridge. Let’s get some.
D. two pieces of
My teacher game me __________. A. a good advice B. some good advices C. some good advice D. good advices Usually, young people have black __________ and old people have white __________. A. hairs, ones B. hair, one C. hair, ones D. hairs, one Peter was busy with his work yesterday. He didn’t get __________. A. much sleep B. many sleeps C. more sleep D. most sleep I think it is a wonderful __________. A. work B. information C. idea D. news Have you found some __________ on the leaves? A. drops of water B. drops of waters C. drops water D. drop of waters I want to buy __________.
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A. two bottles of ink B. two bottle of ink C. two bottle of inks D. two bottles of inks 中等题
1. How many __________ did you have for breakfast? A. loaves of bread B. loaves of breads C. loafs of bread D. loaf of bread 2. We are very happy with our __________ in our studies. A. great progresses B. great progress C. many progress D. lot of progress 3. Please pass me __________. I will correct them.
A. the test paper B. some pieces of test paper C. the test papers D. some piece of test paper 4. I’d like to have a glass of milk and __________.
A. two breads B. two pieces of breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread 5. He bought __________.
A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoes C. two pairs of shoe D. two pair of shoe 抽象名词具体化 1. 2. 3.
They had __________ climbing up to the top of the hill. A. good time B. the good time C. a good time D. good times She has given us __________. A. a great help B. many helps C. a large number of help D. a lot of help I have to write __________, but I have __________ to write __________. A. a paper, no paper, on B. paper, no paper, with C. a paper, not any papers, on D. a paper, not a paper, on
简单题
4. This is __________ room. A. Tom and Mary’s B. Tom’s and Mary’s C. Tom’s and Mary D. Tom and Mary 5. __________ mothers couldn’t go to the meeting, because they have gone to Chengdu. A. Li Lei and Lucy’s B. Li Lei’s and Lucy’s C. Li Lei and Lucy D. Li Lei and Lucy 6. __________ came to visit us this morning. A. My father friend B. friend of my father C. A friend of my father’s D. One of my father’s friend 7. It’s only ten __________ break. A. minutes B. minute’s C. minutes’ D. minutes’s 5. Tom won the boys’ __________ race in our school sports meeting. A. 15000-metre B.15000-metres C.15000-metre’s D.1500 meters 6. Look at the shoes with adjustable heels. They are my __________. A. sister B. sister’s C. sisters’s D. sisters' 7. You must finish the work in__________.
A. three weeks time B. three weeks’ time C. three week’s time D. three-weeks time 8. --- Whose room is this? --- It’s __________.
A. Li Ming B. Li Ming’s C. Li Mings D. Li Mings’ 中等题
3. Look at the shoes. They are my __________.
A. sister
B. sisters
C. sisters’s
D. sisters'
4. This is __________ room. Come in, please.
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A. John and Joan of B. John and Joan’s
C. John’s and Joan’s
D. John’s and Joan
3. We sell __________ in our shop. A. woman and child’s clothes B. women and children T shirts C. women’s and children’s jackets D. woman’s and child’s coats 4. We had a good time during our __________ holiday. A. two weeks B. two-weeks C. two-week’s D. two weeks’ 5. __________ room is on the 5th floor.
A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lily’s C. Lucy’s and Lily D. Lucy’s and Lily’s 5. I like that son of __________.
A. John’s sister B. John sister’s A. Children’s Day B. Childrens’ Day 7. This is not my cap, but my __________.
A. brothers B. brother’s C. brothers’ D. brother 4. Tom's car is more beautiful than__________.
A. his brother's and sister B. his brother and sister C. his brothers and sisters D. his brother's and sister's 5. I’ll go and call at __________ right after school.
A. the doctor B. the Smiths C. Smith
D.my uncle’s
( )1.The old woman has on her nose.
A. a glass B. a glasses C. a pair of glasses D. a pair of glass ( )2.Maths not easy to learn.
A. be B. are C. is D. were ( )3. room is very big.
A. Tom's and John's B. Tom's and John C.Tom and John's D.Tom and John ( )4.Sheep white and milk also white.
A.are; is B.is; are C. is; is D. are; are ( )5.These are new books. They are books.
A. students B. students's C. students' D. student
( )6.What does the teacher say about lesson? And what about ? A. Jim; you B. Jim's; your C. Jims'; yours D. Jim's; yours ( )7.There's here. Please sit over there.
A. not a room B. not the room C. no rooms D. no room ( )8.Are there on that farm? A. a hundred sheep B. hundreds of cows
C. a few hundreds of horse D. hundreds of sheeps.
( )9.June 1st is . A. children day B. Childrens Day C. Children's Day D. Childrens' Day ( )10.That pair of expensive.
A. glass is B. glass are C. glasses is D. glasses are ( )1.The teacher's name is John Henry Brown. His students call him . A. Mr Brown B. Mr John C. Mr Henry D. Mrs Brown. ( )2.Please pass me .
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C. John’s sister’s
D. John’s sisters
6. On __________, all the children can play games all day.
C. The Children’s Day D.children day
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A. two glass of water B. two glasses of water
C. two glasses of waters D. two glass water
( )3.They got much from those books.
A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories
( )4.There are a lot of down there but hardly any .
A. sheeps; people B. sheep; people C. Sheeps; peoples D. sheep; peoples ( )5.In time, there are a lot of trees on those mountains. A. a few year B. a few years' C. few year D. a few year's ( )6.I usually go to a to borrow some books.
A. shop B. cinema C. hospital D. library ( )7.September 10 is in China.
A. Teacher's Day B. Teachers' Day C. Teacher Day D. Teachers Day ( )8.Han Meimei and Lucy are good friends. They are in .
A. Class Three B. Three Class C. Class Third D. third Class. ( )9.Uncle Wang bought two yesterday.
A. watchs B. watches C. watch D. watching ( )10.There are some here. You may eat them.
A. orange B. apple C. bread D. bananas 1-2 CA 1-5 BBBBB 1-5 ADACC 1-2 BC 简单：1-8 ACAACBCA 中等：1-5 CCADB 简单：1-7 DCBACAA 中等:ABBCA 抽： CDA 简单：ABCCA B/DBB中等:DBCDB AABDD 三. 5.CCCAC 6—10.DDBCC 五. 1—5.ABCBB 6—10.DBABD )
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