专题04 阅读理解（第08期）-2022届旧高考名校英语好题速递分项汇编
阅读理解【河南省郑州市2021-2022学年高中毕业年级第一次质量预测】
When it comes to hiking, Greece has something for every kind of walker. Here’s our pick of Greece’s best hikes for you.
● Hike to Samaria Gorge, Crete 16 kilometers, 4 hours.
Hiking the 16-kilometer Samaria Gorge is eonsidered one of Crete’s must-do experiences, which is why you’ll rarely be without company. There is an undeniable raw beauty to Samaria Gorge, where vertical walls rise up to 500 meters and are just 3.5 meters apart at the narrowest point.
The hike begins at 1,230 meters at Xyloskalo just south of Omalos and ends in the coastal village of Agia Roumeli. It’s especially beautiful in April and May, when wild flowers brighten the route.
● Mt Ohi Summit Hike, Evia 8 kilometers, 3-4 hours.
The summit of Mt Ohi, lesser-visited Evia’s third-highest peak, is capped by mysterious ancient dragon houses - 7th century BC architecture, made from rocks weighing several tons. From Myli, it’s an 8-kilometer hike to the summit.
It’s possible to stay overnight at the 1,000-meter-high shelter and then hike up Mt Ohi to catch the sunrise, which makes for a magical experience. Contact South Evia Tours or Evia Adventure Tours for details.
● Delphi to Kirra Walk, Central Greece 14 kilometers, 3-4 hours.
This 14-kilometer downhill hike follows a centuries-old pathway from historic Delphi to the ancient port of Kirra, just east of modern Itea on the southern coast of mainland Greece.
The hike starts from the E4 long-distance starting point 100 meters east of the Hotel Acropole. Going along the edge of the village of Crissa, it goes to the gulf through Greece’s largest olive garden. After your 3-to-4-hour hike, and lunch or a swim, you can return to Delphi by bus.
● Hike to the Tomb of Kleobolus, Rhodes 5 kilometers, 2 hours.
An easy and enjoyable 5-kilometer round-trip hike escapes Lindos to reach the so-called Tomb of Kleobolus. Starting alongside Car Park 1 above the main beach, the route ends at a rocky hill topped by a circular tomb
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actually built during the 2nd century BC, long after Kleobolus ruled Rhodes. 1．What attracts walkers about Samaria Gorge? A．Natural beauty. C．Magical sunrise.
B．Old coastal villages. D．Wild flowers all year round.
2．What can walkers do during the Mt Ohi Summit Hike? A．Visit a circular tomb. C．Explore an ancient path.
B．Watch the sunrise. D．Stay in ancient houses.
3．What is special about the Delphi to Kirra Walk? A．It’s an easy and pleasant trip to a garden. B．It follows a route full of beautiful scenery. C．It’s a challenging route through a rocky hill. D．It follows an ancient path connecting old places.
I’m retiring from teaching and will enjoy family life with my wife and grandchildren. Recalling my teaching career, I have a lot to share, but one thing is for sure: Teachers learn just as much from students as students learn from teachers. Here are a few of the things I have learned in my job.
Roger was physically and mentally delayed. About once a month, we would have a dance in our classroom. Roger was awkward and ashamed when it came to asking a girl to dance with him. But once, I noticed that Roger was slow dancing with Leah, one of the most popular girls in the class.He had the biggest smile on his face. The next day, when Roger left my classroom to work with his support teacher, I praised Leah for inviting Roger to dance. That simple act of including him in a slow dance was such a great move. At our next dance, Roger asked Leah and every girl in the class to dance. No one turned him down. Leah taught me about the kindness of a simple act and its great effect.
It was Serena who showed us what bravery was about. Serena was our play’s narrator (旁白员). She was scared she would forget her lines. “If you do,” I advised, “pause, stare at the audience and take time to remember. The audience will think it’s part of the play.” Halfway through the opening night, Serena forgot her lines. She stared out at the 300 people gathered in the gym. After what seemed like forever, Serena remembered. After the
performance, she burst into tears backstage, thinking she had let everybody down. When our principal came back to congratulate our cast, she turned to Serena and said her pause worked so well. Little did she know about Serena’s little act of bravery.
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Teachers spend hours making lessons to teach skills and knowledge. We adjust lessons, keep the good and throw out the bad. A good teacher listens to and learns from students and often it has nothing to do with the curriculum.
4．How did Roger feel in the class dance at first? A．Embarrassed.
B．Surprised.
C．Confident.
D．Delighted.
5．Which of the following words can best describe Leah? A．Creative and funny. C．Humorous and patient.
6．Why did Serena cry after the performance? A．She felt she had disappointed others. B．She was praised for her good performance. C．She was blamed for saying the wrong lines. D．She was extremely happy she had finished the task. 7．What does the author want to express in this passage? A．He is proud of being a teacher. B．Students should be kind and brave. C．He is unwilling to retire from teaching. D．Teachers should also learn from students.
Praised as the “Edgar Snow of a New Era”, British journalist Andrew Moody devoted himself to accurately reporting on China for over a decade. Born in Nottinghamshire in September 1960, Moody’s interest in journalism began at age 15. What came next was a storied career that would last 4 decades. A visit to Shenzhen, Guangdong province, in 1997 turned his attention to China. During that visit, he was surprised by the great changes that had taken place in China. Moody began working for China Daily in 2008. In his 13 years at the paper, he published more than 1 million words in the newspaper group’s different publications.
“These stories aim to explain to a wider audience the strategies(策略)and aims of the Chinese government, and also look at the challenges and difficulties it faces,” Moody wrote. “I also attach importance to issues which go largely ignored in the mainstream Western media, and which often fail to provide a full or true image(形象)of China.”
To better cover China, Moody read a lot. In his Beijing apartment, there were more than 160 books about the
B．Clever and brave. D．Kind and likeable.
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nation. Su Qiang, a China Daily editor who worked with Moody for 8 years, said, “He had read all the books that top experts had written about China, and he closely followed how the world viewed China.” Moody also learned to speak Mandarin, traveled to most provinces and autonomous regions throughout China and exposed himself to the Chinese way of life.
“China is moving into a new era in which it is much more confident about its position and status in the world. I have a definite sense of history in the making,” said Moody. He hoped that he could be one of the witnesses and reporters of this historic time.
“So even when he was suffering from a serious disease, Moody still soldiered on. All he cared about was whether he could keep on working,” said Wang Liping, Moody’s attending doctor.
When he passed away in June 2021, many people were sad. “His death will be a huge loss to those who are working hard on the dialogue between China and the outside world,” said Kerry Brown, a professor of Chinese Studies at King’s College London.
8．What can be known about Andrew Moody? A．He moved to China to work in 1997. B．He reported on China for four decades. C．He considered Edgar Snow to be his role model. D．He began to show interest in journalism as a teenager. 9．What did Moody do when he was working for China Daily? A．He drew a wider audience to the newspaper. B．He reported on the typical Chinese way of life. C．He accurately introduced China to more people. D．He communicated with the mainstream Western media. 10．What did Moody’s attending doctor think of him? A．Fearless.
B．Devoted.
C．Optimistic.
D．Ambitious.
11．What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage? A．To praise an honorable foreign journalist. B．To describe Moody’s colorful life in China. C．To correct Western media’s impression of China. D．To show an accurate image of China to the outside world.
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Starch(淀粉)is the main component of flour, rice and corn among others, while carbon dioxide makes up the vast majority of greenhouse gases. One day, humans may be able to “eat” carbon dioxide, and global warming could be “eaten away” by carbon lovers. Although it sounds wild, the day is coming.
Chinese scientists have created starch using carbon dioxide, hydrogen and electricity, according to a study published in Science in September, 2021.
“Plants create starch through photosynthesis(光合作用), which is a complex and inefficient (效率低得)process,” Ma Yanhe, the director of the Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told China Daily. He added that it would take a plant about 60 steps to turn carbon dioxide, water and sunlight into starch.
“Our breakthrough shows that making starch is achievable in a lab. This method makes it possible to produce food in factories and there are many industries that can benefit from this technology,” Ma told China Daily.
The team has been working on the process for 6 years. “The first step of the method is to convert carbon dioxide and hydrogen into methanol(甲醇), which is a molecule(分子)that contains a single carbon atom,” Cai Tao, one of the first authors of the study, told China Daily.
Scientists then piece these single-carbon molecules into bigger and more complex molecules. With the help of supercomputing, Chinese scientists have simplified the natural starch-making process from about 60 steps into 11.
“The new process has made it possible to turn starch production from traditional agricultural fanning to industrial production. And it may be possible to satisfy our needs without farming in the future. This will not only help save water, fertilizer and land but also help recycle carbon dioxide to deal with climate change,” a research fellow with the Chinese Academy of Sciences told the Global Times.
The study can also benefit space exploration in the future. The starch may provide a secure food source for astronauts as they travel long distances in space by simply turning the carbon dioxide they breathe out into food. 12．What does Ma Yanhe think of the new method of creating starch? A．It’s extremely complex and inefficient. B．It’s achievable through photosynthesis. C．It’s a way of dealing with global warming. D．It’s more efficient than the natural method.
13．The underlined word “convert” in Paragraph 5 probably means ________.
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A．push B．change C．divide D．mix
14．What can be learned about the breakthrough? A．It can help improve people’s health. B．It can change the way of starch production. C．It can provide astronauts with nutritious food. D．It can save farmers from traditional agriculture. 15．What can be the best title of this passage? A．Smart with starch C．Secure about food supply
B．Hungry for starch D．Beneficial to food diversity
阅读理解【广西玉林市和贵港普通高中2021-2022学年高三上学期12月联合统考】
Life Outside London: Five Reasons to Visit the North of England!
Most people when visiting England will go to London. In fact most people don't even know much about England outside of London. It makes sense. It's the capital. There are lots to se there. However, as a northern girl, from a place just between Manchester and Liverpool, and a university student in Sheffield. I'd say the north is well worth a visit, and definitely as good if not better than London! Here are five reasons:
Friendliness
Northerners will chat to you on the bus, say hello in the streets and won't think you're crazy if you smile at them when you walk past. Friendly northerners might also call you \"duck\" or \"love\" don't worry, they call everyone that.
Gravy
Now although Southerners have gravy (a delicious meaty sauce that goes well with everything), they don't do it properly. You haven't lived until you've tried chip-shop chips swimming in gravy.
Beautiful Countryside
We have the Peak District, and the Lake District. They're both absolutely beautiful and definitely worth a visit. We also have some pretty amazing beaches too.
Excellent Party Cities
We have Manchester, Liverpool, Newcastle, Sheffield You can't go wrong if you want to go on a night out here.
Low Cost
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The same night won't cost you anywhere near as much up north! In London you can pay over for a pint, which is outrageous! For some reason, everything up North is cheaper, from food to drink to getting around, you can't go wrong when you're spending less money.
There are lots of lovely things to see in the North, so if you can brave the weather being a bit colder and wetter, it's definitely worth a trip.
1．Who might call you \"duck\" when you are visiting the north of England? A．A warm passer-by. C．A friendly southerner.
B．A rude salesman. D．A cold teenager.
2．What can you do in the north of England according to the passage? A．Get free beer. C．Try chips in gravy.
3．Where can the passage be found? A．In a recipe book. C．In a business report.
B．In a science fiction. D．In a travel magazine. B．Enjoy an all-night party. D．Enjoy warm and dry weather.
Singapore's tradition of eating out in places called hawker centers has been recognized by the United Nations for its cultural importance.
A hawker is a person who sells food or goods and advertises by shouting at people walking by on the street. Hawkers are an important part of Singaporean culture. Open-air eating areas where hawkers sell their goods are very popular in Singapore. \"These centers serve as 'community dining rooms' where people from diverse backgrounds gather and share the experience of dining over breakfast, lunch and dinner.\" UNESCO said. Famous chefs like Anthony Bourdain and Gordon Ramsay have praised them. And they appear in popular films like Crazy Rich Asians. The 2018 film showed its stars enjoying meals at a famous night market. Some sellers even received Michelin stars from a famous restaurant rating system for their meals costing only a few dollars.
The United Nations' cultural agency, UNESCO, added the city's hawker culture to its Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity due to its unique culture. Singapore was eager to have hawker culture added to the list. Now that it has been recognized, Singapore must provide a report every six years to UNESCO. The report must show efforts the city-state has made to save and support its hawker culture.
In the 1970s, Singapore cleaned up its streets so the city moved street hawkers to new eating centers. These areas were part of an effort to improve the island. Now, the centers offer many different low-cost meals for local
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people and provide a pleasing social setting.
But Singapore's hawker culture does face some problems. The average age of a hawker in Singapore is 60 years old. Younger Singaporeans now want to work in offices. They are less interested in working in small restaurants. The COVID-19 health crisis also hurts sales, preventing foreign visitors from eating out. During the first few months of this year, restrictions on movement and social distancing also stopped locals. 4．What can we know about hawker culture? A．The hawkers live a poor life in Singapore. B．It is a traditional way of eating out in Singapore. C．Hawkers can only sell food or gooks on the street. D．It became famous because of the film Crazy Rich Asians. 5．Why did some sellers receive Michelin stars? A．Their meals were tasty and cheap. B．Their restaurant was very famous. C．Their meals were enjoyed by film stars. D．Their food appeared at a famous as night market.
6．What is the main reason for UNESCO to add hawker culture to the list? A．Hawker culture is important and unique. B．Singapore's hawker culture is facing difficulties.
C．The city-state wants to save and support its hawker culture. D．Singapore was eager to have hawker culture added to the list. 7．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The history of hawker culture. B．The future of hawker culture. C．The crisis of hawker culture. D．The development of hawker culture.
I’m not a tea person. I do keep a box of assorted (什锦) teas on hand for company and for being sociable. One day, feeling troubled, I pulled out the tea box.
Camomile (洋甘菊) is one of the teas that always get left over after people have picked out their favorites. I gave the neglected camomile a sniff. It didn't really smell like anything. According to the box, it promotes
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relaxation. So does a cup of hot water, which is most similar to camomile tea. Over a cup of camomile tea, something happened.
I was transported to someplace very specific: my uncle Cliff’s farm. Uncle Cliff was one of the best land farmers in North Dakota. Scents (气味) help evoke memories. I found the cats hanging around the farm always showed up at milking time, waiting for Uncle Cliff to lose a drop of milk. But he never lost a drop.
At Grandma’s house, you could never be in trouble. You could do anything that interested you. Even if you rolled in the mud, everyone still thought you were good enough. Everyone laughed as often as they could. Even if they were laughing at you, it was OK. Grandma has soft wrinkly skin, and she loves you so much. She's right here, in the steam.
There will always be troubles in life, and I won't solve them all. But if I can bury my face in Grandma’s flowered apron, if I can be a 6-year-old girl again, just by drinking a cup of camomile tea, that’s what I'm going to do.
8．Why does the author keep a box of assorted teas on hand? A．To get relaxed.
B．To keep awake.
C．To treat visitors.
D．To enjoy the teas.
9．What can we learn about the author after she drank the camomile tea? A．She dreamed a nice dream. C．She called on her grandma.
B．She recalled her childhood. D．She paid a visit to her uncle.
10．What does the underlined word \"evoke\" probably mean? A．Refresh.
B．Release.
C．Transport.
D．Expand.
11．What message does the author convey in the text? A．She introduces camomile tea to friends. B．She loves the cats on uncle Cliff's farm. C．She finds a way to solve troubles in life. D．She misses her happy childhood badly.
Many people think that the world is about to step into the fourth industrial revolution. This time, machines can do a lot of work in the charge of human beings, even better than human beings. In the future, the world can be more efficient and enjoy cheaper services, but unemployment will become more common.
It raises a troubling question for all of us—when will a machine be able to do my job? Katja Grace, a research associate at the University of Oxford's Future of Humanity Institute, and her colleagues from the AI Impacts project
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and the Machine Intelligence Research Institute, have surveyed 352 scientists and compiled (汇集) their answers into predictions about how long it may take for machines to outperform humans on various tasks.
The good news is that many of us will probably be safe in our jobs for some time to come. The researchers predict there is a 50% chance that machines will be capable of taking over all human jobs in 120 years.
\"One of the biggest surprises was the overall lateness of the predictions,\" says Grace. \"I expected the amazing progress in machine learning in recent years, plus the fact that we were only talking to machine learning researchers, to make the estimates earlier.\"
\"I am a bit sceptical of some of the timelines given for tasks that involve physical manipulation (操纵),\" says Jeremy Wyatt, professor of robotics and artificial intelligence at the University of Birmingham. \"It is one thing doing it in the lab, and quite another having a robot that can do a job reliably in the real world better than a human.\"
Manipulating physical objects in the real world—figuring out what to manipulate, and how, in a random, changing environment—is an incredibly complex job for a machine. Tasks that don't involve physical manipulation are easier to teach.
Perhaps the hardest jobs for machines to perform are those that take years of training for humans to excel at. These often involve intuitive (直觉的) decision making, complex physical environments or abstract thinking—all things computers struggle with.
12．Why do the researchers conduct the survey on the future role of machines? A．To make it clear how machines can replace humans. B．To find why machines can take the place of humans. C．To explain humans will be substituted by machines. D．To learn when machines may be superior to humans.
13．What did Grace think of the time for machine to replace human on tasks? A．She thought the time would be uncertain before the survey. B．She thought the time would be later than the predictions. C．She thought the time would be earlier than the predictions. D．She thought machines would take over all the jobs in 120 years. 14．What can we infer from the opinion of Jeremy Wyatt?
A．A robot can do a job reliably in the real world better than a human. B．Tasks that don't involve physical manipulation are quite complicated.
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C．It is difficult for robots to finish the jobs related to physical manipulation. D．He is sure of the timeline given to tasks that involve physical manipulation. 15．What is the best title for the text? A．How will a machine work in the future? B．Why will a machine be the most powerful? C．What functions will a machine have in the future? D．How long will your job be replaced by a machine? 阅读理解【河南省2021-2022学年高三上学期第五次联考】
New England Fall Leaf Rail Travels
Fall colors and fantastic destinations throughout the East Coast and beyond come to life on fall leaf train tours. New England Fall Leaf Rail Travels through a backdrop of gold rust and dark red are the best way to experience nature's greatest event as scenic trains take travelers to some of the United States' leading destinations for leaves. Admire the changing colors as you travel aboard heritage and Amtrak train lines and enjoy an up-close look at the scenery with coach tours and beautiful passenger liners. Select from a variety of fall leaf trips that highlight colorful destinations through sightseeing tours and attractive trips. Dip yourself in the fat-beauty of the Midwest in places like Northern Michigan, where guests enjoy the sights of Mackinac Island and Sleeping Bear Dunes, and Door County, famous for its spectacular Lake Michigan scenery and the endless wide countryside.
Travelers can go to the striking Smoky Mountains, stopping in beloved cities in both Tennessee and North Carolina. There are also packages that highlight New England in the fall, and these journeys include well-known regional destinations. The rail travels include guided tours in cities like Boston or scenic bus touts along byways. Some of the nation's most Picturesque heritage railways are also found in New England, for example, the Conway Scenic Railway in New Hampshire, which travels through the colorful peaks of the White Mountains
Charge:
Single price: $1,400 per person for 6 days
Group（more than one person）price: $1,200 per person for 6 days
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Accommodation and airline tickets are included.
1．Which of the following are the highlights of the rail travels? A．The oldest villages. B．The latest trains.
C．Colourful leaves.
D．Traditional cultures.
2．What do New England Fall Leaf Rail Travels offer? A．Tour guides in Boston. C．A walk in the White Mountains
B．Free pictures of New England
D．A hands-on climb to the top of the mountain.
3．How much should you pay in total if you and your friend take the 6-day tour? A．$1,200.
B．$1,400.
C．$2,400
D．$2,800.
A very dear friend has been experiencing numerous challenges these past few months. She mentioned how it sometimes felt like she was hanging on by a thread with no quick fix in sight.
It reminded me that the monarch caterpillar（毛虫）that I cared for just changed into a butterfly that morning. After eating on milkweed leaves from our garden,the hungry caterpillar bund a comfortable spot at the top of the ner butterfly enclosure and spun a silken thread to attach itself there. The caterpillar hung upside-down in a J shape for a day or so. Then, in less than a-few hours of struggling, the caterpillar was a beautiful green butterfly!
All the research I've done indicates that the change into a butterfly should take between 10-12 days. I can only imagine what is going on there, but I'm sure it's a huge struggle and reforming. Haven't we all been doing the same to some degree lately? These especially challenging times are presenting us with the unavoidable experiences needed for our inner selves to use as food for growth. Not easy? You bet! Worth it? Yes!
Many thanks to our local library tor the loan of the butterfly enclosure. They raised and released painted butterflies as part of their children's summer reading program this year. I had no idea that planting a few milkweed plants would lead to such a fascinating study of caterpillars and butterflies. The caterpillar has kept me mindfully occupied and fascinated during our recent COVID-19 self-isolation.
Hanging on by a thread as we transform, keep in mind the beautiful wings we are growing. We are all somewhere in the midst of that unbelievable process. Trust the process. Have faith. Know that you are becoming the most beautiful person that you can be.
4．What did the author's friend and the caterpillar have in common? A．They lived comfortably.
C．They experienced a hard situation.
B．They suffered from hunger. D．They were well cared by the author.
5．What does the author say about the struggle concerning us in paragraph 3?
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A．It is necessary. B．It is dangerous. C．It is avoidable. D．It is meaningless.
6．What does the author mainly want to encourage us to do in the last paragraph? A．Help friends in need timely.
C．Join in children's experimental projects 7．What is the best title for the text? A．Life Is Hanging on by a Thread C．Avoid Challenging Experiences
B．Reinvent Yourself as a Butterfly D．We Are Fascinated by Butterflies B．Learn from other creatures sincerely. D．Face the hardships of life optimistically.
A new study has found that elephant seals have to work very hard to stay corpulent. Scientists paid special attention to females of the species during difficult two-month trips, or migrations, in the northeastern Pacific Ocean.
The seals were found to spend up to 20 hours every day and sometimes full 24 hours a continuous deep-diving to feed on fish. They fed 1,000 to 2,000 times daily to gain the body weight necessary for reproduction and warmth in the cold waters. Researchers studied 48 female elephant seals from Ano Nuevo State Park in California as they traveled large ocean distances. Their entire trip was around 6. 000 kilometers.
Scientists based their findings on data collected in 2011 and 2018. They used three small movable devices. The first device, attached under the jaw, counted the number of times the seals fed and measured their depth. The second satellite-linked device on the head, followed the seals' ocean movements and sensed their food. The third device was a \"smart\" video camera with an infra-red LED light and another depth sensor. It was also placed on their heads.
Elephant seals get their name from the large noses. These noses look like an elephant's trunk. There are two species—the northern elephant seal and the slightly larger southern elephant seal. The two are the world's biggest seals and the largest ocean mammals other than whales.
The northern male elephant seals can grow up to 4 meters long and weigh up to 2,000 kilograms. The northern females are smaller, getting up to about 3 meters in length and 590 kilograms. The males feed only in coastal waters.
Some large ocean mammals depend on deep dives to get enough food to support their large bodies. Sperm whales（抹香鲸）, for example, hunt for large prey like giant squid, Female elephant seals, which are large, but not as big as sperm whales, have a different solution. They eat huge amounts of small fish. But it is hard for them to catch enough small fish to meet the energy needs of their large bodies.
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8．What does the underlined word \"corpulent\" in paragraph 1 mean? A．Fat.
B．Distant.
C．Deep
D．Cautious.
9．What is the common feature of the three devices in paragraph 3? A．'They sensed the seals' food. C．They followed the seals' movements.
B．They were linked to the satellite. D．They were attached to the seals' body
10．Where does elephant seals' name come from? A．Their behavior.
B．Their appearance. C．Their weight.
D．Their length.
11．What does the author mainly try to do in the last paragraph? A．Introduce the similarities of mammals.
B．Show the size of male and female elephant seals. C．Advocate the conservation of sperm whales' ocean food. D．Compare sperm whales' hunts and female elephant seals' hunts.
Parents, teachers and caregivers have long believed in the magic of storytelling to calm and comfort kids. Researchers working in pediatric (儿科) have now quantified the physiological and emotional benefits of a well-told tale.
“We know that narrative has the power to transport us to another world,” says Brockington, who studies emotions and learning at Brazil’s Federal University. He adds, “Earlier research suggested that stories help children process and regulate their emotions—but this was mostly conducted in a lab, with subjects answering questions while lying inside functional MRI machines. There’s little research on physiological and psychological effects of storytelling in a more commonplace hospital setting.
So the investigators working in several Brazilian hospitals split a total of 81 patients aged 4 to 11 into two groups, matching them with storytellers who had a decade of hospital experience. In one group, the storyteller led each child in playing a riddle game. In the other, youngsters chose books and listened as the storyteller read them aloud. Before and after these sessions, the researchers took saliva (唾液) samples from each child, then asked them to report their pain levels and conducted a free-association word quiz and analyzed samples.
Children in both groups benefited measurably from the interactions. Those who heard stories also reported pain levels dropping almost twice as much as those in the riddle group, and they used more positive and light words to describe their hospital stay. The study demonstrates that playing games or simply interacting with someone can relax kids and improve their outlook—but that hearing stories has an especially dramatic effect. “The researchers
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really tried to control the social interaction component of the storyteller, which I think was key,” says Mar, a psychologist at York University.
12．What does Brockington say about stories?
A．The effects of them are easy to show in labs. B．They have a positive effect on kids’ emotions.
C．They cause children to become more emotional. D．The studies of them are often conducted in hospitals. 13．How did the investigators carry out the research? A．By visiting and talking. C．By grouping and comparing.
B．By making assumptions.
D．By analyzing samples from earlier research.
14．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us about the research? A．Its finding.
B．Its purpose.
C．Its approach
D．Its reason.
15．What is the main idea of the text? A．Narrative skills play a role in storytelling. B．Listening to a story does benefit kids’ health. C．Storytelling is popular with kids and their parents. D．Stories help kids communicate better with their parents.
阅读理解【黑龙江省双鸭山市第一中学2021-2022学年高三上学期期末】
December has already arrived, and here is a list of films recommended by Nicholas Barber, from BBC News. Don’t Look Up
People are often slow to react to a disaster, whether it’s a climate emergency or a global pandemic—and it was this tendency that prompted Adam McKay (The Big Short, Vice) to make his new film, Don’t Look Up. Jennifer Lawrence and Leonardo DiCaprio play two astronomers who have calculated that a “planet killer” comet is going to crash into the Earth, killing everyone. But the US president (Meryl Streep) is just one of the many people who refuse to face the facts. “It’s the idea of a disaster movie in which people don’t necessarily believe that the disaster is coming. I call it a dark comedy,” McKay told The New York Times. West Side Story
The original 1961 film of West Side Story, directed by Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins, is honoured as one of the finest Hollywood musicals ever made. A New York-set movie version of Romeo and Juliet, it was the biggest box-office hit of the year, and went on to win 10 Oscars, including best picture. Why, then, should anyone watch a
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new take on the same material? Well, one answer is that this West Side Story is directed by Steven Spielberg. Another answer is that Stephen Sondheim has given it his approval. “It’s really terrific,” he said. “And for those of you who know the show, there are going to be some real surprises in it...” Flee
In this heart-breaking Danish documentary, Jonas Poher Rasmussen interviews his friend Amin about his miserable experiences as an Afghan refugee. Amin remembers his years as a child in Kabul(the capital of Afghan), his family’s flight from the Taliban, his deeply painful life in Moscow... It’s hard to imagine a more important film, but Flee doesn’t just do the vital job of humanising(使人性化) refugees, it also breaks new ground as a documentary.
Other recommended films include: The Matrix Resurrections, Being The Ricardos, Red Rocket, The Lost Daughter, The Tragedy of Macbeth, Nightmare Alley, Spider-Man: No Way Home. Just choose one or several to enjoy with your friends!
1．What does the underlined part “this tendency” refer to? A．A global pandemic.
C．People’s slow reaction to disasters.
B．A climate emergency. D．Adam McKay’s new film.
2．Which of the following films is Steven Spielberg in charge of? A．Don’t Look Up. C．West Side Story.
3．What’s the film Flee based on? A．A true story. C．A natural disaster.
B．A dark comedy. D．A Hollywood musical. B．Romeo and Juliet. D．Flee.
On Thursday, a Chinese astronaut returned a science class from a space station under construction in the country. The lecture mainly explained how weightlessness affects buoyancy(浮力) and the movement of objects and optics(光学). Primary students from five cities, including Beijing and Hong Kong, interacted with the astronaut. The event was also open to the public through the live stream.
Wang Yaping, the only woman on the station, served as the main instructor, with the support of Ye Guangfu, and the commander-in-chief, Zhai Zhigang, who operated the camera. Wang taught similar lessons while riding one of China’s early experimental stations in 2013.
The three arrived at the station in October with a six-month stay, preparing the main Tianhe module(舱) for the
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arrival of two additional modules named Mengtian and Wentian, primarily before completion by the end of next year. Wang became the first Chinese female to do EVA last month. She and Zhai spent six hours outside the module installing the equipment and testing it with the robot service arm at the station.
Their mission, Shenzhou 13, has been China’s longest and China's become the third country after Russia and the United States since it first introduced humans into space in 2003. The three are the second crew members of the permanent station, which weighs about 66 tons when completed, much smaller than the International Space Station, which launched the first module in 1998, and weighs about 450 tons. The crew is evaluating the living conditions of Tianhe while installing equipment in preparation for the expansion of the station. 4．What subject did the lecture from the space station focus on? A．Medicine.
B．Chemistry.
C．Language.
D．Physics.
5．Who had experience in teaching lesson in space station? A．Ye Guangfu.
B．Wang Yaping.
C．Zhai Zhigang.
D．Mengtian.
6．The underlined word “EVA” in the third paragraph may refer to _______. A．the robot service arm at the station C．the movement of objects and optics
B．two additional modules sent to space D．activities outside Tianhe module
7．Which of the following is a task of the crew in the space station? A．Fixing the International Space Station. C．Getting ready for expanding the station.
B．Taking apart some equipment. D．Measuring the weight of module.
The European commission has unveiled a \"digital green certificate\" that could allow EU citizens who have been vaccinated, tested negative or recovered from Covid-19 to travel more freely this summer.
The plan would also allow southern states such as Spain, Greece and Portugal, whose economies are most reliant on tourism, to make bilateral arrangements with non-EU members – including Britain – providing the deals are approved by the commission.\"We aim to help member states reinstate the freedom of movement in a safe, responsible and trusted manner,” the European commission president, Ursula von der Leyen, said as the scheme was unveiled on Wednesday,which was actively promoted by southern European holiday destinations whose economies have been devastated by the pandemic.
The digital document, containing a QR code and carried on a mobile phone, has deliberately not been called a \"vaccine passport\" because some member states felt that would discriminate against those who had not yet been offered a shot.
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The certificate is \"not a passport ... but a document that will describe the medical situation of the individuals who hold it\quarantine(检疫,隔离) would be available to all citizens who can provide evidence that they have either been vaccinated against Covid-19, have recently tested negative, or have acquired antibodies after recovering from the virus.
The EU aims to vaccinate three-quarters of its adult population by the end of summer and officials remain hopeful that if national delivery speeds up, many restrictions could be lifted in time for the holidays. 8．What does the underlined word “reinstate” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Recover. C．Adopt.
B．Contain. D．Desire.
9．Why did southern European holiday destinations strongly support the plan? A．Because their economies hardly depend on tourism. B．Because travellers will not need to quarantine in any country. C．Because they hope to promote economic recovery.
D．Because the European commission has unveiled the scheme.
10．Who can get a “digital green certificate”according to the commission? A．Any EU citizen. C．A British.
B．A citizen vaccinated. D．A citizen obtaining antibodies.
11．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．The EU’s new scheme B．A new way to resist pandemic
C．Digital green certificates for travelling more freely D．Digital green certificates for vaccinated citizens
Over the past 50 years, scientists have been attempting to understand one of the most pressing iss ues in biology — understanding how proteins fold. Recently, DeepMind, a leader in Al, demonstrated their project AlphaFold which won first place in a contest that encourages teams to accurately predict protein structures.
Proteins are one of the main building blocks of life — they help us maintain our health and fuel our bodies with energy. Each protein is made up of one-dimensional-strings of amino acids (氨基酸), and the folding process occurs when the chains fold into a three-dimensional shape to create an active protein. Protein folding is important
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as the structure of the protein determines its function. However, issues may arise during the folding process as proteins can become unfolded or misfolded, resulting in diseases and life-threatening conditions, such as Parkinsons disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and more.
Being able to predict a proteins shape is incredibly important. It will allow scientists to develop the right medicines and drug molecules (分子) that can join to the protein and possibly fix, or alleviate the consequences. Fixing damaged proteins is the key to solving a wide variety of diseases
DeepMind takes inspiration from the human brain and its pattern-matching abilities, known as neural networks. To train the algorithm (算法), scientists feed it several amino acid chains and the final protein structure. The machine gradually learns by observing the patterns, until it is ready to start making predictions.
Andrei Lupas, an evolutionary biologist in Germany, had been trying to understand a protein structure for a decade. Alpha Fold solved the problem in just thirty minutes!
There are some who question AlphaFold’s abilities, claiming that the algorithm may not work as well in real-life settings where amino acid strings are more complex. But despite this DeepMind’s achievement is definitely a milestone in biology. Not only is DeepMind in the process of applying this to the current COVID-19 pandemic and what proteins are affected but future pandemics and viruses could also be fought with ease! 12．What can we infer from the second paragraph？ A．Unfolded proteins are incredibly active. B．Some diseases result from damaged proteins. C．All proteins have the similar shapes.
D．The function of proteins decides their structures.
13．What does the underlined word “alleviate” in paragraph 3 mean？ A．Suffer
B．Cause
C．Bear
D．Ease
14．Why does the author mention Andrei Lupas？ A．To stress the drawback of AlphaFold. B．To analyze the barriers for AlphaFold C．To explain the learning process of AlphaFold. D．To prove the efficiency of AlphaFold. 15．What might be the best title for the text？ A．AI solves the biggest problem in biology
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B．AI helps fix damaged proteins C．AI makes proteins change their shapes D．AI finds the cause of the illnesses
阅读理解【吉林省吉林实验中学2021-2022学年高三上学期第一次诊断测试】
There is a very long list of rules for the New York City subway. Don’t put your feet on a seat, don’t carry open cups of coffee or soda, don’t take more than one seat... Those are just a few of the rules. There are hundreds more.
With so many rules, why is it still unpleasant to ride the subway?
Some people think that the problem is that no one enforces the rules. Other passengers sometimes try to enforce rules. But you can’t rely on them because New Yorkers have unwritten rules against talking to strangers and making eye contact with strangers. How can you tell someone to take her shopping bags off the seat and throw away her Coke without talking to her or looking at her? It is difficult.
There are other New Yorkers who think that the subway is unpleasant because there are not enough rules. One rider wrote a letter to The New York Times a couple of weeks ago suggesting a few more subway rules. Here are some of the rules that she would like to see:
—Don’t lean on the poles. You prevent other people from holding on. They can fall down. —Talk quietly. The trains are already too noisy.
—Give your seat to elderly passengers or to parents with small children.
If those unwritten rules of etiquette are written down, will the rude people be more likely to follow them? It doesn’t make sense to make more rules that no one will enforce.
The real problem is that we are forgetting how to be nice to each other. It is embarrassing that we need a rule to tell us to give our seat to elderly passengers. Nobody should need to be reminded to do that.
I say we stop talking about the rules and try to remember our manners. Let’s be nice to each other not because a police officer might tell us to get off the train, but because it is the right thing to do. Then New York City would be more civilized —both above ground and below.
1．Don’t make eye contact and don’t talk to strangers are examples of . A．New York subway rules
C．behavioral habits in New York City
B．personal preferences on the subway D．unpleasant experiences on the subway
2．The underlined word “etiquette” is closest in meaning to .
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A．manners B．phenomena C．festivals D．moods
3．In the writer’s opinion, what measures should be taken? A．The authority should set stricter rules. B．The government should employ more police. C．The citizens should ride the subway less. D．Everyone should take better care of their behavior.
Researchers continue to show the power behind our sense of smell. Recent studies have found, among other things, that the smell of foods like pizza can cause uncontrollable anger in drivers on roads.
The study explains that smell is unique in its effects on the brain. According to Conrad King, the researcher who carried out the study, “more than any other senses, the sense of smell goes through the logical part of the brain and acts on the systems concerned with feelings. This is why the smell of baking bread can destroy the best intentions of a dieter.”
Smell, which determines the unbelievable complexity of food tastes, has always been the least understood of our senses. Our noses are able to detect up to 10,000 distinct smells. Our ability to smell and taste this extremely large range of smells is controlled by something like 1,000 genes (基因), which make up an amazing 3% of the human genome.
According to Conrad King’s study, smelling fresh pizza or even the packaging of fast foods can be enough to make drivers feel impatient with other road users. They are then more likely to speed and experience uncontrollable anger on roads. The most reasonable explanation is that these can all make drivers feel hungry, and therefore desperate to satisfy their appetites. In contrast, the smells of peppermint （薄荷）and cinnamon were （桂皮香料）shown to improve concentration levels as well as reduce drivers’ impatience. Similarly, the smells of lemon and coffee appeared to promote clear thinking and mental focus.
However, the way genes control smell differs from person to person. A study by researchers in Israel has identified at least 50 olfactory(嗅觉) genes which are switched on in some people and not in others. They believe this may explain why some of us love some smells and tastes while others hate them. The Israel researchers say their study shows that nearly every human being shows a different pattern of active and inactive smell-detecting receptors.
4．What does the author think of human sense of smell? A．It is complex.
B．It is uncontrollable.
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C．It is changeable. D．It is powerful.
5．Why did Conrad King conduct the research about smell? A．To find out how smell influences people. B．To teach people how to choose proper food. C．To study why some food like pizza harm people. D．To explain why different people love different foods. 6．What can we conclude from the last paragraph? A．Only a few genes decide our sense of smell. B．Different genes have different effect on people. C．Different people are sensitive to different smells. D．Every person owns at least 50 different olfactory genes. 7．What is the passage mainly about? A．Logic and behavior. C．Sense ability and food tastes.
B．Smell and its influence.
D．Olfactory genes and our olfactory system.
The famous scientist Stephen Hawking spoke at a science festival in Norway in 2017, “We are running out of space and the only places to go to are other worlds... Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. I’m convinced that humans need to leave Earth.”
Hawking was not alone in this view. Many experts feel that the only way for humanity to last far into the future is to colonize (移民于) other planets. That way, if a terrible disease, nuclear war or some other disaster strikes Earth, civilization as we know it would still have a chance. Mars is one of the most attractive destinations. NASA, the United Arab Emirates, the private company SpaceX, and the organization Mars One all have plans to send humans there. “Either we spread Earth to other planets, or we risk going extinct,” SpaceX founder Elon Musk said at a conference in 2013.
But not everyone agrees that colonizing Mars or any other planet is such a great plan. The most common argument against going is that it’s just too expensive or dangerous. It will take huge amounts of money and other resources just to get people there, let alone set up a place for them to live. It’s not even clear if humans could survive on Mars. One of the biggest dangers there is deadly radiation that ruins the planet.
Maybe all the time and money people would pour into a Mars mission would be better spent on more urgent projects here on Earth, like dealing with poverty or climate change. Some experts argue that handling a problem
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like an asteroid (小行星) strike or disease outbreak while staying here on Earth would be much easier and less expensive than surviving on a new planet.
In addition, moving to a new planet could harm or destroy anything that already lives there. Mars seems uninhabited, but it could possibly host micro-organism like. Human visitors may destroy this life or permanently change or damage the Martian environment. Some feel that’s too much of a risk to take. 8．Why did the author mention NASA, the United Arab Emirates, SpaceX and Mars One? A．To stress the risk of dying out on Earth. B．To provide evidence for Hawking’s theory. C．To show growing intention of moving to Mars. D．To explain the advanced technology in astronomy. 9．What can we learn from the passage? A．Civilization is difficult to maintain on Earth. B．It is costly and risky to colonize Mars. C．Poverty is the most urgent problem to handle. D．All the time and money should be spent on Earth.
10．What does the underlined word “uninhabited” mean in the last paragraph? A．Not fit to live on. C．Not easy to approach.
B．Not steady to keep. D．Not safe to set foot on.
11．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Mars, Our Future Planet B．Moving to A New Planet C．Should We Colonize Mars? D．Stay Home or Outer Space?
As a popular subject of study among evolutionary ecologists, three-spined stickleback is known for their different shapes, sizes, and behaviors—they can even live in both seawater and freshwater, and under a wide range of temperatures. But what makes that? The researchers tracked six populations of the fish before and after seasonal changes to their environment, using genome sequencing. Seasonal changes result in great changes in habitat structure and balance of salt and freshwater, and only those fish able to tolerate these rapid changes survive into the next season.
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“These changes probably resemble the habitat shifts experienced by stickleback populations during the past 10,000 years.” says Professor Barrett “We hope to gain insight into the genetic changes that may have resulted from natural selection long in the past.”
Remarkably, the researchers discovered the evidence of genetic changes driven by the seasonal shifts in habitats, which mirrored the differences found between long-established freshwater and saltwater populations. “These genetic changes occurred in independent populations over a single season, highlighting just how quickly the effects of natural selection can be detected,” says Professor Barrett, “The findings suggest that we may be able to use the genetic differences to predict how populations may adapt to environment.”
The research emphasizes the importance of studying species in dynamic environments to gain a better understanding of how natural selection operates. In further research, they plan to investigate how repeatable the observed genetic changes are, by testing whether they show up year after year. Doing so would demonstrate their ability to reliably forecast the evolutionary future of these populations. 12．What does the underlined word “that” refer to in Paragraph l? A．Stickleback is under a wide range of temperatures. B．Stickleback is popular with evolutionary ecologists. C．Stickleback can adapt to different living conditions. D．Stickleback has different shapes, sizes, and behaviors. 13．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The difficulties of the research. C．The background of the research.
B．The purpose of the research. D．The methods of the research.
14．What is the main reason for stickleback's survival? A．Habitat shifts. C．Seasonal changes.
B．Genetic change. D．Independent populations.
15．Why will scientists study the repetition of the gennetic changes? A．To know what natural selection is. B．To study specices in dynamic environments. C．To test the reliablity of the present discoveries. D．To forecast the evolutionary future of certain species.
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阅读理解【江西省九师联盟2021-2022学年高三上学期12月质量检测】
The Best Things to Experience in River City
String Thing
Caroline Shaw, who won the 2013 Pulitzer Prize for music, has composed many famous contemporary songs. Her lively compositions will be performed in a concert by Richmond's dynamic Rosette String Quartet as part of its So Hot Right Now series. The concert takes place on Monday,（October 25, from 7: 00 pm to 10: 00 pm, at the Hofheimer Building's Dark Room. The Rosettes are Ellen Cockerham Riccio (violin), Treesa Gold (violin), Kimberly Ryan (viola) and Steph Barrett (cello).
Cooking and Comedy
After visiting the River City in 2014, Alton Brown, who is the Bill Nye of the culinary (烹饪的) world and longtime host of shows including Iron Chef America and Good Eats, will return on Thursday, October 28, during his fall tour, Beyond the Eats. The show at Dominion Energy Center's Carpenter Theatre promises a mixture of cooking, comedy and audience interaction.
Opera Man
The Metropolitan Opera's production of Fire Shut up in My Bones marked a historic first as the only opera performed by African American composer Terence Blanchard on that stage earlier this year. The star of that show, Will Liverman, comes to the University of Richmond's Modlin Center at 7: 30 pm on October 28. His performance will include songs by composers Shawn E. Okpebholo, H. Leslie Adams and Damien Sneed, as well as works by Schubert, Loewe, Rachmaninoff, Britten and Bolcolm. Tickets are $10 to $25.
Night of the Picture Show
George Romero's 1968 classic, Night of the Living Dead, will be played at the Byrd Theatre at 6: 00 pm on October 31. Make it a double feature and catch the Yes and Theatrical Co. performance and screening of The Rocky Horror Picture Show at 10: 00 pm. This event features the theater company's cast accompanied by the Trunk Show Band performing the film's soundtrack live. 21．What is Caroline Shaw? A．A comedian.
B．A host.
C．A chef.
D．A composer.
22．What can you do at Dominion Energy Center's Carpenter Theatre? A．Enjoy classic comedies from Bill Nye.
B．Interact with a host good at cooking food.
C．Listen to the live soundtrack of Good Eats. D．Watch the show named Iron Chef America.
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23．Where can you enjoy different composers' songs? A．At the Byrd Theatre.
B．At the Hofheimer Building's Dark Room.
C．At the University of Richmond's Modlin Center. D．At Dominion Energy Center's Carpenter Theatre.
In a video, an anxious elephant is pacing back and forth. However, the animal instantly calms down upon hearing a song of American singer and actress Cher. The video was the evidence of the pop singer and animal activists' four-year-long efforts to save Kaavan, the world's loneliest elephant.
Kaavan was just a year old when Sri Lankan officials gifted him to Pakistan in 1985. The now 36-year-old Asian elephant spent a large part of the next three decades chained in a small space at the Marghazar Zoo in Islamabad, Pakistan. He was only brought out regularly to entertain zoo visitors. To make matters worse, his partner Saheli, a female elephant who arrived at the zoo in 1990, died in 2012, leaving the social animal with no companion. Lonely Kaavan's mental and physical health rapidly became worse.
The poor animal's sufferings first caused activists to start a social media campaign that urged Pakistani officials to move him to an elephant sanctuary（保护区）. However, their request fell on deaf ears. In 2016, Cher was looking through her Twitter when she noticed messages by fans urging her to help Kaavan. Cher reached out to fellow animal activists Mark Cowne and his wife, Gina Cowne, to help her launch a social media campaign to help Kaavan. They first pushed for Kaavan to rid chains and then persuaded the zoo to add a tin roof over his shelter, water in the pool, and a tire for him to play with.
While the reforms were encouraging, the team soon realized that more needed to be done and set up Free the Wild, a nonprofit organization devoted to rescuing Kaavan and other wild animals in similar situations. It took four years, but in 2020, an Islamabad high court ordered the Marghazar Zoo to shut down and relocate all its animals to new homes.
For Kaavan, that meant taking a seven-hour flight to the beautiful Cambodia Wildlife Sanctuary. The elephant is adjusting extremely well to his new home and has even picked his favorite female elephant from the three he has been interacting with since arrival.
24．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．The root cause of Kaavan's anxiety. C．The terrible situations Kaavan faced.
B．The inspiration of Cher's songwriting. D．The significance of saving elephants.
25．What was the result of activists' initial effort to save Kaavan? A．It unluckily ended up in vain.
B．It led to a new elephant sanctuary.
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C．It was taken seriously by Pakistani officials. D．It won Cher's praise on Twitter. 26．How did Cher and the Cownes help Kaavan before 2020?
A．They set him free from the Marghazar Zoo. B．They managed to find a female partner for him. C．They took him to Cambodia Wildlife Sanctuary. D．They made efforts to improve his living conditions. 27．How is Kaavan's life in Cambodia Wildlife Sanctuary? A．Pleasant.
B．Competitive.
C．Dangerous.
D．Lonely.
Watching humorous videos at work isn't always a waste of time for employees. They may be using the most recent psychological research to put themselves in a pleasant mood（心情）so that they can think more creatively.
According to Ruby Nadler, a Ph. D．student at the University of Western Ontario, \"Generally, a positive mood has been found to promote creative problem solving and flexible yet careful thinking.\" She and her colleagues Rahel Rabi and John Paul Minda focused their research on a specific type of learning that benefits from creative thinking.
Volunteers in the study were put into various moods before being given a category learning assignment to complete (they learned to classify sets of pictures with visually complex patterns). The researchers used video clips（片段）to change volunteers' moods; initially, they tested out a few to see which ones made individuals the happiest. The happiest video was the one where the newborn were laughing.
The researchers then used it in the experiment, along with a sad video, which was about a news report about an earthquake, and a video that had no effect on mood. Volunteers were required to learn to detect a pattern after seeing the video clips. Volunteers who were happy were better at learning a rule to categorize the patterns than those who were sad or indifferent.
“If you have a project where you want to think innovatively, or you have a problem to carefully consider, being in a positive mood can help you to do that,\" Nadler says. And a humorous video is a simple method to put yourself in a good mood. However, each of us responds to different types of humorous videos differently, so don't feel obligated to watch the video of the newborn babies' laughing, she adds.
This, according to Nadler, might be one of the reasons why individuals enjoy watching humorous videos at work. \"I think people are unconsciously trying to put themselves in a positive mood, thus the seeming waste of time may actually be beneficial to employers,\" she says.
28．Why were the volunteers exposed to video clips in the study? A．To help them relax
B．To affect their feelings.
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C．To measure their happiness levels. 29．What is the finding of the study?
D．To disturb their classification work.
A．Watching humorous videos is actually a waste of time. B．The volunteers responded to sad videos in the same way. C．Being happy was difficult but beneficial to the volunteers. D．Humorous videos help the volunteers better complete tasks.
30．What does the underlined word \"obligated\" in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Forced.
B．Honored.
C．Annoyed.
D．Confused.
31．What does the text mainly talk about? A．The positive effect of a good mood. C．The importance of watching videos.
B．A way to be humorous and optimistic. D．A reason for wasting time at work.
The state of Michigan, which is home to the first paved road in the country, may also become home to the first wireless electric vehicle (EV) charging road in the country. Governor Gretchen Whitmer recently announced the new project of developing the country's first wireless charging infrastructure on a public road.
An electrified road would save electric vehicle owners and public transportation agencies the need to stop vehicles to charge them constantly, and would support transportation in parts of the country with few to no electric vehicle charging stations.
According to government news outlet Route-Fifty, electrified charging roads use three types of technology. The first is an inductive power transfer (感应电力传输) from the road, which then sends power between a set of coils (线圈) in the roadway and a set of coils in the car. A second consideration is charging through a power transfer from the road to the car through a rail. Another option is overhead conductive (传导性的) charging that transfers power for charging through a connection to overhead lines which is often used for buses and trains.
“The needs for the vehicles will depend on the solution provided；however, the goal is to have the roadway used by all electric vehicle types,” a spokesperson from the Michigan Economic Development Corporation said. “If it's a success, the state of Michigan will review other locations to determine where they best fit the need.”
Michigan officials hope the charging road will provide an improvement to public transportation by charging electric buses and increased access to transportation in or near rural communities, and even potentially help to develop tourism in the area.
“The field of transportation is in the process of a transformation not experienced since the invention of the
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automobile,” Nadia Gkritza, a professor of Purdue University, said. \"Through this project, we foresee opportunities to reduce emissions and near-road exposures to pollutants, coupled with other transportation innovations in shared mobility and automation that will shape data-driven policies encouraging advances.\" 32．What is a problem with driving electric vehicles according to the text?
A．There are no reliable safety measures for it. B．EV drivers have to stop frequently to charge EVs. C．EV charging stations are inaccessible in any place. D．Most public transportation agencies are against it. 33．What do three types of technology mentioned in paragraph 3 focus on? A．What technology is used to reform old buses and trains. B．What construction is needed to improve electrified roads. C．How electrified charging roads save electricity on vehicles. D．How charging vehicles on electrified roads can be realized. 34．What do Michigan officials expect of the wireless charging road?
A．It can save much money on public transportation. B．It can be the inspiration for new electric vehicles. C．It can promote the development of local economy. D．It can make public transportation free in the future. 35．What is Nadia Gkritza trying to do in the last paragraph?
A．Provide evidence. B．Explain a concept. C．Make evaluations. D．Offer suggestions. 阅读理解【吉林省长春市东北师范大学附中2021-2022学年高三上学期第三次摸底】
When someone mentions the Philippines, one can't help but think of beautiful beaches, but the Philippines is not just about beaches. With over 7,000 islands, there's a perfect tourist spot in the Philippines that will satisfy every traveler's wanderlust.
Ifugao
One of the most famous Philippine attractions is Ifugao Province, where you'll find the UNESCO World Heritage Site Banaue Rice Terraces. There are many places in Ifugao that will teach you the unique way of life and culture.
How to get there: From Manila, ride a bus bound for Banaue, a tough exhausting trip of around 9 hours. Siargao
What makes Siargao an ideal travel destination is that it has remained remote, and still relatively under the radar, making it even more appealing to travelers who are longing for natural beauty and a slower pace. This tourist spot in Mindanao will surely captivate your heart.
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How to get there: From Manila, you can book a flight or board a ferry bound for Siargao easily. Palawan
Topping our list of the most beautiful tourist spots in the Philippines is none other than Palawan. With its undeniable beauty, Palawan has already become a regular on the list of the world’s best islands of international travel magazines. Of course, this doesn’t come as a surprise. Besides the clear blue-green waters of lakes, colorful reefs and pure white beaches, what more can you ask for?
How to get there: From Manila, there are flights that travel directly to all parts of Palawan. 1．If you are tired of the fast pace of urban life, __________can be a good choice. A．Palawan
B．Siargao
C．Manila
D．Ifugao
2．Among the attractions mentioned, Ifugao may have a disadvantage of __________. A．service
B．scenery
C．transportation
D．food
3．Where can the text probably be found? A．In a scientific research. C．In a biography.
B．In a book review. D．In a travel magazine.
He really did look like a tourist, with a camera around his neck and a bottle of sunscreen cream sticking out of his bag. The fat man sat on the terrace （平台）sipping lemonade and pretending to look at a tourism brochure. His ，sunglasses masked his eyes, but I knew he wasn't looking at the brochure: he hadn't turned a page for the last ten minutes. As I brought him his dishes, he coughed up a \"thank you\" and looked at me briefly. I tried not to stare at the tiny scar across his left eyebrow.
I walked back inside with my empty tray, shaking my head. He looked familiar, but I couldn't quite place him. Then it hit me. The car accident. The mysterious stranger who helped me out of my crashed car, just before it exploded. I rushed back to his table. He was gone.
I moved his saucer and found his tip, along with a card：I am deeply grateful to you. The night o£ your car accident, I was on my way to rob a jewelry store. Saving your life brought things back in a right way. I now live an honest life, thanks to you. God bless you! Mr. D．
I shivered.The night of my car accident, I was heading for an interview in an illegal dance club. Seeing （震颤）human kindness through his heroic gesture turned my life around and brought faith back into my life. I unfolded the tip he left. Among the singles was a grand （—千块）with a pen mark underlining “In God We Trust.”I said a silent prayer for him and got back to work, smiling.
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4．Why did the fat man look like a tourist?
A．Because he used money not the same as the locals. B．Because he carried what tourists usually have on. C．Because he doesn't look like a native citizen. D．Because he ordered strange food and drinks.
5．How did the writer knew the man didn't read the brochure? A．He was drinking all the time. B．He sat still with his sunglasses. C．The page remained unturned. D．He was staring at the writer.
6．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．They kept in touch with each other since then. B．The writer had been searching for the man. C．The man became a rich man years later. D．The writer didn't go to that interview. 7．What is their attitude towards each other? A．Sympathetic. C．Worried.
B．Grateful. D．Trusty.
Lego is considering a brick rental plan in an attempt to cut down on plastic waste. The Danish toymaker has promised to make all its bricks from sustainable sources by 2030 and is investing significant resources into finding alternatives.
Tim Brooks, vice-president responsible for sustainability, said the company was “totally open” to the idea of a product rental plan but admitted that lost pieces could produce a significant problem. He said the rental scheme was \"possible\" but admitted there were some \"technical barriers\many of which contain thousands of pieces. \"What are the chances of giving them to an eight-year-old child and getting them all back again?\" Mr Brooks added.
Lego has come under increasing pressure to reduce its carbon footprint among growing international alarm about the impact of plastic waste on the environment. Lego reportedly gives off around a million tons of carbon dioxide each year, with about three-quarters coming from raw materials that go into factories. It produces 19 billion
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pieces per year—36,000 a minute—that are made of plastic and much of the inner packaging is also plastic.
So far, the only breakthrough has been the development of a line of bricks made from plant-based plastic sourced from sugarcane. The green trees, plants and flowers were first included in Lego sets late last year but account for only one-two percent of the total amount of plastic elements produced.
Henrik Ostergaard Nielson, a production administrator in Lego's factory, told the New York Times last year, “We need to learn again how to do this. The company has invested more than €100, 000,000 and hired 100 people to research non-plastic alternatives. It is aiming to keep all of its packaging reusable by 2025.” 8．What is the aim of Lego’s brick rental plan? A．To cut down on its costs. C．To seek alternative resources.
B．To reduce plastic waste. D．To deal with technical barriers.
9．What is Tim Brooks' attitude towards the toy rental scheme? A．Negative.
B．Confident.
C．Ambiguous.
D．Objective.
10．What method is mainly used in the last three paragraph? A．Listing figures definition
11．What can we know from the last paragraphs?
A．Lego will not make new products after 2025. B．Lego has already bought non-plastic alternatives. C．Lego is making efforts for eco-friendly products D．Lego's green technology is relatively backward.
A joint research team recently have developed a new electronic skin that is similar to human skin in strength, durability and sensitivity. The skin or e-skin may play an important role in next-generation personalized medicine, soft robotics and artificial intelligence.
“The ideal e-skin will mimic(模仿) the many natural functions of human skin, such as sensing temperature and touch, accurately and in real time,” says leading researcher Yichen Cai. However, making suitably flexible electronics that can perform such delicate tasks while also used repeatedly is challenging, and each material involved must be carefully engineered.
Most e-skins are made by putting an active sensor on the surface that attaches to human skin. However, the connection between them is often too weak, which reduces the durability and sensitivity of the material; otherwise, if it is too strong, it won’t be flexible enough, making it more likely to break the circuit.
“The landscape of skin electronics keeps shifting at a remarkable pace,” says Cai. “The discovery of 2D
B．Making comparisons
C．Giving examples
D．Giving
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sensors has accelerated efforts to turn these quite thin but strong materials into functional, durable artificial skins.”
The new man-made skin built by the researchers could sense objects from 20 centimeters away. It could further make a quick response when touched in less than one tenth of a second. “It is a striking achievement for an e-skin to maintain toughness after repeated use,” said Shen, “which mimics the softness and rapid recovery of human skin.”
This type of e-skin could monitor a range of biological information, such as changes in blood pressure, which can be detected from movements of arms and legs. This data can then be shared and stored on the cloud via Wi-Fi.
“One remaining problem to the widespread use of e-skins lies in mass production of high-resolution sensors,” adds group leader Vincent Tung, “however, the latest technology offers new promise.” 12．What’s the feature of the new e-skin? A．It’s flexible and sensitive. C．It has fragile electronics. 13．What can the new e-skin do？ A．It can rapidly react to touches. C．It can heal the wounded skin quickly.
B．It can change human’s blood pressure. D．It can adjust human's temperature. B．It is almost the same as human skin. D．It has proved important in areas like AI.
14．What does the underlined word “striking” in paragraph 5 probably mean？ A．Slight.
B．Noticeable.
C．Well-known.
D．Insignificant.
15．What is the best title for the text? A．A Break through in High Technology. C．E-skin, a Promising Business
B．Man-made Skin Improved D．The Wide Spread Use of E-skin
阅读理解【宁夏银川一中2021-2022学年高三上学期第五次月考】
Accessible Adventures Near Global Airports
Adventure doesn’t have to mean inaccessible destinations. You may try one of these outdoor experiences. They’re all reasonably close to an airport, so your destinations are easy to reach.
Camp by Boat on California’s Anacapa Island Airport: Los Angeles International Airport
Trips to Anacapa Island can be arranged year-round, and the rocky shores are popular places for camping and bird watching. This is truly remote, though—there are no goods, services, or accommodations on the island, so be prepared to be fully self-sufficient when you take a boat at the Channel Islands Harbor in Oxnard, just north of Los
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Angeles. From Los Angeles International Airport, you can take a bus for the scenic trip to the harbor.
Ski Snowy Slopes（斜坡）Just Outside Tokyo
Airport: Tokyo International Airport or Narita International Airport
It’s easy to find adventure just minutes after arriving in Japan, a country known for its bullet trains and efficient transportation. Make your way from either airport to Tokyo Station, and you’ll be just an hour and a half away from the snow-packed slopes of Gala Yuzawa.
Getting to the popular ski slopes is simple. It’s served by the bullet-train station, and you can buy tickets and rent equipment only a few steps from the stop. Gala Yuzawa can be crowded, but it also has everything you need for a winter adventure.
Ride the Great Southern Rail from Adelaide to Darwin Airports: Adelaide Airport and Darwin International Airport
See the red soil of Australia on The Ghan, a train line that stretches from Adelaide to Darwin. This interstate passenger train follows the route of ancient camel drivers and provides out-of-this-world views. The train trip takes three or four days without any stops.
Both the initial and final train stations on this route are close to airports—Adelaide Parklands Terminal is just about 5 kilometers from Adelaide Airport and Darwin Railway Station is about 16 kilometers from Darwin International Airport.
1．How can you get to the Channel Islands Harbor from the airport? A．By bus.
B．By boat.
C．By air.
D．By train.
2．When is the best time to go to Gala Yuzawa? A．Winter.
B．Spring.
C．Summer.
D．Autumn.
3．What can be learned about the distance between Adelaide Airport and Darwin International Airport? A．Dozens of kilometers. C．About five kilometers.
B．Thousands of kilometers. D．About sixteen kilometers.
The Roatan dolphins are kept in a roped-off pen(围栏). The cheapest “swim” with the dolphins costs $ 89. Kissing costs extra. The tourists line up and, one after another, get photographed while being “kissed” by a dolphin. The tourist bends down a bit, the trainer lifts an arm, the dolphin comes up and for a few seconds holds its bottlenose to the tourist’s face. The picture is ready for purchase when the tourists exit through the gift shop.
These tourists must love dolphins, but what kind of love is that? At sea these highly intelligent creatures are
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always on the move, traveling thousands of miles. They are complex social creatures that need a lot of space to live in.
Yet Teri Bolton, the head trainer at Anthony’s Key Resort, defends the pen as a suitable habitat. “We feel this is the closest to keeping things as natural as possible”, she said. “You’re getting a window into how these animals really are.”
The discussion about this tourist behavior can be found on the Internet. Some people try to justify their desire, saying the fence of the pen is low; the dolphins could jump over it if they wanted to, and therefore they’re staying in captivity(圈养)by free will. One contributor to the discussion said, “Dolphins are social creatures. Jumping over the fence would mean leaving the females and their babies. Besides, by now they are used to captivity with three meals a day. Jumping over the fence would be like asking you to jump out of a spaceship alone onto Mars.”
But visiting any institution that keeps dolphins in captivity means supporting the concept of captivity. It’s like wearing a fur coat and then justifying it by saying it’s OK because the animals are already dead.
Remember that you cannot buy love, and if you try to buy dolphin love, you hurt the ones you love. In fact, a dolphin’s kiss has nothing to do with love, just as a dolphin’s smile has nothing to do with happiness. While many claim that dolphin encounters provide healing(治疗）)qualities and help you to feel better, the opposite is true for the supposed healers. 4．How much does a tourist pay for a dolphin’s kiss? A．More than $ 89. C．As much as $ 89.
B．Less than $ 89. D．It’s free of charge.
5．What do some people on the Internet think of the pen for dolphins? A．It’s like a prison.
C．It’s no fun for the dolphins.
B．It’s like a spaceship. D．It’s suitable for the dolphins.
6．What do the underlined “the supposed healers” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Dolphin lovers. C．Dolphins in the wild.
B．Unhealthy people. D．Dolphins in captivity.
7．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Are Dolphins As Smart As Humans? B．Swimming with Dolphins: Is It Love or Not? C．Dolphins—Creatures with Feelings
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D．Kissing—A New Way to Communicate with Dolphins
Jacob Kohut finally had a break during his 12-hour shift standing guard outside the U.S. Capitol. He could have spent his break napping or joking with fellow National Guardsmen. Instead, he sat in the back of a Humvee, flute(长笛) in hand, teaching students via his laptop how to play Beethoven’s Ode to Joy.
Kohut has been in the military for 11 years as part of the 257th Army Band, playing several musical instruments. He also has been a band teacher for more than a decade, and for the past five years, he’s taught music at Canterbury Woods Elementary School in the morning and Frost Middle School in the afternoon.
When he was called up for duty, “my first thought was, what about my kids?” says Kohut. “The last thing these students need is a disturbance in their teaching. I would rather teach the class, even if that means I ’m tired.” When on duty, Kohut’s days began in the morning with teaching his elementary class remotely, finishing the lesson mere minutes before his Guard shift started at 10. Am. Later in the day, during his break, he would go online to teach his middle school students.
Diane Leipzig, the principal of Canterbury Woods Elementary, assured Kohut she would find an alternative teacher to cover his classes while he protected the Capitol, but he insisted on continuing to teach. Leipzig wasn't surprised. “He would do anything for his students.” she says, “He is an excellent example. He teaches our kids the importance of practice, and determination.”
As the 11 instruments played by his virtual students synchronized(同步)in a song, the familiar melody of Ode to Joy rang through the Humvee. At that moment, Kohut realized there wasn't a timelier tune to teach his students.\"It's a symbol of unity and peace,\" he says. “And that's what the world needs right now.” 8．How did Kohut usually spend his break time? A．He led his music class through a laptop B．He would have a sound sleep
C．He taught students to play instruments on campus. D．He told jokes with his colleagues.
9．What can be inferred about Kohut according to Diane Leipzig? A．He teaches anything to students. B．He is replaced by an alternative teacher. C．His duty as a soldier conflicted with his teaching D．He makes a great impact on students
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10．According to the passage, which word can best describe Kohut? A．Caring and demanding. C．Cooperative and creative.
B．Devoted and passionate D．Ambitious and intelligent
11．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．A soldier for politics education C．A music teacher for the country
B．Struggling for Unity and Peace D．Fighting for Country and Beethoven
The driver who cuts you off in traffic.The neighbors who don't pick up after their dog.Situations such as these get our hearts racing and send our stress levels skyrocketing.Anger isn't a pleasant feeling.Some of us bottle up the emotion, while others explode in a wild rage (狂怒).Both habits do considerable harm to our bodies, our minds, and our relationships.
“Anger may fee1 uncomfortable and a lot of people think they have to get rid of their anger,\" says Patrick Keelan, a registered psychologist in Calgary, Alberta.“But anger is an emotion built into us to signal that something needs to be addressed.When we take notice of that signal and actually wrestle with the problem instead of turning a blind eye to it, we' re usually much better for it.”
Unfortunately, many of us have been conditioned to keep our emotions hidden.Increasingly,research is suggesting that this can have long-term effects on our health.Investigators at the University of Rochester noticed that people who contain their emotions tend to live shorter lives.When we're angry, stress hormones are released, which can make us more likely to develop a wide range of diseases, including diabetes, depression, immune related conditions.
Is it better, then, to scream and howl whenever something makes you mad? That's probably the reason why“rage rooms\" have popped up in many American cities, where folks are invited to let steam off by violently smashing (打碎) stuff in a“safe\" environment.However, the research indicates that when people display anger aggressively, it can actually increase the intensity of the anger -- and increase the likelihood of aggressive actions in the future.It doesn't take much imagination to predict how such behavior can affect your relationship with your spouse, your kids, or your colleagues.It also hurts your health.A large 2016 study at McMaster University found that people are more than twice as likely to have a heart attack after an angry explosion.
If we shouldn't bottle up our angry feelings but aggressive behavior isn't healthy either, how should we handle things that tick us of? It's the extreme highs and lows that cause the damage.If you're able to apply techniques that smooth out some of those peaks and valleys, you can have a gentler ride.
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12．What does the underlined phrase“bottle up\" in paragraph 1 mean? A．Build up. B．Hold back. C．Let off. D．Bring out.
13．What does Patrick Keelan think of anger? A．Uncomfortable and avoidable. B．Terrible and threatening. C．Confusing and complex. D．Normal and natural.
14．What is the consequence of displaying anger aggressively? A．It leads to people's depression. B．It warns people against violence. C．It adds to people's anger. D．It helps people to calm down.
15．What will be talked about if the passage is continued? A．Possible causes of anger. B．Tips on handling anger. C．Possible harm of anger. D．Tips on avoiding anger.
阅读理解【四川省乐山市高中2022届第一次调查研究考试】
Universal Beijing Resort is a widely expected theme park destination featuring several all-new attractions. To ensure a safe, secure and pleasant environment, please obey the following regulations.
●Food Policy：
Universal Beijing Resort offers a variety of fresh and delicious food options at restaurants and stands throughout the Resort. However, we respect that guests may need to bring some outside food and drinks for self-consumption. The following food and drinks will not be allowed into the Resort（except for medical, infant, or special dietary needs）：
·Alcoholic beverages（e. g. beer, spirits, etc. ）
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·Foods that need to be heated or processed（e. g. instant noodles, cold food, instant hotpot） ·Food and drinks in glass containers（e. g. soda in glass bottles, etc. ） ●Security Inspection Process:
·All bags, backpacks or packages are requested to be inspected according to applicable laws before guests enter Universal Beijing Resort.
·Bags/containers more than 56cm×36cm×23cm are prohibited.
·Please follow the instructions from Universal Beijing Resort Security Team. ●Ticket Policy
·There is no admission ticket required for entry to Universal CityWalk Beijing, but Universal Studios Beijing is only accessible to guests with admission tickets. Guests under16 must be accompanied by a guest aged 16 or older.
Universal Express Themed Park Ticket ·One Day Dated Admission Valid on your selected date only ·Valid at Universal Studios Beijing only From ¥315 ·Valid on your selected date only ·Universal Express price may vary depending on the date selection ·Includes express access to participating ride and attraction, and priority seating at selected shows. ·Valid at Universal Studios Beijing only From¥400 ·If you have any questions or encounter an emergency, please consult an onsite team member, or dial the Guest Services Hotline via 4008-778899. 1．Who is the passage intended for? A．Tour guides.
B．Tourists.
C．Security Guards.
D．Parents.
2．Which of the following is against the regulations of Universal Beijing Resort? A．Buying food from the stands. C．Drinking milk from glass bottles. 3．What do we know about the admission? A．The price of Universal Express is fixed.
B．You need pay for entry to Universal City Walk.
D．You should pay at least ¥400 for express access. B．Eating home-made cookies. D．Getting luggage inspected.
C．A 14-year-old boy can buy ticket and go alone.
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Song Chunfang still remembers his teacher Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice,” telling them to speed up the promotion of hybrid rice in Madagascar before their trip to the country in October 2020.
Yuan Longping, famous for developing the first high-yield hybrid rice strain capable of eliminating (消灭) hunger for large numbers of people, died of organ failure at 91 on May 22, 2021.
In April 1979, Yuan presented his paper to an international academic conference on hybrid rice in Manila, sharing China's experience in hybrid rice research with the rest of the world. Over four decades, research teams working on hybrid rice have been promoting the technology overseas. So far, Yuan's hybrid rice has been grown in more than 60 countries, with a total growing area of 8 million hectares (公顷) outside China, according to the China National Hybrid Rice R&D Center where Yuan worked.
Established in Madagascar in 2019, the African sub-center is the only overseas sub-center of China's national hybrid rice engineering technology research center, and it is functioning well. Chinese experts in the sub-center set up a service chain including providing seeds, relevant training and technical guidance. More than 100 skilled local trainees were given online courses to become hybrid rice experts who can better serve the needs of local farmers. So far, the sub-center has approved three hybrid rice varieties in Madagascar, with two other varieties suitable for growing in most regions of the country expected to gain approval this year. 4．Why was Yuan Longping known as the “father of hybrid rice”? A．Because he sped up the planting of hybrid rice. B．Because he promoted the first hybrid rice strain.
C．Because his hybrid rice eliminated people's feeling of hunger. D．Because he contributed greatly on hybrid rice development. 5．Paragraph 3 mainly tells about________.
A．Yuan's effort in promotion of hybrid rice overseas B．the global hybrid rice development in the past C．rice-growing area distribution outside China D．the influence of Yuan's paper on hybrid rice 6．What can we learn from the African sub-center? A．It is a company selling rice-growing technologies. B．It functions well in promoting China's hybrid rice. C．It teaches local farmers to grow rice directly. D．It has altogether five rice varieties to approve. 7．The author wrote this passage mainly to________.
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A．tell Yuan Longping's contribution C．present hybrid rice's achievement
B．report Yuan Longping's death D．show African sub-center's success
One of Britain's few typical contributions to world culture may come to an end, according to a survey that suggests holiday postcards are being emailed and texted into extinction（消亡）. More than half of the 1,000 holiday-makers interviewed said they had decided to send fewer cards, turning instead to their electronic competitors.
A quarter of the respondents（受访者）dismissed postcards as old-fashioned and slow to arrive. A further 14% admitted that thinking of something to fill the space was too challenging, compared with a call home. Although officially invented by a Hungarian, Emanuel Herrmann, in 1869, the idea of illustrated cards was taken up with most enthusiasm in Victorian Britain, joining Gothic architecture and landscape gardening as fields in which the country excelled.
“If the British postcard did become extinct, we would lose for ever something of great importance to the nation,\" said Chris Mottershead of Thomson Holidays, which charged with the survey. He was backed by Marie Angelou of Sussex University, who has studied the importance of sending and receiving postcards. “Postcards are nothing like phone calls, instant texting and direct photo shots via the mobile,\" she said. “All these are useful, practical devices, but postcards offer something else, something additional that is not mundaneand simply （世俗的）functional, but imaginative and personal. They can produce the real atmosphere of your holiday in a way that nothing else can do. They're also for more than a moment—with some people adding them to collections built up over years and years.”
Postcard-collecting, is third only to coins and stamps in Britain's related tradition of collecting things. The country's uniquely postcard-related achievements include the invention in 1902 of the“divided back”. With the address taking up half of the writing area, brief postcard scribbles（潦草的书写）became the forerunner to today's text messages.
8．What does the survey suggest? A．Postcards are being emailed to people. C．Postcards are now less preferred.
B．Fewer people care about holidays. D．Paper cards are people's favorite.
9．What does the underlined phrase \"was taken up with most enthusiasm\" in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Gained popularity. B．Took place.
C．Came back.
D．Went into service.
10．What does Marie Angelou think of postcards?
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A．Postcards are not as effective as phone calls. B．Postcards send information much more quickly. C．Postcards should give way to text messages. D．Postcards carry more than what they show. 11．What is the best title for the text? A．Last Post for Britain's Card Habit? C．Britain: Dreamland for Postcards?
B．Time for A Change? D．Fall of A Great Power?
Human societies depend on healthy ecosystems (生态系统). People use their products in the shape of fish, meat, crops and fibers such as cotton and silk. Medicines may be directly harvested from the natural world or inspired by molecules (分子) and elements found within it. Through light reaction, trees and other plants take in carbon and pump out oxygen.
The services that ecosystems provide to humans depend, in turn, on there being a diversity of living things. More than 75% of global food-crop types, including coffee, cocoa and almonds, are pollinated (授粉) by animals. The complex web supporting every food chain and ecosystem means that the narrow range of species that humans eat and exploit cannot be sustained (维持) without the existence of a much greater diversity of animals, plants and bacteria.
When IPBES published its assessment of the state of global biodiversity in 2019, it offered a sobering picture. Roughly 1 million animal and plant species were considered to be at risk of extinction. These included many that are used in farming. At least 9% of the 6,200 sorts of house-trained mammals that humans eat, or use to produce food, had become extinct by 2016, and at least 1,000 more are threatened. And one-third of ocean fish stocks were being unsustainably exploited in 2015.
Surveys also show that the loss of biodiversity is the result of a combination of factors: climate change, pollution, human exploitation of land, sea, plants and animals, and the movement of some species into new territories where they destroy existing ecosystems.
Understanding a problem, however, is a necessary step towards solving it. And that is where technology can help. Ironically (讽刺地), it is humans’ use of technology, whether in simple forms such as chainsaws (链锯) or dragnets, or more complex ones such as modern agriculture and transportation, that is chiefly responsible for biodiversity loss. The challenge now is to arrange it so that it is not just part of the problem, but part of the solution. 12．What does paragraph 1 try to tell?
A．Great success achieved by human societies. B．People’s role in reconstructing the ecosystems.
C．People’s wisdom and experience in exploiting nature. D．Benefits brought by ecosystems to human societies.
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13．In paragraph 2, the author tries to explain the relationship between________. A．humans and ecosystems C．animals and food chain
B．ecosystems and biodiversity D．biodiversity and resources
14．What does the underlined word “sobering” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Saddening.
B．Comprehensive.
C．Concrete.
D．Thorough.
15．Which of the following will the author probably agree? A．We need to rid technology to promote biodiversity. B．Loss of biodiversity is simply related to human activities. C．Technology is double-edged when it comes to biodiversity. D．Climate change poses greater risks than loss of biodiversity.
阅读理解【新疆昌吉教育体系2021-2022学年高三上学期第四次诊断测试】
Grand Canyon National Park Ranger Programs
Critter Chat 9:30 am Daily
(Meet at Grand Canyon Visitor Center)
Learn about some of the Grand Canyon’s diverse wild creatures who survive here in this place of extreme changes in exposure and climate. Wheelchair accessible. Family friendly.
Geology Walk 3:30 pm Daily
(Meet at Yavapai Geology Museum)
Learn how the Grand Canyon formed while exploring Yavapai Geology Museum during this short
introductory talk. Why is it so deep, wide, and grand? Why does it exist only here and nowhere else in the world? Consider walking the Trail of Time following the program.
Guided Cedar Ridge Hike 7 am Daily
(Meet at the South Kaibab Trailhead)
A 3-mile (about 4.8 km) hike on an unpaved path. Allow 4 hours. Minimum 2 liters of water per person. Bring salty snacks, sunscreen, and wear hiking shoes. Not recommended for people with heart problems, or difficulty walking.
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Fossil Discovery Walk 9 am Daily
(Meet at the Bright Angel Trailhead sign)
Walk among sea creatures that lived on this part of the continent 270 million years ago, before the age of the dinosaurs. This easy 1/2-mile (about 0.8 km) one-way walk explores an exposed fossil bed.
Note: Children must be accompanied by an adult in all programs. All programs are free of charge. 1．Which program is suitable for a family to learn the current wildlife? A．Critter Chat.
C．Guided Cedar Ridge Hike.
B．Geology Walk. D．Fossil Discovery Walk.
2．Where can participants learn about the formation of the Grand Canyon? A．At Yavapai Geology Museum. B．At the South Kaibab Trailhead. C．At Grand Canyon Visitor Center. D．At the Bright Angel Trailhead sign.
3．What should participants notice about Guided Cedar Ridge Hike? A．A one-way walk. B．A wheelchair path. C．An exposed fossil bed. D．Some special requirements.
Gorman is the youngest poet in US history. She became the youth poet laureate (获奖者) of Los Angeles at age 16 in 2014 and the first national youth poet laureate three years later. She has recently completed her studies at Harvard University.
Her mother, Joan Wicks, teaches in a middle school in Watts. Shuttling among the neighborhoods gave Gorman a window to the world. Her love for poetry dates at least back to the third grade when her teacher read Ray Bradbury’s Dandelion Wine to the class.
Gorman is a lot better at it now, but still working on her confidence as a public speaker. “Until two or maybe three years ago, I couldn’t say the letter ‘r’. Even to this day sometimes I struggle with it. I’d want to say ‘girls can change the world’, but I can not say so many letters in that statement, so I’d say things like ‘young women can shape the globe’.”
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For Gorman, writing became a cure. “I used writing as a form of self expression to get my word on the page. So the more I recited out loud, the more I was able to teach myself how to pronounce these letters which for so long had been my greatest obstacle. Gorman said she also used a song from Miranda’s Pulitzer Prize-winning Broadway musical Hamilton to help with her speaking. “But I don’t look at my disability as a weakness,” said Gorman. “It’s made me the performer that I am and the storyteller that I struggle to be.”
In September, Gorman will release Change Sings, the first of two children’s books. The poet says she desires to publish a book “in which kids could see themselves as change-makers in history, rather than just observers”. 4．What happened to Gorman in 2017? A．She became the US first youth poet laureate. B．She graduated from Harvard University. C．She applied for the youth poet laureate. D．She turned into a public speaker. 5．What aroused Gorman’s interest in poetry? A．Her mother’s encouragement. B．Ray Bradbury’s works. C．Miranda’s inspiration. D．A laureate’s story.
6．Why does Gorman want to write a book for kids? A．To inspire kids to be the youth poet laureate. B．To show kids some ways to observe the world. C．To encourage kids to be change-makers. D．To give the disabled some writing tips. 7．Which can be the best title for the text? A．Gorman succeeded in becoming a storyteller B．Gorman overcame her disadvantage in poetry C．Gorman used writing to overcome a speech obstacle D．Gorman’s weakness stopped her from being a speaker
Why do people long for celebrity news? At least some of the hunger centers around schadenfreude—having joy from the suffering of others. People often act as if joy is dependent on achieving material gain. Seeing people
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that seem to “have it all” suffer (going through divorce, drug abuse, mental illness, etc.) momentarily destroys that thought. And then people can think, “Perhaps it’s OK that I don’t have my own television show, and own four large houses.” Let’s chat a bit more about schadenfreude and related concepts. If you’ve been alive a couple of decades, you’ve certainly seen plenty of examples showing that money does not bring happiness. But what does bring happiness? One of the keys involves learning to fully attend to and enjoy the present moment—not just learning this as information, but, through practice, developing the skill of living mindfully in this moment.
Other keys to happiness involve developing the skill of compassion (同情) and loving kindness. This may seem strange to readers: developing a skill of compassion? Don’t you just have or not have compassion? There are some types of meditation (冥想) originating from Buddhist traditions that are designed to develop compassion and loving kindness.
The four related qualities developed by these types of meditation practices are termed: loving kindness, calmness, compassion, and sympathetic joy. Sympathetic joy is the exact opposite of schadenfreude—with sympathetic joy, we get joy from the joy of others. Think of a close family member doing well and notice the joy you feel—that is sympathetic joy. To develop more sympathetic joy, when something good happens to another person, say to yourself (with as much meaning as possible), “I’m happy for you. May your good fortune continue. May your good fortune grow.”
When a person, celebrity or not, is suffering, you can practice a compassion meditation. Close your eyes and imagine a scene that naturally brings forth sympathy, such as hugging a loved one, or holding a baby. Then imagine saying to the person suffering, “May you be free from suffering,” or “May your suffering ease.” 8．What can make us happy according to the author? A．Having a well-paid job. C．Focusing on celebrities’ news.
B．Owning great popularity. D．Learning to live in the moment.
9．What does the author mainly talk about in paragraph 2? A．Compassion and loving kindness. C．Happiness and meditation.
10．Which of the following is sympathetic joy? A．You cheer up when a celebrity gets divorced. B．You crow over it when your schoolmate gets injured. C．You’re delighted when your classmate wins a competition.
B．The origin of some traditions. D．Meditation practices.
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D．You’re pleased when a celebrity practices attentively meditation. 11．What is the author’s purpose of writing the text? A．To show celebrities’ real life. B．To introduce the findings of a study. C．To stress the importance of happiness.
D．To correct the negative attitudes to other people’s sufferings.
One of the most dangerous insects you need to watch out for during summer is mosquitoes. But no matter how you try to avoid them, some naturally attract mosquitoes more than others.
One of the most important facts to remember is that mosquitoes track people down by smell and body odour (气味), according to Bart Knols, PhD, a biologist devoted to the study of mosquitoes. The carbon dioxide people breathe out, along with chemicals from the skin, creates an “odour plume” that mosquitoes can detect from up to almost 100 feet away. “Each person gives off more than 300 chemicals from the skin, more than 100 in breathing out,” Knols says.
The specific mixtures on the skin that mosquitoes respond to vary by species. The yellow fever mosquito and Asian tiger mosquito, for example, respond well to lactic acid from skin. African malaria mosquitoes respond to a mix of fatty acids, according to Knols. Your individual mixtures and smells determine how much of a mosquito attraction you are, depending on the mosquito species. The mix of chemicals you produce is only partly in your control. These chemicals depend on your genetic make-up, health condition, diet, skin pH, and so on. “Bacteria on the skin break down the mixtures that we give off through our pores (毛孔), and these are the attractive smells,” Knols says. “So it is not actually we that draw mosquitoes, but the bacteria on our skin.”
Although this is a complex and partly understood phenomenon, Knols says that we do all have a unique smell. There are many folk stories about why some people are more or less attractive to mosquitoes. Some people falsely think the blood type is the cause? and others believe taking vitamin B or eating garlic makes people less attractive to mosquitoes—but Knols notes there’s no scientific data backing up these claims. 12．What do we learn from the second paragraph? A．Nobody can avoid mosquitoes anyway. B．Mosquitoes can detect people by smell. C．A person breathes out over 300 chemicals. D．People find mosquitoes annoying and harmful.
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13．Why does the author take several kinds of mosquitoes for example? A．To warn people not to touch mosquitoes. B．To persuade readers to protect the environment. C．To help people distinguish poisonous mosquitoes. D．To show how different mosquitoes react to mixtures. 14．What attracts mosquitoes according to Bart Knols? A．Bacteria on the skin. B．Specific blood type. C．Smells from the hair. D．Chemicals in the mouth. 15．What is the best title for the text?
A．Ways to make people more and more attractive B．Folk stories about how mosquitoes attack people C．The scientific reason you are a mosquito attraction D．Different attitudes toward mosquitoes
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