1. 汉译英的“分”与“和”
有时，汉语里前后两个或几个句子，语义密切相关，并以一个主语贯穿几个分句，其中的一个或几个相同的主语往往承前或承后省略，分句间用逗号链接。对这种情况，如果直接按汉语的结构译为英语，是一种病句（英文中称“不间断句子”run-on sentence), 故英译时要根据情况，要么合并为一个句子，要么译成两个或几个句子，且后句往往用指代前面名词的代词作主语。
分句法：
他小时候经常看到苹果从树上掉到地上，他就纳闷，苹果为什么不飞向天空呢？ When he was a boy, he often saw apples falling to the ground. He wondered why they did not fly up into the sky.
并句法：
小李是一位新生。他来自南方的一个省份。小李说一口方言，我们觉得很难听懂他说话。 Li, a freshman from a southern province, speaks a dialect difficult for us to understand.
有时候，还可以将一些成分合并为英语句子的主语和谓语成分，请模仿下面两个例子翻译下列句子：
例： 光速极快，这说明为什么我们认为在事情正在发生的那一刹那我们就看到它们发生。 The great speed of light explains why we see things happen at the exact moment they are happening. (合并为主语）
可以预料， 航空学的下一个重大飞跃将是高超声速飞行。
The next grat leap forward in aviation is expected to be hypersonic travel.
2. 下面一段台词选自《秦时明月》，请将其译为英语。
这个小孩叫“天明”，是一个孤儿，曾经被一对老夫妻收养。可是后来一场大火，老夫妻都死于火中，这个小孩就一直流落街头。一个月前，盖聂找到了他。
The child is an orphan by the name “Tian Ming”. He had been adopted by an old couple, who died in a big fire.He was left homeless until Ge Nie found him a month ago.
3. 请将下面汉语段落译为英文。(分不同专业，词汇事先提供给学生）
计算机病毒类似于生物病毒（一种会伤害人体的有机体），是一系列可对计算机内存储的信息造成损害的电子指令。病毒秘密地传染给计算机，让计算机做一些主人不想要它做的事情。
A computer “virus” is similar to a biological virus---an organism that can harm the human
body. A computer virus is a series of electronic commands that can harm a computer or the information in the computer. It infects the device secretly. It tells the computer to do something the computer’s owner does not want it to do.
熔断器是一种易熔化的细导线，安装在保险盒里。保险盒是由不能燃烧的材料做成的。电流过大时，保险丝发热，然后它就熔化掉。熔断器一烧，准是出了毛病。首先我们必须找出故障。也许是两条导线碰到一起了。我们必须用某种新的绝缘材料把她们包好。然后，还得找到烧断的熔断器，把它修好，再在保险盒里装上一根新熔断器。
A fuse is a thin wire which easily melts. It is fixed in a fuse-holder. The fuse-holder is made of some material which cannot burn. A large current makes the fuse hot and then it melts away. When a fuse blows, something is wrong. We must find the fault first. Perhaps two wires are touching. We must cover them with new insulation of some kind. Then we must find the blown fuse and repair it. We put a new piece of fuse-wire in the holder.
光是我们日常生活的一部分，我们对它非常熟悉，几乎从来不去想一想它。然而光是大自然中最令人惊奇的现象之一。
光是由电子绕原子核旋转而产生的。电子像行星绕太阳旋转那样，在距原子核不同的距离上绕每个核旋转，如果以热的形式向原子的电子层供给能量的话，电子有可能从内轨道跃迁到外轨道， 但这些电子发现难以维持原来的位置，因此它们又跃会内轨道，同时以光的形式放出多余的能量。
Light is part of our everyday lives---something so familiar that we almost never give it a thought. Yet light is one of the most wonderful phenomena of Nature.
Light is caused by the electrons spinning round the nuclei of atoms. The electrons circle round each nucleus, at various distances from it, as the planets go round the sun. If energy is supplied to the atmosphere in the form of heat， the electrons can jump from the inner orbits to the outer ones. But these electrons find it difficult to maintain their position. So they jump back to the inner orbits again, at the same time giving up their excess energy in the form of light.
自动化被认为是现代技术最伟大的成就之一。在今天的工厂里，现在经常可以看到自动控制装置在工作，取得自动调节的效果。自动化是在用编制成程序的指令的指挥下，结合对操作的情况进行自动测定、反馈，以及对决策进行控制，来完成自动操作。
Automation is known as one of the greatest achievements of modern technology. Automatic controls are now often seen at work achieving self-regulation in today’s factories. Automation is the performance of automatic operations directed by programmed commands combined with automatic measurement of action, feedback, and decision-making control.
4. 翻译赏析：《落花生》三个版本的翻译
爹爹说：“花生底用处固然很多；但有一样是很可贵的。这小小的豆不像那好看的苹果、桃子、石榴，把它们底果实悬在枝上，鲜红嫩绿的颜色，令人一望而发生羡慕的心。它只把果子埋在地底，等到成熟，才容人把它挖出来。”
1.“It’s true that peanuts have many uses,” said father, “but they’re most beloved in one respect. Unlike nice-looking apples, peaches, and pomegranates, which hang their fruit on branches and win people’s admiration with their brilliant colors, tiny little peanuts bury themselves underground and are not unearthed until they’re ripe.”
2. Father said, “In fact the peanut has many uses, but the most valuable thing about this little nut is this: it’s not like the apple, peach or pomegranate, flaunting their bright, beautiful fruits on their branches for all to see and admire. The peanut lies buried in the soil, waiting until it is ripe before letting people dig it up.”
3. “Peanut is good for many things,” Father said, “but there is one thing that is particularly good about it. Unlike apples, peaches and pomegranates that display their fruits up in the air, attracting you with their beautiful colors, peanut buries its fruit in the earth. It does not show itself until you dig it out when it is ripe.
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