情态动词
1. can ①表示能力，翻译为“能做，会做” ②表示请求许可，翻译为“能够，可以”
③表示推测，用于疑问句，翻译为“可能” ④翻译为“有时候会“
can’t ①表示能力，翻译为“不会做” ②表示许可，翻译为“不能，不可以”
③表示推测，翻译为“不可能”
be able to 表示经过一番努力成功做到某事
2. could 与can的用法相似，但①在表示过去的可能性或能力是只能用can
②表示请求许可时，could比can更委婉客气
3. may ①表示请求许可，用于疑问句，翻译为“可以…吗”
②表推测，用于陈述句，翻译为“可能”
may not “可能不”
4. might ①表示请求许可，比may语气更委婉 ②表推测，might的可能性比may小
5. must ①表示义务、命令，翻译为“必须” ②表示推测，翻译为“一定”
③表固执，翻译为“偏要，硬要
mustn’t “禁止，不准“
6. have to “不得不“强调客观需要，否定形式为don’t have to
7. shall ①用在疑问句中，与第一、三人称连用，表示征求对方的意见
②用于陈述句，与第二、三人称连用，表示说话人的命令、警告、允诺、威胁等。
8. should ①表示义务、责任，翻译为“应该” ②表示惊讶，翻译为”竟然，居然”
shouldn’t “不应该”
9. ought to “应该”，语气比should重
否定形式为ought not to
10. will ①用于疑问句，和第二三人称连用，表示请求、建议
②用于陈述句，表示意志、愿望和决心 ③表示某种倾向或习惯性动作
11. would ①表示委婉地提出请求，建议 ②表示意愿，翻译为“将”
③won’t, wouldn’t 表示事物暂时的特征，翻译为“就是不能”
12. need ①作情态动词，常用于否定句和疑问句，否定用needn’t
②作实义动词，有人称、时态和单复数的变化，否定用don’t have to
13. dare ①用作情态动词，翻译为“敢”②用作实义动词
Ⅱ情态动词+ be doing
must be doing “一定正在做某事” may be doing “可能正在做某事”
Ⅲ 情态动词+ have done
1. must have done “过去一定/准是做了某事
mustn’t have done 英语中不存在
2. may/might have done “过去可能已经做了某事”
may/might not have done “过去可能没有做某事”
3. should have done “过去本应该做某事，而实际上没做“
shouldn’t have done “过去本不应该做某事，而却做了”
4. need have done “过去有必要做某事，而却没做”
needn’t have done “过去本没必要做某事，但实际上却做了”
5. could have done 用在疑问句中，翻译为“可能做了某事吗”
用在陈述句中，“过去本能够做某事，但实际上没有做到”
“过去本可以做某事，而实际上没有”
cann’t/couldn’t have done “不可能做了某事”
1.There ____ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practices a lot in the driving school.
A. mustn’t B. shan’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
2. Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _____ too much at the party last night.
A. could drink B. should drink C. would have drunk D. must have drunk
3. The world Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it ___ be very slow.
A. should B. must C. will D. can
4. I ______ give you an answer tomorrow. I promise!
A. must B. will C. may D. shall
5. As a soldier, you ______ do as the head tells you.
A. will B. shall C. may D. ought
6. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ___get out.
A. had to B. would C. could D. be able to
7. The door_______ open , no matter how hard she pushed.
A. shouldn’t B. couldn't C. wouldn't D. mightn't
8. Since nobody gave him any help, he_______ have done the research on his own.
A. can B. must C. would D. need
9. It_______ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.
A. may B. couldn’t C. should D. needn’t
10.—Why are your eyes so red? You _______ have slept well last night.
—Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. won’t
11. We have bought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner.
A．may not B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t
12. One of our rules is that every student wear school uniform while at school.
A. might B. could C. shall D. will
13. I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao ” just as I ____ do in China.
A. must B. might C. can D. should
14、If you _____ smoke, please go outside.
A. can B. should C. must D. may
15. We ______ the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me?
A. should face B. might face C. could have faced D. must have faced
16. —Where is Johnson? I can’t find him anywhere.
—He ____ letters upstairs.
A.
might have written B. must have written
C. must be writing D. must write
17. I use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house.
A. couldn't B. mustn't C. shouldn't D. needn't
18. --I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.
---How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ______ it.
A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen
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