高考英语完成句子

高考英语完成句子

　　. 31. ____________________(最长的三条河流)in the world are the niles, the amazon, and the changjiang river.(long) 32. seldom __________________(他们玩)video games ever since they entered college. (play) 33. the city __________________(我成长的)is very hot and damp in summer.(grow) 34. __________________(我花了)one thousand dollars to buy the painting last week. (cost) 35. i feel so sick. i wish mum __________________(没有逼我)to eat so much.(force) 36. —you'd better go and _______________(把你的轿车洗洗). —no, i'll do it myself. (wash) 37. with the rapid development of science and technology, i can ' t imagine__________________(我的家乡会是什么样子) in ten years.(what) 38. it is your efforts, not success. (determine) your intelligence, _______________(决定) your 39. he looks sleepy. he must __________________ 熬夜了) ( last night, writing the essay. (stay) 40. at present, lots of food, water, tents, and medicine __________________(正在 运往)from all over china and other parts of the world to the earthquake-stricken areas.(transport) 2 真题简析 31 题 考查形容词的最高级与数词的搭配顺序. 答案为:the three longest rivers 类似的搭配如: the four largest oceans in the world the five most famous mountains in china the eight most famous wonders in the world the one hundred greatest persons alive in the world … 此题考生通过率很高,区分度不高. 32 题 考查表否定意义的副词位于句首的倒装句式. 答案为:have they played 此题应注意两点: (1)seldom 位于句首起强调作用, 需用倒装句型. 即将助动词提到主语的前面, 构成: seldom + 助动词 + 主语 + 动词 + ... (2) 要考虑 ever since 引导的状语从句其主句中的时态——现在完成时态,其句式为:s + have / has + v-ed + ... + ever since + s + v + ... 类似的句子如: seldom have these scientists had a rest ever since they accepted the space-ship task. nowhere could we find such an attractive view. little did they do to stop the pollution. seldom does he go home on sundays. … 此题不仅很好地考查了倒装句式在 ever since 结构中的运用; 而且还兼顾考查了 ever since 结构中主句的谓语时态,区分度较高,可谓一箭双雕.但此题难度高达 0.2. 33 题 考查定语从句. 答案为:in which/where i grew up 类似的句子如: the village in which/where i was born was very beautiful. the city in which/where i received college education was very cold in winter and very hot in summer. … 此题考查了定语从句和动词短语 grow up,但太简单,区分度一般.如果要考这一类型的定 语从句,将先行词改为 point, position, situation 或 way 等区分度可能高一些. 34 题 考查 it 的用法. 答案为:it cost me 类似的句子如: it cost me much to repair the car. it cost them 5000 dollars to complete this project. … 在中学英语中,it 的用法较多.此题 it 是代替不定式 to buy the painting 作形式主语. 此题把 it 作为考查对象,可以起到"指挥棒"的作用.因为 it 的用法较多,在实际语言运 用中灵活多变,英语学习者必须掌握. 35 题 考查 wish 接宾语从句,句中谓语动词应当用恰当的虚拟语气形式. 答案为:hadn't forced me 即表达与过去事实相反的愿望. 类似的句子如: i wish i hadn't driven my car out. how i wish i hadn't received her invitation. … 此外,还有表达与现在事实相反和将来情况可能相反的愿望.例如: i wish i were a millionaire. i wish i knew more about the subject. how i wish it wasn't raining. she wished she had stayed at home. i earnestly wish that i could have gone with you. she wishes that she could do something to comfort him. … 此题考查了 wish 接宾语从句中谓语动词的虚拟语气形式, 看似简单, 实则较难 (难度 0.24) . 考生要把握 wish 表达的愿望与过去情况相反的虚拟语气形式.此题区分度较好. 36 题 考查了动词 have 的"使役"用法. 答案为:have/get your car washed 类似的句子如: — what are you going to do? — i'm going to have my watch repaired. she will have her long hair cut short. 动词 have 的"使役"用法有三种形式: (1) s + have/get + sb./sth. + doing ... (2) s + have/get + sb. + do sth. (3) s + have/ get + sb./sth. + done. 例如: they had the horse running all the way. whom do you want to have tidy up the lab? you look so pale; you'd better have your body examined. … 此题将动词 have 的"使役"用法的考查内容放在实际对话中进行考查,落实了考纲中有关 "注重交际"的考试原则. 37 题 考查了关系代词 what 引导的宾语从句. 答案为:what my hometown will be / look like 类似的句子如:how happy i am. my hometown is no longer what it used to be 10 years ago. he has changed a lot. he looks no longer what he was. he was shocked at the news. you can't imagine what he looked like then. … 关系代词 what 除了引导宾语从句还引导主语和表语从句. 此题选材角度好,区分度高,将积极引导考生重视名词性从句的学习. 38 题 考查了 it 的强调句型,即 it is/was + 被强调部分 + that-clause. 答案为:that determine 类似的句子如: it is you, not your sister that are responsible for the accident. it was tom that broke the window. it was in the second world war that einstein was forced to leave his home country. … 此题设计得十分巧妙,不仅考了强调句,而且考了主谓一致问题.但此题难度太高(0.14)主 要原因是考生对 that 的功能和句子结构没有理解. 39 题 考查了情态动词 must 用于推断性用法. 答案为:have stayed up 类似的句子如: it must have been raining/have rained last night, for the ground is still wet. she still looks pale.she must have been ill. 此外,must 用于推断性用法还有另外两种形式: (1) s + must + be + adj./ n. (2) s + must + be doing + sth. 例如: —where is jack? —he must be ill at home. —who broke the glass? —it must be tom. —have you seen our english teacher? —he must be going through the test papers in his office. … 此题的设计与样题一致, 考查了情态动词 must 表推断性用法. 情态动词的用法一直是中学 英语学习的难点,此题的考查势必指引考生加深和拓宽对这一语法的学习与研究. 40 题 考查了现在进行时的被动语态. 答案为:are being transported 类似的句子如: don't drive this way, for the bridge ahead is being repaired. at present, the famous writer's works are being translated into several foreign languages. … 时态和语态一直是中学英语语法的重要内容.进行时的被动语态是其中一个难点,此题的考 查体现了考纲对这一语法内容的要求. 总体上看, 年完成句子题有以下特色: (1)题目从中学英语教学的实际出发,紧扣大纲和教材的基本目标,将"回归教学"的口号 落到实处.把考核的重点放在" 双基"和语言运用能力的技巧上,并突出对常用句式和短语 的考查.这与湖北省 年高考补充说明的要求一致,体现了较好的导向性.如:32 题倒 装句,33 题定语从句,34 题 it 作形式主语句式,35 题 wish 带宾语从句的虚拟语气, 37 题 what 关系代词引导的宾语从句,38 题强调句等. (2)难度控制比去年好.整体难度不大,但 32 题,35 题,38 题的难度系数分别高达 0.20, 0.24 和 0.14. 题目大多取材于教材中的常用语法和词汇, 但仍然全面地考查了中学英语的基 本语法项目.题目时代气息浓厚,人文特色明显,贴近学生实际.如:32 题,37 题,38 题 和 40 题等. (3) 强调对常用动词短语的考核力度并将其放在特定的语言环境中考查.如:35 题:force sb. to do sth.;36 题:have / get sb./sth. done;39 题:stay up 等. 3 复习方法与对策 英语课程的总目标是培养学生的综合语言运用能力,而语言知识和语言技能则是综合语言运 用能力的基础.基础语法作为语言知识中的五大组成部分之一,是为培养学生语言技能服务 的.因此,语法(句法和词法)必定是高中英语教学和高考中的一个重要的组成部分.中学英 语语言教学的目的是使学生通过学习词汇,句型和基础语法知识去体验和感悟语言,通过进 行听,说,读,写等语言实践活动,达到培养学生基本语言技能,进而培养学生的综合语言 运用能力,最终能实现正确运用英语进行交际的目的. 语言学家克拉申(krashen, s.)认为,学习是有意识地掌握外语语法规则的过程.国内也有 学者明确指出: "心理语言学家认为,语法是语言的核心,若没有语法,就无法构成语言" . 因此,中国学生要掌握英语就必须学习,掌握基础英语语法. 鉴于此,湖北省英语高考完成句子考查的语法内容可能体现为以下方面: 现在进行时表示将来, 一般将来时, 现在完成时, 现在进行时的被动语态, 动词的-ing 形式, 动词的被动语态,状语从句和定语从句,名词性从句,间接引语,主谓一致,省略,倒装, 强调,感叹句,情态动词表推断性用法以及虚拟语气等.另外,常用动词短语和惯用法的识 记, 理解以及在具体语言环境中的分辨和灵活运用等也是此大题常考查的内容. 动词 + 介 如: 词结构,介词的复合宾语结构,there be 结构和独立主格结构等. 针对完成句子的命题特点和中学英语的语法知识,要想达到理想的复习效果,可采用以下方 法: (1) "观察—发现—讨论—归纳—巩固—运用"语法常规复习法 每一单元用一段时间运用 "观察—发现—归纳" 法对某一单元的重点语法项目进行专项突破. 例如,当涉及一些较难,较复杂的语法项目时,要观察课本中的相关例句后,进而通过"观 察—对比—讨论—归纳—巩固—运用" ,达到学习掌握某个语法规则的复习目标. (2) "集中呈现—对比分析—专项梳理—巩固运用"语法阶段复习法 到阶段复习时,可将本单元所涉及的语法内容加上以前单元学过的相关内容进行集中,通过 对比,归纳进行专项梳理,并加以巩固和运用.以上方法在第一轮和第二轮复习阶段时运用 效果好. (3)结构分析法 句子结构复杂, 迷惑性大, 这时需要仔细分析, 弄清句子结构. 为了快捷, 准确地理解题意, 去掉插入语或附加成分,就会迅速找出答案.有时为了使语言生动,自然,简洁,英语句子 经常采用省略形式.答题时要尽可能把省略部分补全分析. (4)句式转化法 把有些复合句,被动句,倒装句,强调句等转化成便于理解的简单句,主动句,陈述句等. 对于有些题来说,若找准关键的提示词, (如 but, and, otherwise, before 等)就会迎刃而 解. 另外,在高考备考冲刺阶段,要强化时态,语态,情态动词,非谓语动词在各种句式中的运 用训练.如: (1) it is jack's red tie ______________(不相配) his white shirt. (match) 分析:此句 it 位于句首,动词 match 直接带宾语 his white shirt.运用以上方法(3) "结 构分析法"不难观察出:这是一个强调句.即答:that doesn't match (2) those flowers were so sweet that they ______________(早已卖完) in no time before we arrived there.(sell) 分析: 运用以上方法 "句式转化法" (4) 可以看出, 此句的关键提示词是 before. "... before we arrived there."中的动词 arrived 是过去时态,由此可知空格处"早已卖完"要用过 去完成时态;又 flowers 与 sell 构成被动关系.即答:had been already sold out (3)______________(觉得滑稽)watching their performances on tv.(feel) 分析: "watching their performances on tv "是 v-ing 结构作主语,那么,句首就用 it 作 形式主语,代替 watching their performances on tv.即答:it felt funny 其次,要以句型为突破口,强化各种句型的训练,尤其是对特殊句式的训练.例如强调句, 倒装句,感叹句,虚拟句,介词的复合结构,独立主格结构等.可采取"练—评—考"的模 式进行.如: ( 4 ) hardly __________________( 他 们 刚 一 到 达 )the station when the train left.(arrive) 分析:否定副词 hardly 位于句首,用倒装句.又 "... when the train left"中的动词 是 left 过去式,主句用过去完成时.即答:had they arrived at. (5) she ________________(是我的好朋友) should help her.(be) ,i 分析: should help her"是一完整句子,在语法关联上和"she ______________(是我 "i 的好朋友) 没有直接联系,由此可知它是独立主格结构.即答:being my close friend " (6) examination ________________(明天要举行),i have no time to go out with you.(hold) 分析: had no time to go out with you"是一个完整句子,在语法关联上和"examination "i ______________(明天要举行) 没有直接联系, 由此可知它是独立主格结构; examination 又 与 hold 是被动关系,不定式的被动语态可表将来.即答:to be held tomorrow 总之,像这样类似的训练要条理化,序列化,清晰化.只有这样,才能举一反三,触类旁通. 4 结束语 近年来,虽然语法考查降低了难度,但由于语法面广量大,比较复杂,同学们对其感到十分 困惑,常常失分较多.因此,首先,学生必须一方面要在语法学习上不钻牛角尖,另一方面 要重视它,确保熟练掌握语法的基本用法.实际上,在基础教育阶段的英语教学中,花在语 法教学上的精力还是相当多的, 其根本原因就在于中英两种语言的语法结构不同. 经验证明, 要学好一门外语必须依据语言规则进行有意识的学习.况且,做完形填空和阅读理解题的时 候,要想对长句,难句的进行正确分析,若无坚实的语法基础是无法做到的.做完成句子与 书面表达时,语法的重要性更是十分突出.由此可见,对语法知识切不可掉以轻心.其次, 要熟记词汇和动词短语.学习英语必须掌握一定的词汇量和动词短语,词汇量少了文章看不 懂, 句子写不出. 所以必须狠下决心攻克词汇关. 《高考英语词汇表》 所列词汇很多, 记忆时, 要词不离句,句不离段,段不离篇.只有这样,胸中装有许多美文佳句,做"完成句子"就 会轻而易举了.