Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
2021虹口一模Something to Boast about
Are your information data safe and reliable?
In an ideal world such data, however informative and exploratory they are, (21)ascientific study is based on should be, if not publicly available, then at least available to other researchers. Sadly, this is not always the case.
Many scientists are still quite unwilling to have their data revealed though attitudes are changing. This attitude, (22)selfish, is understandable.
But sometimes it can cover a darker secret. The statistics presented in a paper may have been controlled to achieve a desired result. The author may, in other words, have cheated. If he releases the data, that cheating will be obvious.
Now Scan Wilncr and his colleagues (23)(come) up with a way of reconstructingall the possible data sets that could have given rise to that result, which includes
(24) _____ (release) the data. And they call the way CORVIDS (Complete Recovery ofValues in Diophantine Systems).
(25) ______ (simplify) the task of spotting abnormal data, CORVIDS turns the possibledata sets into a three-dimensional (三维的)chart. This makes any unusual patterns apparent. For example, every (26)(reconstruct) data set may be missing values at one end of the
scale. That might make sense occasionally. Generally, though, such a gap would be a red flag. It would suggest either that the statistics were reported incorrectly or (27)there wereproblems with the fundamental data.
CORVIDS is likely to be (28) immediate value to editors and reviewers atacademic journals, who will be able to spot problems with papers early, and so discuss them with the authors. If an unresolvable problem (29)show up, then the technique can be five-year-olds can start using a pencil between the first and middle fingers and thumb, as adults can.
The elementary school years and beyond sec (27)(advanced) fine motor skills,such as when
children learn to tie shoes between 5 and 6 years old. At about age 7,
(28) (improve) performance can be amazingly witnessed. However, every childdevelops at their own pace. If a single milestone, such as using eating utensils(餐具), (29) (delay), it isn't necessarily cause for concern.
In fact, when working on fine motor skills in the classroom, short lessons provide the most benefit for learning,. Play-based leaming is also one of the strategies that are prefened. Teachers may also use hand-eye coordination — the ability of a child's eyes(control) their hands and fingers - to work with children to improve fine motor
skills. Using computers, especially a keyboard and mouse, also helps younger children with fine motor skills.
答案21. where 22. that 23. They 24. Watching 25. According to 26. As 27. more advanced 28. improved 29. is delayed 30.to control2021普陀一模
Billionaires Race to Space
In late July 2021, Jeff Bezos achieved an out-of-this-world ambition. The billionaire founder of Amazon (21)(fly) to the edge of space — 62 miles (100 kilometers)above Earth's surface — on a rocket designed by his company Blue Origin.
\"Best day ever,\" Bezos said over the radio to mission control after landing safely back on Earth, (22)others weren't so impressed. They called the mission an enormous wasteof money. Bezos, they argued, (23)be spending his billions to improve things on Earth.
Bezos wasn't the first billionaire to set his sights on space. Nor was he the first (24) (criticize) about wasting enormous personal wealth. A week (25) theAmazon founder made history, business owner Richard Branson did, too. Branson became the first person to fly to space on a rocket he helped fund, (26)(develop) by his company Virgin Galactic.
Critics say that the money (27)(go) toward commercial space travel would bebetter spent on (28)they see as more important pursuits. These include working to
cure diseases, reducing poverty, and helping to solve the climate crisis. Besides, launching spacecrafts is harmful to the planet, critics declare. (29)naturalist Holly Haworthpointed out in Sierra magazine, “traveling in rockets is arguably the most carbon-emitting thing an individual can do.\"
But supporters of commercial space travel argue that it docs benefit humanity. Personal funds (30) (put) toward high-paying jobs and a new industry. That's money theycould have spent on new limousines or villas for themselves, supporters say. Plus, their companies are investing in new technologies that increase access to space and drive innovation in other areas as well.
答案21. Hew 22. but (while/although/ though) 23. should/ could 24. to be criticized 25. before
26. developed 27. going 28. what (those/ whatever/something/ anything)29. As 30 are being put/ have been put/ are put2021青浦一模
Lost at sea
Two men from the Solomon Islands have been rescued after spending 29 days lost at sea. The men21(travel) to another island when heavy rain and wind took them outto sea. The two men survived on oranges they had packed, coconuts they found in the sea and by gathering rainwater.
T look forward to going back home 22 I guess it was a nice break from everything,one of the men, Livae Nanjikana, told The Guardian.
Nanjikana and Junior Qoloni took off from Mono Island on Sept. 3 in a motorboat to travel 200 km to Noro on New Georgia Island. However, soon after they set out, their boat was hit by heavy winds and rain, which made unclear the coastline they were following 23a guide.
\"When the bad weather came, it was bad, but it was24(bad) and became scarywhen the GPS died,” he said. uWe couldn't see where we were going and so we just decided to stop the engine and wait,25(save) fUeL\"
When the rain had finally passed, Nanjikana and Qoloni had already drifted far out to sea. They spent the next 29 days 26(live) off of limited supplies and by gatheringrainwater with27they could make use of to keep themselves alive.
A fisherman found and rescued the two men on Oct. 2 off the coast of New Britain, Papua New Guinea, about 400 km from28they had started.
Nanjikana and Qoloni29(bring) to a local health clinic for treatment and arestaying temporarily with a local man, Joe Kolealo, until they30return home.
答案21. were travel(l)ing 22. but / though/although 23. as 24. worse 25. to save / saving 26. living
27. whatever / what /anything/everything/all 28. where 29. were brought / have been brought 3().can2021松江一模
Three Mvths About Skin
Wc put importance into caring for skin since it's the first thing other people see. Skin might be one of the least correctly (21)(interpret) parts of our bodies. So today, I'dlike to run through three myths we have about skin.
Myth No. 1: Healthy skin is skin that looks perfect. When we talk of healthy skin, we (22)think of a clear and smooth surface. But skin is a living organ, (23) heart or lungs and any other complex organ, serving many functions, not just about what's going on at the surface.
Myth No. 2: You only need sunscreen on sunny days. UV rays from the sun are so strong that (24)damage our cells' DNA. There are two types that affect the skin. UVA raysdamage protein in skin, quickening the pace of aging. UVB rays, meanwhile, cook the outer layer of the skin, causing sunburn. (25)our cells can repair that damage to some
extent, it accumulates over time, and can lead to skin cancer, When our skin(expose) to UV rays, it gets darker, which is the way of showing it's been
damaged. So by wearing sunscreen, even when it's cloudy, you are protecting yourself from sunburn, early aging and skin cancer.
Myth No. 3: You can shrink pores. Pores are the tiny openings in our skin. They'relet sweat cool you and oil smooth skin. Pore size is largely determined by
genes,(28)function is to carry information for particular characteristics, and rarelychanges. In other words, pores don't really shrink. So stop (29)(spend) your money
on pore minimizers and just wash your face with the products basically made from stuff that won't block pores.
Our skin is (30)amazing organ, so let's treat it right and forget about thosemyths, OK?
答案21. interpreted 22. might / may / will 23. like 24. they 25. While / Although / Though
26. is exposed 27. what 28. whose 29. spending 30. an2021徐汇一模
Alcohol is physically bad for you in any quantity; and the more you drink, the worse its health effects. The gigantic report on the subject (21)(publish) last week isauthoritative. It makes depressing reading —\"sobering\"(清醒)would be the wrong word here, not least (22)few people are likely to change their behaviour as a result. But it is
difficult to argue with the conclusions. The report was based on enormous amounts of data: 28 million people around the world were examined in 592 studies to estimate the health risks, while the popularity of drinking was estimated using a further 694 studies. Some of the effects of large-scale drinking are really shocking. Around the world today, alcohol is responsible for 20% of the deaths in the 15 to 49 age group.
The variety of ways in which alcohol can kill or damage people comes as a shock. In the poorest countries, its primary means of damage is through TB(结核)；(23)countriesgrow more developed, the damage shifts to cancer and heart disease. It is the trade-off between cancer and heart disease (24)leads the researchers to reject the notion that
moderate drinking has health benefits: they find that the increased risk of cancers outweighs the diminished risk of heart disease among middle-aged moderate drinkers.
Perhaps (25)(suiprising) single finding is that two-thirds of the world'spopulation don't drink at all. They manage without a drug apparently essential to civilised life in the west. The question is (26)those of us in the other third should try to imitate
them. The researchers are unequivocal (明确 的).They want concerted(协力一致的) government action (27)(deliver) lower alcohol consumption, using many of the samemechanisms that (28) (implement) successfully against tobacco: price rises,
restrictions on advertising, (29)(limit) the availability of the drug. The report is rightthat many people (30)drink less than they do. Perhaps the real benefit of moderate
drinking is not that it protects the heart, but that it requires a little self-discipline.
答案21. published22.because 23. As/While/When 24. that 25. the most surprising
26. whether/if 27. to deliver 28. have been implemented 29. limiting 30. should2021杨浦一模
Repair Cafe
When things around the house stop working, what do you usually do with them? If you're (21)a lot of people, you probably just throw them away.
This tendency has led to the modern nickname: the throwaway culture. There are manyreasons for this trend. In some areas (22)it's difficult to find people who can make repairs, fixing things can be quite expensive. Also, some small appliances are so inexpensive that it's often much (23)(easy) to just buy a new one.
In 2009, Martine Postma from the Netherlands decided there must be a better way. Her solution was Repair Cafes: places where people can take damaged or (24)(tear) items.
There they will find tools, resources and volunteer experts who are willing to help with repairs.
Postma's first Repair Cafe opened on Oct. 18, 2009, in Amsterdam, and was a huge success. News of the cafe spread, and people began asking (25)they could start theirown. In 2011, Postma established the Repair Cafe Foundation. This nonprofit organization provides guidance to those hoping to begin their own neighborhood repair group.
Today, there are roughly 2,0(X) Repair Cafes around the world with meetings typically(occur) once a month. Around 25 objects per session are repaired. (27)is free, but donations are greatly appreciated.
Not only (28) the cafes provide help with repairs, they also strengthencommunity ties. Neighbors get to know one another as they work together on projects. In addition, valuable knowledge is passed along and preserved. Items are kept rather than thrown away, meaning less trash in landfills. (29)an average broken item weighs a kilo, it's
been estimated that 2,000 Repair Cafes prevent 35,00() kilos of trash every month. That (30)(add) up to about 420,000 kilos per year!
答案21. like 22. where 23. easier 24. torn 25. how/whcthcr/if 26. occurring 27.Everything/AH 28. do 29. If 3(). adds /will add2021长宁一模
Accenting Accents
To be a \"slasher”，a person with multiple occupations, is a recent popular concept among young Chinese. However, Xu Kaifei (21)(do) this since 20 years ago.
Born and brought up in Haikou, Hainan Province in South China, Xu is a now newmedia journalist. But the 36-year-old, (22)stage-name is Jin'anzai, is better known as a rapper (说唱歌手).
Xu's high school years were filled with pop songs from Hong Kong, (23)(write)in the Cantonese dialect, which is mostly spoken in south China, including Hong Kong. (24)(listen) to them, he realized that few people used the Hainan dialect to write
songs. In 2008, he wrote a rap song, Domldoml, meaning (25)to do in Hainanese.
\"Hainancsc is not a systematic language. It is difficult to rhyme (押韵)when rapping. But the artist wrote good words. Also, the genre (类型)of this song is advanced, many years ahead of today's Hip Hop trend,\" a music fan posted on NctEase Cloud Music, a music platform set up by Internet technology giant NetEase, commenting (26)Xu's effort.
(26) ______ Xu's social media account has only about 26,000 followers, much less thanfamous pop stars' accounts, he is still proud of his music because (28)records his
hometown's beautiful dialect. Over 80 percent of the population in Hainan speak Hainanese, according to the website of the Hainan Provincial Government. In 2019, over 9 million people (29)(estimate) to live in Hainan.
Today, more and more songs and films are including dialects. It not only creates an artistic effect but also guides dialect speakers (30)(rediscover) their language. Suchartistic offerings can break geographical limitations and win the appreciation of people in other areas.
答案21. has been doing 22. whose 23. written 24. Listening 25. what
26. on 27. Although/Though/Whilc 28. it 29. were estimated 30. to rediscover2021金山/奉贤一模
How do you define success?
What do you think a successful person is? Someone who makes a lot of money? Someone who is remembered by future generations? Or someone who changes the world? Avolunteer teacher and his students came to remind us of our more humble measures of success. Liang Jun sang the poem
alongside a group of his students from the incredibly poor Wu Meng Mountain region in southwest China. The poem, by the famous poet Yuan Mci,(21)
(entitle) Moss (苔).The message goes like this: (22)it is tiny, seemingly insignificantand has worse conditions for growth, moss is able to grow and flourish just like the peony.
In the modern world, more and more individuals from rural areas (23)(flood)into cities to find success. With this wave of urbanization, competition for jobs, love and just about everything else is fierce. Ordinary people (24)(lack) connections, a desirable
appearance or other desired qualities can often feel frustrated with their circumstances. The poem serves as a reminder fbr everyone (25)wc don't have to be the peony.
When we study human history, we come across names like Genghis Khan, Neil Armstrong and Mao Zedong. We credit these individuals with tremendous achievements, but we tend to forget the countless individuals (26)helped them achieve greatness.
Mongol leader Genghis Khan wouldn't have been able to conquer half of Europe and Asia (27)his incredible army. Nor could Chainnan Mao have possibly built the People'sRepublic of China by (28). So, is it truly necessary for our names (29)(write)
down in history books? Most people will likely forget about Liang Jun and his brief appearance on CCTV. However, everyone(30)(inspire) will remember his message.
They will take heart from his inspirational words, and open their own paths in life. The poem Moss may live longer in our memories and inspire many future generations to achieve their measures of success.
答案21. is entitled 22. though, although, while 23. are flooding, have been flooding
24. lacking 25. that 26. who, that27. without 28. himselfto be written 30. inspired
applied to previous work by the author in question, to see if anything systematic is going on. But its speed makes it a useful first step. If the data sets (30)finds do not showany strange patterns, CORVIDS is unlikely to show oddness, either.
Anyway, the trustworthiness of scientific papers will take a step up with CORVIDS.
答案21. as 22. though / although 23. have come 24. releasing 25. To simplify 26. reconstructed 27. that 28. of 29. does 3(). it2021宝山一模
Rising To the Challenge
Cyclists must dig deep to complete whafs been called the toughest climb in the world. They race up to Wuling Peak to the finish line in the King of the Mountain (KOM) Challenge. Every October some of the world's best cyclists battle (21)the title. Starting at sealevel, the route climbs to a height of 3, 275 meters at the end, covering 105 kilometers.
Ever since I started cycling seven years ago, completing the KOM climb(be) a goal of mine. Every year I thought that I needed to prepare for it and used that as my excuse. But
(22) _______ (look) back, I realize I would have been fine. Cycling uphill was noproblem for me then- it was thrilling. Now it's exhausting.
Last summer I finally decided to take on Wuling with some friends. Our 89-kilometerroute started at the base of the mountain and was a little shorter than the official KOM race.
But it's the final 10 kilometers (24)are the most demanding: This is the steepestpart, (25)makes the climb so hard.
We began early in the morning as a group of 17 riders. But only three of us would make itto the top. A support car was necessary, especially on a ride like this, (26)(help) keep us energetic.
The first part of the ride went through Taroko Valley, a magnificent park. I've hiked there,. I've always wanted to bike it. I saw dramatic rocky outcrops, canyons,
waterfalls and forests as I zipped through the valley and up the mountain road. Even though itwas August, the weather was perfect. Unfortunately, the support car that carried our lunch
(27) (delay). By the time it arrived, I was starving. Being consumed of energy evenfor that short time affected the rest of my ride. When the hard last 10 kilometers arrived, I
really struggled to complete them. At one point I (29)see how close the top of thepeak was, but it still felt so far away. Fortunately, determination carried me to the finish. (30)(exhaust), I conquered Wuling! What a tremendous feeling!
答案21. for 22. has been 23. looking 24. that 25. which 26. to help 27. but 28. was delayed 29. could 3(). Exhausted2021崇明一模
Artists Show Concern for Environment at Smithsonian Craft Show
The United Nations says more than one million plant and animal species are likely to dieout because of human activity. That threat (21)the environment and concerns about
climate change influenced people attending the Smithsonian Craft Show last month. The showgave recognition to artists (22)(create) environmentally sustainable works.
The Smithsonian Committee is made up of volunteers from the Washington, D.C. area. Joann Symons is the group's president, \"in recent years, we've noticed that the artists in ourshows have been working with more renewable materials and methods (23)are
environmentally safe. That's (24)we've decided that we will reward those effortsby offering a Sustainability Award every year at our show,\" said Symons.
At the show last month, 120 artists from across the United States presented works of artin 12 different materials. Twenty-one artists met the requirements for sustainability. By doing
so, they won the right (25)(compete) for the Honoring the Future SustainabilityAward. The winner received a prize of 1,000 dollars.
Mary Jaeger creates her works of art in a nearly 100-year-old factory building inBrooklyn, New York. She makes artworks that (26) be worn as clothing. It
combines the time-honored qualities of Japanese textiles with modern Western designs.
Jaeger won the \"Honoring the Future Sustainability Award” fbr her silk creations. She makesthem by hand, combining earlier projects with materials (27)(leave) over. The artist
said, \"(28) I look at these beautiful silks that I have acquired over the years ofdesigning, I wanted to repurpose them into something that was truly beautiful, but completely different than the original product...\"
Fran Dubrowski (29)(head) Honoring the Future, a nonprofit organization thatprovides the sustainability award. She said the group (30)(set) up to take advantage of the power of art to educate and engage the public on climate change.
答案
21. to22. creating 26. can27. left2021黄浦一模
23. that / which 24. why 28. When / As 29. heads
Do Animals Dream?
25. to compete
30. was set / had been set
You can't see your sleeping pet's brain waves, but its behavior can tell you when Fido or Fluffy might be dreaming. If you watch closely, you'll see that as your cat falls asleep, her breathing becomes slow and regular and her body still. She has entered the first stage of sleep,(call) slow-wave sleep. After about 15 minutes you'll notice a change
(21) her eyes move under her closed lids. Fluffy has entered the REM(Rapid EyeMovement), or dreaming, stage of sleep. Although she moves and makes little grunting noises, messages from her brain to the large muscles in her legs (23)(block), so she can't run about.
Back in 1963, Michel Jouvet, a French scientist who was studying sleep in cats,(interrupt) their sleep paralysis, the state of being unable to act or function
properly. (25)they were completely asleep, the dreaming cats began to chase balls that Jouvet couldn't see and bent their backs at invisible enemies. He figures he was watching them act out their dreams!
What were they dreaming about? Mostly, the dreaming cats seemed (26)(practise) important cat skills: stalking, pouncing, and fighting.
In (27)study, Matt Wilson, a neuroscientist, recorded rats' brain waves whilethey learned mazes(迷宫).One day, he left the brain-wave-recording machine on while the rats fell asleep. The pattern of brain waves in the sleeping rats matched the pattern from the maze so closely that Wilson
could locate exactly which part of the maze each rat was dreaming about!
Many researchers now think that in both people and animals, one purpose of drcams is to practise important skills and nail down recent learning. This may explain why so many people dream about fighting and escaping, skills (28)were probably vitally important toour ancestors, and why dreaming affects our ability to learn.
Do all animals dream? From looking at the brain waves of sleeping animals, scientists think that all mammals dream, such as humans, dogs, lions, and whales, but fishnot. (They're not sure about birds.)
How often animals dream seems to be tied to body size. Cats dream about every 15 minutes, mice every 9 minutes, and elephants every 2 hours. And though cows and horses usually sleep standing up, they only dream when (30)(lie) down.
答案21. called 22. that 23. are blocked 24. interrupted 25. Even though/Even if 26. to be practising 27. another 28. that/which 29. do 30. lying2021嘉定一模
How Quality Sleep Protects Your Brain
Having trouble thinking creatively? Not able to focus on tasks that need to get done? Poor sleep could potentially be (21)(blame). Il turns out lack of sleep can do anumber on your brain—and not just in the short term.
Research suggests not getting enough quality sleep can have serious permanent negative consequences. On the other hand, good sleep habits can have lasting benefits. Below are three research-backed brain benefits of sleep.
Stimulates creativity
Thinking in new, imaginative ways requires a we 11-rested brain. On the contrary, a brain (22)(suffer) from a lack of sleep is unable to think creatively.
A study (23)(report) in the journal Nature bears this out. For the study,participants learned a task (24) they had to recognize a hidden pattern in the
questions they were asked. Their initial training (25)(follow) by eight hours ofnighttime sleep or wakefulness or daytime wakefulness.
More than twice as many participants gained insight into the hidden rule after sleep as those who did after wakefulness, regardless of the time of day. The researchers concluded that \"sleep, by restructuring new memory representations, (26)(facilitate) obtaining ofexpressive knowledge and insightful behavior.\"
Reduces depression
Often influenced by chemical imbalances in the brain, depression and sleep problems go hand-in-hand. People with depression may either have a hard time sleeping or else get too much sleep.
While it's not clear (27) lack of sleep causes depression, it can worsen it.
Studies show people who sleep fewer than six or more than nine hours a night arc more likely to be depressed than those (28)between.
Solidifies memories
One of sleep's main functions is to help improve memory. It does this by enabling the brain to strengthen some neural pathways (神经通路)(29)reducing those it doesn'tneed. For example, your brain (30)(not need) to keep every sensory impression collected during your waking hours.
答案21. to blame 22. suffering 23. reported 24. where 25.was followed 26. facilitates 27. whcthcr/if 28. in 29. while 30. doesn't need2021静安一模
Rereading is a guilty pleasure for many readers. How can a keen reader abandon his to-be- read list and waste time with a book he already knows? At the same time, according to many experts, the act of rereading (21)(regard), without doubt, as the only way totruly understand a text.
Academics most often discuss the benefit of rereading as a way to gain deep understandings of complex texts and of the self. Teachers of early reading-age children agree that rereading improves understanding beyond basic words. For adults, rereading is necessary to understanding a text well so that good critical arguments (22)be made.
Rereading helps to build a better understanding of a book (23)rereading, manyreaders find it impossible to appreciate a writer's subtle talents or to comprehend a text's inner ideas and themes.
Rereading is also an act of self-reflection. The practice of purposeful rereading in (24)creates a kind of self-consciousness. Since the book never changes, it functionsas a constant(恒量)(25)can be
used to measure the reader's growth. It is a way to
re-examine the reader himself and the changes he (26)(undergo) since the initialreading.
Of course, there are possible drawbacks to rereading as well. Rereading takes time,(draw) the readers away from their to-bc-rcad list. And it's hard to imagine
(27) frustrating it can be if a beloved book falls short of your rosy memories inrereading.
According to David Galef, emotions like pleasure, excitement, and curiosity cause the reader to rush through a story and pass over the inner complexity (29)(appreciate) in re-readings, and yet they are also important elements that may be dulled by those repeatedreadings. Furthermore, (30)your rereading is focused and intentional about gaining new thoughts, it may not result in improved understanding.
答案21.is regarded 22. can 23. Without 24. itself 25. which/that 26. has undergone 27. drawing 28. how 29. appreciated 3(). unless2021闵行一模
The UK government recently has made a plan to reduce waste that shifts the responsibility for disposal (处置)from the state to the companies that make it.
The legislation (法律条文)requires waste producers to pay into the system (21)or through their suppliers. That is (22) the government called a Polluter Pays
Principle. Simply (23)(state), the Polluter Pays Principle implies that the costsassociated with pollution are to be paid by polluters, not by government or society. Businesses will have to change their waste processing before the tax comes into effect. This is similar to the anti-waste legislation passed in France in February 2020 (24) forbids the
producers to destruct the unsold clothing, cosmetics, and electrical products. Companies will have to reuse or recycle the items.
The demand for legislation like the tough attitude the UK (25)(take) has beenincreasing according to Positive News. And it is not just environmental groups calling for the changes. This is a consumer driven movement and people are willing to pay more for sustainable brands. In the past year alone, sales of consumer goods from brands with a demonstrated commitment to sustainability have grown more than 4% globally, (26)
those without grew less than 1 %.
What is absolutely certain is that local governments will save a lot of money as the responsibility shifts to the polluters. That could be (27)(good) invested in things like social care or parks or libraries. Other countries have already made great progress in reducing waste. So far, Sweden's anti-waste program is so efficient that the whole country is runningout of trash. The (28)(recycle) rate is almost 99 percent and they are rapidly approaching zero waste.
In many countries, kitchen and gardening waste makes up of the biggest part of waste. This type of waste, (29)collected separately, can be turned into an energy source orfertilizer.
(28) _____________ the differences in policies and regulations, one thing is clear:
governments are sharing a common concept that the prevention of environmental damage should be based on concrete principles and solid actions.
答案21. themselves 22. what 23. stated24. that / which 25. is taking / takes / has taken
26. while 27. better 28. recycling 29. when / if 30. Regardless of2021浦东一模
Children's Fine Motor Skills
Using a fork to eat, zipping up a sweatshirt and turning a doorknob are all things most people do without thinking, but children spend their early years developing and refining these abilities. They are known as fine motor skills, (21)the small muscles of the handswith adequate strength, dexterity(灵巧)and coordination(协调)to grasp and control objects and used. It is firmly believed (22)later, fine motor skills do help children to succeed in school. (23)are also important in day-to-day life.
(24)(watch) a baby use their uncoordinated arms and legs might be adorable,but these early reactions are practice for the fine motor skills they'll eventually develop. (25)Stephanie Reich, a professor of the University of California, toddlers need to
increase the coordination of fine movements in the preschool years. (26)childrengrow older, these fine motor skills will improve and become more complex. For example, a 4-year-old may hold a
crayon with their fist, using their whole hand to draw. But
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