can和be able to的区别
can没有将来式和完成式,因此在shall,will,have等后面,要用be able to: It will be to speak Jpanese in another few months. 再过几个月我就会说日语了。
he has not been able to get there before dark. 他没在天黑前赶到那里。
can与be able to 不能重叠使用: 他能做好这件事。
误:he can be able to do it well. 正:he can[或is able to]do it well.
【以后我每天发一条单词用法,你记到来】 friend,companion和acquaintance
acquaintance熟人;尤指在工作和事业中认识的人: a nodding acquaintance点头之交
companion同伙,伙伴;是指共同参加某种活动或某种情况下同甘共苦的人: a travelling companion旅伴
a companion in despair患难之交
friend朋友;是关系密切感情较深者: a trusted friend知己
accept【接受】与receive【收到】
receive是客观上的收到,而accept是主观上接受: I receive his invitation but did not accept.
我收到了他的请帖,但并没有接受他的邀请 go fishing钓鱼 go shopping购物 go hiking登山 go hunting去打猎 go shooting去射击 go bathing去沐浴 go skating去滑冰 go swimming去游泳 go for a walk去散步 go for a doctor去请医生 go tby与near
by就在...旁边【比near较近】 We live by the sea. 我们就住在海边。【可以看见大海】 near在...附近
We live near the sea.
我们住在靠近大海的地方。【也许看不见大海】
表示交通方式的介词by,on和in 1.当交通工具前无限定修饰时,介词只能用by。当交通工具前有冠词或形容词性物主代词所1
少年易学老难成,一寸光阴不可轻 -
限定时,介词可用on,也可用in,但不可用by.比较: by bus =on a bus=in a bus[公交车] by car =on a car=in a car[汽车] by train =on a train=in a train[火车 by boat=on a boat=in a boat[船]
2.‘ 骑自行车 ’不用in, ‘乘宇宙飞船’不用on: by bike=on a[或one's]bike
by spaceship=in a spaceship[飞船]
如果交通工具前有具体的重点时间修饰,介词用by或on皆可: I will go on[或by]the 9 o'clock train. 我乘9点钟的火车去。 o a doctor去看医生。。already,still和yet
already已经;惊讶某事发生的时间比预期的早,在疑问句中表示意外、惊讶的程度更强些: The tea is already cold. 茶已经凉了。
IS the tea cold already?That's too quick. 茶已经凉了吗?真太快了。
still仍;惊讶某事仍在继续,比预期结束的晚: The tea is still hot. 茶仍然热着。 yet尚(未),已经;用于否定句和疑问句中,用来谈预期发生的事情: The tea is not cold yet. 茶还没凉。
Is the tea cold yet? 茶凉了吗?
also,aswell,too和either
also较正式,位置通常接近动词,不用于句末: He also plays piano. 他也弹钢琴。
too多用于口语,位置通常在句末,前边常有逗号;也可以在句中,前后都有逗号: He is a worker,too. 他也是个工人。
as well也多用于口语,只用于句末: He plays the guitar as well. 他也弹吉他。
以上3个词都不用于否定句,否定句中用(not...)either: He was not there either. 他也不在那里。
几个特殊并列连词的用法
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少年易学老难成,一寸光阴不可轻 -
表示并列关系的and,or,as well as,not only ...but also...(不但...而且...)等连词也有比较灵活的用法 1.and
and作并列连词有多种含义,除了可以表示并列关系之外,还可以表示顺承,目的,条件,反复等关系。
He went to the market [and ] bought some vegetables.表示顺承,动作发生的前后 他到市场买了一些蔬菜。
Come [and] help me out.表示目的 过来帮我一下。
Be careful [and] you'll make fewer mistakes.表示条件 仔细点,你犯的错误就少一些。
He talked [and] talked [and] talked until late into the night.表示动作反复
他谈呀谈,一直谈到深夜。 2.or与either...or...
在表示选择关系时or与either...or...用法基本相同,但either...or...更具强调性。
在多个对象中进行选择时,可以用A or B or C...,
either A or B or C...,neither A nor B nor C...。 You can come [either] today [or] tomorrow.= You can come today [or] tomorrow. 你可今天来,也可以明天来。
[Either] Jim [or] Jack [or] Jeff knows about this. 要么是吉姆,要么是杰克,要么是杰夫知道这件事
He [neither] wrote to me,[nor] telephoned me [nor] came to see me.
他既没有给我写信,也没有给我打电话,也没来看我。 3.as well as与not only...but also... 【名词+as well as+名词】作主语时强调前面的名词,谓语动词要根据前面的名词而定。not only...but also...连接名词作主语时,强调后者,谓语动词要根据后面的名词而定。
China [as well as] many other countries loves peace. 中国和世界上的许多国家一样热爱和平。
[Not only] Bill [but also] his parents want to go traveling by bike.
不仅比尔而且他父母都想骑自行车去旅行。
【这次的内容很难看懂,要用心,不懂再问】
单独 与 孤独
alone表示‘单独、独自一人'不含感情色彩: She lives alone,but she doesn't feel lonely. 她独自住着,但并不感到孤独。
lonely指人孤独寂寞,指地方荒无人烟,有浓厚的伤感色彩,可作定语或表语: a lonely village 3
少年易学老难成,一寸光阴不可轻 -
孤独的村庄
lone指人孤独,指物是单独一个,是定语形容词: a lone tree in the garden 园里惟一的树
a lone figure trudging throught the snow 一个步履艰难独自走在雪地中的人 lonesome表示‘孤独的’、‘冷清的’,指使人感到寂寞孤独的情绪,可作定语或表语: She is lonesome without children. 孩子们不在,她觉得很寂寞。 say,tell,inform,speak和talk
say说,诉说;用系统的言语表达自己的想法,学语的婴儿虽能speak或talk,但不能say(宾语是话语,而非人,say sth.)
tell告诉,请传达某事给某人(常有双宾语,人和话语,tell sb.sth.) inform告诉,通知;tell的正式说法
speak说话,发言;意义广,可指系统的长篇大论或断断续续的说话 talk讲,谈话;指交流式说话
The baby is learning to speak(或talk). 婴儿在学说话。
He is speaking in public. 他在当众演讲。
What are you talking about? 你们在谈什么?
Did you want to say something to me?=Did you want to tell me something(或tell something to me)?
你有什么话要对我说吗?
scarce,rare,uncommon,unusual
scarce主要指有用的一般事物,但目前数量不够 rare通常指罕见而有价值的事物 uncommon}指因不经常发生 unusual }而值得注意的事物
Can you name some rare elements? 你能说出几种稀有元素吗? Water is scarce in the desert. 沙漠中缺水。
His family name is quite uncommen. 他的姓很少见。
It's no longer unusual for a girl to play football now. 今天女孩子踢毽子足球已经不再是什么稀罕事了。
older,oldest和elder,eldest
1.older,oldest泛指新旧、老幼或年龄大小关系;而elder,eldest主要用来表示兄弟姐妹及子女4
少年易学老难成,一寸光阴不可轻 -
之间的长幼关系:
He is the oldest boy in the class. 他是班上年龄最大的孩子。 The eldest son died last year. 最大的儿子去年去世了。
elder sister (daughter)姐姐(长女)
2.older,oldest既作定语又作表语;而elder,eldest常作定语: My elder brother is one year older than I. 我哥哥比我大一岁。
3.elder可用作名词,表示“年长的人”;而older 不可以用作名词: respect the elders敬老
【美】older,oldest常取代elder,eldest help
1.不及物动词①帮助,援助:Help me to lift the box.帮我把这箱子抬起来。\\help sb with sth或help sb(to) do sth②使进食,款待:Help yourself to the fruit.请随便吃点水果吧③治疗,补救④[与can、could连用]避免,阻止:I can't help crying.我忍不住哭了。 2.及物动词①有帮助,有用②[救命用语]Help.Help.
3.名词①帮助:Thanks for your kind help.谢谢你好意相助。②帮助,助手③治疗;挽救办法④helper帮手;佣工;帮助物
【短语:1.cannot help but不得不...:I cannot help but admire his courage.我不得不赞赏他的勇气.
2.help oneself (to sth)①自用(食物等):Help yourself to some fish.请随便吃点鱼吧。②擅自取用
3.help sb out帮助某人解决难题(或摆脱困难):I can't work out this math problem.Please help out.我做不出这道数学题,请帮我一下。 4.help sb with sth帮助某人做某事
5.(用在口语中)It can't be helped(或There is no help for it.)实在没办法 6.with the help of在...的帮助下】
assist与help的区别
assist帮助,援助;正式用语,受帮助者自己也出力:Students assisted professor in doing the experiment.学生协助教授做实验。
句型:assist sb with sth \o do sth\\in doing sth帮助某人做某事 help:帮助,常用语;受帮助者可以是出力者,也可以是不出力者:If he is in difficulties ,you help.如果他遇到困难,你就帮助他。
句型:help sb with sth 或(to)do sth帮助某人做某事
bring
1.及物动词。①带来;拿来:Bring me the book.或Bring the book to me.把那本书给我。②使(人)来到:What brings you here today?今天是什么风把你吹到这儿来的?③产生;引起;导致:Floods bring disater.洪水酿成灾害。④促使;劝
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少年易学老难成,一寸光阴不可轻 -
使:I can't bring myself to accept your offer.我可不能接受你的建议。⑤卖得(多少钱)⑥处于某种状态:Bring the car to a stop.使车停下来
2.不及物动词(船等)停下;到终点(to,up) 短语:
bring about带来;造成:bring about great changes带来巨大变化 bring back ①带回来;拿回来②使回忆起来③使恢复:bring sb back to health使某人恢复健康
bring down使倒下;使下降;打倒;击落:bring down the price降价 bring forth产生 bring (sth )forward①提出,提议:bring forward a new teaching method 提出了一项新的教学方法。②[同put forward ]提前
bring in①收(庄稼等):We have brought in a good harvest.我们获得了好收成。②提出;引进;引入;增加:Bring in a bill in Parliament.在会议上提出一项议案③获利;赚钱
bring on①引起;导致;有助于;改进②提出(论点等)供讨论
bring out①使显现;阐明②出版;生产:bring out a new computer推出一种新型电脑③带(女孩)参加社交活动④[同draw out]使....说出来 bring over ①把...带来②使转变(思想、信仰等):bring sb over to our side使某人转变到我们这方面来 bring through使渡过困难(危机等);救活 bring...to使恢复知觉
bring up①教育;培养;使成长:He was brought up by his aunt.他是由他婶婶抚养大的。②提出(议题等)③打断④(船等)停下;到终点⑤呕吐
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