Unit 1 Automotive Awareness 汽车认识
1.1 Fundamental Structure
Engine, chassis, body, electrical equipment Front wheel 前轮 Rear wheel 后轮
Front suspension 前悬架 Rear suspension 后悬架
Front wheel brake 前轮制动器 Sub-frame 副车架
Transmission shaft 传动轴 Steering wheel 转向盘
Rear wheel brake 后轮制动器
Final drive & differential 主减速器及差速器
Overall Structure of Classic Car（典型轿车总装）
1.1.1 Engine camshaft 凸轮轴 exhaust valve 排气阀 distributor 分电器 timing belt 正时带 air filter 空气滤清器
ignition switch 点火开关 spark plug 火花塞 ignition loop 点火线圈 coolant 冷却液 piston 活塞
connecting- rod 连杆
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accumulator 蓄电池 inlet valve 进气门 crankshaft 曲轴 lubricant 润滑油 flywheel 飞轮 starter 起动机
Gasoline Engine Appearance Structure（汽油机外形结构）
injector 喷油器
injection pump 喷油泵 timing gear 正时齿轮
Diesel Engine Appearance Structure（柴油机外形结构）
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1.1.2 Chassis
Four major categories(类别):
Power train (transmission) system 传动系 Suspension system 行驶系 Steering system 转向系 Brake system 制动系
Classis Assembly Map（底盘总成）
1.1.3 Body
front cross member 前横梁
engine-support cross member 发动机支撑横梁 wheel arch 轮口 side member 纵梁 front pillar 前柱
cross member under seat 后座下横梁 center pillar 中柱 rear pillar 后柱 back panel 后围板
rear roof bow 顶盖后横梁 roof rail 上边梁
front roof bow 顶盖前横梁
cross member under windshield 前窗下横梁 front side member 前纵梁
front end panel 发动机罩前支撑板
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Body Assembly Map（车身总装）
1.1.4 Electrical Equipment sensor signal 传感器信号 control unit 控制单元
terminal energy output pole 终极能量输出极 power supply 电源
Double Ignition Loop（点火系统）
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nailing 穿钉 seal 密封圈
locking pieces 锁片 brush frame 电刷架 end cover 端盖 rotor 转子
planetary gear machine 行星齿轮机构 one-way clutch 单向离合器 thrust washers 止推垫圈 cover drive 驱动端盖
electromagnetic switch 电磁开关 core activities 活动铁心 plectrum 拔叉 clasp 卡环 chassis 机壳
adjusted gasket 调整垫片
Permanent Magnet Slowdown Starter(永磁式减速起动机)
evaporator 蒸发器 compressor 压缩机 condenser 冷凝器
reserve liquid dryer 储液干燥器 liquid window 液窗 expansion valve 膨胀阀
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Automotive air-conditioning refrigeration systems (汽车空调冷凝系统) front airbag sensor RH 前安全气囊传感器右侧 steering wheel liner 转向盘衬垫
airbag warming lights 安全气囊警告灯
front airbags sensor LH 前安全气囊传感器左侧 spiral cable 螺旋电缆
central airbags sensor assembly 中央安全气囊传感器总成
Airbag Composition (安全气囊组成)
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Unit 2 Engine Construction 发动机构造
2.1 Fundamental Structure intake manifold 进气管 spark plug 火花塞
timing driving room cover 正时传动室盖 camshaft 凸轮轴 timing belt 正时齿带 cam pulley 凸轮轴带轮
crank shaft timing belt gear wheel 曲轴正时齿形带轮 throttle valve 节气门
cylinder head cover 气缸盖罩 distributor 分电器 cylinder cover 汽缸盖 cylinder 气缸
cylinder block 气缸体 flywheel 飞轮 water jacket 水套
Engine Overall Structure （发动机总体构造）
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2.2 Block Group
2.2.1 Basic Components cylinder head 汽缸盖 cylinder pillow 气缸垫 cylinder block 汽缸体 oil pan 油底壳
Block Group
2.2.2 Cylinder Block cylinder 气缸 water jacket 水套
main underside 缸体地面 reinforcing rib 横隔板加强肋 headstock seat 主轴承座 block tip surface 缸体顶面
side wall reinforce rib 侧壁加强肋 block side wall 缸体侧壁
Cylinder Block
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2.2.3 Cylinder Head
cylinder head cover 气缸盖罩 gasket 密封垫
cylinder head 缸盖
cylinder head gasket 汽缸盖垫圈
Cylinder Head
2.3 Crankshaft and Connecting Rod Mechanism （曲柄连杆机构） submit gaseous ring 上气环 below gaseous ring 下气环 oil ring 油环 piston 活塞
piston pin 活塞销 bead flange 挡圈
connecting-rod bolts 连杆螺栓 connecting-rod body 连杆体 connecting-rod top 连杆盖 nut 螺母 bearing 轴承
crankshaft timing gear 曲轴定时齿轮 below still trundle patch 下止推片 crankshaft 曲轴
balance weight 平衡重 locating pin 定位销 flywheel 飞轮
flywheel bolt 飞轮螺栓
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Crankshaft and Connecting Rod Mechanism
2.4 Admission Gear（配气机构） valve locker 气门锁夹 valve oil seal 气门油封 valve spring 气门弹簧
ascending valve spring seat 上气门弹簧座 valve pipe 气门导管 valve 气门
Admission Gear
camshaft timing belt gear wheel 凸轮轴定时齿形带轮
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cog belt 齿形带
tension wheel 张紧轮 midst wheel 中间轮
water pump transmission belt gear wheel 水泵传动齿形带轮 camshaft timing belt gear wheel 曲轴定时齿形带轮 camshaft 曲轴
air inlet camshaft 进气凸轮轴 exhaust camshaft 排气凸轮轴 valve spring 气门弹簧 exhaust valve 排气门 piston 活塞
connecting-rod body 连杆体 connecting-rod top 连杆盖
Admission Gear
2.5 The Fuel Supply System（燃油供给系统）
2.5.1 Oil Orbit and Components （油轨及其组成） injector 喷油器
high-pressure pipeline 高压油管 back tubing 回油管
diesel filters 柴油滤清器
plunger-injector 柱塞式喷油器 oil pump 输出泵
injection advancer 喷油提前器 oil-water separator 油水分离器 diesel tank 柴油箱 governor 调速器
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Plunger-type Fuel Injection Pump Diesel System(柱塞式喷油泵柴油机燃油系统) intake tube 进气软管
intake manifold 进气歧管 carburetor 化油器 exhaust pipe 排气管 muffler 消声器
gasoline pump 汽油泵 gasoline filter 汽油滤清器 pipe 油管
gasoline tank 汽油箱 air filter 空气滤清器
Gasoline Engine Fuel System（汽油燃油系统）
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2.5.2 Gasoline Pump
diaphragm type gasoline pump 膜片式汽油泵 oil ring 油环
oil ring gasket 油环衬圈 delivery valve 出油阀 diaphragm 膜片
diaphragm spring 膜片弹簧 mandrel 顶杆
hand-operated rocket 手摇臂 tie 拉杆
pull-off spring 回位弹簧 rocket 摇臂 wheel 偏心轮
filling valve 进油阀
feeding channels 进油通道 strainer 滤网
Diaphragm Type Gasoline Pump
2.5.3 Vacuum Tube Road (真空管道)
EVAP service port 燃油蒸汽排放系统检修孔 purge line 清污管道
EVAP VSV 燃油蒸发排放系统真空开关阀 air inlet line 进气管路
vapor pressure sensor VSV 燃油蒸汽压力传感器真空开关 vapor pressure sensor 燃油蒸汽压力传感器 EVAP line 燃油蒸发排放管路 fuel tank 燃油箱
charcoal canister 炭罐
air drain hole 空气排放软管 catalytic converter 催化转化器
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Engine Emissions Vacuum Tube（发动机排放真空管路）
2.6 Cooling System
heater machine 暖风机 switch 开关 the pressure limiting valve 限压阀管
water lid 加水盖 bulge water tank 膨胀水箱 water tank 水箱 water pipe 水管 water pump 水泵 thermostat 节温器 heater machine penstock 暖风进机水管
Cooling System
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2.7 Lubrication System (润滑系统)
back closing valve 回油关闭阀 over press valve 过压阀 oil pump 机油泵 oil sump tank 油底壳 filters 滤清器 hydraulic switch 油压开关
Lubrication System Composing
muzzle 喷嘴 engine oil cooler 机油冷却器 concentrate colander 集虑器 engine oil cleaner 机油滤清器 air compressor 空气压缩机 super charger 增压器 rocker-arm shaft 摇臂轴
Lubrication System Oil Route
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Unit 3 Chassis
3.1 Power Train System
transmission 变速器 drive shaft 传动轴 universal ioint 万向节 differential 差速器 final drive 主减速器 axe shaft 半轴
Power Train System Assembly
3.1.1 Clutch （离合器）
pilot bearing 导向轴承 cover plate 罩板
clutch disc 离合器摩擦片 pressure plate and cover 压盘与罩 release lever 分离杆 input shaft 输入轴 clutch housing 离合器壳
Clutch Assembly（离合器总成）
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3.1.2 Gearbox （变速器）
Manual Transmission （MT,手动变速器）
shift lever 变速杆 3rd speed gear 三档齿轮
input shaft gear 输入轴齿轮 drive gear 传动齿轮（中间轴） countershaft 中间轴 reverse shaft 倒档齿轮 rear bearing 后轴承 front bearing 前轴承 companion yoke 结合叉 synchronizer 同步器 1st speed gear 一档齿轮 2st speed gear 二档齿轮
5-speed Manual Transmission （五档手动变速器）
Synchronizer
Synchronizer(同步器)
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Automatic Transmission (AT自动变速器)
shaft lock button 锁止按钮 shift position indicator 档位指示器 O/D switch (overdrive switch) 超速档开关
Selector Lever of Automatic Transmission （自动变速器变速杆）
convertor cover 变矩器壳 impeller 轮泵 startup ring gear 启动齿轮 turbine 涡轮
impeller 泵轮 convertor 变矩器 parking lock 停车锁 servo valve 伺服阀
Automatic Transmission
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3.1.3 Drive Axle（驱动器） Final Drive （主减速器）
drive pinion 主动齿轮 driven pinion 从动齿轮
Final Drive
Differential（差速器）
differential (side) pinion 差速器行星齿轮 differential cover 差速器盖 pinion washer 小齿轮垫片 side gear 半轴齿轮
Differential
3.1.4 Universal Gearing （万向传动装置）
sleeve 套筒 needle 滚针 oil seat 油封 oil mouth 油嘴
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universal joint yoke 万向节叉 cross 十字轴
Garden Universal Joint (十字轴式万向节)
Propeller Shafts 传动轴
gearbox assembly 变速器总成 beam 横梁
centre bearing 中间支撑 rear drive axle 后驱动桥
Propeller Shafts
3.2 Suspension (汽车悬架)
steering arm 转向节臂 strut mount 滑柱固定件 suspension member 悬架横梁 lower link 下横臂 stabilizer shaft 横向稳定杆 bushing 衬套 strut rod 支撑杆 ball joint 球节
shock strut 滑柱 coil spring 螺旋弹簧 vehicle load 车辆负载 lower A-arm 下A形臂
grease fitting 润滑脂嘴 spring pin 钢板弹簧销 front bracket 前支架 spring bushing 弹簧销衬套 limiting stopper 限位块 cover sheet 盖板
sliding plate 滑板 set pin sleeve 限位销套
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hoop bolt 加箍螺栓 spring clamp 钢板弹簧
Macpherson Strut Suspension （麦弗逊滑柱式悬架）
Rigid Axle Suspension（非独立悬架）
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3.3 Steering System（转向系）
pitman arm 转向摇臂 steering knuckle 转向节臂 steering wheel 转向盘 tie rod 转向横拉杆 steering arms 梯形臂
Steering System
3.3.1 Steering Gear
steering worm 转向蜗杆 pitman arm shaft 摇臂轴 sector shaft adjust screw 摇臂轴调整螺钉
Cam and Lever Steering Gear （蜗杆指销式转向器）
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steering shock absorber 转向减速器 drive gear 主动齿轮 joint plate 连接板 left tie rod 左横拉杆
Rack and Pinion Steering Gear （齿轮齿条式转向器）
3.3.2 Power Steering System （动力转向系）
Power Steering System
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3.4 Brake System
brake fluid reservoir 制动液储箱 vacuum power booster 真空助力器 brake line 制动管路 caliper 卡钳 disc 盘
slide pin 导向销 brake drum 制动鼓 wheel stud 车轮紧固螺栓 brake pedal 制动踏板 wheel cylinder 制动分缸
Brake System Components (制动系零件)
3.4.1 Brake
leading shoe 领蹄 wheel cylinder 轮缸 friction lining 摩擦片 trailing shoe 从蹄 piston 活塞 anchor pin 支撑销 backing plate 制动器底板 brake drum 制动鼓
Drum Brake
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brake pad 制动衬块 floating caliper 浮钳 fixed caliper 固定钳 guide pin 导销 brake disc 制动盘 piston 活塞
Disc Brake
3.4.2 Parking brake （驻车制动器）
return spring 回位弹簧 release button 释放按钮 release rod 释放杆 equalizer 平衡臂
parking brake strut 驻车制动撑杆 control lever 操纵杆 cable 拉绳 spacer 隔套
parking brake lever 驻车制动器拉杆 cable bracket 拉绳支架
Hand-Operated Parking Brake(手动驻车制动器)
ratchet 荆爪 ratchet draw bar 荆爪拉杆 guide 导杆 air absorber 空气缓冲器 parking brake switch 驻车制动灯开关
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Foot-Operated Parking Brake
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Unit 4 Vehicle Body
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